BACKGROUND Plantamajoside(PMS)has shown potential in mitigating cell damage caused by high glucose(HG)levels.Despite this,the precise therapeutic effects of PMS on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the underlying regu...BACKGROUND Plantamajoside(PMS)has shown potential in mitigating cell damage caused by high glucose(HG)levels.Despite this,the precise therapeutic effects of PMS on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the underlying regulatory mechanisms require further exploration.AIM To investigate PMS therapeutic effects on T2DM in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action through in vivo and in vitro experiments.METHODS An in vitro damage model of MIN6 cells was established using HG and palmitic acid(PA).PMS's protective effect on cell damage was assessed.Next,transcriptomics was employed to examine how PMS treatment affects gene expression of MIN6 cells.Furthermore,the effect of PMS on protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis pathways was validated.A T2DM mouse model was used to validate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of PMS in vivo.RESULTS PMS intervention ameliorated cell injury in HG+PA-induced MIN6 cell damage.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis pathways were enriched in cells treated with PMS,with significant downregulation of the gene Dnajc1.Further validation indicated that PMS significantly inhibited the expression of apoptosis-related factors(Bax,CytC)and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related factors[ATF6,XBP1,Ddit3(CHOP),GRP78],while promoting the expression of Bcl-2 and Dnajc1.Additionally,the inhibitory effects of PMS on ERS and apoptosis were abolished upon Dnajc1 silencing.Furthermore,in vivo experiments demonstrated that PMS intervention effectively improved pancreatic damage,suppressed the expression of apoptosis-related factors(Bax,CytC),and ERS-related factors[ATF6,XBP1,Ddit3(CHOP),GRP78],while promoting the expression of Bcl-2 and Dnajc1 in a T2DM model mice.CONCLUSION PMS intervention could alleviate pancreatic tissue damage effectively.The mechanism of action involves Dnajc1 activation,which subsequently inhibits apoptosis and ERS,ameliorating damage to pancreaticβ-cells.展开更多
Rational design of composite catalysts with efficient charge separation and transfer is of great significance to achieve efficient degradation of pollutants.Herein,CuInS_(2)nanoparticles are skillfully deposited on Ti...Rational design of composite catalysts with efficient charge separation and transfer is of great significance to achieve efficient degradation of pollutants.Herein,CuInS_(2)nanoparticles are skillfully deposited on TiO_(2)nanofibers through a hydrothermal method.The formation of S-scheme heterojunction is confirmed through free radical trapping experiments,in‐situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)measurements,density functional theory(DFT)calculations and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy(fs-TAS)results.These results reveal that the built-in electric field within the S-scheme heterojunction significantly enhances charge separation and transfer,boosting the catalyst's redox capabilities.The TiO_(2)/CuInS_(2)photocatalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic performance,achieving a degradation rate of 89%within 21 min of light irradiation,which is almost 2.2 times higher than that of TiO_(2).Additionally,the degradation products of TCH are investigated using in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC-MS),offering insights into the degradation pathway.This study highlights the potential advantage of ultrafast charge carrier transfer in S-scheme heterojunction,providing a promising strategy for designing high-efficiency photocatalytic systems for environmental remediation.The findings offer new directions for improving the degradation of persistent pollutants like tetracyclines.展开更多
The microstructural evolution,phase stability,and mechanical properties of Al-Li-Mg-Ti-M(M=Zn,Zr,V)lightweight high-entropy alloys(LW-HEAs)were investigated.The LW-HEAs with three components,Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)-Ti_(...The microstructural evolution,phase stability,and mechanical properties of Al-Li-Mg-Ti-M(M=Zn,Zr,V)lightweight high-entropy alloys(LW-HEAs)were investigated.The LW-HEAs with three components,Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)-Ti_(40)Zn_(10)(#Zn),Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)Ti_(30)Zr_(20)(#Zr),and Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)Ti_(30)V_(20)(#V),were designed according to the thermo-dynamic design criteria of HEA,and prepared via a combination process of mechanical alloying and cold-press sintering.The effects of alloy composition and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the LW-HEAs were studied.The results show that the as-milled Al-Li-Mg-Ti-M(M=Zn,Zr,V)LW-HEAs form a simple structure with HCP-type solid solution as the primary phase,a dual-HCP type solid solution phase,and a BCC phase,respectively.After cold-press sintering,the#Zn and#V alloys undergo obvious phase transformation;while the#Zr alloy with dual-HCP phases exhibits the best phase stability during heat treatment.The#V-750°C alloy demonstrates the maximum hardness and specific strength of HV 595.2 and 625 MPa∙cm3/g,respectively,under the combined effect of solid solution strengthening of BCC phase and precipitation strengthening ofβ-AlTi_(3).Moreover,the#Zr-650°C,#Zr-750°C,and#Zn-650°C alloys are expected to have excellent plasticity.展开更多
Surface-adhering biofilms contribute significantly to irreversible biofouling and corrosion,presenting a multi-trillion-dollar annual problem in public health and industry.Strategies employing antibacterial elements a...Surface-adhering biofilms contribute significantly to irreversible biofouling and corrosion,presenting a multi-trillion-dollar annual problem in public health and industry.Strategies employing antibacterial elements are emerging to fabricate multifunctional coatings that effectively combat such microbially produced damage.However,rapid,reliable,and robust surface engineering remains challenging due to stability limitations and intricate anti-biofilm additive dynamics.Herein,a silver-capsule-conjugated polyurethane coating with high stability and antimicrobial efficacy in a cooperative manner is developed through controlled supramolecular self-assembly.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)-mediated molecule entanglement breaks through the incompatibility between polymeric components and nanomaterials,strengthening the dispersion and fixation of encapsulated silver nanoparticles.The facilitation and control of the nanoscale interfacial binding significantly suppresses the aggregation of inorganic nanoparticles and consequent microcracks development,giving rise to mechanical robustness and thermal stability of the hybrid coating under extreme conditions.A synergistic combination of exposed residues,electrostatic,and coordination interactions could readily integrate the resultant coating on virtually arbitrary material sur-faces.This composite coating exhibits broad-spectrum and high bactericidal efficiencies of 99.99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,as well as excellent biofilm formation suppression.Moreover,our coating has robust resistance to microbial-influenced corrosion(MIC)and can even endure 720 h of salt spray.This study deciphers a general code for creating stable and durable nanohybrid coatings to mitigate microbially related risks.展开更多
The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior and texture formation mechanism in an AZ31 magnesium alloy wheel hub during the spinning process were investigated.Analysis using optical microscopy,electron backscatter diff...The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior and texture formation mechanism in an AZ31 magnesium alloy wheel hub during the spinning process were investigated.Analysis using optical microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and finite element simulation revealed that continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)and grain boundary bulging occurred simultaneously throughout the spinning process,leading to an increased proportion of DRXed grain areas.The newly formed DRXed grains largely retained the orientations of their deformed parent grains.The spinning process had two stages:initially,deformation was driven by basalslip as the roller contacted the alloy and descended to its lowest point.In the later stage,pyramidal<c+a>slips became predominant as additional force was applied along the spinning direction(SD),forming a final texture with the c-axis tilting±15°towards the SD.This texture development led to discernible anisotropy in tensile properties along the SD and the tangential direction(TD).展开更多
Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor...Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor targeting,and spontaneous antiviral immune response of the body,which seriously limits the clinical application of OVs.Herein,we proposed a tumor targeting strategy of tumor cell membrane biomimetic liposomes to encapsulate OVs for intravenous delivery,which enables OVs to target the homotypic tumor lesions and exert their oncolytic effect.On the one hand,this cell membrane biomimetic carrier enhanced the encapsulation of OVs by the hybrid lipid membranes,concealed the viral capsid proteins,and diminished the neutralization and clearance of the virions from the bloodstream.On the other hand,enhanced tumor targeted delivery can be achieved through the utilization of homologous adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cell membrane.In addition,this strategy also promoted the tumor infiltration of CD4^(+),CD8^(+)T cells mediated by the oncolytic effect of OVs and increased the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the tumor,thereby effectively enhancing the anti-tumor effect of intravenous administration of OVs.The findings of our study demonstrate that T-L@Ad11 offers a handy and efficient approach for targeting tumors,thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of intravenous administration of OVs.展开更多
Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zeal...Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zealand,SSEs frequently occur alongside seismic activity,especially in the Manawatu and Kapiti regions.This study analyzes the 2021-2023 Kapiti-Manawatu long-term SSE using daily displacement data(2019-2023)from 53 GPS stations.The network inversion filter(NIF)method is applied to extract slow slip signals,revealing spatial migration with alternating slip between Kapiti and Manawatu,characterized by distinct phases of acceleration and deceleration.Manawatu exhibits higher slip rates,exceeding 4 cm/month,with greater cumulative slip and surface displacement than Kapiti.A moderate temporal correlation(coefficient 0.59)between seismic activity in the region and slip acceleration in Manawatu suggests that seismic events may contribute to the slip,while no significant correlation is observed in Kapiti.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness.However,the current DR biomarkers are insufficient for accurately predicting its onset.AIM To identify a novel marker for predicti...BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness.However,the current DR biomarkers are insufficient for accurately predicting its onset.AIM To identify a novel marker for predicting the risk of developing DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 6993 hospitalized T2DM patients between 2013 and 2020.Patients were divided into two groups:The DR group and the non-DR group.Data were analyzed using univariate,correlation,multivariate,subgroup,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.RESULTS Total bilirubin,indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and direct bilirubin were negatively correlated with the risk of developing DR(P<0.001).Moreover,these three factors were all positively correlated with clinical indicators related to DR,including the estimated glomerular filtration rate,the albumin/creatinine ratio,and the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 level(P<0.001).After adjusting for multiple variables,greater IBIL levels remained independently associated with a lower risk of developing DR(odds ratio=0.500;95%confidence interval:0.363-0.686;P<0.001).The optimal IBIL cutoff point for predicting the risk of DR in male patients with elevated diastolic blood pressure was 0.655μmol/dL(area under the curve=0.662).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IBIL could be a valuable biomarker for predicting DR risk,offering a noninvasive,cost-effective,and readily available clinical tool for the early identification of high-risk patients.Future multicenter and longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these findings and further explore the biological mechanisms underlying the protective role of IBIL in DR.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality,with limited therapeutic options for advanced stages.Simvastatin,primarily used to lower cholesterol,has shown potential as an anticancer a...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality,with limited therapeutic options for advanced stages.Simvastatin,primarily used to lower cholesterol,has shown potential as an anticancer agent.It may exert its effects by inhibiting SERPINE1,a protein implicated in CRC progression,and activating the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G(cGMP/PKG)signaling pathway.Given these findings,this study hypothesizes that simvastatin inhibits CRC cell proliferation and migration by downregulating SERPINE1 and activating the cGMP/PKG pathway,offering a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC management.AIM To study the effects of simvastatin on the function of colon cancer cells and to uncover the underlying mechanisms.METHODS NCM460,HCT-116,and SW620 cell lines were used for in vitro experiments with simvastatin at doses of 20μM,40μM,and 80μM.The Stitch database was used to analyze the target genes of simvastatin,whereas STRING was used to investigate SERPINE1 and its related pathways.HCT-116 and SW620 cells were transfected with single-cell RNA sequencing reveals SERPINE1 with or without Rp-8-Br-cGMP(a PKG inhibitor).Cell toxicity,proliferation,and migration were evaluated using the cell counting kit-8,colony formation,and Transwell assays,respectively.Apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry,and levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and ferrous ion(Fe^(2+))were detected using commercial kits.Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to analyze gene expression.RESULTS Simvastatin dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT-116 and SW620 cells while promoting apoptosis.It downregulated Ki-67,proliferating cell nuclear antigen,MMP2,and MMP9,and upregulated Bax,particularly at higher doses.Simvastatin increased the ROS,MDA,and Fe^(2+)levels while decreasing the GSH levels.It downregulated SLC7A11 and ferroportin and upregulated TRF1.SERPINE1 was identified as a core target,with related genes enriched in the cGMP/PKG pathway.SERPINE1 knockdown increased GUCY1B1 and PRKG1 levels,decreased cell viability,and altered oxidative stress markers,with the effects being reversed by Rp-8-Br-cGMP.CONCLUSION Simvastatin effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells and promoted apoptosis through the modulation of key targets,such as SERPINE1 and the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway.展开更多
Although sonodynamic therapy(SDT)is a promising cancer treatment that induces DNA and macromolecular damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),its therapeutic efficacy is limited by local hypoxia a...Although sonodynamic therapy(SDT)is a promising cancer treatment that induces DNA and macromolecular damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),its therapeutic efficacy is limited by local hypoxia and ROS defense mechanisms in tumors.This study propose d a novel tumor treatment approach,focusing on ROS-mediated therapy by targ eting the nucleus and depleting glutathione(GSH)levels,which was achieved through a nanoplatform(Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX)with integrated functions including GSH detection and depletion,pH-responsive drug release,and nuclear targeting.The Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX nanoplatform effectively differentiated normal and cancer cells and also exhibited excellent biocompatibility.Depletion of GSH levels and increased ROS sensitivity of cells significantly improved the effectiveness of SDT,as demonstrated in vitro using Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX,which also exhibited significant cellular uptake.Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX exerted potent antitumor effects in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional tum or microenvironment models(3 DM-7721).Moreover,in 3 DM-7721 models,hepatoma cells(SMMC-7721)demonstrated significant inhibition of motility,invasion,and colony formation after exposure to Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX.Furthermore,intravenous administration of the Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX nanoplatform enabled precise and rapid tumor-targeting,followed by ultrasound-triggered therapy,without adverse effects in nude mice.Hence,this nanoplatform provides a promising strategy for designing cancer therapies and delivering nuclear-targeted drugs.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa L.),a thermophilic crop,is highly sensitive to cold stress,particularly during the seedling stage.Developing cold-tolerant rice varieties is a possible strategy to mitigate yield losses caused by low...Rice(Oryza sativa L.),a thermophilic crop,is highly sensitive to cold stress,particularly during the seedling stage.Developing cold-tolerant rice varieties is a possible strategy to mitigate yield losses caused by low temperatures.However,few genes for cold tolerance have been identified.In this study,we identified OsALA4(Aminophospholipid ATPase 4),encoding a plasma membrane-localized P4-ATPase,from a chromosomal segment substitution line(CSSL-K2832-2)harboring cold-tolerance QTL qLTS5(Low Temperature Sensitive 5).Genetic and subcellular localization analyses revealed that OsALA4 regulates cold tolerance by maintaining plasma membrane fluidity and cellular homeostasis.Physiological assessments showed that OsALA4 reduces malondialdehyde(MDA),electrolyte leakage,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and cell death under cold stress.Promoter activity assays indicated that stronger OsALA4 expression in Nipponbare(OsALA4Nip)correlated with enhanced cold tolerance.Further experiments demonstrated that SNP sites within the promoter regions(-1500 bp to-700 bp)of OsALA4Nipand OsALA49311influenced their activity.This study highlights Os ALA4 as a valuable genetic target for breeding cold tolerant rice.展开更多
Boron adsorbents with high adsorption capacities have long been a focus of research for a long time.This study used small molecular polyols with different hydroxyl groups as functional monomers and as end-capping agen...Boron adsorbents with high adsorption capacities have long been a focus of research for a long time.This study used small molecular polyols with different hydroxyl groups as functional monomers and as end-capping agents,functional dendritic polyurethanes with nano structure were successfully prepared by one-pot method.The single molecule size and surface morphology were characterized by dynamic light scattering,transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,and the molecular size in the dry state was 11 to 18 nm.The prepared materials were used as the boron adsorbents,and the effects of pH,time,boron solution concentration and temperature on the adsorption were studied.The results showed that the capacity of adsorbed boron could reach 110-130 mg·g^(-1).Adsorption was a homogeneous monolayer adsorption controlled by chemisorption,and adsorption thermodynamics showed that was a spontaneous endothermic process.Adsorption behavior was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm.This study also showed that it was difficult for ortho/meta-hydroxyl groups to chelate with H_(3)BO_(3) and other polyborates,and the chelates mainly had good chelating properties with B(OH)_(4)^(-),and the chelates formed had large steric hindrance.At the same time,increasing the number of hydroxyl groups of functional monomers was beneficial to increase the adsorption capacity of materials.In addition,the cyclic adsorption/desorption experiments showed that DPUs have good cyclic stability.At the same time,the adsorption results of the original salt lake brine showed that other metal ions in the brine had little effect on the adsorption of boron,and the adsorption capacity was as high as52.93 mg·g^(-1),and the maximum adsorption capacity was obtained by Adams-Bohart model to58.80 mg·g^(-1).The outstanding selectivity and adsorption capacity of these materials have broad potential application,and are expected to be used for the efficient adsorption and removal in boroncontaining water bodies.展开更多
Solar-driven interface evaporation with high solar-to-steam conversion efficiency has shown great potential in seawater desalination.However,due to the influence of latent heat and condensation efficiency,the water yi...Solar-driven interface evaporation with high solar-to-steam conversion efficiency has shown great potential in seawater desalination.However,due to the influence of latent heat and condensation efficiency,the water yield from solar-driven interface evaporation remains insufficient,posing a significant challenge that requires resolution.In this work,we designed a dual-mode high-flux seawater desalination device that combines solar-driven interface evaporation and capacitive desalination.By utilizing coupled desalination materials exhibiting both photothermal conversion and capacitance activity,the device demonstrated photothermal evaporation rates of 1.41 and 0.97 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)for condensate water yield under one-sun irradiation.Additionally,the device exhibited a salt adsorption capacity of up to48 mg g^(-1)and a salt adsorption rate of 2.1 mg g^(-1)min-1.In addition,the salt adsorption capacity increased by approximately 32%under one-sun irradiation.Furthermore,photo-enhanced capacitive desalination performance was explored through numerical simulations and theoretical calculations.Theoretical calculations and characterizations confirmed that the defect energy levels formed by the introduction of sulfur vacancies can effectively widen the light absorption range,improve photothermal conversion performance,and stimulate more photoelectrons to participate in capacitive desalination.Concurrently,the electron distribution state of molybdenum disulfide with sulfur vacancies and surface defect sites contributes to ion/electron transport at the solid-liquid interface.This work provides a novel pathway for integrating solar vapor generation with other low-energy desalination technologies.展开更多
Retrogradation of semi-dry rice noodles severely reduced their eating quality during storage.Three commonly used modified starches(oxidized starch,acetylated starch,and hydroxypropyl starch)were applied to investigate...Retrogradation of semi-dry rice noodles severely reduced their eating quality during storage.Three commonly used modified starches(oxidized starch,acetylated starch,and hydroxypropyl starch)were applied to investigate the anti-retrogradation effects of semi-dry rice noodles during cold storage.Loss of water content,migration of water,and increase in relative crystallinity,retrogradation enthalpy,and hardness could be retarded by adding chemically modified starches,especially hydroxypropyl starches.The effect of hydroxypropyl starch addition levels(2%,4%,6%,8%,and 10%)on the properties of rice flour and the edible quality of semi-dry rice noodles was further evaluated.The water solubility index of rice flour decreased with the addition of hydroxypropyl starch,while the swelling power showed the opposite trend.The quality of semi-dry rice noodles were improved with the addition of hydroxypropyl starch.Compared to the control,semi-dried rice noodles with 8%hydroxypropyl starch possessed superior properties,i.e.lower cooking loss(decreasing from 12.89%to 6.62%),lower adhesiveness(decreasing from 5.40 to 4.31 g·s),and higher hardness(rising from 10.89 to 13.81 N).These findings demonstrated that the incorporation of hydroxypropyl starch is a promising strategy for the preparation of semi-dry rice noodles with satisfactory cooking and edible qualities as well as a long shelf life.展开更多
With the exponential growth of portable electronic devices and wearable technologies,batteries are currently required to deliver not only high energy density and extended cycling performance but also enhanced safety a...With the exponential growth of portable electronic devices and wearable technologies,batteries are currently required to deliver not only high energy density and extended cycling performance but also enhanced safety and exceptional durability.Inspired by the self-repair mechanism observed in natural systems,a self-healing strategy shows great application potential in enabling batteries to resist external physical and chemical damage.In this review,we provide a detailed exploration of the application of self-healing materials in battery components,including electrodes,electrolytes,and encapsulation layers.We also analyze the advantages and limitations of various self-healing mechanisms,highlighting their roles in optimizing battery performance.By presenting a comprehensive synthesis of existing research,the potential pathways for advancing the development of self-healing batteries are identified,as well as the key challenges and opportunities within this field.This review aims to promote the practical integration of self-healing batteries in smart and flexible electronic devices,paving the way for safer,more reliable,and long-lasting energy storage systems.展开更多
Electrochemical ozone(O_(3))production(EOP)faces a critical challenge due to the competitive oxygen evolution reaction(OER),which severely limits ozone yields.Inspired by the oxygen-binding mechanism of heme,we design...Electrochemical ozone(O_(3))production(EOP)faces a critical challenge due to the competitive oxygen evolution reaction(OER),which severely limits ozone yields.Inspired by the oxygen-binding mechanism of heme,we designed a biomimetic catalyst,FePP@SnO_(2)@CA,by electrodepositing iron porphyrin(FePP)onto SnO_(2)@CA nanosheets,endowing it with an“oxygen-locking property”to suppress competing OER.This catalyst demonstrates exceptional EOP performance,achieving an ozone production rate of 8.9 mmol cm^(−2)h^(−1)and a Faraday efficiency(FE)of 20.46%±1.6%.DFT calculations confirm that Fe–O_(2)interactions stabilize O_(2)*intermediates,redirecting the reaction pathway from OER to ozone generation and reducing the O–O coupling energy barrier,thereby enabling thermodynamic selectivity control.In addition,when FePP@SnO_(2)@CA is used as a dual-functional material for sea sand desalination,the chlorine removal efficiency can reach 52.7%.This work provides a novel bioinspired strategy for EOP catalyst design and broadens the application potential of FePP@SnO_(2)@CA in sustainable technologies.展开更多
Purpose: This review examines the diagnostic value of transvaginal 3D ultrasound image texture analysis for the diagnosis of uterine adhesions. Materials and Methods: The total clinical data of 53 patients with uterin...Purpose: This review examines the diagnostic value of transvaginal 3D ultrasound image texture analysis for the diagnosis of uterine adhesions. Materials and Methods: The total clinical data of 53 patients with uterine adhesions diagnosed by hysteroscopy and the imaging data of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Based on hysteroscopic surgical records, patients were divided into two independent groups: normal endometrium and uterine adhesion sites. The samples were divided into a training set and a test set, and the transvaginal 3D ultrasound was used to outline the region of interest (ROI) and extract texture features for normal endometrium and uterine adhesions based on hysteroscopic surgical recordings, the training set data were feature screened and modelled using lasso regression and cross-validation, and the diagnostic efficacy of the model was assessed by applying the subjects’ operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: For each group, 290 texture feature parameters were extracted and three higher values were screened out, and the area under the curve of the constructed ultrasonographic scoring model was 0.658 and 0.720 in the training and test sets, respectively. Conclusion Relative clinical value of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound image texture analysis for the diagnosis of uterine adhesions.展开更多
In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by con...In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by considering the rock layer.A safety factor is defined foy the rib,and it is observed that the safety factor exhibits a positive correlation with the thickness and strength of the inter-band rock.A calculation method for determining critical parameters of the rock layer is presented to ensure the rib stability.It is revealed that incomplete propagation of the fracture at the hard rock constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring the rib stability.The influence of the position of the inter-band rock in the coal seam on failure mechanism of the rib was thoroughly investigated by developing a series of physical models for the rib at the face area.The best position for the inter-band rock in the coal seam is at a height of 1.5 m away from the roof line,which tends to provide a good stability state for the rib.For different inter-band rock positions,two ways of controlling rib by increasing supports stiffness and flexible grouting reinforcement are proposed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Regarding the incidence of malignant tumors in China,the incidence of liver cancer ranks fourth,second only to lung,gastric,and esophageal cancers.The case fatality rate ranks third after lung and cervical ...BACKGROUND Regarding the incidence of malignant tumors in China,the incidence of liver cancer ranks fourth,second only to lung,gastric,and esophageal cancers.The case fatality rate ranks third after lung and cervical cancer.In a previous study,the whole-process management model was applied to patients with breast cancer,which effectively reduced their negative emotions and improved treatment adherence and nursing satisfaction.METHODS In this single-center,randomized,controlled study,60 randomly selected patients with liver cancer who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=30),who received whole-process case management on the basis of routine nursing mea-sures,and a control group(n=30),who were given routine nursing measures.We compared differences between the two groups in terms of anxiety,depression,the level of hope,self-care ability,symptom distress,sleep quality,and quality of life.RESULTS Post-intervention,Hamilton anxiety scale,Hamilton depression scale,memory symptom assessment scale,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores in both groups were lower than those pre-intervention,and the observation group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Herth hope index,self-care ability assessment scale-revision in Chinese,and quality of life measurement scale for patients with liver cancer scores in both groups were higher than those pre-intervention,with higher scores in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Whole-process case management can effectively reduce anxiety and depression in patients with liver cancer,alleviate symptoms and problems,and improve the level of hope,self-care ability,sleep quality,and quality of life,as well as provide feasible nursing alternatives for patients with liver cancer.展开更多
As one of the most widely distributed and highly conserved transcription factors in eukaryotes,basic leucine zipper proteins(bZIPs)are involved in a variety of biological processes in plants,but they are largely unkno...As one of the most widely distributed and highly conserved transcription factors in eukaryotes,basic leucine zipper proteins(bZIPs)are involved in a variety of biological processes in plants,but they are largely unknown in citrus.In this study,56 bZIP family members were identified genome-wide from an important citrus rootstock,namely trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf.),and these putative bZIPs were named PtbZIP1—PtbZIP56.All PtbZIPs were classified into 13 subgroups by phylogenetic comparison with Arabidopsis thaliana bZIPs(AtbZIPs),and they were randomly distributed on nine known(50 genes)chromosomes and one unknown(6 genes)chromosome.Sequence analysis revealed the detailed characteristics of PtPZIPs,including their amino acid length,isoelectric point(pI),molecular weight(MW),predicted subcellular localization,gene structure,and conserved motifs.Prediction of promoter elements suggested the presence of drought,low-temperature,wound,and defense and stress responsive elements,as well as multiple hormone-responsive cis-acting elements.Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed the transcriptional patterns of PtbZIPs in different tissues and under dehydration,high salt,ABA,and IAA treatments.In addition,21 PtbZIPs were predicted to have direct or indirect protein—protein interactions.Among these,PtbZIP49 was experimentally proven to interact with PtbZIP1 or PtbZIP11 by using a yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation(BiFC).Subcellular localization analysis further revealed that PtbZIP1,PtbZIP11,and PtbZIP49 were localized in the nucleus.Moreover,PtbZIP49 was functionally identified as having an important role in salt stress via ectopic expression in A.thaliana and silenced in trifoliate orange using virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS).This study provided comprehensive information on PtbZIP transcription factors in citrus and highlights their potential functions in abiotic stress.展开更多
基金Yuansong Wang National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Heritage Studio,No.4(2022).
文摘BACKGROUND Plantamajoside(PMS)has shown potential in mitigating cell damage caused by high glucose(HG)levels.Despite this,the precise therapeutic effects of PMS on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the underlying regulatory mechanisms require further exploration.AIM To investigate PMS therapeutic effects on T2DM in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action through in vivo and in vitro experiments.METHODS An in vitro damage model of MIN6 cells was established using HG and palmitic acid(PA).PMS's protective effect on cell damage was assessed.Next,transcriptomics was employed to examine how PMS treatment affects gene expression of MIN6 cells.Furthermore,the effect of PMS on protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis pathways was validated.A T2DM mouse model was used to validate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of PMS in vivo.RESULTS PMS intervention ameliorated cell injury in HG+PA-induced MIN6 cell damage.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis pathways were enriched in cells treated with PMS,with significant downregulation of the gene Dnajc1.Further validation indicated that PMS significantly inhibited the expression of apoptosis-related factors(Bax,CytC)and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related factors[ATF6,XBP1,Ddit3(CHOP),GRP78],while promoting the expression of Bcl-2 and Dnajc1.Additionally,the inhibitory effects of PMS on ERS and apoptosis were abolished upon Dnajc1 silencing.Furthermore,in vivo experiments demonstrated that PMS intervention effectively improved pancreatic damage,suppressed the expression of apoptosis-related factors(Bax,CytC),and ERS-related factors[ATF6,XBP1,Ddit3(CHOP),GRP78],while promoting the expression of Bcl-2 and Dnajc1 in a T2DM model mice.CONCLUSION PMS intervention could alleviate pancreatic tissue damage effectively.The mechanism of action involves Dnajc1 activation,which subsequently inhibits apoptosis and ERS,ameliorating damage to pancreaticβ-cells.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42207386,22378103,52372294,and 22262025)the Middle-aged and Young Teachers’Basic Ability Promotion Project of Guangxi(No.2021KY0390).
文摘Rational design of composite catalysts with efficient charge separation and transfer is of great significance to achieve efficient degradation of pollutants.Herein,CuInS_(2)nanoparticles are skillfully deposited on TiO_(2)nanofibers through a hydrothermal method.The formation of S-scheme heterojunction is confirmed through free radical trapping experiments,in‐situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)measurements,density functional theory(DFT)calculations and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy(fs-TAS)results.These results reveal that the built-in electric field within the S-scheme heterojunction significantly enhances charge separation and transfer,boosting the catalyst's redox capabilities.The TiO_(2)/CuInS_(2)photocatalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic performance,achieving a degradation rate of 89%within 21 min of light irradiation,which is almost 2.2 times higher than that of TiO_(2).Additionally,the degradation products of TCH are investigated using in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC-MS),offering insights into the degradation pathway.This study highlights the potential advantage of ultrafast charge carrier transfer in S-scheme heterojunction,providing a promising strategy for designing high-efficiency photocatalytic systems for environmental remediation.The findings offer new directions for improving the degradation of persistent pollutants like tetracyclines.
基金financially supported by China Aeronautical Science Foundation (No.2023Z0530Q9002)the Program for Chongqing Talents,China (No.cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0066)。
文摘The microstructural evolution,phase stability,and mechanical properties of Al-Li-Mg-Ti-M(M=Zn,Zr,V)lightweight high-entropy alloys(LW-HEAs)were investigated.The LW-HEAs with three components,Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)-Ti_(40)Zn_(10)(#Zn),Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)Ti_(30)Zr_(20)(#Zr),and Al_(20)Li_(20)Mg_(10)Ti_(30)V_(20)(#V),were designed according to the thermo-dynamic design criteria of HEA,and prepared via a combination process of mechanical alloying and cold-press sintering.The effects of alloy composition and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the LW-HEAs were studied.The results show that the as-milled Al-Li-Mg-Ti-M(M=Zn,Zr,V)LW-HEAs form a simple structure with HCP-type solid solution as the primary phase,a dual-HCP type solid solution phase,and a BCC phase,respectively.After cold-press sintering,the#Zn and#V alloys undergo obvious phase transformation;while the#Zr alloy with dual-HCP phases exhibits the best phase stability during heat treatment.The#V-750°C alloy demonstrates the maximum hardness and specific strength of HV 595.2 and 625 MPa∙cm3/g,respectively,under the combined effect of solid solution strengthening of BCC phase and precipitation strengthening ofβ-AlTi_(3).Moreover,the#Zr-650°C,#Zr-750°C,and#Zn-650°C alloys are expected to have excellent plasticity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3808800,Dake Xu)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2006219(Dake Xu),52301081(Xiangyu Li))+4 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX20220059,Xiangyu Li)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M720677,Xiangyu Li)the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2023-BS-052,Xiangyu Li)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.N2302015,Xiangyu Li)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings Funded Project(Grant No.2024020800027,Xiangyu Li).
文摘Surface-adhering biofilms contribute significantly to irreversible biofouling and corrosion,presenting a multi-trillion-dollar annual problem in public health and industry.Strategies employing antibacterial elements are emerging to fabricate multifunctional coatings that effectively combat such microbially produced damage.However,rapid,reliable,and robust surface engineering remains challenging due to stability limitations and intricate anti-biofilm additive dynamics.Herein,a silver-capsule-conjugated polyurethane coating with high stability and antimicrobial efficacy in a cooperative manner is developed through controlled supramolecular self-assembly.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)-mediated molecule entanglement breaks through the incompatibility between polymeric components and nanomaterials,strengthening the dispersion and fixation of encapsulated silver nanoparticles.The facilitation and control of the nanoscale interfacial binding significantly suppresses the aggregation of inorganic nanoparticles and consequent microcracks development,giving rise to mechanical robustness and thermal stability of the hybrid coating under extreme conditions.A synergistic combination of exposed residues,electrostatic,and coordination interactions could readily integrate the resultant coating on virtually arbitrary material sur-faces.This composite coating exhibits broad-spectrum and high bactericidal efficiencies of 99.99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,as well as excellent biofilm formation suppression.Moreover,our coating has robust resistance to microbial-influenced corrosion(MIC)and can even endure 720 h of salt spray.This study deciphers a general code for creating stable and durable nanohybrid coatings to mitigate microbially related risks.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204407)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20220595)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723689)。
文摘The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior and texture formation mechanism in an AZ31 magnesium alloy wheel hub during the spinning process were investigated.Analysis using optical microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and finite element simulation revealed that continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)and grain boundary bulging occurred simultaneously throughout the spinning process,leading to an increased proportion of DRXed grain areas.The newly formed DRXed grains largely retained the orientations of their deformed parent grains.The spinning process had two stages:initially,deformation was driven by basalslip as the roller contacted the alloy and descended to its lowest point.In the later stage,pyramidal<c+a>slips became predominant as additional force was applied along the spinning direction(SD),forming a final texture with the c-axis tilting±15°towards the SD.This texture development led to discernible anisotropy in tensile properties along the SD and the tangential direction(TD).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2403401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82073368,82303766)+2 种基金the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2007071)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743908)the Joint Program of Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(No.2023JH2/101700094).
文摘Though oncolytic viruses(OVs)hold significant potential for comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors,their systemic administration faces substantial challenges such as insufficient circulation time,inadequate tumor targeting,and spontaneous antiviral immune response of the body,which seriously limits the clinical application of OVs.Herein,we proposed a tumor targeting strategy of tumor cell membrane biomimetic liposomes to encapsulate OVs for intravenous delivery,which enables OVs to target the homotypic tumor lesions and exert their oncolytic effect.On the one hand,this cell membrane biomimetic carrier enhanced the encapsulation of OVs by the hybrid lipid membranes,concealed the viral capsid proteins,and diminished the neutralization and clearance of the virions from the bloodstream.On the other hand,enhanced tumor targeted delivery can be achieved through the utilization of homologous adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cell membrane.In addition,this strategy also promoted the tumor infiltration of CD4^(+),CD8^(+)T cells mediated by the oncolytic effect of OVs and increased the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the tumor,thereby effectively enhancing the anti-tumor effect of intravenous administration of OVs.The findings of our study demonstrate that T-L@Ad11 offers a handy and efficient approach for targeting tumors,thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of intravenous administration of OVs.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41704031,42374040)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Science and Technology Department(20232BAB203073)the Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving around Poyang Lake,Ministry of Natural Resources(MEMI-2021-2022-29).
文摘Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zealand,SSEs frequently occur alongside seismic activity,especially in the Manawatu and Kapiti regions.This study analyzes the 2021-2023 Kapiti-Manawatu long-term SSE using daily displacement data(2019-2023)from 53 GPS stations.The network inversion filter(NIF)method is applied to extract slow slip signals,revealing spatial migration with alternating slip between Kapiti and Manawatu,characterized by distinct phases of acceleration and deceleration.Manawatu exhibits higher slip rates,exceeding 4 cm/month,with greater cumulative slip and surface displacement than Kapiti.A moderate temporal correlation(coefficient 0.59)between seismic activity in the region and slip acceleration in Manawatu suggests that seismic events may contribute to the slip,while no significant correlation is observed in Kapiti.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2024JC-YBQN-0828 and No.2024JC-YBMS-765Clinical Research Award of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,No.XJTU1AF-CRF-2022-036National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices,No.NMED2023AGP-013.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness.However,the current DR biomarkers are insufficient for accurately predicting its onset.AIM To identify a novel marker for predicting the risk of developing DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 6993 hospitalized T2DM patients between 2013 and 2020.Patients were divided into two groups:The DR group and the non-DR group.Data were analyzed using univariate,correlation,multivariate,subgroup,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.RESULTS Total bilirubin,indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and direct bilirubin were negatively correlated with the risk of developing DR(P<0.001).Moreover,these three factors were all positively correlated with clinical indicators related to DR,including the estimated glomerular filtration rate,the albumin/creatinine ratio,and the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 level(P<0.001).After adjusting for multiple variables,greater IBIL levels remained independently associated with a lower risk of developing DR(odds ratio=0.500;95%confidence interval:0.363-0.686;P<0.001).The optimal IBIL cutoff point for predicting the risk of DR in male patients with elevated diastolic blood pressure was 0.655μmol/dL(area under the curve=0.662).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IBIL could be a valuable biomarker for predicting DR risk,offering a noninvasive,cost-effective,and readily available clinical tool for the early identification of high-risk patients.Future multicenter and longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these findings and further explore the biological mechanisms underlying the protective role of IBIL in DR.
基金Supported by the Jiangsu Province Key Research and Development Plan(Social Development)Project,No.BE2021611。
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality,with limited therapeutic options for advanced stages.Simvastatin,primarily used to lower cholesterol,has shown potential as an anticancer agent.It may exert its effects by inhibiting SERPINE1,a protein implicated in CRC progression,and activating the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G(cGMP/PKG)signaling pathway.Given these findings,this study hypothesizes that simvastatin inhibits CRC cell proliferation and migration by downregulating SERPINE1 and activating the cGMP/PKG pathway,offering a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC management.AIM To study the effects of simvastatin on the function of colon cancer cells and to uncover the underlying mechanisms.METHODS NCM460,HCT-116,and SW620 cell lines were used for in vitro experiments with simvastatin at doses of 20μM,40μM,and 80μM.The Stitch database was used to analyze the target genes of simvastatin,whereas STRING was used to investigate SERPINE1 and its related pathways.HCT-116 and SW620 cells were transfected with single-cell RNA sequencing reveals SERPINE1 with or without Rp-8-Br-cGMP(a PKG inhibitor).Cell toxicity,proliferation,and migration were evaluated using the cell counting kit-8,colony formation,and Transwell assays,respectively.Apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry,and levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and ferrous ion(Fe^(2+))were detected using commercial kits.Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to analyze gene expression.RESULTS Simvastatin dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT-116 and SW620 cells while promoting apoptosis.It downregulated Ki-67,proliferating cell nuclear antigen,MMP2,and MMP9,and upregulated Bax,particularly at higher doses.Simvastatin increased the ROS,MDA,and Fe^(2+)levels while decreasing the GSH levels.It downregulated SLC7A11 and ferroportin and upregulated TRF1.SERPINE1 was identified as a core target,with related genes enriched in the cGMP/PKG pathway.SERPINE1 knockdown increased GUCY1B1 and PRKG1 levels,decreased cell viability,and altered oxidative stress markers,with the effects being reversed by Rp-8-Br-cGMP.CONCLUSION Simvastatin effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells and promoted apoptosis through the modulation of key targets,such as SERPINE1 and the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62031022)the Sha nxi Provincial Basic Research Project(Nos.202103021221006 and 20210302123040)+2 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(No.2021L044)the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(No.202302130501006)the Shanxi‒Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(No.2022SX-TD026).
文摘Although sonodynamic therapy(SDT)is a promising cancer treatment that induces DNA and macromolecular damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),its therapeutic efficacy is limited by local hypoxia and ROS defense mechanisms in tumors.This study propose d a novel tumor treatment approach,focusing on ROS-mediated therapy by targ eting the nucleus and depleting glutathione(GSH)levels,which was achieved through a nanoplatform(Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX)with integrated functions including GSH detection and depletion,pH-responsive drug release,and nuclear targeting.The Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX nanoplatform effectively differentiated normal and cancer cells and also exhibited excellent biocompatibility.Depletion of GSH levels and increased ROS sensitivity of cells significantly improved the effectiveness of SDT,as demonstrated in vitro using Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX,which also exhibited significant cellular uptake.Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX exerted potent antitumor effects in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional tum or microenvironment models(3 DM-7721).Moreover,in 3 DM-7721 models,hepatoma cells(SMMC-7721)demonstrated significant inhibition of motility,invasion,and colony formation after exposure to Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX.Furthermore,intravenous administration of the Pt^(2+)-CDs@PpIX nanoplatform enabled precise and rapid tumor-targeting,followed by ultrasound-triggered therapy,without adverse effects in nude mice.Hence,this nanoplatform provides a promising strategy for designing cancer therapies and delivering nuclear-targeted drugs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32121003,32325038)Key Research and Development Projects of Sichuan(2021YFYZ0016)Open Project Program(SKL-ZD202207)of State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China。
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.),a thermophilic crop,is highly sensitive to cold stress,particularly during the seedling stage.Developing cold-tolerant rice varieties is a possible strategy to mitigate yield losses caused by low temperatures.However,few genes for cold tolerance have been identified.In this study,we identified OsALA4(Aminophospholipid ATPase 4),encoding a plasma membrane-localized P4-ATPase,from a chromosomal segment substitution line(CSSL-K2832-2)harboring cold-tolerance QTL qLTS5(Low Temperature Sensitive 5).Genetic and subcellular localization analyses revealed that OsALA4 regulates cold tolerance by maintaining plasma membrane fluidity and cellular homeostasis.Physiological assessments showed that OsALA4 reduces malondialdehyde(MDA),electrolyte leakage,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and cell death under cold stress.Promoter activity assays indicated that stronger OsALA4 expression in Nipponbare(OsALA4Nip)correlated with enhanced cold tolerance.Further experiments demonstrated that SNP sites within the promoter regions(-1500 bp to-700 bp)of OsALA4Nipand OsALA49311influenced their activity.This study highlights Os ALA4 as a valuable genetic target for breeding cold tolerant rice.
基金financially supported by Applied Basic Research Project of Qinghai province(2023-ZJ-774)。
文摘Boron adsorbents with high adsorption capacities have long been a focus of research for a long time.This study used small molecular polyols with different hydroxyl groups as functional monomers and as end-capping agents,functional dendritic polyurethanes with nano structure were successfully prepared by one-pot method.The single molecule size and surface morphology were characterized by dynamic light scattering,transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,and the molecular size in the dry state was 11 to 18 nm.The prepared materials were used as the boron adsorbents,and the effects of pH,time,boron solution concentration and temperature on the adsorption were studied.The results showed that the capacity of adsorbed boron could reach 110-130 mg·g^(-1).Adsorption was a homogeneous monolayer adsorption controlled by chemisorption,and adsorption thermodynamics showed that was a spontaneous endothermic process.Adsorption behavior was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm.This study also showed that it was difficult for ortho/meta-hydroxyl groups to chelate with H_(3)BO_(3) and other polyborates,and the chelates mainly had good chelating properties with B(OH)_(4)^(-),and the chelates formed had large steric hindrance.At the same time,increasing the number of hydroxyl groups of functional monomers was beneficial to increase the adsorption capacity of materials.In addition,the cyclic adsorption/desorption experiments showed that DPUs have good cyclic stability.At the same time,the adsorption results of the original salt lake brine showed that other metal ions in the brine had little effect on the adsorption of boron,and the adsorption capacity was as high as52.93 mg·g^(-1),and the maximum adsorption capacity was obtained by Adams-Bohart model to58.80 mg·g^(-1).The outstanding selectivity and adsorption capacity of these materials have broad potential application,and are expected to be used for the efficient adsorption and removal in boroncontaining water bodies.
基金financially supported by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(52173235,22265010,12204071,62074022)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300)+2 种基金Youth Talent Support Program of Chongqing(CQYC2021059206)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2024SHFZ038)Science and Technology Innovation and Improving Project of Army Medical University(No.2021XJS24)。
文摘Solar-driven interface evaporation with high solar-to-steam conversion efficiency has shown great potential in seawater desalination.However,due to the influence of latent heat and condensation efficiency,the water yield from solar-driven interface evaporation remains insufficient,posing a significant challenge that requires resolution.In this work,we designed a dual-mode high-flux seawater desalination device that combines solar-driven interface evaporation and capacitive desalination.By utilizing coupled desalination materials exhibiting both photothermal conversion and capacitance activity,the device demonstrated photothermal evaporation rates of 1.41 and 0.97 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)for condensate water yield under one-sun irradiation.Additionally,the device exhibited a salt adsorption capacity of up to48 mg g^(-1)and a salt adsorption rate of 2.1 mg g^(-1)min-1.In addition,the salt adsorption capacity increased by approximately 32%under one-sun irradiation.Furthermore,photo-enhanced capacitive desalination performance was explored through numerical simulations and theoretical calculations.Theoretical calculations and characterizations confirmed that the defect energy levels formed by the introduction of sulfur vacancies can effectively widen the light absorption range,improve photothermal conversion performance,and stimulate more photoelectrons to participate in capacitive desalination.Concurrently,the electron distribution state of molybdenum disulfide with sulfur vacancies and surface defect sites contributes to ion/electron transport at the solid-liquid interface.This work provides a novel pathway for integrating solar vapor generation with other low-energy desalination technologies.
基金funded by the fund of national natural science foundation of China(32101996,32160530)the training plan for academic and technical leaders of major disciplines in Jiangxi province(20232BCJ23024)+1 种基金the key research and development program of Jiangxi province(20232BBF60023)“Shuangqian Project”of Jiangxi Province(jxsq2023201042)。
文摘Retrogradation of semi-dry rice noodles severely reduced their eating quality during storage.Three commonly used modified starches(oxidized starch,acetylated starch,and hydroxypropyl starch)were applied to investigate the anti-retrogradation effects of semi-dry rice noodles during cold storage.Loss of water content,migration of water,and increase in relative crystallinity,retrogradation enthalpy,and hardness could be retarded by adding chemically modified starches,especially hydroxypropyl starches.The effect of hydroxypropyl starch addition levels(2%,4%,6%,8%,and 10%)on the properties of rice flour and the edible quality of semi-dry rice noodles was further evaluated.The water solubility index of rice flour decreased with the addition of hydroxypropyl starch,while the swelling power showed the opposite trend.The quality of semi-dry rice noodles were improved with the addition of hydroxypropyl starch.Compared to the control,semi-dried rice noodles with 8%hydroxypropyl starch possessed superior properties,i.e.lower cooking loss(decreasing from 12.89%to 6.62%),lower adhesiveness(decreasing from 5.40 to 4.31 g·s),and higher hardness(rising from 10.89 to 13.81 N).These findings demonstrated that the incorporation of hydroxypropyl starch is a promising strategy for the preparation of semi-dry rice noodles with satisfactory cooking and edible qualities as well as a long shelf life.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22479130)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(Grant No.252300421170)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M743150).
文摘With the exponential growth of portable electronic devices and wearable technologies,batteries are currently required to deliver not only high energy density and extended cycling performance but also enhanced safety and exceptional durability.Inspired by the self-repair mechanism observed in natural systems,a self-healing strategy shows great application potential in enabling batteries to resist external physical and chemical damage.In this review,we provide a detailed exploration of the application of self-healing materials in battery components,including electrodes,electrolytes,and encapsulation layers.We also analyze the advantages and limitations of various self-healing mechanisms,highlighting their roles in optimizing battery performance.By presenting a comprehensive synthesis of existing research,the potential pathways for advancing the development of self-healing batteries are identified,as well as the key challenges and opportunities within this field.This review aims to promote the practical integration of self-healing batteries in smart and flexible electronic devices,paving the way for safer,more reliable,and long-lasting energy storage systems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China,China(52173235)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund,China(ZDYF2024SHFZ038)+1 种基金the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees,China(CX2021018)the Innovative Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(52021004)。
文摘Electrochemical ozone(O_(3))production(EOP)faces a critical challenge due to the competitive oxygen evolution reaction(OER),which severely limits ozone yields.Inspired by the oxygen-binding mechanism of heme,we designed a biomimetic catalyst,FePP@SnO_(2)@CA,by electrodepositing iron porphyrin(FePP)onto SnO_(2)@CA nanosheets,endowing it with an“oxygen-locking property”to suppress competing OER.This catalyst demonstrates exceptional EOP performance,achieving an ozone production rate of 8.9 mmol cm^(−2)h^(−1)and a Faraday efficiency(FE)of 20.46%±1.6%.DFT calculations confirm that Fe–O_(2)interactions stabilize O_(2)*intermediates,redirecting the reaction pathway from OER to ozone generation and reducing the O–O coupling energy barrier,thereby enabling thermodynamic selectivity control.In addition,when FePP@SnO_(2)@CA is used as a dual-functional material for sea sand desalination,the chlorine removal efficiency can reach 52.7%.This work provides a novel bioinspired strategy for EOP catalyst design and broadens the application potential of FePP@SnO_(2)@CA in sustainable technologies.
文摘Purpose: This review examines the diagnostic value of transvaginal 3D ultrasound image texture analysis for the diagnosis of uterine adhesions. Materials and Methods: The total clinical data of 53 patients with uterine adhesions diagnosed by hysteroscopy and the imaging data of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Based on hysteroscopic surgical records, patients were divided into two independent groups: normal endometrium and uterine adhesion sites. The samples were divided into a training set and a test set, and the transvaginal 3D ultrasound was used to outline the region of interest (ROI) and extract texture features for normal endometrium and uterine adhesions based on hysteroscopic surgical recordings, the training set data were feature screened and modelled using lasso regression and cross-validation, and the diagnostic efficacy of the model was assessed by applying the subjects’ operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: For each group, 290 texture feature parameters were extracted and three higher values were screened out, and the area under the curve of the constructed ultrasonographic scoring model was 0.658 and 0.720 in the training and test sets, respectively. Conclusion Relative clinical value of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound image texture analysis for the diagnosis of uterine adhesions.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2023YFC2907501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52374106)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023ZKPYNY01)。
文摘In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by considering the rock layer.A safety factor is defined foy the rib,and it is observed that the safety factor exhibits a positive correlation with the thickness and strength of the inter-band rock.A calculation method for determining critical parameters of the rock layer is presented to ensure the rib stability.It is revealed that incomplete propagation of the fracture at the hard rock constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring the rib stability.The influence of the position of the inter-band rock in the coal seam on failure mechanism of the rib was thoroughly investigated by developing a series of physical models for the rib at the face area.The best position for the inter-band rock in the coal seam is at a height of 1.5 m away from the roof line,which tends to provide a good stability state for the rib.For different inter-band rock positions,two ways of controlling rib by increasing supports stiffness and flexible grouting reinforcement are proposed.
基金This study protocol was approved by the General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping,and all the families have voluntarily participated in the study and have signed informed consent forms.
文摘BACKGROUND Regarding the incidence of malignant tumors in China,the incidence of liver cancer ranks fourth,second only to lung,gastric,and esophageal cancers.The case fatality rate ranks third after lung and cervical cancer.In a previous study,the whole-process management model was applied to patients with breast cancer,which effectively reduced their negative emotions and improved treatment adherence and nursing satisfaction.METHODS In this single-center,randomized,controlled study,60 randomly selected patients with liver cancer who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=30),who received whole-process case management on the basis of routine nursing mea-sures,and a control group(n=30),who were given routine nursing measures.We compared differences between the two groups in terms of anxiety,depression,the level of hope,self-care ability,symptom distress,sleep quality,and quality of life.RESULTS Post-intervention,Hamilton anxiety scale,Hamilton depression scale,memory symptom assessment scale,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores in both groups were lower than those pre-intervention,and the observation group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Herth hope index,self-care ability assessment scale-revision in Chinese,and quality of life measurement scale for patients with liver cancer scores in both groups were higher than those pre-intervention,with higher scores in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Whole-process case management can effectively reduce anxiety and depression in patients with liver cancer,alleviate symptoms and problems,and improve the level of hope,self-care ability,sleep quality,and quality of life,as well as provide feasible nursing alternatives for patients with liver cancer.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32072550,31902084)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000300)。
文摘As one of the most widely distributed and highly conserved transcription factors in eukaryotes,basic leucine zipper proteins(bZIPs)are involved in a variety of biological processes in plants,but they are largely unknown in citrus.In this study,56 bZIP family members were identified genome-wide from an important citrus rootstock,namely trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf.),and these putative bZIPs were named PtbZIP1—PtbZIP56.All PtbZIPs were classified into 13 subgroups by phylogenetic comparison with Arabidopsis thaliana bZIPs(AtbZIPs),and they were randomly distributed on nine known(50 genes)chromosomes and one unknown(6 genes)chromosome.Sequence analysis revealed the detailed characteristics of PtPZIPs,including their amino acid length,isoelectric point(pI),molecular weight(MW),predicted subcellular localization,gene structure,and conserved motifs.Prediction of promoter elements suggested the presence of drought,low-temperature,wound,and defense and stress responsive elements,as well as multiple hormone-responsive cis-acting elements.Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed the transcriptional patterns of PtbZIPs in different tissues and under dehydration,high salt,ABA,and IAA treatments.In addition,21 PtbZIPs were predicted to have direct or indirect protein—protein interactions.Among these,PtbZIP49 was experimentally proven to interact with PtbZIP1 or PtbZIP11 by using a yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation(BiFC).Subcellular localization analysis further revealed that PtbZIP1,PtbZIP11,and PtbZIP49 were localized in the nucleus.Moreover,PtbZIP49 was functionally identified as having an important role in salt stress via ectopic expression in A.thaliana and silenced in trifoliate orange using virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS).This study provided comprehensive information on PtbZIP transcription factors in citrus and highlights their potential functions in abiotic stress.
