Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for clinically significant thrombotic events in cardiovascular diseases.Platelet reactivity in hyperlipidemic conditions is enhanced when platelet scavenger receptor CD36 recognizes oxi...Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for clinically significant thrombotic events in cardiovascular diseases.Platelet reactivity in hyperlipidemic conditions is enhanced when platelet scavenger receptor CD36 recognizes oxidized lipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)particles,a process that induces atherothrombosis.Sulforaphane(SFN)is a dietary isothiocyanate enriched in cruciferous vegetables and exerts multiple biological activities.The current study sought to investigate the efficacy of SFN on platelet hyperreactivity under hyperlipidemic conditions in vitro and in vivo.Using a series of platelet functional assays in human platelets in vitro,we demonstrated that SFN attenuated ox-LDL-increased platelet aggregation and activation(surface CD62P expression).Mechanistically,studies using pharmacological inhibitors clarified that these inhibitory effects of SFN were mainly modulated by down-regulating CD36-mediated activation of Src kinases,leading to enhanced activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A(cAMP/PKA)signaling,and resultant inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2)-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Moreover,12-week supplementation of SFN-enriched broccoli sprout extract(BSE,0.06%diet)in hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice also decreased platelet hyperreactivity.Studies using pharmacological inhibitors of CD36,protein kinase A(PKA)and NOX2 showed that the efficacy of BSE supplementation was mainly through modulating CD36-mediated the cAMP/PKA/NOX2 signaling.Thus,through modulating the cAMP/PKA/NOX2 pathway and attenuating CD36-mediated platelet hyperreactivity,SFN may play important protective roles in atherothrombosis under hyperlipidemic conditions.展开更多
Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been d...Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.展开更多
The performance evaluation of the process industry, which has been a popular topic nowadays, can not only find the weakness and verify the resilience and reliability of the process, but also provide some suggestions t...The performance evaluation of the process industry, which has been a popular topic nowadays, can not only find the weakness and verify the resilience and reliability of the process, but also provide some suggestions to improve the process benefits and efficiency. Nevertheless, the performance assessment principally concentrates upon some parts of the entire system at present, for example the controller assessment. Although some researches focus on the whole process, they aim at discovering the relationships between profit, society, policies and so forth, instead of relations between overall performance and some manipulated variables, that is, the total plant performance. According to the big data of different performance statuses, this paper proposes a hierarchical framework to select some structured logic rules from monitored variables to estimate the current state of the process. The variables related to safety and profits are regarded as key factors to performance evaluation. To better monitor the process state and observe the performance variation trend of the process, a classificationvisualization method based on kernel principal component analysis(KPCA) and self-organizing map(SOM) is established. The dimensions of big data produced by the process are first reduced by KPCA and then the processed data will be mapped into a two-dimensional grid chart by SOM to evaluate the performance status. The monitoring method is applied to the Tennessee Eastman process. Monitoring results indicate that off-line and on-line performance status can be well detected in a two-dimensional diagram.展开更多
The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as...The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as a promising power source owing to their exceptional safety,low costs,and outstanding electrochemical performance.However,the conventional alkaline Zn-based battery systems face many challenges associated with electrodes and electrolytes,causing low capacity,poor cycle life,and inferior mechanical performance.Recent advances in materials and structure design have enabled the revisitation of the alkaline Zn-based battery technology for applications in flexible electronics.Herein,we summarize the up-to-date works in flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries and analyze the strategies employed to improve battery performance.Firstly,we introduce the three most reported cathode materials(including Ag-based,Ni-based,and Co-based materials)for flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries.Then,challenges and modifications in battery anodes are investigated.Thirdly,the recently advanced gel electrolytes are introduced from their properties,functions as well as advanced fabrications.Finally,recent works and the advantages of sandwich-type,fiber-type and thin film-type flexible batteries are summarized and compared.This review provides insights and guidance for the design of high-performance flexible Zn-based batteries for next-generation electronics.展开更多
Perovskite materials show exciting potential for light-emitting diodes(LEDs)owing to their intrinsically high photoluminescence efficiency and color purity.The research focusing on perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeL...Perovskite materials show exciting potential for light-emitting diodes(LEDs)owing to their intrinsically high photoluminescence efficiency and color purity.The research focusing on perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)has experienced an exponential growth in the past six years.The maximum external quantum efficiency of red,green,and blue PeLEDs has surpassed 20%,20%,and 10%,respectively.Nevertheless,the current PeLEDs are still in the laboratory stage,and the key for further development of PeLEDs is large-area fabrication.In this paper,we briefly discuss the similarities and differences between manufacturing high-quality and large-area PeLEDs and perovskite solar cells.Especially,the general technologies for fabricating large-area perovskite films are also introduced.The effect of charge transport layers and electrodes on large-area devices are discussed as well.Most importantly,we summarize the advances of large-area(active area≥30 mm^(2))PeLEDs reported since 2017,and describe the methods for optimizing large-area PeLEDs reported in the literature.Finally,the development perspective of PeLEDs is presented for the goal of highly efficient and large-area PeLED fabrication.It is of great significance for the application of PeLEDs in future display and lighting.展开更多
Silver-zinc(Ag-Zn)batteries are a promising battery system for flexible electronics owing to their high safety,high energy density,and stable output voltage.However,poor cycling performance,low areal capacity,and infe...Silver-zinc(Ag-Zn)batteries are a promising battery system for flexible electronics owing to their high safety,high energy density,and stable output voltage.However,poor cycling performance,low areal capacity,and inferior flexibility limit the practical application of Ag-Zn batteries.Herein,we develop a flexible quasi-solid-state Ag-Zn battery system with superior performance by using mild electrolyte and binder-free electrodes.Copper foam current collector is introduced to impede the growth of Zn dendrite,and the structure of Ag cathode is engineered by electrodeposition and chloridization process to improve the areal capacity.This novel battery demonstrates a remarkable cycle retention of 90%for 200 cycles at 3 mA cm^(-2).More importantly,this binder-free battery can afford a high capacity of 3.5 mAh cm^(-2)at 3 mA cm^(-2),an outstanding power density of 2.42 mW cm^(-2),and a maximum energy density of 3.4 mWh cm^(-2).An energy management circuit is adopted to boost the output voltage of a single battery,which can power electronic ink display and Bluetooth temperature and humidity sensor.The developed battery can even operate under the extreme conditions,such as being bent and sealed in solid ice.This work offers a path for designing electrodes and electrolyte toward high-performance flexible Ag-Zn batteries.展开更多
Platelet apoptosis is crucial for initiating atherothrombosis and is primarily induced by circulating oxidized lipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)particles under hyperlipidemic conditions.Panax notogins...Platelet apoptosis is crucial for initiating atherothrombosis and is primarily induced by circulating oxidized lipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)particles under hyperlipidemic conditions.Panax notoginseng has excellent medicinal and food dual-use characteristics.P.notoginseng saponins(PNS),the primary active ingredients extracted from the roots of P.notoginseng,are widely used as nutritional supplements owing to their multiple health benefits.In this study,we investigated the efficacy of PNS in platelet apoptosis under hyperlipidemic conditions in vitro and in vivo.In vitro assays demonstrated that PNS attenuated platelet mitochondrial dysfunction(loss of mitochondrial membrane potential)and subsequent apoptosis(caspase-9/-3 activation and phosphatidylserine exposure)in ox-LDL-stimulated human platelets.Mechanistically,PNS activated cAMP/PKA signaling,leading to decreased NOX2-mediated oxidative stress,and the resultant inhibition of platelet apoptosis.Moreover,12-week supplementation of PNS(0.02% diet)in hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice also significantly alleviated platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in vivo.Studies using pharmacological inhibitors of PKA and NOX2 demonstrated that the efficacy of PNS on platelet dysfunction in mice was primarily modulated by the up-regulation of cAMP/PKA signaling and the resultant inhibition of NOX2-dependent oxidative stress.Thus,these results suggest that PNS attenuate oxidative stress-mediated platelet apoptosis under hyperlipidemic conditions by up-regulating the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.Our study elucidated a possible novel strategy of involving the use of PNS to prevent atherothrombosis in hyperlipidemia.展开更多
Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair ce...Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair cell function.ANSD represents up to 15%of individuals with hearing impairments.Through mutation screening,bioinformatic analysis and expression studies,we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)mitochondria-associated 1(AIFM1)variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases.Here,to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant,we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system and constructed AIF-wild type(WT)and AIF-mutant(mut)(p.T260A,p.R422W,and p.R451Q)stable transfection cell lines.We then analyzed AIF structure,coenzyme-binding affinity,apoptosis,and other aspects.Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization,compromising AIF function.The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT.The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5%-49.7%of that of AIF-WT cells,resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis.The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3%-17.9%,which was significantly higher than that(6.9%-7.4%)in controls.However,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells.Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD,and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment.Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.展开更多
Plant metabolites are important for plant development and human health.Plants of celery(Apium graveolens L.)with different-colored petioles have been formed in the course of long-term evolution.However,the composition...Plant metabolites are important for plant development and human health.Plants of celery(Apium graveolens L.)with different-colored petioles have been formed in the course of long-term evolution.However,the composition,content distribution,and mechanisms of accumulation of metabolites in different-colored petioles remain elusive.Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS),1159 metabolites,including 100 lipids,72 organic acids and derivatives,83 phenylpropanoids and polyketides,and several alkaloids and terpenoids,were quantified in four celery cultivars,each with a different petiole color.There were significant differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery with different-colored petioles,with the most striking difference between green celery and purple celery,followed by white celery and green celery.Annotated analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolites of the different-colored petioles were significantly enriched in biosynthetic pathways such as anthocyanin,flavonoid,and chlorophyll pathways,suggesting that these metabolic pathways may play a key role in determining petiole color in celery.The content of chlorophyll in green celery was significantly higher than that in other celery cultivars,yellow celery was rich in carotenoids,and the content of anthocyanin in purple celery was significantly higher than that in the other celery cultivars.The color of the celery petioles was significantly correlated with the content of related metabolites.Among the four celery cultivars,the metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were enriched in purple celery.The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR)suggested that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase(CHS)gene in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway might affect the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in celery.In addition,HPLC analysis revealed that cyanidin is the main pigment in purple celery.This study explored the differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery cultivars with different-colored petioles and identified key substances for color formation.The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for genetic improvement of celery petiole color.展开更多
Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing...Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing population.Here,45,298 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from 55K chip arrays were used to genotype a panel of 768 wheat cultivars,and a total of 154 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were detected for eight traits under three environments by genome-wide association study(GWAS).Three QTLs(qMn-3B.1,qFe-3B.4,and qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6)detected repeatedly under different environments or traits were subjected to subsequent analyses based on linkage disequilibrium decay and the P-values of significant SNPs.Significant SNPs in the three QTL regions formed six haplotypes for qMn-3B.1,three haplotypes for qFe-3B.4,and three haplotypes for qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6.Phenotypic analysis revealed significant differences among haplotypes.These results indicated that the concentrations of several nutrient elements have been modified during the domestication of landraces to modern wheat.Based on the QTL regions,we identified 15 high-confidence genes,eight of which were stably expressed in different tissues and/or developmental stages.TraesCS3B02G046100 in qMn-3B.1 and TraesCS3B02G199500 in qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6 were both inferred to interact with metal ions according to the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis.TraesCS3B02G199000,which belongs to qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6,was determined to be a member of the WRKY gene family.Overall,this study provides several reliable QTLs that may significantly affect the concentrations of nutrient elements in wheat grain,and this information will facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars with improved grain properties.展开更多
In order to explore the influence of water velocity on the heat collection performance of the active heat storage and release system for solar greenhouses,six different flow rates were selected for treatment in this e...In order to explore the influence of water velocity on the heat collection performance of the active heat storage and release system for solar greenhouses,six different flow rates were selected for treatment in this experiment.The comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the active heat storage and release system at the heat collection stage was calculated by measuring the indoor solar radiation intensity,indoor air temperature and measured water tank temperature.The prediction model of water temperature in the heat collection stage was established,and the initial value of water temperature and the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient were input through MATLAB software.The simulated value of water temperature was compared with the measured value and the results showed that the best heat transfer effect could be achieved when the water flow speed was 1.0 m3h-1.The average relative error between the simulated water tank temperature and the measured value is 2.70-6.91%.The results indicate that the model is established correctly,and the variation trend of water temperature can be predicted according to the model in the heat collection stage.展开更多
Nanosecond(ns)pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)is considered as a promising method to produce controllable large-volume and high activity low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure,which makes it suitable f...Nanosecond(ns)pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)is considered as a promising method to produce controllable large-volume and high activity low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure,which makes it suitable for wide applications.In this work,the ns pulse power supply is used to excite Ar DBD and the influences of the pulse parameters(voltage amplitude,pulse width,pulse rise and fall times)on the DBD uniformity are investigated.The gas gap voltage(Ug)and conduct current(Ig)are separated from the measured voltage and current waveforms to analyze the influence of electrical parameters.The spectral line intensity ratio of two Ar excited species is used as an indicator of the electron temperature(Te).The time resolved discharge processes are recorded by an intensified charge-coupled device camera and a one-dimensional fluid model is employed to simulate the spatial and temporal distributions of electrons,ions,metastable argon atoms and Te.Combining the experimental and numerical results,the mechanism of the pulse parameters influencing on the discharge uniformity is discussed.It is shown that the space electric field intensity and the space particles'densities are mainly responsible for the variation of discharge uniformity.With the increase of voltage and pulse width,the electric field intensity and the density of space particles increased,which results in the discharge mode transition from non-uniform to uniform,and then non-uniform.Furthermore,the extension of pulse rise and fall times leads to the discharge transition from uniform to nonuniform.The results are helpful to reveal the mechanism of ns pulsed DBD mode transition and to realize controllable and uniform plasma sources at atmospheric pressure.展开更多
Strategic management oriented enterprise internal control is an inevitable choice after the enterprise develops to a certain scale,and it is also an important starting point for enterprises to adjust their own strateg...Strategic management oriented enterprise internal control is an inevitable choice after the enterprise develops to a certain scale,and it is also an important starting point for enterprises to adjust their own strategic layout and resource allocation.With the continuous expansion of the scope of internal control supervision,the traditional mode of internal control supervision has become more and more restricted.In view of this,the present study started from the necessity of internal control supervision from the overall and top-level perspectives,and analyzed the current problems in the internal control of enterprises from the perspective of strategic management.The problems include the lack of methods and tools of strategic management,insufficient awareness of strategic risk management,insufficient expansion of internal control objects,insufficient prior intervention in internal control supervision,etc.Finally,it came up with the idea of constructing strategic enterprise internal control,in order to provide an effective reference for the study of enterprise internal control.展开更多
Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2)-mediated H3K27me3 deposition is vital for cell fate determination during Arabidopsis thaliana endosperm development.Unlike the transient endosperm in Arabidopsis,ce-reals follow a d...Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2)-mediated H3K27me3 deposition is vital for cell fate determination during Arabidopsis thaliana endosperm development.Unlike the transient endosperm in Arabidopsis,ce-reals follow a different developmental program after the cellularization phase,producing a persistent endo-sperm.In contrast to the single,constitutively expressed Fertilization Independent Endosperm(FIE)gene in Arabidopsis,cereals have evolved a duplicated,grain-specific counterpart,such as maize ZmFie1 and rice OsFie1.However,their functions remain unclear.We applied Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation(CUT&Tag)to profile the dynamics of the H3K27me3 mark during maize endosperm development.We observed a genome-wide elevation of H3K27me3 levels at early stages,followed by a rapid reduction after seed filling.We identified common regions and designated them as Filling Specific Peaks(FSPs),which are largely regulated by ZmFie1.Indeed,knockout of ZmFie1 results in earlier cellularization and slightly enhanced mitosis during endosperm filling,leading to smaller kernels that accumulate more zeins.Consis-tently,H3K27me3 levels onα-zein genes,located as tandem repeats on chromosome 4,are dramatically decreased in zmfie1.Moreover,it indirectly inhibits cell proliferation by mediating H3K27me3 deposition at ZmMADS loci,thereby balancing endosperm development and filling.Intriguingly,OsFie1 imposes H3K27me3 modification at the loci of 13-kDa prolamin genes and OsMADSs,leading to their repressed expression.Collectively,our findings reveal the conserved function of H3K27me3 deposition mediated by ZmFie1/OsFie1 in cereal endosperm development.The newly evolved,cereal grain-specific FIE1-PRC2 complex plays a key role in balancing storage substance synthesis and cell proliferation during persistent endosperm development.展开更多
Chiral metasurfaces have different electromagnetic responses with circularly polarized lights,showing as circular dichroism and optical activity.Here,a novel kind of all-silicon chiral metasurface is proposed by intro...Chiral metasurfaces have different electromagnetic responses with circularly polarized lights,showing as circular dichroism and optical activity.Here,a novel kind of all-silicon chiral metasurface is proposed by introducing destructive interference between achiral meta-atoms.The maximum value of circular dichroism spectra can reach 0.49.By adding an antireflective layer at the side of the silicon substrate,the maximum circular dichroism reaches 0.54.What is more,the bandwidth of circular dichroism greater than 0.4 reaches 0.15 THz.Two samples are fabricated to verify the feasibility of this scheme,and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations.In addition,the proposed scheme can also be used to generate various interesting functions,such as beam control and vortex generator.This flexible and efficient implementation solution of chiral metasurface can bring new ideas to the development of chiral devices in the future.展开更多
How to directionally design the hollow zeolite via a green route is of great significance. Here, we successfully synthesized the hollow Fe-silicate-1 encapsulated ultra-small Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles (2.5 nm) with hi...How to directionally design the hollow zeolite via a green route is of great significance. Here, we successfully synthesized the hollow Fe-silicate-1 encapsulated ultra-small Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles (2.5 nm) with higher yield (85.2%) by mother liquid than traditional dissolution-recrystallization for the first time, which was achieved by precisely regulating the number and distribution of defects in zeolite and cleverly utilizing the TPAOH and nuclei in mother liquor. The effects of synthetic temperature, synthetic period and addition amount of parent zeolite on the formation of hollow zeolite have been investigated and the effect of synthetic conditions on the defects in parent zeolite has been also firstly quantified. The corresponding formation mechanism has been proposed. The abundant inner defects provided by the zeolite synthesized at 130 °C for 1 day and large amount of TPAOH remaining in mother liquid are conducive to the formation of hollow zeolite. Meanwhile, both parent zeolite and nuclei (4-, 5-member rings and structure units) in mother liquid obtained at 130 °C play the crucial roles in enhancing the zeolite yield. Notably, Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles could decompose into small fragments by the interaction with nuclei in mother liquid. Partial ultra-small Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles would be encapsulated in cavity and the rest could be inserted in the zeolite framework, which is significantly different from the conventional dissolution-recrystallization mechanism. The obtained encapsulated catalyst shows the superior catalytic performance and stability in phenol and tetracycline degradation reactions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82003451 and 82003455)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202101AT070033)the Start-Up Fund for Introduction of High-level Talents to Dali University(YBS2021015).
文摘Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for clinically significant thrombotic events in cardiovascular diseases.Platelet reactivity in hyperlipidemic conditions is enhanced when platelet scavenger receptor CD36 recognizes oxidized lipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)particles,a process that induces atherothrombosis.Sulforaphane(SFN)is a dietary isothiocyanate enriched in cruciferous vegetables and exerts multiple biological activities.The current study sought to investigate the efficacy of SFN on platelet hyperreactivity under hyperlipidemic conditions in vitro and in vivo.Using a series of platelet functional assays in human platelets in vitro,we demonstrated that SFN attenuated ox-LDL-increased platelet aggregation and activation(surface CD62P expression).Mechanistically,studies using pharmacological inhibitors clarified that these inhibitory effects of SFN were mainly modulated by down-regulating CD36-mediated activation of Src kinases,leading to enhanced activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A(cAMP/PKA)signaling,and resultant inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2)-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Moreover,12-week supplementation of SFN-enriched broccoli sprout extract(BSE,0.06%diet)in hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice also decreased platelet hyperreactivity.Studies using pharmacological inhibitors of CD36,protein kinase A(PKA)and NOX2 showed that the efficacy of BSE supplementation was mainly through modulating CD36-mediated the cAMP/PKA/NOX2 signaling.Thus,through modulating the cAMP/PKA/NOX2 pathway and attenuating CD36-mediated platelet hyperreactivity,SFN may play important protective roles in atherothrombosis under hyperlipidemic conditions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (61761047 and 41876055)Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Yunnan Province。
文摘Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61590923,61422303,21376077)
文摘The performance evaluation of the process industry, which has been a popular topic nowadays, can not only find the weakness and verify the resilience and reliability of the process, but also provide some suggestions to improve the process benefits and efficiency. Nevertheless, the performance assessment principally concentrates upon some parts of the entire system at present, for example the controller assessment. Although some researches focus on the whole process, they aim at discovering the relationships between profit, society, policies and so forth, instead of relations between overall performance and some manipulated variables, that is, the total plant performance. According to the big data of different performance statuses, this paper proposes a hierarchical framework to select some structured logic rules from monitored variables to estimate the current state of the process. The variables related to safety and profits are regarded as key factors to performance evaluation. To better monitor the process state and observe the performance variation trend of the process, a classificationvisualization method based on kernel principal component analysis(KPCA) and self-organizing map(SOM) is established. The dimensions of big data produced by the process are first reduced by KPCA and then the processed data will be mapped into a two-dimensional grid chart by SOM to evaluate the performance status. The monitoring method is applied to the Tennessee Eastman process. Monitoring results indicate that off-line and on-line performance status can be well detected in a two-dimensional diagram.
基金financial support from the Australian Research Council(LP1900113)。
文摘The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as a promising power source owing to their exceptional safety,low costs,and outstanding electrochemical performance.However,the conventional alkaline Zn-based battery systems face many challenges associated with electrodes and electrolytes,causing low capacity,poor cycle life,and inferior mechanical performance.Recent advances in materials and structure design have enabled the revisitation of the alkaline Zn-based battery technology for applications in flexible electronics.Herein,we summarize the up-to-date works in flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries and analyze the strategies employed to improve battery performance.Firstly,we introduce the three most reported cathode materials(including Ag-based,Ni-based,and Co-based materials)for flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries.Then,challenges and modifications in battery anodes are investigated.Thirdly,the recently advanced gel electrolytes are introduced from their properties,functions as well as advanced fabrications.Finally,recent works and the advantages of sandwich-type,fiber-type and thin film-type flexible batteries are summarized and compared.This review provides insights and guidance for the design of high-performance flexible Zn-based batteries for next-generation electronics.
基金Project supported by the Ningxia Key Project of Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2020BDE03013).
文摘Perovskite materials show exciting potential for light-emitting diodes(LEDs)owing to their intrinsically high photoluminescence efficiency and color purity.The research focusing on perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)has experienced an exponential growth in the past six years.The maximum external quantum efficiency of red,green,and blue PeLEDs has surpassed 20%,20%,and 10%,respectively.Nevertheless,the current PeLEDs are still in the laboratory stage,and the key for further development of PeLEDs is large-area fabrication.In this paper,we briefly discuss the similarities and differences between manufacturing high-quality and large-area PeLEDs and perovskite solar cells.Especially,the general technologies for fabricating large-area perovskite films are also introduced.The effect of charge transport layers and electrodes on large-area devices are discussed as well.Most importantly,we summarize the advances of large-area(active area≥30 mm^(2))PeLEDs reported since 2017,and describe the methods for optimizing large-area PeLEDs reported in the literature.Finally,the development perspective of PeLEDs is presented for the goal of highly efficient and large-area PeLED fabrication.It is of great significance for the application of PeLEDs in future display and lighting.
基金financial support from the Australian Research Council(LP1900113)
文摘Silver-zinc(Ag-Zn)batteries are a promising battery system for flexible electronics owing to their high safety,high energy density,and stable output voltage.However,poor cycling performance,low areal capacity,and inferior flexibility limit the practical application of Ag-Zn batteries.Herein,we develop a flexible quasi-solid-state Ag-Zn battery system with superior performance by using mild electrolyte and binder-free electrodes.Copper foam current collector is introduced to impede the growth of Zn dendrite,and the structure of Ag cathode is engineered by electrodeposition and chloridization process to improve the areal capacity.This novel battery demonstrates a remarkable cycle retention of 90%for 200 cycles at 3 mA cm^(-2).More importantly,this binder-free battery can afford a high capacity of 3.5 mAh cm^(-2)at 3 mA cm^(-2),an outstanding power density of 2.42 mW cm^(-2),and a maximum energy density of 3.4 mWh cm^(-2).An energy management circuit is adopted to boost the output voltage of a single battery,which can power electronic ink display and Bluetooth temperature and humidity sensor.The developed battery can even operate under the extreme conditions,such as being bent and sealed in solid ice.This work offers a path for designing electrodes and electrolyte toward high-performance flexible Ag-Zn batteries.
基金supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202101AT070033202401AT070081)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260638).
文摘Platelet apoptosis is crucial for initiating atherothrombosis and is primarily induced by circulating oxidized lipids in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)particles under hyperlipidemic conditions.Panax notoginseng has excellent medicinal and food dual-use characteristics.P.notoginseng saponins(PNS),the primary active ingredients extracted from the roots of P.notoginseng,are widely used as nutritional supplements owing to their multiple health benefits.In this study,we investigated the efficacy of PNS in platelet apoptosis under hyperlipidemic conditions in vitro and in vivo.In vitro assays demonstrated that PNS attenuated platelet mitochondrial dysfunction(loss of mitochondrial membrane potential)and subsequent apoptosis(caspase-9/-3 activation and phosphatidylserine exposure)in ox-LDL-stimulated human platelets.Mechanistically,PNS activated cAMP/PKA signaling,leading to decreased NOX2-mediated oxidative stress,and the resultant inhibition of platelet apoptosis.Moreover,12-week supplementation of PNS(0.02% diet)in hyperlipidemic C57BL/6J mice also significantly alleviated platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in vivo.Studies using pharmacological inhibitors of PKA and NOX2 demonstrated that the efficacy of PNS on platelet dysfunction in mice was primarily modulated by the up-regulation of cAMP/PKA signaling and the resultant inhibition of NOX2-dependent oxidative stress.Thus,these results suggest that PNS attenuate oxidative stress-mediated platelet apoptosis under hyperlipidemic conditions by up-regulating the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.Our study elucidated a possible novel strategy of involving the use of PNS to prevent atherothrombosis in hyperlipidemia.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32070584,81830028,31771398,82222016,and 8207040100)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ19C060001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019QNA6001)。
文摘Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder(ANSD)represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function,but with the preservation of outer hair cell function.ANSD represents up to 15%of individuals with hearing impairments.Through mutation screening,bioinformatic analysis and expression studies,we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)mitochondria-associated 1(AIFM1)variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases.Here,to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant,we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system and constructed AIF-wild type(WT)and AIF-mutant(mut)(p.T260A,p.R422W,and p.R451Q)stable transfection cell lines.We then analyzed AIF structure,coenzyme-binding affinity,apoptosis,and other aspects.Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization,compromising AIF function.The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT.The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5%-49.7%of that of AIF-WT cells,resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis.The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3%-17.9%,which was significantly higher than that(6.9%-7.4%)in controls.However,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells.Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD,and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment.Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32002027)。
文摘Plant metabolites are important for plant development and human health.Plants of celery(Apium graveolens L.)with different-colored petioles have been formed in the course of long-term evolution.However,the composition,content distribution,and mechanisms of accumulation of metabolites in different-colored petioles remain elusive.Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS),1159 metabolites,including 100 lipids,72 organic acids and derivatives,83 phenylpropanoids and polyketides,and several alkaloids and terpenoids,were quantified in four celery cultivars,each with a different petiole color.There were significant differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery with different-colored petioles,with the most striking difference between green celery and purple celery,followed by white celery and green celery.Annotated analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolites of the different-colored petioles were significantly enriched in biosynthetic pathways such as anthocyanin,flavonoid,and chlorophyll pathways,suggesting that these metabolic pathways may play a key role in determining petiole color in celery.The content of chlorophyll in green celery was significantly higher than that in other celery cultivars,yellow celery was rich in carotenoids,and the content of anthocyanin in purple celery was significantly higher than that in the other celery cultivars.The color of the celery petioles was significantly correlated with the content of related metabolites.Among the four celery cultivars,the metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were enriched in purple celery.The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR)suggested that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase(CHS)gene in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway might affect the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in celery.In addition,HPLC analysis revealed that cyanidin is the main pigment in purple celery.This study explored the differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery cultivars with different-colored petioles and identified key substances for color formation.The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for genetic improvement of celery petiole color.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2020MC096,ZR2021ZD31,and ZR2020MC151)the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province,China(2021LZGC013 and 2022LZGC002).
文摘Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing population.Here,45,298 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from 55K chip arrays were used to genotype a panel of 768 wheat cultivars,and a total of 154 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were detected for eight traits under three environments by genome-wide association study(GWAS).Three QTLs(qMn-3B.1,qFe-3B.4,and qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6)detected repeatedly under different environments or traits were subjected to subsequent analyses based on linkage disequilibrium decay and the P-values of significant SNPs.Significant SNPs in the three QTL regions formed six haplotypes for qMn-3B.1,three haplotypes for qFe-3B.4,and three haplotypes for qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6.Phenotypic analysis revealed significant differences among haplotypes.These results indicated that the concentrations of several nutrient elements have been modified during the domestication of landraces to modern wheat.Based on the QTL regions,we identified 15 high-confidence genes,eight of which were stably expressed in different tissues and/or developmental stages.TraesCS3B02G046100 in qMn-3B.1 and TraesCS3B02G199500 in qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6 were both inferred to interact with metal ions according to the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis.TraesCS3B02G199000,which belongs to qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6,was determined to be a member of the WRKY gene family.Overall,this study provides several reliable QTLs that may significantly affect the concentrations of nutrient elements in wheat grain,and this information will facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars with improved grain properties.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Project No.:2022NSFSC1645)Key R&D Program Project of Xinjiang Province(Project No.:2023B02020)National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation System Sichuan Characteristic Vegetable Innovation Team Project,Sichuan Innovation Team Program of CARS(Project No.:SCCXTD-2024-22)。
文摘In order to explore the influence of water velocity on the heat collection performance of the active heat storage and release system for solar greenhouses,six different flow rates were selected for treatment in this experiment.The comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the active heat storage and release system at the heat collection stage was calculated by measuring the indoor solar radiation intensity,indoor air temperature and measured water tank temperature.The prediction model of water temperature in the heat collection stage was established,and the initial value of water temperature and the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient were input through MATLAB software.The simulated value of water temperature was compared with the measured value and the results showed that the best heat transfer effect could be achieved when the water flow speed was 1.0 m3h-1.The average relative error between the simulated water tank temperature and the measured value is 2.70-6.91%.The results indicate that the model is established correctly,and the variation trend of water temperature can be predicted according to the model in the heat collection stage.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52177148,51777091 and 52037004)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_1449)。
文摘Nanosecond(ns)pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)is considered as a promising method to produce controllable large-volume and high activity low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure,which makes it suitable for wide applications.In this work,the ns pulse power supply is used to excite Ar DBD and the influences of the pulse parameters(voltage amplitude,pulse width,pulse rise and fall times)on the DBD uniformity are investigated.The gas gap voltage(Ug)and conduct current(Ig)are separated from the measured voltage and current waveforms to analyze the influence of electrical parameters.The spectral line intensity ratio of two Ar excited species is used as an indicator of the electron temperature(Te).The time resolved discharge processes are recorded by an intensified charge-coupled device camera and a one-dimensional fluid model is employed to simulate the spatial and temporal distributions of electrons,ions,metastable argon atoms and Te.Combining the experimental and numerical results,the mechanism of the pulse parameters influencing on the discharge uniformity is discussed.It is shown that the space electric field intensity and the space particles'densities are mainly responsible for the variation of discharge uniformity.With the increase of voltage and pulse width,the electric field intensity and the density of space particles increased,which results in the discharge mode transition from non-uniform to uniform,and then non-uniform.Furthermore,the extension of pulse rise and fall times leads to the discharge transition from uniform to nonuniform.The results are helpful to reveal the mechanism of ns pulsed DBD mode transition and to realize controllable and uniform plasma sources at atmospheric pressure.
文摘Strategic management oriented enterprise internal control is an inevitable choice after the enterprise develops to a certain scale,and it is also an important starting point for enterprises to adjust their own strategic layout and resource allocation.With the continuous expansion of the scope of internal control supervision,the traditional mode of internal control supervision has become more and more restricted.In view of this,the present study started from the necessity of internal control supervision from the overall and top-level perspectives,and analyzed the current problems in the internal control of enterprises from the perspective of strategic management.The problems include the lack of methods and tools of strategic management,insufficient awareness of strategic risk management,insufficient expansion of internal control objects,insufficient prior intervention in internal control supervision,etc.Finally,it came up with the idea of constructing strategic enterprise internal control,in order to provide an effective reference for the study of enterprise internal control.
基金sup-ported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20466 to G.W.,32272146 and 31871626 to J.W.,32525007 to Y.W.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1470400 to J.W.and 22ZR1469400 to Y.W.)+2 种基金the XPLORER PRIZE,NEW CORNERSTONE SCI-ENCE FOUNDATION(to Y.W.)the Shanghai Academy of Natural Sci-ences(SANS,to Y.W.)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB1120100 to Y.W.).
文摘Polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2)-mediated H3K27me3 deposition is vital for cell fate determination during Arabidopsis thaliana endosperm development.Unlike the transient endosperm in Arabidopsis,ce-reals follow a different developmental program after the cellularization phase,producing a persistent endo-sperm.In contrast to the single,constitutively expressed Fertilization Independent Endosperm(FIE)gene in Arabidopsis,cereals have evolved a duplicated,grain-specific counterpart,such as maize ZmFie1 and rice OsFie1.However,their functions remain unclear.We applied Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation(CUT&Tag)to profile the dynamics of the H3K27me3 mark during maize endosperm development.We observed a genome-wide elevation of H3K27me3 levels at early stages,followed by a rapid reduction after seed filling.We identified common regions and designated them as Filling Specific Peaks(FSPs),which are largely regulated by ZmFie1.Indeed,knockout of ZmFie1 results in earlier cellularization and slightly enhanced mitosis during endosperm filling,leading to smaller kernels that accumulate more zeins.Consis-tently,H3K27me3 levels onα-zein genes,located as tandem repeats on chromosome 4,are dramatically decreased in zmfie1.Moreover,it indirectly inhibits cell proliferation by mediating H3K27me3 deposition at ZmMADS loci,thereby balancing endosperm development and filling.Intriguingly,OsFie1 imposes H3K27me3 modification at the loci of 13-kDa prolamin genes and OsMADSs,leading to their repressed expression.Collectively,our findings reveal the conserved function of H3K27me3 deposition mediated by ZmFie1/OsFie1 in cereal endosperm development.The newly evolved,cereal grain-specific FIE1-PRC2 complex plays a key role in balancing storage substance synthesis and cell proliferation during persistent endosperm development.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61675147,61735010,and 91838301)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0700-202)+1 种基金Basic Research Program of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ2017041215-4447469)Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents of Henan Province(Grant No.202102310001)。
文摘Chiral metasurfaces have different electromagnetic responses with circularly polarized lights,showing as circular dichroism and optical activity.Here,a novel kind of all-silicon chiral metasurface is proposed by introducing destructive interference between achiral meta-atoms.The maximum value of circular dichroism spectra can reach 0.49.By adding an antireflective layer at the side of the silicon substrate,the maximum circular dichroism reaches 0.54.What is more,the bandwidth of circular dichroism greater than 0.4 reaches 0.15 THz.Two samples are fabricated to verify the feasibility of this scheme,and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations.In addition,the proposed scheme can also be used to generate various interesting functions,such as beam control and vortex generator.This flexible and efficient implementation solution of chiral metasurface can bring new ideas to the development of chiral devices in the future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21978198 and 22002052).
文摘How to directionally design the hollow zeolite via a green route is of great significance. Here, we successfully synthesized the hollow Fe-silicate-1 encapsulated ultra-small Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles (2.5 nm) with higher yield (85.2%) by mother liquid than traditional dissolution-recrystallization for the first time, which was achieved by precisely regulating the number and distribution of defects in zeolite and cleverly utilizing the TPAOH and nuclei in mother liquor. The effects of synthetic temperature, synthetic period and addition amount of parent zeolite on the formation of hollow zeolite have been investigated and the effect of synthetic conditions on the defects in parent zeolite has been also firstly quantified. The corresponding formation mechanism has been proposed. The abundant inner defects provided by the zeolite synthesized at 130 °C for 1 day and large amount of TPAOH remaining in mother liquid are conducive to the formation of hollow zeolite. Meanwhile, both parent zeolite and nuclei (4-, 5-member rings and structure units) in mother liquid obtained at 130 °C play the crucial roles in enhancing the zeolite yield. Notably, Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles could decompose into small fragments by the interaction with nuclei in mother liquid. Partial ultra-small Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles would be encapsulated in cavity and the rest could be inserted in the zeolite framework, which is significantly different from the conventional dissolution-recrystallization mechanism. The obtained encapsulated catalyst shows the superior catalytic performance and stability in phenol and tetracycline degradation reactions.
