目的:通过等时替代模型考查24 h活动行为与高海拔地区老年人骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)、肌质量之间的关系,探索活动行为时间再分配与BMD、肌质量之间的“剂量-反应”关系。方法:采用方便抽样法,招募428名世居高海拔地区60∼80...目的:通过等时替代模型考查24 h活动行为与高海拔地区老年人骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)、肌质量之间的关系,探索活动行为时间再分配与BMD、肌质量之间的“剂量-反应”关系。方法:采用方便抽样法,招募428名世居高海拔地区60∼80岁老年人。通过加速度计测量低强度体力活动(Light Physical Activity,LPA)、中高强度体力活动(Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity,MVPA)、久坐行为(Sedentary Behavior,SB)时间,采用自我报告评价睡眠(Sleep,SLP)时间,使用等时替代模型评估LPA、MVPA、SB、SLP相互替代后与BMD、肌质量之间的关系。结果:(1)LPA与全身BMD(β=0.027)、下肢肌肉含量(Leg Muscle Mass,LMM)(β=0.728)和四肢骨骼肌质量指数(Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index,ASMI)(β=1.036)呈正相关关系;MVPA与L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.059)、股骨颈BMD(β=0.081)、跟骨BMD(β=0.076)、全身BMD(β=0.078)、上肢肌肉含量(Arm Muscle Mass,AMM)(β=0.535)、LMM(β=0.897)和AMSI(β=2.121)呈正相关关系。(2)每天30 min LPA等时替代SB可显著提高老年人AMSI(β=1.061);每天30 min MVPA等时替代LPA可显著提高老年人股骨颈BMD(β=0.077);每天30 min MVPA等时替代SB可显著提高老年人L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.055)、跟骨BMD(β=0.044)、全身BMD(β=0.071)、AMM(β=0.378)、LMM(β=0.950)和AMSI(β=2.315);每天30 min MVPA等时替代SLP可显著提高老年人L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.024)、跟骨BMD(β=0.036)。(3)随着MVPA替代SB时间增加,全身BMD和AMSI迅速上升,反之缓慢下降;随着MVPA替代LPA、SLP时间增加,全身BMD和AMSI缓慢上升,反之迅速降低。(4)在所有替代形式中,30 min MVPA替代SB对改善BMD和肌质量的效应最佳;30 min MVPA替代LPA、SLP对肌、骨健康部分指标亦有正向影响。结论:提升MVPA时长有利于改善高海拔地区老年人肌、骨健康。按照等时替代思路,促进SB向MVPA转化,是防治高海拔地区老年人骨质疏松症、肌少症的有效策略。此外,LPA向MVPA、SLP向MVPA、SB向LPA转化可能对肌、骨健康存在限制性增益效应。展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> In the multi-objective of intelligent building load scheduling, aiming at the problem of how to select Pareto frontier scheme for multi-objective optimization algorith...<div style="text-align:justify;"> In the multi-objective of intelligent building load scheduling, aiming at the problem of how to select Pareto frontier scheme for multi-objective optimization algorithm, the current optimal scheme mechanism combined with multi-objective multi-verse algorithm is used to optimize the intelligent building load scheduling. The update mechanism is changed in updating the position of the universe, and the process of correction coding is omitted in the iterative process of the algorithm, which reduces the com-putational complexity. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the optimal scheduling experiments of residential loads. </div>展开更多
文摘目的:通过等时替代模型考查24 h活动行为与高海拔地区老年人骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)、肌质量之间的关系,探索活动行为时间再分配与BMD、肌质量之间的“剂量-反应”关系。方法:采用方便抽样法,招募428名世居高海拔地区60∼80岁老年人。通过加速度计测量低强度体力活动(Light Physical Activity,LPA)、中高强度体力活动(Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity,MVPA)、久坐行为(Sedentary Behavior,SB)时间,采用自我报告评价睡眠(Sleep,SLP)时间,使用等时替代模型评估LPA、MVPA、SB、SLP相互替代后与BMD、肌质量之间的关系。结果:(1)LPA与全身BMD(β=0.027)、下肢肌肉含量(Leg Muscle Mass,LMM)(β=0.728)和四肢骨骼肌质量指数(Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index,ASMI)(β=1.036)呈正相关关系;MVPA与L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.059)、股骨颈BMD(β=0.081)、跟骨BMD(β=0.076)、全身BMD(β=0.078)、上肢肌肉含量(Arm Muscle Mass,AMM)(β=0.535)、LMM(β=0.897)和AMSI(β=2.121)呈正相关关系。(2)每天30 min LPA等时替代SB可显著提高老年人AMSI(β=1.061);每天30 min MVPA等时替代LPA可显著提高老年人股骨颈BMD(β=0.077);每天30 min MVPA等时替代SB可显著提高老年人L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.055)、跟骨BMD(β=0.044)、全身BMD(β=0.071)、AMM(β=0.378)、LMM(β=0.950)和AMSI(β=2.315);每天30 min MVPA等时替代SLP可显著提高老年人L1~L4椎骨BMD(β=0.024)、跟骨BMD(β=0.036)。(3)随着MVPA替代SB时间增加,全身BMD和AMSI迅速上升,反之缓慢下降;随着MVPA替代LPA、SLP时间增加,全身BMD和AMSI缓慢上升,反之迅速降低。(4)在所有替代形式中,30 min MVPA替代SB对改善BMD和肌质量的效应最佳;30 min MVPA替代LPA、SLP对肌、骨健康部分指标亦有正向影响。结论:提升MVPA时长有利于改善高海拔地区老年人肌、骨健康。按照等时替代思路,促进SB向MVPA转化,是防治高海拔地区老年人骨质疏松症、肌少症的有效策略。此外,LPA向MVPA、SLP向MVPA、SB向LPA转化可能对肌、骨健康存在限制性增益效应。
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> In the multi-objective of intelligent building load scheduling, aiming at the problem of how to select Pareto frontier scheme for multi-objective optimization algorithm, the current optimal scheme mechanism combined with multi-objective multi-verse algorithm is used to optimize the intelligent building load scheduling. The update mechanism is changed in updating the position of the universe, and the process of correction coding is omitted in the iterative process of the algorithm, which reduces the com-putational complexity. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the optimal scheduling experiments of residential loads. </div>
