The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread cultivation.From an ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-mutagenized mutant library,we identified a mutant that is s...The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread cultivation.From an ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-mutagenized mutant library,we identified a mutant that is susceptible to osmotic stress,named Osmotic Stress Sensitivity 1(Oss1).Using MutMap sequencing,we characterized the role of a choline transporter-related family gene,CTR4(Choline Transporter-Related 4),in rice’s tolerance to drought and salt stress.CTR4 plays a critical role in regulating membrane lipid synthesis.In knockout mutants,the total membrane lipid content,especially unsaturated fatty acids,was significantly reduced.Compared with the wild type,knockout mutants exhibited decreased membrane lipid stability under drought and salt stress,faster water loss,higher relative electrolyte leakage,and lower levels of proline and soluble sugars,leading to impaired tolerance to drought and salt stress.In contrast,the overexpression of CTR4 enhanced seedling tolerance to drought and saline stress.The overexpression lines displayed lower malondialdehyde levels,reduced relative electrolyte leakage,and slower rates of leaf water loss under stress conditions,thereby improving seedling survival rates during stress.Moreover,lipid synthesis gene expression was down-regulated in CTR4 mutants,potentially exacerbating membrane permeability defects and further compromising stress resistance.These findings suggest that CTR4 mediates choline transport and influences cell membrane formation,thereby enhancing rice defenses against drought and salt stress by maintaining lipid homeostasis.展开更多
A genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted on a collection of 166 Chinese rice mini-core germplasms to investigate cold tolerance traits across various rice growth stages.Population structure analysis revealed...A genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted on a collection of 166 Chinese rice mini-core germplasms to investigate cold tolerance traits across various rice growth stages.Population structure analysis revealed that these accessions could be categorized into six subgroups,consistent with their geographical origins.展开更多
FeSi/Cu compositionally modulated amorphous films with different thicknesses of Cu layers have been obtained by radio-frequency sputtering.We studied the resistivity and magnetoresistance of these samples at room temp...FeSi/Cu compositionally modulated amorphous films with different thicknesses of Cu layers have been obtained by radio-frequency sputtering.We studied the resistivity and magnetoresistance of these samples at room temperature.The resistivity of FeSi/Cu compositionally modulated films(CMFs)increases with decreasing the thickness of Cu layers.The FeSi/Cu CMFs show a negative magnetoresistance effect.The magnetoresistance decreases with decreasing the Cu layer thickness dc when dc is over 20A,but it turns to increase with decreasing dc when dc is below 20A.This is probably caused by the polarization of conductive electrons of Cu.展开更多
Co-Nb/Pd multilayer films with different thicknesses of Co-Nb layers have been prepared by rf sputtering.X-ray diffraction showed that the Co-Nb layers for all samples were in amorphous state.Magnetic measurements sho...Co-Nb/Pd multilayer films with different thicknesses of Co-Nb layers have been prepared by rf sputtering.X-ray diffraction showed that the Co-Nb layers for all samples were in amorphous state.Magnetic measurements showed that the Pd atoms near the Go-Nb layers are polarized by Co atoms.The total thickness of polarization for each Pd layer is about 3.2Å.A perpendicular easy axis in Co-Nb/Pd films can be obtained when the Co-Nb layers are very thin.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD1200500)STI 2030-Major Projects,China(Grant No.2022ZD04017)Sichuan Department of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2022JDRC0111).
文摘The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread cultivation.From an ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-mutagenized mutant library,we identified a mutant that is susceptible to osmotic stress,named Osmotic Stress Sensitivity 1(Oss1).Using MutMap sequencing,we characterized the role of a choline transporter-related family gene,CTR4(Choline Transporter-Related 4),in rice’s tolerance to drought and salt stress.CTR4 plays a critical role in regulating membrane lipid synthesis.In knockout mutants,the total membrane lipid content,especially unsaturated fatty acids,was significantly reduced.Compared with the wild type,knockout mutants exhibited decreased membrane lipid stability under drought and salt stress,faster water loss,higher relative electrolyte leakage,and lower levels of proline and soluble sugars,leading to impaired tolerance to drought and salt stress.In contrast,the overexpression of CTR4 enhanced seedling tolerance to drought and saline stress.The overexpression lines displayed lower malondialdehyde levels,reduced relative electrolyte leakage,and slower rates of leaf water loss under stress conditions,thereby improving seedling survival rates during stress.Moreover,lipid synthesis gene expression was down-regulated in CTR4 mutants,potentially exacerbating membrane permeability defects and further compromising stress resistance.These findings suggest that CTR4 mediates choline transport and influences cell membrane formation,thereby enhancing rice defenses against drought and salt stress by maintaining lipid homeostasis.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China(Grant No.2023BCF01010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32201765)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.2019-GNC106107)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesthe National Crop Germplasm Resources Center,China(Grant No.NCGRC-2023-02).
文摘A genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted on a collection of 166 Chinese rice mini-core germplasms to investigate cold tolerance traits across various rice growth stages.Population structure analysis revealed that these accessions could be categorized into six subgroups,consistent with their geographical origins.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘FeSi/Cu compositionally modulated amorphous films with different thicknesses of Cu layers have been obtained by radio-frequency sputtering.We studied the resistivity and magnetoresistance of these samples at room temperature.The resistivity of FeSi/Cu compositionally modulated films(CMFs)increases with decreasing the thickness of Cu layers.The FeSi/Cu CMFs show a negative magnetoresistance effect.The magnetoresistance decreases with decreasing the Cu layer thickness dc when dc is over 20A,but it turns to increase with decreasing dc when dc is below 20A.This is probably caused by the polarization of conductive electrons of Cu.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaDoctoral Training Foundation of National Education CommissionState Key Laboratory of Magnetism,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Co-Nb/Pd multilayer films with different thicknesses of Co-Nb layers have been prepared by rf sputtering.X-ray diffraction showed that the Co-Nb layers for all samples were in amorphous state.Magnetic measurements showed that the Pd atoms near the Go-Nb layers are polarized by Co atoms.The total thickness of polarization for each Pd layer is about 3.2Å.A perpendicular easy axis in Co-Nb/Pd films can be obtained when the Co-Nb layers are very thin.
