This study addresses the persistent scarcity of systematic and comparable data on mountain tourism,with particular reference to Northern Italy,as highlighted by FAO/UNWTO reports and recent academic literature.It aims...This study addresses the persistent scarcity of systematic and comparable data on mountain tourism,with particular reference to Northern Italy,as highlighted by FAO/UNWTO reports and recent academic literature.It aims to contribute to this gap by analyzing tourist flows,socio-demographic characteristics,preferences,and behaviors of domestic visitors to the Italian Alps.Data were collected through a survey conducted between December 2023 and January 2024 among 1,218 residents of Northwest and Northeast Italy and Friuli Venezia Giulia,using a stratified sampling approach.Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were employed to examine visitation patterns,while K-means clustering was applied to identify distinct segments of mountain tourists based on activity preferences and motivations.Overall,82.5%of respondents reported visiting Alpine areas.Chi-square tests revealed statistically significant differences in visitation behavior according to age,occupational status,and income.Notably,spiritual activities,such as pilgrimages,elicited levels of interest comparable to those of more traditional mountain sports.The cluster analysis identified three visitor profiles:Active Young Enthusiasts,characterized by high engagement in multiple outdoor activities and motivated by psychological well-being and cultural enrichment;Well-being-Oriented Walkers,preferring low-intensity activities primarily driven by psychological relaxation;and Hiking-Oriented Explorers,exhibiting a strong propensity for mountain excursions associated with high levels of psychophysical well-being.These findings enhance understanding of the heterogeneous structure of mountain tourism demand in Northern Italy and offer insights relevant to sustainable destination planning and management in Alpine regions.展开更多
The scope of this research is to elaborate a strategy to minimize the logistic cost of the whey collection. The problem consists of the description of the whey collection basin and transport from CP (Cheese plant) to ...The scope of this research is to elaborate a strategy to minimize the logistic cost of the whey collection. The problem consists of the description of the whey collection basin and transport from CP (Cheese plant) to WPP (Whey processing plant). We started with an initial basic solution and proceeded with successive iterations to find the final optimal solution. Two numeric methods are proposed to solve iteratively the problem: the first one emulates the simplex method, the second one is an empirical solution to find the optimal route. Both are solved with an Excel and Google map software and do not require a dedicated LP program for calculus. The results demonstrate that both methods contribute to solve the transport problem and generate valuable information for the achievement of economic and environmental targets.展开更多
基金funded by the European Union—Next Generation EU,in the framework of the consortium i NEST—Interconnected Nord-Est Innovation Ecosystem(PNRR,Missione 4 Componente 2,Investimento 1.5 D.D.105823 June 2022,ECS_00000043—Spoke1,RT2,CUP I43C22000250006)。
文摘This study addresses the persistent scarcity of systematic and comparable data on mountain tourism,with particular reference to Northern Italy,as highlighted by FAO/UNWTO reports and recent academic literature.It aims to contribute to this gap by analyzing tourist flows,socio-demographic characteristics,preferences,and behaviors of domestic visitors to the Italian Alps.Data were collected through a survey conducted between December 2023 and January 2024 among 1,218 residents of Northwest and Northeast Italy and Friuli Venezia Giulia,using a stratified sampling approach.Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were employed to examine visitation patterns,while K-means clustering was applied to identify distinct segments of mountain tourists based on activity preferences and motivations.Overall,82.5%of respondents reported visiting Alpine areas.Chi-square tests revealed statistically significant differences in visitation behavior according to age,occupational status,and income.Notably,spiritual activities,such as pilgrimages,elicited levels of interest comparable to those of more traditional mountain sports.The cluster analysis identified three visitor profiles:Active Young Enthusiasts,characterized by high engagement in multiple outdoor activities and motivated by psychological well-being and cultural enrichment;Well-being-Oriented Walkers,preferring low-intensity activities primarily driven by psychological relaxation;and Hiking-Oriented Explorers,exhibiting a strong propensity for mountain excursions associated with high levels of psychophysical well-being.These findings enhance understanding of the heterogeneous structure of mountain tourism demand in Northern Italy and offer insights relevant to sustainable destination planning and management in Alpine regions.
文摘The scope of this research is to elaborate a strategy to minimize the logistic cost of the whey collection. The problem consists of the description of the whey collection basin and transport from CP (Cheese plant) to WPP (Whey processing plant). We started with an initial basic solution and proceeded with successive iterations to find the final optimal solution. Two numeric methods are proposed to solve iteratively the problem: the first one emulates the simplex method, the second one is an empirical solution to find the optimal route. Both are solved with an Excel and Google map software and do not require a dedicated LP program for calculus. The results demonstrate that both methods contribute to solve the transport problem and generate valuable information for the achievement of economic and environmental targets.
