In recent years,photocatalytic N_(2) reduction for ammonia synthesis at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has gradually become a research hotspot,exhibiting extremely high development potential.However,the low...In recent years,photocatalytic N_(2) reduction for ammonia synthesis at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has gradually become a research hotspot,exhibiting extremely high development potential.However,the low photogenerated charge separation efficiency and the lack of effective active sites seriously constrain the reaction efficiencies of semiconductor photocatalysts for N_(2) reduction of ammonia synthesis.Therefore,the rational design of catalytic materials is the key to enhance the photocatalytic N_(2) reduction reaction of ammonia synthesis.Transition metal Ru as the active center not only accelerates the adsorption and activation of N_(2) molecules,but also has good selectivity for N_(2) reduction.Moreover,the interaction between the metal and the support can effectively regulate the electronic structure of the active site,accelerate the photogenerated electron transfer,and significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity.Based on this,this review systematically investigates the Ru co-semiconductors to realize efficient photocatalytic N_(2) reduction for ammonia synthesis,and introduces its basic principles.Specifically,the Ru co-semiconductor photocatalytic material systems are introduced,such as TiO2-based,g-C3N4-based,and metal oxide materials,including the design of catalysts,crystal structures,and other characteristics.In addition,the modification strategies of photocatalytic N_(2) reduction ammonia synthesis materials are also presented,including loading/doping,defect engineering,construction of heterojunctions,and crystal surface modulation.Furthermore,the progress and shortcomings of the application of Ru co-semiconductors in these processes are summarized and comprehensively discussed,and the future outlook of Ru co-semiconductors in photocatalytic N_(2) reduction ammonia synthesis applications is proposed.展开更多
苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封...苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封闭不良钻孔的涌水量、水压、充水水源等特征进行分析,首次在深隐伏铁矿床中提出了孔底点注浆、分段泄压注浆、截水墙注浆止水3种井下注浆止水技术,建立了隐伏铁矿床封闭不良钻孔井下注浆止水体系,并取得了较好的止水效果,对类似矿山的封闭不良钻孔的止水工作具有重要指导意义。展开更多
针对空间分辨率比率较大尺度差异下的高分五号(GF-5)与高分一号(GF-1)卫星影像的空—谱融合问题,提出多传感器影像融合策略:一方面,通过现有空—谱融合方法的分步融合得到融合影像;另一方面,在分步融合理论基础上,推导得出一体化融合基...针对空间分辨率比率较大尺度差异下的高分五号(GF-5)与高分一号(GF-1)卫星影像的空—谱融合问题,提出多传感器影像融合策略:一方面,通过现有空—谱融合方法的分步融合得到融合影像;另一方面,在分步融合理论基础上,推导得出一体化融合基础框架,并进一步提出基于多分辨率分析的多传感器一体化融合方法,缓解现有方法因空间分辨率比率过大导致影像空、谱互补信息难以有效集成的问题。其中,提出的一体化融合方法基于调制传递函数MTF(Modulation Transfer Function)滤波对多传感器影像空间(高频)和光谱(低频)分量进行分解提取,并充分考虑多传感器高空间分辨率影像与高光谱分辨率影像之间的关系,以及高光谱分辨率影像波段间关系,设计合理的融合权重,最终可得到具有最高空间分辨率和最高光谱分辨率的融合影像。通过GF-1全色影像、GF-1多光谱影像、GF-5高光谱影像数据对提出方法进行实验验证,结果表明:本文方法可有效集成多传感器影像间的空、谱互补信息,得到较优融合结果。展开更多
浊沸石是准噶尔盆地二叠系砂砾岩储层常见的胶结物,成岩成储作用复杂。以玛湖凹陷东斜坡下乌尔禾组为例,分析岩心、铸体薄片资料,采用X线衍射、电子探针能谱及RT—DEN联合约束反演等方法,构建含浊沸石砂砾岩储层测井定量识别图版,优选...浊沸石是准噶尔盆地二叠系砂砾岩储层常见的胶结物,成岩成储作用复杂。以玛湖凹陷东斜坡下乌尔禾组为例,分析岩心、铸体薄片资料,采用X线衍射、电子探针能谱及RT—DEN联合约束反演等方法,构建含浊沸石砂砾岩储层测井定量识别图版,优选浊沸石溶孔砂砾岩储层油气富集区。结果表明:对于更靠近研究区湖盆中心的P 2 w 31油层,规模浊沸石溶孔储层的发育程度及油气富集条件更佳。含浊沸石砂砾岩储层预测标准为电阻率不小于20.0Ω·m,密度不大于2.46 g/cm^3,按照“垂向上,累计含浊沸石砂砾岩储层厚度大于6 m;平面上,单块面积大于40 km 2;含浊沸石砂砾岩储层厚度—主成藏期古鼻凸—通源断裂综合配置佳”的约束原则,P 2 w 31油层优选规模浊沸石溶孔油气富集区块4个、总面积201 km 2。其中,B、C区块为Ⅰ类潜在油气富集区;A区块西侧低井控区及D区块为Ⅱ类潜在油气富集区。该结果为玛湖凹陷斜坡区及其他盆地浊沸石溶孔储层定量预测提供借鉴。展开更多
基金supported by Taishan Scholars Foundation of Shandong province(tsqn 201909058)。
文摘In recent years,photocatalytic N_(2) reduction for ammonia synthesis at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has gradually become a research hotspot,exhibiting extremely high development potential.However,the low photogenerated charge separation efficiency and the lack of effective active sites seriously constrain the reaction efficiencies of semiconductor photocatalysts for N_(2) reduction of ammonia synthesis.Therefore,the rational design of catalytic materials is the key to enhance the photocatalytic N_(2) reduction reaction of ammonia synthesis.Transition metal Ru as the active center not only accelerates the adsorption and activation of N_(2) molecules,but also has good selectivity for N_(2) reduction.Moreover,the interaction between the metal and the support can effectively regulate the electronic structure of the active site,accelerate the photogenerated electron transfer,and significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity.Based on this,this review systematically investigates the Ru co-semiconductors to realize efficient photocatalytic N_(2) reduction for ammonia synthesis,and introduces its basic principles.Specifically,the Ru co-semiconductor photocatalytic material systems are introduced,such as TiO2-based,g-C3N4-based,and metal oxide materials,including the design of catalysts,crystal structures,and other characteristics.In addition,the modification strategies of photocatalytic N_(2) reduction ammonia synthesis materials are also presented,including loading/doping,defect engineering,construction of heterojunctions,and crystal surface modulation.Furthermore,the progress and shortcomings of the application of Ru co-semiconductors in these processes are summarized and comprehensively discussed,and the future outlook of Ru co-semiconductors in photocatalytic N_(2) reduction ammonia synthesis applications is proposed.
文摘苍绎铁矿带会宝岭铁矿床为大型隐伏沉积变质岩型铁矿床,矿山涌水量大、排水成本高,且对矿山安全生产构成了威胁。治水前,矿山正常涌水量约530 m 3/h,其中已探明的封闭不良钻孔涌水量163.5 m 3/h,占矿山涌水的重要组成部分。本文针对封闭不良钻孔的涌水量、水压、充水水源等特征进行分析,首次在深隐伏铁矿床中提出了孔底点注浆、分段泄压注浆、截水墙注浆止水3种井下注浆止水技术,建立了隐伏铁矿床封闭不良钻孔井下注浆止水体系,并取得了较好的止水效果,对类似矿山的封闭不良钻孔的止水工作具有重要指导意义。
文摘针对空间分辨率比率较大尺度差异下的高分五号(GF-5)与高分一号(GF-1)卫星影像的空—谱融合问题,提出多传感器影像融合策略:一方面,通过现有空—谱融合方法的分步融合得到融合影像;另一方面,在分步融合理论基础上,推导得出一体化融合基础框架,并进一步提出基于多分辨率分析的多传感器一体化融合方法,缓解现有方法因空间分辨率比率过大导致影像空、谱互补信息难以有效集成的问题。其中,提出的一体化融合方法基于调制传递函数MTF(Modulation Transfer Function)滤波对多传感器影像空间(高频)和光谱(低频)分量进行分解提取,并充分考虑多传感器高空间分辨率影像与高光谱分辨率影像之间的关系,以及高光谱分辨率影像波段间关系,设计合理的融合权重,最终可得到具有最高空间分辨率和最高光谱分辨率的融合影像。通过GF-1全色影像、GF-1多光谱影像、GF-5高光谱影像数据对提出方法进行实验验证,结果表明:本文方法可有效集成多传感器影像间的空、谱互补信息,得到较优融合结果。
文摘浊沸石是准噶尔盆地二叠系砂砾岩储层常见的胶结物,成岩成储作用复杂。以玛湖凹陷东斜坡下乌尔禾组为例,分析岩心、铸体薄片资料,采用X线衍射、电子探针能谱及RT—DEN联合约束反演等方法,构建含浊沸石砂砾岩储层测井定量识别图版,优选浊沸石溶孔砂砾岩储层油气富集区。结果表明:对于更靠近研究区湖盆中心的P 2 w 31油层,规模浊沸石溶孔储层的发育程度及油气富集条件更佳。含浊沸石砂砾岩储层预测标准为电阻率不小于20.0Ω·m,密度不大于2.46 g/cm^3,按照“垂向上,累计含浊沸石砂砾岩储层厚度大于6 m;平面上,单块面积大于40 km 2;含浊沸石砂砾岩储层厚度—主成藏期古鼻凸—通源断裂综合配置佳”的约束原则,P 2 w 31油层优选规模浊沸石溶孔油气富集区块4个、总面积201 km 2。其中,B、C区块为Ⅰ类潜在油气富集区;A区块西侧低井控区及D区块为Ⅱ类潜在油气富集区。该结果为玛湖凹陷斜坡区及其他盆地浊沸石溶孔储层定量预测提供借鉴。
