目的评价符合入排条件的接受EFV+3TC+TDF方案的HIV-1感染者转换为艾诺米替(艾诺韦林/拉米夫定/替诺福韦,ANV/3TC/TDF)治疗144周,以及EFV+3TC+TDF转换艾考恩丙替(艾维雷韦/考比司他/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦,EVG/c/FTC/TAF)治疗48周后,继...目的评价符合入排条件的接受EFV+3TC+TDF方案的HIV-1感染者转换为艾诺米替(艾诺韦林/拉米夫定/替诺福韦,ANV/3TC/TDF)治疗144周,以及EFV+3TC+TDF转换艾考恩丙替(艾维雷韦/考比司他/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦,EVG/c/FTC/TAF)治疗48周后,继续转换为ANV/3TC/TDF治疗至144周的有效性和代谢安全性。方法本研究为SPRINT(Switching people with HIV to receive innovative NNRTI-based therapy)研究的拓展性用药研究,将研究对象分为即刻转换组(指ANV/3TC/TDF自基线治疗至第144周)和延迟转换组(指EVG/c/FTC/TAF自基线治疗48周后,转换为ANV/3TC/TDF治疗至第144周)。研究的有效性终点为治疗144周时HIV-1病毒得到抑制的研究对象百分比,代谢安全性结局包括低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)风险相关LDL-C分层,估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)用于评估肾功能安全性。结果研究共纳入731例研究对象,其中即刻转换组370例,延迟转换组361例。治疗144周时,即刻转换组与延迟转换组的研究对象病毒学抑制百分比分别为95.3%与95%,两组的CD4细胞计数自48周到144周分别上升(70.9±8.7)与(64.4±9.7)个/μL。延迟转换组的LDL-C值由于经历了0到48周上升过程,在48到144周时的降幅显著大于即刻转换组(-0.44±0.03 vs.-0.06±0.03 mmol/L,P<0.001),两组LDL-C高风险分层百分比自基线到144周分别下降60.0%和78.1%。治疗144周时两组eGFR值分别为(109.1±20.4)mL/min/1.73 m^(2)与(106.3±13.9)mL/min/1.73 m^(2),组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论EFV为核心的cART方案以及含TAF的整合酶抑制剂(INSTIs)方案转换为ANV/3TC/TDF均可实现持续病毒学抑制,同时持续改善LDL-C水平及ASCVD风险分层。由含TAF的INSTIs方案转换为ANV/3TC/TDF方案后,可显著降低LDL-C异常的研究对象比例。展开更多
Effective underwater sensing is crucial for environmental protection and sustainable energy transitions,particularly as we face growing challenges in marine ecosystem monitoring,resource management,and the need for ef...Effective underwater sensing is crucial for environmental protection and sustainable energy transitions,particularly as we face growing challenges in marine ecosystem monitoring,resource management,and the need for efficient energy infrastructure.To support these efforts,we propose a multimodal sensing approach that enhances underwater detection and distance estimation by combining affordable sonar technology with stereo vision-based depth cameras.Our method integrates the Ping 360 single-beam sonar for target detection and distance measurement with depth refinement from the Intel RealSense D455 camera.A promptable segmentation model automates sonar target detection,overcoming challenges such as acoustic noise and shadowing without requiring large labeled datasets.Depth images from the stereo camera are enhanced using a Depth-Anything model,addressing underwater-specific issues like noise,missing regions,and light attenuation,achieving accurate depth maps for distances up to 1.2 meters underwater.By leveraging multimodal sensing,this approach not only improves underwater robotics for navigation,manipulation,and exploration but also plays a key role in monitoring and maintaining energy infrastructure,such as offshore wind farms and underwater pipelines.Accurate,real-time sensing of these installations ensures more efficient operations,minimizes the environmental impact,and aids in the sustainable management of ocean resources.This enables better energy production and resource utilization,which are essential for a smarter and more sustainable energy transition.展开更多
文摘目的评价符合入排条件的接受EFV+3TC+TDF方案的HIV-1感染者转换为艾诺米替(艾诺韦林/拉米夫定/替诺福韦,ANV/3TC/TDF)治疗144周,以及EFV+3TC+TDF转换艾考恩丙替(艾维雷韦/考比司他/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦,EVG/c/FTC/TAF)治疗48周后,继续转换为ANV/3TC/TDF治疗至144周的有效性和代谢安全性。方法本研究为SPRINT(Switching people with HIV to receive innovative NNRTI-based therapy)研究的拓展性用药研究,将研究对象分为即刻转换组(指ANV/3TC/TDF自基线治疗至第144周)和延迟转换组(指EVG/c/FTC/TAF自基线治疗48周后,转换为ANV/3TC/TDF治疗至第144周)。研究的有效性终点为治疗144周时HIV-1病毒得到抑制的研究对象百分比,代谢安全性结局包括低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)风险相关LDL-C分层,估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)用于评估肾功能安全性。结果研究共纳入731例研究对象,其中即刻转换组370例,延迟转换组361例。治疗144周时,即刻转换组与延迟转换组的研究对象病毒学抑制百分比分别为95.3%与95%,两组的CD4细胞计数自48周到144周分别上升(70.9±8.7)与(64.4±9.7)个/μL。延迟转换组的LDL-C值由于经历了0到48周上升过程,在48到144周时的降幅显著大于即刻转换组(-0.44±0.03 vs.-0.06±0.03 mmol/L,P<0.001),两组LDL-C高风险分层百分比自基线到144周分别下降60.0%和78.1%。治疗144周时两组eGFR值分别为(109.1±20.4)mL/min/1.73 m^(2)与(106.3±13.9)mL/min/1.73 m^(2),组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论EFV为核心的cART方案以及含TAF的整合酶抑制剂(INSTIs)方案转换为ANV/3TC/TDF均可实现持续病毒学抑制,同时持续改善LDL-C水平及ASCVD风险分层。由含TAF的INSTIs方案转换为ANV/3TC/TDF方案后,可显著降低LDL-C异常的研究对象比例。
文摘Effective underwater sensing is crucial for environmental protection and sustainable energy transitions,particularly as we face growing challenges in marine ecosystem monitoring,resource management,and the need for efficient energy infrastructure.To support these efforts,we propose a multimodal sensing approach that enhances underwater detection and distance estimation by combining affordable sonar technology with stereo vision-based depth cameras.Our method integrates the Ping 360 single-beam sonar for target detection and distance measurement with depth refinement from the Intel RealSense D455 camera.A promptable segmentation model automates sonar target detection,overcoming challenges such as acoustic noise and shadowing without requiring large labeled datasets.Depth images from the stereo camera are enhanced using a Depth-Anything model,addressing underwater-specific issues like noise,missing regions,and light attenuation,achieving accurate depth maps for distances up to 1.2 meters underwater.By leveraging multimodal sensing,this approach not only improves underwater robotics for navigation,manipulation,and exploration but also plays a key role in monitoring and maintaining energy infrastructure,such as offshore wind farms and underwater pipelines.Accurate,real-time sensing of these installations ensures more efficient operations,minimizes the environmental impact,and aids in the sustainable management of ocean resources.This enables better energy production and resource utilization,which are essential for a smarter and more sustainable energy transition.
