Inspection is the first of the four diagnoses.Skin inspection is not only an important part of the four diagnoses of Chinese medicine,but also the characteristic and essence of Chinese dermatology.The development of a...Inspection is the first of the four diagnoses.Skin inspection is not only an important part of the four diagnoses of Chinese medicine,but also the characteristic and essence of Chinese dermatology.The development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology provides an opportunity for the intelligent research of skin inspection in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).This study aims to review the application status of artificial intelligence in TCM skin inspection,and summarize the research progress of various artificial intelligence technologies in skin lesion differentiation,syndrome differentiation and location differentiation,and propose future directions for AI empowerment in TCM dermatology.Based on the basic theory of Chinese medicine and skin clinical thinking of Chinese medicine,this article puts forward the prospect of AI empowerment from the aspects of macro and micro combination,point and surface combination,mind-body combination and time-space combination.This study discusses the existing problems and challenges in the intersection of AI and TCM dermatology.The intersection of AI and TCM dermatological inspection is at the developmental stage.AI has broad application prospects within TCM dermatology,but it also faces numerous challenges.While AI offers opportunities to modernize TCM dermatology,challenges such as aligning AI with TCM’s holistic principles and ensuring clinical relevance remain.Further research integrates AI with TCM skin inspection methods,the intricate connotations and applications of TCM dermatological Inspection will be fully realized,thereby providing reference for the development of artificial intelligence to help TCM dermatology diagnosis and treatment technology.展开更多
目的:观察清肝凉血解毒方(QGLXJD)、凉血活血方(LXHX)对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠行为学及神经肽Y(NPY)表达的影响。方法:30只BALB/c雄性小鼠,剔除背部毛发,随机分为空白对照组(C)、模型组(M)、清肝凉血解毒方组(QG)、凉血活血方组(LX...目的:观察清肝凉血解毒方(QGLXJD)、凉血活血方(LXHX)对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠行为学及神经肽Y(NPY)表达的影响。方法:30只BALB/c雄性小鼠,剔除背部毛发,随机分为空白对照组(C)、模型组(M)、清肝凉血解毒方组(QG)、凉血活血方组(LX)和甲氨蝶呤组(MTX)。背部涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏(IMQ)诱导皮肤银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分,分别运用旷场及高架十字迷宫评价各组小鼠行为学差异,HE染色后光镜下测量表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损中T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3+及表皮中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达情况;采用实时PCR技术检测皮损中IL-23、IL-1β、IL-12 mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测皮损中NPY蛋白表达情况。结果:与C组相比,M组表皮厚度、PCNA、CD3+T细胞、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23 mRNA表达均增加(P<0.05);其余组与M组相比,表皮薄,PCNA、CD3+T细胞、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23 mRNA表达水平均降低(P<0.05)。与C组比较,银屑病样小鼠焦虑水平高,以M组最为明显;QG组与M组比较,焦虑水平低,而LX组与QG组比较,焦虑水平高;NPY在M组中表达最多,在LX、QG、C组表达依次减少。结论:清肝凉血解毒方能改善银屑病样小鼠的焦虑行为,下调NPY的表达水平,从整体角度改善小鼠银屑病样皮损。展开更多
目的:观察清肝凉血解毒汤对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法:72只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部刮毛,随机分为空白对照组(Control,C)、模型组(Model,M)、复方高、中、低剂量组(Q-H、Q-M、Q-L)和甲氨蝶呤组(MTX),5%咪喹莫特乳膏(I...目的:观察清肝凉血解毒汤对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法:72只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部刮毛,随机分为空白对照组(Control,C)、模型组(Model,M)、复方高、中、低剂量组(Q-H、Q-M、Q-L)和甲氨蝶呤组(MTX),5%咪喹莫特乳膏(IMQ)背部涂抹诱导皮肤银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分,光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3表达情况;免疫荧光法检测皮损中CD11c+树突状细胞、CGRP、NK1R表达情况;采用实时PCR技术检测皮损中IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23mRNA表达水平;Western Blot法检测皮损中NPY、SP蛋白表达情况。结果:M组小鼠皮损上鳞屑厚,浸润明显,红斑重;其余各组皮损均较M组轻。与C组相比,M组表皮厚度、PCNA、CD^+_3 T细胞及CD11c+细胞均明显增多(P<0.01);复方各剂量组与M组相比,表皮薄,PCNA、CD^+_3及CD11c+细胞表达个数均明显减少。M组与C组相比,CGRP、NK-1R、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23mRNA表达均上调(P<0.05),而余组与M组相比,上述指标的表达均明显下调(P<0.05)。与C组相比,M组小鼠皮损中NPY的表达增高(P<0.05),MTX、Q-M、Q-L组表达量较M组低(P<0.05);M、MTX、Q-M、Q-L组皮损中SP的表达均呈增高趋势,但组间相比无统计学差异。结论:清肝凉血解毒汤可通过下调NK-1R、NPY、CGRP的表达水平改善小鼠银屑病样皮损,降低表皮细胞的异常增殖、减轻炎症细胞的浸润,减少皮肤中CD11c+树突状细胞数量,下调IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23细胞因子的表达水平。展开更多
目的:建立脾虚银屑病样小鼠模型,观察健脾养血解毒方对其银屑病样皮损的干预作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:首先采用苦寒泻下结合营养限制法建立脾虚小鼠模型,持续15 d后检测验证,将脾虚小鼠随机分为单纯脾虚组(脾虚-Ctr)、脾虚银屑病样...目的:建立脾虚银屑病样小鼠模型,观察健脾养血解毒方对其银屑病样皮损的干预作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:首先采用苦寒泻下结合营养限制法建立脾虚小鼠模型,持续15 d后检测验证,将脾虚小鼠随机分为单纯脾虚组(脾虚-Ctr)、脾虚银屑病样组(脾虚-IMQ)、阳性对照组(脾虚-MTX)和健脾养血解毒方高、中、低剂量组(JPYXJD-H,M,L),采用咪喹莫特诱导-银屑病样模型。观察各组小鼠皮损面积和疾病严重程度(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI),每日拍照记录;治疗后第6天取材,计算脾脏及淋巴结指数;光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮层厚度;免疫组织化学法检测皮损中PCNA和CD3的表达;流式细胞术检测小鼠淋巴结中Treg和Th17细胞数量;RT-PCR技术检测皮损中IL-17A、IL-23、FOXP3、ROR-γt等相关基因表达水平;采用Western Blotting法检测pSTAT3、PPAR-γ通路蛋白表达水平。结果:(1)与对照组小鼠相比,脾虚组表观指征异常明显,血清中D-木糖含量明显降低(P<0.05)。(2)与脾虚-Ctr组相比,脾虚-IMQ组小鼠皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度明显增加,皮损部位PCNA、CD3阳性个数显著增多,IL-17、IL-23、ROR-γt和IFN-γ等炎症因子的表达明显升高,pSTAT蛋白表达升高而PPAR-γ蛋白表达降低的趋势明显。JPYXJD-H、M、L组与其相比各项指标均有不同程度改善,其中以JPYXJD-L组最为显著。结论:健脾养血解毒方在传统理血解毒的基础上强调健脾治法,并依此增加健脾药的使用,从而发挥对脾虚证-银屑病复合模型小鼠皮损的干预作用,通过PPAR-γ/pSTAT3通路调节Treg/Th17之间的免疫平衡可能是其有效作用机制之一。展开更多
目的观察搜风顺气丸对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法40只雄性BALB/c小鼠,背部备皮后,采用数字表法随机分为空白对照组、模型组、搜风顺气丸组和甲氨蝶呤组,背部涂抹5%(质量分数)咪喹莫特乳膏诱导银屑病样模型。采用...目的观察搜风顺气丸对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法40只雄性BALB/c小鼠,背部备皮后,采用数字表法随机分为空白对照组、模型组、搜风顺气丸组和甲氨蝶呤组,背部涂抹5%(质量分数)咪喹莫特乳膏诱导银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度评分(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)标准进行评分,测量表皮层厚度,记录形态学变化;免疫荧光染色观察小鼠皮损中Ki-67的表达;免疫组织化学检测皮损CD3+T淋巴细胞的表达;流式细胞术检测胸腺及双侧腹股沟淋巴结CD3+T细胞中CD4+、CD8+、γδT+及RORγt+γδT+细胞比例;Western blotting法检测小鼠皮损中磷酸化信号转导与转录激活因子3(phosphorylated-signal transduction and activators of transcription 3,p-STAT3)蛋白的表达水平。结果与模型组相比,搜风顺气丸组小鼠皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度均明显降低、脾指数(P<0.01),胸腺指数及淋巴结指数(P<0.01)均明显低于模型组、Ki-67阳性细胞表达个数减少(P<0.01);真皮CD3+T细胞表达均低于模型组(P<0.01);双侧腹股沟淋巴结及胸腺CD3+T细胞中CD4+T细胞比例差异无统计学意义,但γδT+及RORγt+γδT+细胞比例均明显减少;并且搜风顺气丸组小鼠皮损中p-STAT3表达下降(P<0.01)。结论搜风顺气丸可能通过抑制RORγt的表达作用,从而减少IL-17A的分泌,改善皮损,表明搜风顺气丸对炎性因子的抑制作用可能是其治疗银屑病的机制之一。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for primary Raynaud's phenomenon(PRP).METHODS:The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,PubMed,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chi...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for primary Raynaud's phenomenon(PRP).METHODS:The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,PubMed,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and Wanfang Database were searched up to February 13,2018.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on treatment of PRP with Chinese herbal medicine compared with placebo,blank control,lifestyle changes,or calcium antagonists were identified and reviewed.The quality of included trials was assessed using a risk of bias tool.RESULTS:Eight RCTs involving 674 participants were included.The methodological quality of the included trials was generally poor.Meta-analysis of two trials showed that Buyang Huanwu Tang plus Danggui Sini Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine.One trial showed that Danggui Sini Tang and a self-composed Chinese herbal medicine decoction,respectively,produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine alone.In one trial,modified Danggui Sini Tang showed greater improvement in global symptoms and arterial peak systolic velocity compared with nifedipine.One trial showed that Jiejing Tongmi Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms,plasma endothelin,and plasma nitric oxide than cinepazide maleate injection.However,Jiejing Tongmi Tang did not produce a significant difference in skin temperature and peripheral artery blood stream drawing after cold pressor testing compared with cinepazide maleate injection.None of the trials reported frequency of attacks,duration of attacks,participant preference scores,or adverse events.CONCLUSION:Chinese herbal medicine may have a positive effective on PRP.However,owing to weak methodology,the benefits of Chinese herbal medicine for PRP are inconclusive.More rigorously designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.展开更多
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2022-2-1161).
文摘Inspection is the first of the four diagnoses.Skin inspection is not only an important part of the four diagnoses of Chinese medicine,but also the characteristic and essence of Chinese dermatology.The development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology provides an opportunity for the intelligent research of skin inspection in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).This study aims to review the application status of artificial intelligence in TCM skin inspection,and summarize the research progress of various artificial intelligence technologies in skin lesion differentiation,syndrome differentiation and location differentiation,and propose future directions for AI empowerment in TCM dermatology.Based on the basic theory of Chinese medicine and skin clinical thinking of Chinese medicine,this article puts forward the prospect of AI empowerment from the aspects of macro and micro combination,point and surface combination,mind-body combination and time-space combination.This study discusses the existing problems and challenges in the intersection of AI and TCM dermatology.The intersection of AI and TCM dermatological inspection is at the developmental stage.AI has broad application prospects within TCM dermatology,but it also faces numerous challenges.While AI offers opportunities to modernize TCM dermatology,challenges such as aligning AI with TCM’s holistic principles and ensuring clinical relevance remain.Further research integrates AI with TCM skin inspection methods,the intricate connotations and applications of TCM dermatological Inspection will be fully realized,thereby providing reference for the development of artificial intelligence to help TCM dermatology diagnosis and treatment technology.
文摘目的:观察清肝凉血解毒方(QGLXJD)、凉血活血方(LXHX)对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠行为学及神经肽Y(NPY)表达的影响。方法:30只BALB/c雄性小鼠,剔除背部毛发,随机分为空白对照组(C)、模型组(M)、清肝凉血解毒方组(QG)、凉血活血方组(LX)和甲氨蝶呤组(MTX)。背部涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏(IMQ)诱导皮肤银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分,分别运用旷场及高架十字迷宫评价各组小鼠行为学差异,HE染色后光镜下测量表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损中T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3+及表皮中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达情况;采用实时PCR技术检测皮损中IL-23、IL-1β、IL-12 mRNA表达水平;Western blot法检测皮损中NPY蛋白表达情况。结果:与C组相比,M组表皮厚度、PCNA、CD3+T细胞、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23 mRNA表达均增加(P<0.05);其余组与M组相比,表皮薄,PCNA、CD3+T细胞、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23 mRNA表达水平均降低(P<0.05)。与C组比较,银屑病样小鼠焦虑水平高,以M组最为明显;QG组与M组比较,焦虑水平低,而LX组与QG组比较,焦虑水平高;NPY在M组中表达最多,在LX、QG、C组表达依次减少。结论:清肝凉血解毒方能改善银屑病样小鼠的焦虑行为,下调NPY的表达水平,从整体角度改善小鼠银屑病样皮损。
文摘目的:观察清肝凉血解毒汤对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法:72只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部刮毛,随机分为空白对照组(Control,C)、模型组(Model,M)、复方高、中、低剂量组(Q-H、Q-M、Q-L)和甲氨蝶呤组(MTX),5%咪喹莫特乳膏(IMQ)背部涂抹诱导皮肤银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分,光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3表达情况;免疫荧光法检测皮损中CD11c+树突状细胞、CGRP、NK1R表达情况;采用实时PCR技术检测皮损中IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23mRNA表达水平;Western Blot法检测皮损中NPY、SP蛋白表达情况。结果:M组小鼠皮损上鳞屑厚,浸润明显,红斑重;其余各组皮损均较M组轻。与C组相比,M组表皮厚度、PCNA、CD^+_3 T细胞及CD11c+细胞均明显增多(P<0.01);复方各剂量组与M组相比,表皮薄,PCNA、CD^+_3及CD11c+细胞表达个数均明显减少。M组与C组相比,CGRP、NK-1R、IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23mRNA表达均上调(P<0.05),而余组与M组相比,上述指标的表达均明显下调(P<0.05)。与C组相比,M组小鼠皮损中NPY的表达增高(P<0.05),MTX、Q-M、Q-L组表达量较M组低(P<0.05);M、MTX、Q-M、Q-L组皮损中SP的表达均呈增高趋势,但组间相比无统计学差异。结论:清肝凉血解毒汤可通过下调NK-1R、NPY、CGRP的表达水平改善小鼠银屑病样皮损,降低表皮细胞的异常增殖、减轻炎症细胞的浸润,减少皮肤中CD11c+树突状细胞数量,下调IL-1β、IL-12、IL-23细胞因子的表达水平。
文摘目的:建立脾虚银屑病样小鼠模型,观察健脾养血解毒方对其银屑病样皮损的干预作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法:首先采用苦寒泻下结合营养限制法建立脾虚小鼠模型,持续15 d后检测验证,将脾虚小鼠随机分为单纯脾虚组(脾虚-Ctr)、脾虚银屑病样组(脾虚-IMQ)、阳性对照组(脾虚-MTX)和健脾养血解毒方高、中、低剂量组(JPYXJD-H,M,L),采用咪喹莫特诱导-银屑病样模型。观察各组小鼠皮损面积和疾病严重程度(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI),每日拍照记录;治疗后第6天取材,计算脾脏及淋巴结指数;光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮层厚度;免疫组织化学法检测皮损中PCNA和CD3的表达;流式细胞术检测小鼠淋巴结中Treg和Th17细胞数量;RT-PCR技术检测皮损中IL-17A、IL-23、FOXP3、ROR-γt等相关基因表达水平;采用Western Blotting法检测pSTAT3、PPAR-γ通路蛋白表达水平。结果:(1)与对照组小鼠相比,脾虚组表观指征异常明显,血清中D-木糖含量明显降低(P<0.05)。(2)与脾虚-Ctr组相比,脾虚-IMQ组小鼠皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度明显增加,皮损部位PCNA、CD3阳性个数显著增多,IL-17、IL-23、ROR-γt和IFN-γ等炎症因子的表达明显升高,pSTAT蛋白表达升高而PPAR-γ蛋白表达降低的趋势明显。JPYXJD-H、M、L组与其相比各项指标均有不同程度改善,其中以JPYXJD-L组最为显著。结论:健脾养血解毒方在传统理血解毒的基础上强调健脾治法,并依此增加健脾药的使用,从而发挥对脾虚证-银屑病复合模型小鼠皮损的干预作用,通过PPAR-γ/pSTAT3通路调节Treg/Th17之间的免疫平衡可能是其有效作用机制之一。
文摘目的观察凉血解毒汤与凉血汤对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响,并探讨配伍解毒药在银屑病中的作用机制。方法 BALB/c小鼠55只,背部剃毛,采用数字表法随机分为空白对照组、模型组、凉血汤组、凉血解毒汤组和甲氨蝶呤组,采用5%(质量分数)咪喹莫特乳膏背部涂抹诱导皮肤银屑病样模型。观察皮损面积和疾病严重程度(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)并评分,光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮层厚度;采用皮肤水分油分测试笔检测小鼠背部皮肤水分和油分含量;采用免疫组织化学染色法观察小鼠皮损中增生细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3表达;采用RT-PCR技术检测皮损中白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)、IL-23及IL-1βmRNA表达。结果与模型组相比,凉血解毒汤和凉血汤组小鼠皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度均明显降低、PCNA阳性细胞百分比下降、CD3阳性T细胞表达个数减少、IL-1βmRNA相对表达量相对下降(P<0.05);此外凉血解毒汤还可使小鼠皮损中水分(16.980±2.739)、油分(7.750±1.209)含量有效升高(P<0.05),IL-17、IL-23 mRNA相对表达量明显下降(P<0.05),对皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度、PCNA阳性细胞百分比(5.66±0.057)和CD3阳性T细胞表达个数(10.670±0.193)的影响也更为显著(P<0.01)。结论凉血解毒汤与凉血汤均可抑制IL-1βmRNA的表达,减少炎性浸润,改善咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样炎性反应皮损;而配伍解毒药的凉血解毒汤,则可进一步通过抑制IL-23、IL-17的表达,提升其在改善皮肤屏障功能及皮损组织形态变化、减缓表皮角质形成细胞增生、减少角化不全细胞及降低炎性反应浸润程度等方面的干预作用,从而缓解咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样皮损改变,提示解毒中药对炎性反应及相关因子的抑制作用可能是其治疗银屑病的潜在机制之一。
文摘目的观察搜风顺气丸对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损的影响。方法40只雄性BALB/c小鼠,背部备皮后,采用数字表法随机分为空白对照组、模型组、搜风顺气丸组和甲氨蝶呤组,背部涂抹5%(质量分数)咪喹莫特乳膏诱导银屑病样模型。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度评分(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)标准进行评分,测量表皮层厚度,记录形态学变化;免疫荧光染色观察小鼠皮损中Ki-67的表达;免疫组织化学检测皮损CD3+T淋巴细胞的表达;流式细胞术检测胸腺及双侧腹股沟淋巴结CD3+T细胞中CD4+、CD8+、γδT+及RORγt+γδT+细胞比例;Western blotting法检测小鼠皮损中磷酸化信号转导与转录激活因子3(phosphorylated-signal transduction and activators of transcription 3,p-STAT3)蛋白的表达水平。结果与模型组相比,搜风顺气丸组小鼠皮损PASI评分及表皮厚度均明显降低、脾指数(P<0.01),胸腺指数及淋巴结指数(P<0.01)均明显低于模型组、Ki-67阳性细胞表达个数减少(P<0.01);真皮CD3+T细胞表达均低于模型组(P<0.01);双侧腹股沟淋巴结及胸腺CD3+T细胞中CD4+T细胞比例差异无统计学意义,但γδT+及RORγt+γδT+细胞比例均明显减少;并且搜风顺气丸组小鼠皮损中p-STAT3表达下降(P<0.01)。结论搜风顺气丸可能通过抑制RORγt的表达作用,从而减少IL-17A的分泌,改善皮损,表明搜风顺气丸对炎性因子的抑制作用可能是其治疗银屑病的机制之一。
基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7184216)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81804093)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for primary Raynaud's phenomenon(PRP).METHODS:The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,PubMed,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and Wanfang Database were searched up to February 13,2018.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on treatment of PRP with Chinese herbal medicine compared with placebo,blank control,lifestyle changes,or calcium antagonists were identified and reviewed.The quality of included trials was assessed using a risk of bias tool.RESULTS:Eight RCTs involving 674 participants were included.The methodological quality of the included trials was generally poor.Meta-analysis of two trials showed that Buyang Huanwu Tang plus Danggui Sini Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine.One trial showed that Danggui Sini Tang and a self-composed Chinese herbal medicine decoction,respectively,produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine alone.In one trial,modified Danggui Sini Tang showed greater improvement in global symptoms and arterial peak systolic velocity compared with nifedipine.One trial showed that Jiejing Tongmi Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms,plasma endothelin,and plasma nitric oxide than cinepazide maleate injection.However,Jiejing Tongmi Tang did not produce a significant difference in skin temperature and peripheral artery blood stream drawing after cold pressor testing compared with cinepazide maleate injection.None of the trials reported frequency of attacks,duration of attacks,participant preference scores,or adverse events.CONCLUSION:Chinese herbal medicine may have a positive effective on PRP.However,owing to weak methodology,the benefits of Chinese herbal medicine for PRP are inconclusive.More rigorously designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.
