The order Watanabeales(Trebouxiophyceae,Chlorophyta)was established in 2021 to include unicellular coccoid green algae but its species diversity must be further explored.The genus Jaagichlorella(Watanabeales)currently...The order Watanabeales(Trebouxiophyceae,Chlorophyta)was established in 2021 to include unicellular coccoid green algae but its species diversity must be further explored.The genus Jaagichlorella(Watanabeales)currently encompasses nine species and two varieties.In this study,strain FACHB-3637 was isolated from tree bark in Yunnan Province,China.A polyphasic approach combining molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphology was used to investigate the strain.The results reveal that strain FACHB-3637 represents a new lineage within the genus Jaagichlorella,and we propose it as a new species,Jaagichlorella menglunensis sp.nov.Additionally,we report the complete mitochondrial genome of this new species and present a comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in the genus Jaagichlorella.The analysis reveals substantial differences in mitochondrial genome size,structure,and gene composition among J.menglunensis,J.hainangensis,and J.roystonensis.展开更多
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN)messenger RNA(mRNA)delivery has fueled a great hope for tumor immunotherapy via augmenting the immune sensitivity in many human cancers.However,therapeutic ...Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN)messenger RNA(mRNA)delivery has fueled a great hope for tumor immunotherapy via augmenting the immune sensitivity in many human cancers.However,therapeutic efficacy and clinical translation are limited by inadequate mRNA expression,insufficient immune stimulation and stringent storage requirements.Herein,inspired by the intrinsic properties of metal ions and exosomes,we developed a biomimetic delivery system(Mn-NP@PM)with superior stability for precise colorectal cancer immunotherapy.This platform employs adjuvant-metal-ion chelation for PTEN mRNA loading and PD-L1 antibodies(αPD-L1)-modified monocyte-macrophage membrane coating for mRNA protection and tumor targeting.Mn^(2+) was specifically selected due to its capacity for reversible mRNA binding through weak non-electrostatic interactions,facilitating efficient release,while simultaneously activating the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway.Importantly,Mn-NP@PM exhibited membrane fusion for immediate cytosolic mRNA delivery,bypassing endo-lysosomal escape,optimizing transportation efficiency.Clinical-data-driven analyses further demonstrated that Mn-NP@PM-mediated PTEN restoration significantly increased T-cell infiltration and strengthened antitumor immunity in humanized patient derived xenograft(PDX)models.Collectively,this biomimetic,metal-ion-chelating,membrane-coated mRNA delivery system represents a versatile and clinically translatable strategy for personalized cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
The global consumption of p-xylene(PX)for the production of polymers has raised serious concerns about its impact on the environment.As various reports have shown the risks that PX could pose to human health,research ...The global consumption of p-xylene(PX)for the production of polymers has raised serious concerns about its impact on the environment.As various reports have shown the risks that PX could pose to human health,research into cost-effective remedial methods to remove PX from the environment has gained attraction.In this work,a hierarchical porous crab shell biochar(KCS)was synthesized,characterized,and evaluated for its efficiency to remove PX from aqueous solution.The characterizations of KCS,including the porous structure,surface functional group,phase structure,and surface morphology,were discussed by N_(2) adsorption-desorption,FTIR,XRD,and SEM.Batch adsorption experiments showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of PX on KCS was 393 mg/g within 5 min,larger than most biological/biomass materials,mainly due to the higher specific surface area of 2046 m^(2)/g,and abundant lipophilic functional groups.Subsequent adsorption kinetics study indicated a pseudo-second-order model which implied that the adsorption of PX was due to chemisorption.Thermodynamic parameters showed that the values ofΔH°andΔG°were both negative,indicating that the PX adsorption process on KCS was spontaneous and exothermic.The performance of KCS in delivering a cost-effective,fast,and efficient solution for the removal of PX from aqueous solution would greatly benefit current environmental remediation efforts.展开更多
This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes(2024).Alqifari et al focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor ag...This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes(2024).Alqifari et al focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information.We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the‘incretin effect’,the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose,and the identification of the incretin hormones,GIP and GLP-1.In addition to stimulating insulin,GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying.GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life.The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week.They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia,stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection.The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly,with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss.There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetes has become a widespread metabolic disease affecting multiple organs.Among diabetic complications,cardiovascular complications are the main cause of patient morbidity and mortality.Diabetic cardiomy...BACKGROUND Diabetes has become a widespread metabolic disease affecting multiple organs.Among diabetic complications,cardiovascular complications are the main cause of patient morbidity and mortality.Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a diabetes-specific cardiomyopathy in the absence of other cardiovascular disease and occurs more frequently in type 1 diabetes(T1D)than in type 2 diabetes.Previous studies on diabetic cardiomyopathy have predominantly focused on the effects of diabetes on left ventricular(LV)dysfunction,while studies of right ventricular(RV)dysfunction have been sparse but are gaining attention.Although T1D accounts for only 5%-10%of the total diabetic population,diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with life-long,long-term complications.AIM To evaluate longitudinal RV and LV functional changes in female transgenic OVE26,T1D mice and wild-type FVB mice over a 30-week period.METHODS RV and LV structure and function were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography.RV systolic pressure was measured by a transducer-tipped pressure catheter.Sirius-red staining was used to quantify collagen and fibrosis,wheat germ agglutinin staining was utilized to measure cardiomyocyte size,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to quantify miRNA expression and protein abundance,respectively.RESULTS RV systolic function,measured by tricuspid valve annular plane systolic excursion and RV systolic velocity,was similar between control and T1D mice,but LV systolic function decreased in T1D mice at 30 weeks of age.RV diastolic dysfunction in T1D mice significantly increased by 18 weeks and progressed until 30 weeks,while LV diastolic dysfunction trended towards abnormal at 12 weeks,significantly increased by 18 weeks,and continued to progress by 30 weeks.Furthermore,RV diastolic dysfunction was accompanied by RV cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in T1D mice,occurring later than that in the LV.Pulmonary arterial hypertension developed in T1D mice,evidenced by increased pulmonary acceleration time to pulmonary ejection time ratio and increased RV peak systolic pressure at 30 weeks.These results suggest the development of early LV diastolic dysfunction followed by LV systolic dysfunction and RV diastolic dysfunction at 30 weeks in T1D mice.CONCLUSION RV diastolic dysfunction develops later than LV dysfunction in OVE26 T1D mice.Mild pulmonary arterial hypertension appear at later stages of T1D and could contribute to RV systolic impairment and remodeling.展开更多
Developing advanced ion-conductive networks is crucial for anion exchange membranes(AEMs).A flexible molecular structure facilitates the formation of ion clusters,resulting in enhanced ionic conductivity.Polyacrylates...Developing advanced ion-conductive networks is crucial for anion exchange membranes(AEMs).A flexible molecular structure facilitates the formation of ion clusters,resulting in enhanced ionic conductivity.Polyacrylates,known for their outstanding flexibility and chemical stability,hold significant potential as polymer electrolyte membranes.In this work,we innovatively constructed a series of polyacrylate-based AEMs decorated with pendant zwitterions(designated as PSBPA-X,BSBPA-X,where X=20,30,40).Specifically,the spacer length between the zwitterions is strategically optimized to enhance the ionic conductivity.Atomic force microscopy reveals that a longer spacer length between the zwitterions promotes the microphase separation and the formation of advanced water channels,which facilitates the OH^(-)transport in the BSBPA-40 membrane.Moreover,the stronger electrostatic potential and lower interaction energy between the BSBPA-40 and OH^(-)further contribute to efficient OH^(-)hopping transmission.Consequently,the BSBPA-40 membrane demonstrates the highest OH^(-)conductivity,achieving 102.1 mS cm^(-1)at 80℃ and 90% relative humidity,significantly surpassing that of the PSBPA-40 membrane(75.2 mS cm^(-1)).Additionally,the BSBPA-40 membrane exhibits remarkable flexibility with an improved breaking elongation of 480.5%due to the ionic cross-linking between the zwitterions.Notably,the BSBPA-40 membrane-based zinc-air battery achieves an outstanding power density of 156.7 mW cm^(-2)at room temperature,while its water electrolysis performance reaches 2.1 A cm^(-2)at 2.0 V.These results indicate that the developed membranes hold great promise for applications in sustainable and clean energy technologies.展开更多
Traditional hydrogels are inevitably damaged during practical applications,resulting in a gradual deterioration of their functional efficacy.A primary strategy to address this issue involves developing hydrogels with ...Traditional hydrogels are inevitably damaged during practical applications,resulting in a gradual deterioration of their functional efficacy.A primary strategy to address this issue involves developing hydrogels with inherent self-healing properties.In this study,we report the synthesis of self-healing polyacrylate hydrogels that integrate zwitterions,hydrophilic nano-silica and aluminum ions.Due to the synergistic effect of multiple hydrogen bonds,coordination bonds and electrostatic interactions,the tensile strength of the hydrogel is enhanced from 15.1 to 162.6 kPa.Moreover,the electrical resistance and tensile strength of the hydrogel can almost recover to its initial values after 20 min of healing at room temperature,exhibiting remarkable self-healing performance.Furthermore,the zwitterionic polyacrylate hydrogel serves as a wearable sensor with the capability of accurately response to the bending and stretching of human joints,exhibting a gauge factor of 1.87 under tensile strain ranging from 80% to 100%.Even after being freezed at-20℃ for 3 h,the zwitterionic polyacrylate hydrogel retains its exceptional writing performance.In conclusion,the hydrogels developed in this study demonstrate significant potential for wearable electronics applications.展开更多
To investigate the deposition distribution of snow particles in the bogie surfaces of a high-speed train,a snow particle deposition model,based on the critical capture velocity and the critical shear velocity,was elab...To investigate the deposition distribution of snow particles in the bogie surfaces of a high-speed train,a snow particle deposition model,based on the critical capture velocity and the critical shear velocity,was elaborated.Simulations based on the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)approach coupled with Discrete Phase Model(DPM)were used to analyze the motion of snow particles.The results show that the cross beam of the bogie frame,the anti-snake damper,the intermediate brake clamps in the rear wheels,the traction rod and the anti-rolling torsion bar are prone to accumulate snow.The accumulation mass relating to the vertical surface in the rear region,horizontal surface in the front region and the corner area of the bogie is high.The average snow accumulation mass for each component ordered from high to low is as follow:traction rod,frame,bolster,brake clamp 2,anti-rolling torsion bar,brake clamp 1,transverse damper,axle box 2,axle box 1,air spring,anti-snake damper,tread cleaning device.The snow accumulation mass on the front components of the bogie is more significant than that relating to the rear components.Particularly,the average snow accumulation mass of rear brake clamp 2 and axle box 2 is about twice as high as that of the front brake clamp 1 and axle box 1.展开更多
Objective:To explore the core acupoints and combination rules of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy,and,further to analyze the characteristics of the prescription of acupunc...Objective:To explore the core acupoints and combination rules of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy,and,further to analyze the characteristics of the prescription of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy.Methods:Relevant clinical studies in seven databases were searched systematically from database inception to 1 st October 2020.Based on data mining techniques,the core acupoints,characteristics and combination rules of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy were analyzed comprehensively.Statistics collected and analysis of acupoint selection included the frequency of usage of acupoints,the meridian of acupoints,the location of acupoints and the combination of acupoints.Cluster and association analysis were performed utilizing Excel 13.0 and SPSS 26.0.Results:In the 36 studies included,the most frequently adopted acupoint was Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交 SP6);the most frequently adopted meridian was the foot-taiyin spleen meridian;the most frequently involved location was the lower limbs;and the most frequently adopted combination of acupoints was SP6 and Zhōngjí(中极CV 3).Cluster analysis showed that the acupoints could be divided into three categories:the first group comprised SP6 alone;the second group included CV3,Guānyuán(关元CV4),Yīnlíngquán(阴陵泉SP9) and Zúsānlǐ(足三里ST36);and the third group included Pángguāngshū(膀胱俞BL28),Chéngshān(承山BL57),Tàichōng(太冲LR3),Zhìbiān(秩边 BL54),Tàixī(太溪KI6),Hégǔ(合谷 LI4),Xuèhǎi(血海SP10),Qìhǎi(气海CV6) and Shǔidào(水道ST28).Conclusion:It was found that acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy mainly follows the four characteristic rules:the selection of acupoints following the meridian,selection of acupoints at local points,selection of acupoints at distal points and selection of acupoints according to special symptoms.展开更多
In this study,a porous biochar material derived from waste crab shell was prepared by one-step hydrothermal carbonization and acetic acid activation method at 180°C,which was characterized by SEM,BET,XRD and FTIR...In this study,a porous biochar material derived from waste crab shell was prepared by one-step hydrothermal carbonization and acetic acid activation method at 180°C,which was characterized by SEM,BET,XRD and FTIR.The results show that the as-prepared crab shell biochar(CSB)exhibits a fluffy irregular layered structure with abundant pores and oxygen-containing functional groups,which can facilitate the adsorption of diesel using CSB.In addition,batch adsorption experiments had been performed,effects of initial diesel concentration,adsorption time,adsorbent dosage and pH on the diesel adsorption using CSB were analyzed,which could be observed that CSB has high removal efficiency for diesel,and the maximum removal rate is up to 80.1%.The adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies were also investigated to determine the adsorption mechanism of diesel using CSB,the results show that the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model are more suitable for describing the adsorption of diesel using CSB,indicating that the adsorption of diesel oil by CSB is monolayer chemical adsorption.This study will provide a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of waste crab shell,which has a great potential in the treatment of oil spill.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32200171,32200173)the High-level Talent Startup Fund,Excellent Discipline Cultivation Project of Jianghan University(No.2023XKZ024)。
文摘The order Watanabeales(Trebouxiophyceae,Chlorophyta)was established in 2021 to include unicellular coccoid green algae but its species diversity must be further explored.The genus Jaagichlorella(Watanabeales)currently encompasses nine species and two varieties.In this study,strain FACHB-3637 was isolated from tree bark in Yunnan Province,China.A polyphasic approach combining molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphology was used to investigate the strain.The results reveal that strain FACHB-3637 represents a new lineage within the genus Jaagichlorella,and we propose it as a new species,Jaagichlorella menglunensis sp.nov.Additionally,we report the complete mitochondrial genome of this new species and present a comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in the genus Jaagichlorella.The analysis reveals substantial differences in mitochondrial genome size,structure,and gene composition among J.menglunensis,J.hainangensis,and J.roystonensis.
基金supported by the Basic Science Center Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22388101)New Cornerstone Science Foundation(NCI202318)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171398 and T242200557)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFA1610200 and 2022YFA1603701)Beijing Nova Program(20220484060,20230484426,and 20240484661)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(F251001)Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-036)the One Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(E3G551R1ZX)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS2019-I2M-5-018).
文摘Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN)messenger RNA(mRNA)delivery has fueled a great hope for tumor immunotherapy via augmenting the immune sensitivity in many human cancers.However,therapeutic efficacy and clinical translation are limited by inadequate mRNA expression,insufficient immune stimulation and stringent storage requirements.Herein,inspired by the intrinsic properties of metal ions and exosomes,we developed a biomimetic delivery system(Mn-NP@PM)with superior stability for precise colorectal cancer immunotherapy.This platform employs adjuvant-metal-ion chelation for PTEN mRNA loading and PD-L1 antibodies(αPD-L1)-modified monocyte-macrophage membrane coating for mRNA protection and tumor targeting.Mn^(2+) was specifically selected due to its capacity for reversible mRNA binding through weak non-electrostatic interactions,facilitating efficient release,while simultaneously activating the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway.Importantly,Mn-NP@PM exhibited membrane fusion for immediate cytosolic mRNA delivery,bypassing endo-lysosomal escape,optimizing transportation efficiency.Clinical-data-driven analyses further demonstrated that Mn-NP@PM-mediated PTEN restoration significantly increased T-cell infiltration and strengthened antitumor immunity in humanized patient derived xenograft(PDX)models.Collectively,this biomimetic,metal-ion-chelating,membrane-coated mRNA delivery system represents a versatile and clinically translatable strategy for personalized cancer immunotherapy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(No.LQ16D060004)Key Research and Development Projects of Zhejiang Province of China(No.2018C02043)+1 种基金Demonstration Project of Marine Economic Innovation and Development of Zhoushan City of ChinaDemonstration Project of Marine Economic Innovation and Development of Yantai City of China(No.YHCX-SW-L-201705).
文摘The global consumption of p-xylene(PX)for the production of polymers has raised serious concerns about its impact on the environment.As various reports have shown the risks that PX could pose to human health,research into cost-effective remedial methods to remove PX from the environment has gained attraction.In this work,a hierarchical porous crab shell biochar(KCS)was synthesized,characterized,and evaluated for its efficiency to remove PX from aqueous solution.The characterizations of KCS,including the porous structure,surface functional group,phase structure,and surface morphology,were discussed by N_(2) adsorption-desorption,FTIR,XRD,and SEM.Batch adsorption experiments showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of PX on KCS was 393 mg/g within 5 min,larger than most biological/biomass materials,mainly due to the higher specific surface area of 2046 m^(2)/g,and abundant lipophilic functional groups.Subsequent adsorption kinetics study indicated a pseudo-second-order model which implied that the adsorption of PX was due to chemisorption.Thermodynamic parameters showed that the values ofΔH°andΔG°were both negative,indicating that the PX adsorption process on KCS was spontaneous and exothermic.The performance of KCS in delivering a cost-effective,fast,and efficient solution for the removal of PX from aqueous solution would greatly benefit current environmental remediation efforts.
文摘This editorial is stimulated by the article by Alqifari et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes(2024).Alqifari et al focus on practical advice for the clinical use of glucagon-like-peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)in the management of type 2 diabetes and this editorial provides complementary information.We initially give a brief historical perspective of the development of GLP-1RAs stimulated by recognition of the‘incretin effect’,the substantially greater insulin increase to enteral when compared to euglycaemic intravenous glucose,and the identification of the incretin hormones,GIP and GLP-1.In addition to stimulating insulin,GLP-1 reduces postprandial glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying.GLP-1RAs were developed because native GLP-1 has a very short plasma half-life.The majority of current GLP-1RAs are administered by subcutaneous injection once a week.They are potent in glucose lowering without leading to hypoglycaemia,stimulate weight loss in obese individuals and lead to cardiovascular and renal protection.The landscape in relation to GLP-1RAs is broadening rapidly,with different formulations and their combination with other peptides to facilitate both glucose lowering and weight loss.There is a need for more information relating to the effects of GLP-1RAs to induce gastrointestinal symptoms and slow gastric emptying which is likely to allow their use to become more effective and personalised.
基金Supported by the University of Louisville-China Pediatric Research Exchange Program(Cai L,Tan Y,Huang J,and Keller B,no salary support)University of Louisville Executive Vice President for Research and Innovation Internal Grant(Huang J and Cai L)University of Louisville School of Medicine Basic Grant(Huang J and Cai L).
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes has become a widespread metabolic disease affecting multiple organs.Among diabetic complications,cardiovascular complications are the main cause of patient morbidity and mortality.Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a diabetes-specific cardiomyopathy in the absence of other cardiovascular disease and occurs more frequently in type 1 diabetes(T1D)than in type 2 diabetes.Previous studies on diabetic cardiomyopathy have predominantly focused on the effects of diabetes on left ventricular(LV)dysfunction,while studies of right ventricular(RV)dysfunction have been sparse but are gaining attention.Although T1D accounts for only 5%-10%of the total diabetic population,diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with life-long,long-term complications.AIM To evaluate longitudinal RV and LV functional changes in female transgenic OVE26,T1D mice and wild-type FVB mice over a 30-week period.METHODS RV and LV structure and function were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography.RV systolic pressure was measured by a transducer-tipped pressure catheter.Sirius-red staining was used to quantify collagen and fibrosis,wheat germ agglutinin staining was utilized to measure cardiomyocyte size,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to quantify miRNA expression and protein abundance,respectively.RESULTS RV systolic function,measured by tricuspid valve annular plane systolic excursion and RV systolic velocity,was similar between control and T1D mice,but LV systolic function decreased in T1D mice at 30 weeks of age.RV diastolic dysfunction in T1D mice significantly increased by 18 weeks and progressed until 30 weeks,while LV diastolic dysfunction trended towards abnormal at 12 weeks,significantly increased by 18 weeks,and continued to progress by 30 weeks.Furthermore,RV diastolic dysfunction was accompanied by RV cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in T1D mice,occurring later than that in the LV.Pulmonary arterial hypertension developed in T1D mice,evidenced by increased pulmonary acceleration time to pulmonary ejection time ratio and increased RV peak systolic pressure at 30 weeks.These results suggest the development of early LV diastolic dysfunction followed by LV systolic dysfunction and RV diastolic dysfunction at 30 weeks in T1D mice.CONCLUSION RV diastolic dysfunction develops later than LV dysfunction in OVE26 T1D mice.Mild pulmonary arterial hypertension appear at later stages of T1D and could contribute to RV systolic impairment and remodeling.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0138900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972017)the“Scientific and Technical Innovation Action Plan”Basic Research Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(19JC1410500).
文摘Developing advanced ion-conductive networks is crucial for anion exchange membranes(AEMs).A flexible molecular structure facilitates the formation of ion clusters,resulting in enhanced ionic conductivity.Polyacrylates,known for their outstanding flexibility and chemical stability,hold significant potential as polymer electrolyte membranes.In this work,we innovatively constructed a series of polyacrylate-based AEMs decorated with pendant zwitterions(designated as PSBPA-X,BSBPA-X,where X=20,30,40).Specifically,the spacer length between the zwitterions is strategically optimized to enhance the ionic conductivity.Atomic force microscopy reveals that a longer spacer length between the zwitterions promotes the microphase separation and the formation of advanced water channels,which facilitates the OH^(-)transport in the BSBPA-40 membrane.Moreover,the stronger electrostatic potential and lower interaction energy between the BSBPA-40 and OH^(-)further contribute to efficient OH^(-)hopping transmission.Consequently,the BSBPA-40 membrane demonstrates the highest OH^(-)conductivity,achieving 102.1 mS cm^(-1)at 80℃ and 90% relative humidity,significantly surpassing that of the PSBPA-40 membrane(75.2 mS cm^(-1)).Additionally,the BSBPA-40 membrane exhibits remarkable flexibility with an improved breaking elongation of 480.5%due to the ionic cross-linking between the zwitterions.Notably,the BSBPA-40 membrane-based zinc-air battery achieves an outstanding power density of 156.7 mW cm^(-2)at room temperature,while its water electrolysis performance reaches 2.1 A cm^(-2)at 2.0 V.These results indicate that the developed membranes hold great promise for applications in sustainable and clean energy technologies.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0138900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972017)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Ministry of Education of China(D5000240188)the"Scientific and Technical Innovation Action Plan"Basic Research Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(19JC1410500)。
文摘Traditional hydrogels are inevitably damaged during practical applications,resulting in a gradual deterioration of their functional efficacy.A primary strategy to address this issue involves developing hydrogels with inherent self-healing properties.In this study,we report the synthesis of self-healing polyacrylate hydrogels that integrate zwitterions,hydrophilic nano-silica and aluminum ions.Due to the synergistic effect of multiple hydrogen bonds,coordination bonds and electrostatic interactions,the tensile strength of the hydrogel is enhanced from 15.1 to 162.6 kPa.Moreover,the electrical resistance and tensile strength of the hydrogel can almost recover to its initial values after 20 min of healing at room temperature,exhibiting remarkable self-healing performance.Furthermore,the zwitterionic polyacrylate hydrogel serves as a wearable sensor with the capability of accurately response to the bending and stretching of human joints,exhibting a gauge factor of 1.87 under tensile strain ranging from 80% to 100%.Even after being freezed at-20℃ for 3 h,the zwitterionic polyacrylate hydrogel retains its exceptional writing performance.In conclusion,the hydrogels developed in this study demonstrate significant potential for wearable electronics applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[Grant No.2016YFB1200402].
文摘To investigate the deposition distribution of snow particles in the bogie surfaces of a high-speed train,a snow particle deposition model,based on the critical capture velocity and the critical shear velocity,was elaborated.Simulations based on the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)approach coupled with Discrete Phase Model(DPM)were used to analyze the motion of snow particles.The results show that the cross beam of the bogie frame,the anti-snake damper,the intermediate brake clamps in the rear wheels,the traction rod and the anti-rolling torsion bar are prone to accumulate snow.The accumulation mass relating to the vertical surface in the rear region,horizontal surface in the front region and the corner area of the bogie is high.The average snow accumulation mass for each component ordered from high to low is as follow:traction rod,frame,bolster,brake clamp 2,anti-rolling torsion bar,brake clamp 1,transverse damper,axle box 2,axle box 1,air spring,anti-snake damper,tread cleaning device.The snow accumulation mass on the front components of the bogie is more significant than that relating to the rear components.Particularly,the average snow accumulation mass of rear brake clamp 2 and axle box 2 is about twice as high as that of the front brake clamp 1 and axle box 1.
文摘Objective:To explore the core acupoints and combination rules of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy,and,further to analyze the characteristics of the prescription of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy.Methods:Relevant clinical studies in seven databases were searched systematically from database inception to 1 st October 2020.Based on data mining techniques,the core acupoints,characteristics and combination rules of acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy were analyzed comprehensively.Statistics collected and analysis of acupoint selection included the frequency of usage of acupoints,the meridian of acupoints,the location of acupoints and the combination of acupoints.Cluster and association analysis were performed utilizing Excel 13.0 and SPSS 26.0.Results:In the 36 studies included,the most frequently adopted acupoint was Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交 SP6);the most frequently adopted meridian was the foot-taiyin spleen meridian;the most frequently involved location was the lower limbs;and the most frequently adopted combination of acupoints was SP6 and Zhōngjí(中极CV 3).Cluster analysis showed that the acupoints could be divided into three categories:the first group comprised SP6 alone;the second group included CV3,Guānyuán(关元CV4),Yīnlíngquán(阴陵泉SP9) and Zúsānlǐ(足三里ST36);and the third group included Pángguāngshū(膀胱俞BL28),Chéngshān(承山BL57),Tàichōng(太冲LR3),Zhìbiān(秩边 BL54),Tàixī(太溪KI6),Hégǔ(合谷 LI4),Xuèhǎi(血海SP10),Qìhǎi(气海CV6) and Shǔidào(水道ST28).Conclusion:It was found that acupuncture therapy for postoperative urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy mainly follows the four characteristic rules:the selection of acupoints following the meridian,selection of acupoints at local points,selection of acupoints at distal points and selection of acupoints according to special symptoms.
基金This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes(Nos.2019J00045,2019J00025)the General Research Project of Zhejiang Province Education Department(No.Y202044721)Key Research and Development Projects of Zhejiang Province of China(No.2018C02043).
文摘In this study,a porous biochar material derived from waste crab shell was prepared by one-step hydrothermal carbonization and acetic acid activation method at 180°C,which was characterized by SEM,BET,XRD and FTIR.The results show that the as-prepared crab shell biochar(CSB)exhibits a fluffy irregular layered structure with abundant pores and oxygen-containing functional groups,which can facilitate the adsorption of diesel using CSB.In addition,batch adsorption experiments had been performed,effects of initial diesel concentration,adsorption time,adsorbent dosage and pH on the diesel adsorption using CSB were analyzed,which could be observed that CSB has high removal efficiency for diesel,and the maximum removal rate is up to 80.1%.The adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies were also investigated to determine the adsorption mechanism of diesel using CSB,the results show that the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model are more suitable for describing the adsorption of diesel using CSB,indicating that the adsorption of diesel oil by CSB is monolayer chemical adsorption.This study will provide a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of waste crab shell,which has a great potential in the treatment of oil spill.
