Interest in hydrogen-powered rail vehicles has gradually increased worldwide over recent decades due to the global pressure on reduction in greenhouse gas emissions,technology availability,and multiple options of powe...Interest in hydrogen-powered rail vehicles has gradually increased worldwide over recent decades due to the global pressure on reduction in greenhouse gas emissions,technology availability,and multiple options of power supply.In the past,research and development have been primarily focusing on light rail and regional trains,but the interest in hydrogen-powered freight and heavy haul trains is also growing.The review shows that some technical feasibility has been demonstrated from the research and experiments on proof-of-concept designs.Several rail vehicles powered by hydrogen either are currently operating or are the subject of experimental programmes.The paper identifies that fuel cell technology is well developed and has obvious application in providing electrical traction power,while hydrogen combustion in traditional IC engines and gas turbines is not yet well developed.The need for on-board energy storage is discussed along with the benefits of energy management and control systems.展开更多
The new measured data of elastic and inelastic 20Ne+130Te scattering at an energy of 15.3 A MeV are analyzed in framework of the nuclear optical potential.Three types of semi-microscopic potentials are used:the real p...The new measured data of elastic and inelastic 20Ne+130Te scattering at an energy of 15.3 A MeV are analyzed in framework of the nuclear optical potential.Three types of semi-microscopic potentials are used:the real part is calculated using a double folding model in conjunction with the conventional phenomenological Woods-Saxon(WS)potential for the imaginary part.Two real cluster models are constructed using the cluster structure of^(20)Ne nucleus as 5αandα+^(16)O.The real part of the third potential is generated using a CDM3Y6 interaction employed for comparison.Three excited energies to the superposition of the projectile and target states,ground-state(Quasi),1.6 and 2.5 MeV are investigated using deformed potentials.The contributions of these states are calculated using a one-step distorted wave Born approximation and coupled Channels approaches.Successful calculations and results using semi-microscopic potentials in simple one-channel and coupled channels are obtained.The values of cross section and volume integrals require more contributions to enable more comparisons regarding this project.展开更多
In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are...In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are generated based on a variety of nucleon-nucleon interactions with the suggested density distributions for the halo structure of 11Li nuclei.The rearrangement term(RT)of the extended realistic density dependent CDM3Y6 effective interaction is considered.The imaginary potential was taken in the traditional standard Woods-Saxon form.Satisfactory results for the calculated potentials are obtained,with a slight effect of the RT in CDM3Y6 potential.Successful reproduction with a normalization factor close to one for the observed angular distributions of the elastic scattering differential cross section has been achieved using the derived potentials.The obtained reaction cross-section is studied as a guide by extrapolating our calculations and previous results.展开更多
文摘Interest in hydrogen-powered rail vehicles has gradually increased worldwide over recent decades due to the global pressure on reduction in greenhouse gas emissions,technology availability,and multiple options of power supply.In the past,research and development have been primarily focusing on light rail and regional trains,but the interest in hydrogen-powered freight and heavy haul trains is also growing.The review shows that some technical feasibility has been demonstrated from the research and experiments on proof-of-concept designs.Several rail vehicles powered by hydrogen either are currently operating or are the subject of experimental programmes.The paper identifies that fuel cell technology is well developed and has obvious application in providing electrical traction power,while hydrogen combustion in traditional IC engines and gas turbines is not yet well developed.The need for on-board energy storage is discussed along with the benefits of energy management and control systems.
文摘The new measured data of elastic and inelastic 20Ne+130Te scattering at an energy of 15.3 A MeV are analyzed in framework of the nuclear optical potential.Three types of semi-microscopic potentials are used:the real part is calculated using a double folding model in conjunction with the conventional phenomenological Woods-Saxon(WS)potential for the imaginary part.Two real cluster models are constructed using the cluster structure of^(20)Ne nucleus as 5αandα+^(16)O.The real part of the third potential is generated using a CDM3Y6 interaction employed for comparison.Three excited energies to the superposition of the projectile and target states,ground-state(Quasi),1.6 and 2.5 MeV are investigated using deformed potentials.The contributions of these states are calculated using a one-step distorted wave Born approximation and coupled Channels approaches.Successful calculations and results using semi-microscopic potentials in simple one-channel and coupled channels are obtained.The values of cross section and volume integrals require more contributions to enable more comparisons regarding this project.
文摘In the context of the double folding optical model,the strong refractive effect for elastic scattering of 11Li+12C and 11Li+28Si systems at incident energies of 29,50,and 60 MeV/n is studied.Real folded potentials are generated based on a variety of nucleon-nucleon interactions with the suggested density distributions for the halo structure of 11Li nuclei.The rearrangement term(RT)of the extended realistic density dependent CDM3Y6 effective interaction is considered.The imaginary potential was taken in the traditional standard Woods-Saxon form.Satisfactory results for the calculated potentials are obtained,with a slight effect of the RT in CDM3Y6 potential.Successful reproduction with a normalization factor close to one for the observed angular distributions of the elastic scattering differential cross section has been achieved using the derived potentials.The obtained reaction cross-section is studied as a guide by extrapolating our calculations and previous results.
