The inherent drawbacks of biodiesel,particularly its poor performance in cold climates,necessitate the use of nano-additives to improve its cold flow properties such as the cloud point(CP),pour point(PP),and cold filt...The inherent drawbacks of biodiesel,particularly its poor performance in cold climates,necessitate the use of nano-additives to improve its cold flow properties such as the cloud point(CP),pour point(PP),and cold filter plugging point(CFPP).In this study,transesterification was employed to produce methyl esters from waste cooking oil,corn oil,and jatropha oil.These biodiesels were blended with diesel fuel at a 20%biodiesel and 80%diesel volume ratio and enriched with nano-Al2O3 at concentrations of 25,50,and 100 mg/L.The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of nano-Al2O3 on engine combustion,performance,exergy,and emissions of diesel engines using different biodiesel feedstocks.The addition of nano-Al2O3 to methyl ester mixtures(JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100)resulted in enhancements in thermal efficiency by 8%,11%,and 13%,respectively.CO emissions were reduced by 12%,17%,and 22%for jatropha,corn,and waste cooking oil blends,respectively,with 100 ppm alumina.This reduction in CO emissions can be linked to the enhanced oxidation process facilitated by the high surface area of the nanoparticles,which act as catalysts,promoting more complete combustion.Similarly,UHC emissions decreased by 14%,18%,and 23%,and smoke concentrations were significantly reduced by 14%,17%,and 24%across the biodiesel blends.However,the introduction of alumina led to the rise in NOx emissions by 9%,15%,and 19%for JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100,respectively.The study also revealed increases in cylinder pressure by 2%,4%,and 8%,and maximum heat release rates by 3%,6%,and 10%for JB20,CB20,and WB20,respectively,upon the incorporation of 100 ppm Al2O3.Exergetic efficiencies improved by 6%,17%,and 23%for JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100,respectively,and the sustainability index showed enhancements of 2%,4%,and 7%.Among the tested blends,WB20 with 100 ppm of nano-Al2O3 demonstrated the most promising results,significantly improving engine exergy,combustion,and performance while mitigating emissions to acceptable levels.This study underscores the potential of nano-additives to advance the sustainability and efficiency of diesel engine operations,particularly in cold climate.展开更多
Extraction of biodiesel from waste cooking oil,jatropha,and corn oils is done by transesterification.Diesel and biodiesel were blended at 20%volume ratio to make methyl ester.At doses of 25,50,and 100 mg/l,carbon nano...Extraction of biodiesel from waste cooking oil,jatropha,and corn oils is done by transesterification.Diesel and biodiesel were blended at 20%volume ratio to make methyl ester.At doses of 25,50,and 100 mg/l,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was mixed with biodiesel blend.The objective of the present research is to examine experimentally a diesel engine performance,combustion characteristics,exergy and emissions analyses with inclusion of nano additive to various methyl ester feedstocks.Methyl ester blend is enriched with CNTs as JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100 where the improvements in thermal efficiency are raised about biodiesel mixture by 9%,13%and 15%,respectively.Addition of 100 ppm of CNTs to biodiesel blends achieves the greatest reductions in CO(14%,22%and 30%),HC(16%,20%and 25%),and smoke emissions(15%,19%and 23%)for JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100,respectively.By comparing with B20,blending 100 ppm CNTs with JB20,CB20,and WB20 obtained the highest increases in cylinder pressure of 3%,5%,and 10%,as well as the highest increases in heat release of 4%,7%,and 11%,respectively.The downside of CNTs addition achieves a rise in NOx emissions by 10%,17%,and 22%for JB20C100,WB20C100,and CB20C100,respectively.Exergetic efficiency increases by 8%,19%,and 24%for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,respectively.Sustainability index improvements achieve 1.5%,5%and 6.5%,for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,respectively.WB20 with CNTs of 100 ppm is highly recommended for improving engine performance,combustion,and exergy characteristics with considerable emissions reduction.展开更多
Biodiesel is derived from waste cooking oil (WCO) by transesterification. Methylester was prepared by mixing diesel and biodiesel oils as 20% by volume. Nano particles asTiO2, Al2O3 and CNTs were blended with biodiese...Biodiesel is derived from waste cooking oil (WCO) by transesterification. Methylester was prepared by mixing diesel and biodiesel oils as 20% by volume. Nano particles asTiO2, Al2O3 and CNTs were blended with biodiesel blend at different concentrations of 25,50, and 100 mg/l to enhance the physicochemical fuel characteristics to obtain clean and effi-cient combustion performance. An experimental setup was incorporated into a diesel engine toinvestigate the influence of these nano-materials on engine performance, exergy analysis, combustion characteristics and emissions using WCO biodiesel-diesel mixture. Enriching methylester mixture with 100 ppm titanium, alumina and CNTs (B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100) increased the thermal efficiency by 4%, 6% and 11.5%, respectively compared toB20. Biodiesel blending with nano additives B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 decreasedthe emissions of CO (11%, 24% and 30%, respectively), HC (8%, 17% and 25%, respectively)and smoke (10%, 13% and 19%, respectively) compared to B20. However, the noticeable increase of NOx was estimated by 5%, 12% and 27% for B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100,respectively. Finally, the results showed the rise in peak cylinder pressure by 5%, 9% and 11% and increase in heat release rate by 4%, 8% and 13% for B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100, respectively. The fuel exergy of B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 are lower thanbiodiesel blend B20 by 6.5%, 16% and 23% but the exergetic efficiency are increased by 7%,19% and 30% at full load about B20.展开更多
文摘The inherent drawbacks of biodiesel,particularly its poor performance in cold climates,necessitate the use of nano-additives to improve its cold flow properties such as the cloud point(CP),pour point(PP),and cold filter plugging point(CFPP).In this study,transesterification was employed to produce methyl esters from waste cooking oil,corn oil,and jatropha oil.These biodiesels were blended with diesel fuel at a 20%biodiesel and 80%diesel volume ratio and enriched with nano-Al2O3 at concentrations of 25,50,and 100 mg/L.The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of nano-Al2O3 on engine combustion,performance,exergy,and emissions of diesel engines using different biodiesel feedstocks.The addition of nano-Al2O3 to methyl ester mixtures(JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100)resulted in enhancements in thermal efficiency by 8%,11%,and 13%,respectively.CO emissions were reduced by 12%,17%,and 22%for jatropha,corn,and waste cooking oil blends,respectively,with 100 ppm alumina.This reduction in CO emissions can be linked to the enhanced oxidation process facilitated by the high surface area of the nanoparticles,which act as catalysts,promoting more complete combustion.Similarly,UHC emissions decreased by 14%,18%,and 23%,and smoke concentrations were significantly reduced by 14%,17%,and 24%across the biodiesel blends.However,the introduction of alumina led to the rise in NOx emissions by 9%,15%,and 19%for JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100,respectively.The study also revealed increases in cylinder pressure by 2%,4%,and 8%,and maximum heat release rates by 3%,6%,and 10%for JB20,CB20,and WB20,respectively,upon the incorporation of 100 ppm Al2O3.Exergetic efficiencies improved by 6%,17%,and 23%for JB20A100,CB20A100,and WB20A100,respectively,and the sustainability index showed enhancements of 2%,4%,and 7%.Among the tested blends,WB20 with 100 ppm of nano-Al2O3 demonstrated the most promising results,significantly improving engine exergy,combustion,and performance while mitigating emissions to acceptable levels.This study underscores the potential of nano-additives to advance the sustainability and efficiency of diesel engine operations,particularly in cold climate.
基金carried out in the heat engine laboratory of National Research Centre(NRC),El Dokki,Egypt.Authors greatly appreciate NRC for its endless support to produce the present work.
文摘Extraction of biodiesel from waste cooking oil,jatropha,and corn oils is done by transesterification.Diesel and biodiesel were blended at 20%volume ratio to make methyl ester.At doses of 25,50,and 100 mg/l,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was mixed with biodiesel blend.The objective of the present research is to examine experimentally a diesel engine performance,combustion characteristics,exergy and emissions analyses with inclusion of nano additive to various methyl ester feedstocks.Methyl ester blend is enriched with CNTs as JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100 where the improvements in thermal efficiency are raised about biodiesel mixture by 9%,13%and 15%,respectively.Addition of 100 ppm of CNTs to biodiesel blends achieves the greatest reductions in CO(14%,22%and 30%),HC(16%,20%and 25%),and smoke emissions(15%,19%and 23%)for JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100,respectively.By comparing with B20,blending 100 ppm CNTs with JB20,CB20,and WB20 obtained the highest increases in cylinder pressure of 3%,5%,and 10%,as well as the highest increases in heat release of 4%,7%,and 11%,respectively.The downside of CNTs addition achieves a rise in NOx emissions by 10%,17%,and 22%for JB20C100,WB20C100,and CB20C100,respectively.Exergetic efficiency increases by 8%,19%,and 24%for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,respectively.Sustainability index improvements achieve 1.5%,5%and 6.5%,for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,respectively.WB20 with CNTs of 100 ppm is highly recommended for improving engine performance,combustion,and exergy characteristics with considerable emissions reduction.
文摘Biodiesel is derived from waste cooking oil (WCO) by transesterification. Methylester was prepared by mixing diesel and biodiesel oils as 20% by volume. Nano particles asTiO2, Al2O3 and CNTs were blended with biodiesel blend at different concentrations of 25,50, and 100 mg/l to enhance the physicochemical fuel characteristics to obtain clean and effi-cient combustion performance. An experimental setup was incorporated into a diesel engine toinvestigate the influence of these nano-materials on engine performance, exergy analysis, combustion characteristics and emissions using WCO biodiesel-diesel mixture. Enriching methylester mixture with 100 ppm titanium, alumina and CNTs (B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100) increased the thermal efficiency by 4%, 6% and 11.5%, respectively compared toB20. Biodiesel blending with nano additives B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 decreasedthe emissions of CO (11%, 24% and 30%, respectively), HC (8%, 17% and 25%, respectively)and smoke (10%, 13% and 19%, respectively) compared to B20. However, the noticeable increase of NOx was estimated by 5%, 12% and 27% for B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100,respectively. Finally, the results showed the rise in peak cylinder pressure by 5%, 9% and 11% and increase in heat release rate by 4%, 8% and 13% for B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100, respectively. The fuel exergy of B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 are lower thanbiodiesel blend B20 by 6.5%, 16% and 23% but the exergetic efficiency are increased by 7%,19% and 30% at full load about B20.
