The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multi...The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy with varying levels of serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies.Methods:A total of 137 patients with idiopathi...Objective:To investigate the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy with varying levels of serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies.Methods:A total of 137 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy admitted to Beijing Sixth Hospital were selected.Based on their blood PLA2R antibody levels before rituximab treatment,patients were categorized into the PLA2R antibody positive group(n=94)and the PLA2R antibody negative group(n=43).They were followed up for at least 1 year,during which the efficacy,measured through 24-hour urine protein quantification and serum albumin levels,were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:After 3 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in the quantitative levels of 24-hour urine protein between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after 6 and 12 months of treatment,there was a significant difference in the levels of 24-hour urine protein between the two groups(P<0.05).Additionally,after 3 months of treatment,there was a notable difference in the serum albumin levels between the two groups(P<0.05).However,after 6 and 12 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in serum albumin levels between the two groups(P>0.05).Analysis of complications in the two groups revealed that in the positive group,9 individuals experienced thrombosis,5 had infections,and 11 developed acute kidney injury(AKI).In contrast,in the negative group,5 individuals had thrombosis,2 had infections,and 3 developed AKI.There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Serum anti-PLA2R antibody levels provide valuable insights into the clinical observation of rituximab treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.They aid in understanding the disease’s pathogenesis,evaluating treatment efficacy,and predicting disease prognosis.展开更多
Dear Editor,Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system,characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the myelin sheath(Ransohoff,2023;Ransohoff et al.,2015).Gut metabolites derived...Dear Editor,Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system,characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the myelin sheath(Ransohoff,2023;Ransohoff et al.,2015).Gut metabolites derived from the diet and microbiome can shape immune processes in multiple sclerosis,influencing the progression of the disease(Montgomery et al.,2024).展开更多
Framing photography provides a high temporal resolution and minimizes crosstalk between adjacent frames,making it an indispensable tool for recording ultrafast phenomena.To date,various ultrafast framing photography t...Framing photography provides a high temporal resolution and minimizes crosstalk between adjacent frames,making it an indispensable tool for recording ultrafast phenomena.To date,various ultrafast framing photography techniques have been developed.However,simultaneously achieving large sequence depth,high image quality,ultrashort exposure time,and flexible frame interval remains a significant challenge.Herein,we present a spatiotemporal shearing-based ultrafast framing photography,termed STS-UFP,designed to address this challenge.STS-UFP employs an adjustable ultrashort laser pulse train with a spectrum shuttle to illuminate the dynamic scenes for extracting the transient information and records discrete frames using a streak camera via spatiotemporal shearing.Based on its unique design,STS-UFP achieves high-quality ultrafast imaging with a sequence depth of up to 16 frames and frame intervals ranging from hundreds of picoseconds to nanoseconds,while maintaining an extremely short(picosecond)exposure time.The exceptional performance of STS-UFP is demonstrated through experimental observations of femtosecond laser-induced plasma and shockwave in water,femtosecond laser ablation in biological tissue,and femtosecond laser-induced shockwave on a silicon surface.Given its remarkable imaging capabilities,STS-UFP serves as a powerful tool for precisely observing ultrafast dynamics and holds significant potential for advancing studies of ultrafast phenomena.展开更多
Ultrahigh-speed imaging is an essential tool for capturing fast dynamic scenes across various fields.Despite the development of numerous technical strategies,achieving ultrahigh-speed imaging with high spatiotemporal ...Ultrahigh-speed imaging is an essential tool for capturing fast dynamic scenes across various fields.Despite the development of numerous technical strategies,achieving ultrahigh-speed imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution and substantial sequence depth remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we present a compressive ultrahigh-speed imaging technique based on acousto-optic frequency sweeping,termed AOFSCUSI.AOFS-CUSI employs light with rapidly time-varying spectra generated by acousto-optic modulation to illuminate dynamic scenes,records spatio-spectral information using snapshot compressive imaging,and ultimately reconstructs spatiotemporal information through time-spectrum mapping.This technique achieves a temporal resolution of 1.55 million frames per second,a spatial resolution of 228 lp/mm,and a sequence depth of 31 in a single shot.We experimentally validate the superior performance of AOFS-CUSI by capturing the rotation of an optical chopper,the movement of microspheres in a microchannel,and the femtosecondlaser-induced cavitation bubble dynamics.By eliminating the requirement for ultrafast laser sources and simultaneously extending the temporal window,AOFS-CUSI offers an excellent solution for recording and analyzing various fast dynamics,presenting significant potential for applications in both fundamental and applied research.展开更多
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings th...Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings the possibility to further improve the super-resolution imaging speed. Nevertheless, the recovery of the superresolution information from the compressed measurement remains challenging in experiments. Here, we report structured illumination microscopy with complementary encoding-based compressive imaging (CECI-SIM) to realize faster super-resolution imaging. Compared to the nine measurements to obtain a super-resolution image in a conventional SIM, CECI-SIM can achieve a super-resolution image by three measurements;therefore, a threefold improvement in the imaging speed can be achieved. This faster imaging ability in CECI-SIM is experimentally verified by observing tubulin and actin in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This work provides a feasible solution for high-speed super-resolution imaging, which would bring significant applications in biomedical research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundational of China(Key Program),No.U24A20692(to CJZ)the National Natural Science Foundational of China,Nos.82101414(to MLJ),82371355(to CJZ)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundational of China for Excellent Young Scholars,No.82022019(to CJZ)Sichuan Special Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.24NSFJQ0052(to CJZ)The Innovation and Entrepreneurial Team of Sichuan Tianfu Emei Program,No.CZ2024018(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital,No.30420230005(to CJZ)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,No.A1098531023601381(to CJZ)。
文摘The interleukin-17 family is the key group of cytokines and displays a broad spectrum of biological functions,including regulating the inflammatory cascade in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myasthenia gravis,Guillain–Barre syndrome,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,diabetes,inflammatory skin diseases,joint inflammation,and cancer.Although the function of the interleukin-17 family has attracted increasing research attention over many years,the expression,function,and regulation mechanisms of different interleukin-17 members are complicated and still only partially understood.Currently,the interleukin-17A pathway is considered a critical therapeutic target for numerous immune and chronic inflammatory diseases,with several monoclonal antibodies against interleukin-17A having been successfully used in clinical practice.Whether other interleukin-17 members have the potential to be targeted in other diseases is still debated.This review first summarizes the recent advancements in understanding the physicochemical properties,physiological functions,cellular origins,and downstream signaling pathways of different members and corresponding receptors of the interleukin-17 family.Subsequently,the function of interleukin-17 in various immune diseases is discussed,and the important role of interleukin-17 in the pathological process of immune diseases is demonstrated from multiple perspectives.Then,the current status of targeted interleukin-17 therapy is summarized,and the effectiveness and safety of targeted interleukin-17 therapy are analyzed.Finally,the clinical application prospects of targeting the interleukin-17 pathway are discussed.
文摘Objective:To investigate the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy with varying levels of serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies.Methods:A total of 137 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy admitted to Beijing Sixth Hospital were selected.Based on their blood PLA2R antibody levels before rituximab treatment,patients were categorized into the PLA2R antibody positive group(n=94)and the PLA2R antibody negative group(n=43).They were followed up for at least 1 year,during which the efficacy,measured through 24-hour urine protein quantification and serum albumin levels,were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:After 3 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in the quantitative levels of 24-hour urine protein between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after 6 and 12 months of treatment,there was a significant difference in the levels of 24-hour urine protein between the two groups(P<0.05).Additionally,after 3 months of treatment,there was a notable difference in the serum albumin levels between the two groups(P<0.05).However,after 6 and 12 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in serum albumin levels between the two groups(P>0.05).Analysis of complications in the two groups revealed that in the positive group,9 individuals experienced thrombosis,5 had infections,and 11 developed acute kidney injury(AKI).In contrast,in the negative group,5 individuals had thrombosis,2 had infections,and 3 developed AKI.There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Serum anti-PLA2R antibody levels provide valuable insights into the clinical observation of rituximab treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.They aid in understanding the disease’s pathogenesis,evaluating treatment efficacy,and predicting disease prognosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20692,82371355,82101414)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Excellent Young Scholars(82022019)+4 种基金Postdoctoral Fund of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital(2023BH30)Sichuan Special Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(24NSFJQ0052)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team of Sichuan Tianfu Emei Program(CZ2024018)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital(30420230005)Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(A1098531023601381)。
文摘Dear Editor,Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system,characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the myelin sheath(Ransohoff,2023;Ransohoff et al.,2015).Gut metabolites derived from the diet and microbiome can shape immune processes in multiple sclerosis,influencing the progression of the disease(Montgomery et al.,2024).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12325408,12274129,12274139,12374274,62175066,92150102,12474404,12304338,12471368,62475070)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Framing photography provides a high temporal resolution and minimizes crosstalk between adjacent frames,making it an indispensable tool for recording ultrafast phenomena.To date,various ultrafast framing photography techniques have been developed.However,simultaneously achieving large sequence depth,high image quality,ultrashort exposure time,and flexible frame interval remains a significant challenge.Herein,we present a spatiotemporal shearing-based ultrafast framing photography,termed STS-UFP,designed to address this challenge.STS-UFP employs an adjustable ultrashort laser pulse train with a spectrum shuttle to illuminate the dynamic scenes for extracting the transient information and records discrete frames using a streak camera via spatiotemporal shearing.Based on its unique design,STS-UFP achieves high-quality ultrafast imaging with a sequence depth of up to 16 frames and frame intervals ranging from hundreds of picoseconds to nanoseconds,while maintaining an extremely short(picosecond)exposure time.The exceptional performance of STS-UFP is demonstrated through experimental observations of femtosecond laser-induced plasma and shockwave in water,femtosecond laser ablation in biological tissue,and femtosecond laser-induced shockwave on a silicon surface.Given its remarkable imaging capabilities,STS-UFP serves as a powerful tool for precisely observing ultrafast dynamics and holds significant potential for advancing studies of ultrafast phenomena.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12325408,12274129,12374274,12274139,62175066,92150102,62475070,12474404,12471368)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2024AI01007)+1 种基金Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation(202504)Guangdong ST Program(2023B1212010008).
文摘Ultrahigh-speed imaging is an essential tool for capturing fast dynamic scenes across various fields.Despite the development of numerous technical strategies,achieving ultrahigh-speed imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution and substantial sequence depth remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we present a compressive ultrahigh-speed imaging technique based on acousto-optic frequency sweeping,termed AOFSCUSI.AOFS-CUSI employs light with rapidly time-varying spectra generated by acousto-optic modulation to illuminate dynamic scenes,records spatio-spectral information using snapshot compressive imaging,and ultimately reconstructs spatiotemporal information through time-spectrum mapping.This technique achieves a temporal resolution of 1.55 million frames per second,a spatial resolution of 228 lp/mm,and a sequence depth of 31 in a single shot.We experimentally validate the superior performance of AOFS-CUSI by capturing the rotation of an optical chopper,the movement of microspheres in a microchannel,and the femtosecondlaser-induced cavitation bubble dynamics.By eliminating the requirement for ultrafast laser sources and simultaneously extending the temporal window,AOFS-CUSI offers an excellent solution for recording and analyzing various fast dynamics,presenting significant potential for applications in both fundamental and applied research.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12034008, 12074121, 12274129, 12274139, 12304338,12325408, 12734274, 62105101, 62175066, 92150301)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (20ZR1417100, 21JM0010700, 21XD1400900)。
文摘Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings the possibility to further improve the super-resolution imaging speed. Nevertheless, the recovery of the superresolution information from the compressed measurement remains challenging in experiments. Here, we report structured illumination microscopy with complementary encoding-based compressive imaging (CECI-SIM) to realize faster super-resolution imaging. Compared to the nine measurements to obtain a super-resolution image in a conventional SIM, CECI-SIM can achieve a super-resolution image by three measurements;therefore, a threefold improvement in the imaging speed can be achieved. This faster imaging ability in CECI-SIM is experimentally verified by observing tubulin and actin in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This work provides a feasible solution for high-speed super-resolution imaging, which would bring significant applications in biomedical research.
