BiMeO_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(where Me represents transition metals)perovskite-type thin films have been widely studied due to their superior ferroelectric properties,including robust ferroelectric polarization and high Curie ...BiMeO_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(where Me represents transition metals)perovskite-type thin films have been widely studied due to their superior ferroelectric properties,including robust ferroelectric polarization and high Curie temperatures.In this study,PbTiO_(3)-based perovskite thin films of xBi(Cu_(1/2)Zr_(1/2))O_(3)–(1-x)PbTiO_(3)(xBCZ–(1-x)PT)were designed and prepared on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO_2/Si substrates using the conventional sol–gel method.The x BCZ–(1-x)PT thin films demonstrate remarkable crystallinity,characterized by a perovskite structure and a dense microstructure,which contribute to their highperformance ferroelectric and fatigue properties.Notably,the thin films exhibit large remnant polarization(2P_(r0))values,reaching 98μC·cm^(-2)and 74μC·cm^(-2)for the 0.05BCZ–0.95PT and 0.1BCZ–0.9PT compositions,respectively.Furthermore,the thin films also demonstrate a high Curie temperature(T_(C)=510℃),as well as favorable fatigue properties and low leakage current,suggesting their potential applicability in ferroelectric devices.展开更多
The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, w...The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesized a Fe2O3 photoanode. In addition, d-Fe OOH synthesized via dip-coating and hydrothermally prepared h-FeOOH were used as cocatalysts and their synergistic combinations with cobalt phosphate(Co-Pi) were investigated. The synergy between h-FeOOH and Co-Pi was remarkable, whereas that between d-Fe OOH and Co-Pi was negligible. For example, the onset potentials of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH and Co-Pi/d-FeOOH dual catalysts, were cathodically shifted by 270 and 170 m V, respectively. Moreover, the photocurrent density of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode was significantly higher than that of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 one. The synergistic effect of Co-Pi and h-FeOOH could be attributed to the significantly inhibited recombination of surface charges owing to the formation of a p-n junction between β-FeOOH and Fe2O3 and the large contact area between the granular h-FeOOH and Co-Pi. However, the thin amorphous FeOOH layer of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode acted as a hole-transfer medium, and weakly promoted the kinetics of the charge transfer process.展开更多
Generally,most materials expand when heated and contract when cooled,whereas negative thermal expansion(NTE)materials are very rare.As a typical NTE material,PbTiO_(3) and related compounds have drawn particular inter...Generally,most materials expand when heated and contract when cooled,whereas negative thermal expansion(NTE)materials are very rare.As a typical NTE material,PbTiO_(3) and related compounds have drawn particular interest in recent years.The discovery of an enhanced NTE system in PbTiO_(3) is beneficial to deepen our understanding of its mechanism and regulate its properties.At present,the method of discriminating an enhanced NTE material based on PbTiO_(3) is not universal.Here,we propose a semi-empirical method through evaluating the average lattice distortion in related systems to estimate the relative coefficient of thermal expansion conveniently.The rationality of the method was verified by the analysis of the 0.6PbTiO_(3)-0.4Bi(Ga_(x)Fe_(1-x))O_(3) system.So far,all PbTiO_(3)-based compounds with enhanced NTE conform well to this method.This method provides the possibility to find more enhanced NTE PbTiO_(3)-based materials.展开更多
The direct one-step separation of polymer-grade C_(2)H_(4) from complex light hydrocarbon mixtures has high industrial significance but is very challenging.Herein,an ethylene-adsorption-weakening strategy is applied f...The direct one-step separation of polymer-grade C_(2)H_(4) from complex light hydrocarbon mixtures has high industrial significance but is very challenging.Herein,an ethylene-adsorption-weakening strategy is applied for precise regulation of the pore geometry of four tailor-made metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with pillar-layered structures,dubbed TYUT-10/11/12/13.Based on its pore geometry design and functional group regulation,TYUT-12 exhibits exceptional selective adsorption selectivity toward C_(3)H_(8),C_(3)H_(6),C_(2)H_(6),C_(2)H_(2),and CO_(2) over C_(2)H_(4);its C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4) adsorption selectivity reaches 4.56,surpassing the record value of 4.4 by Fe_(2)(O_(2))(dobdc)(dobdc^(4-)=2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate).The weak p–p stacking binding affinity toward C_(2)H_(4) in TYUT-12 is clearly demonstrated through a combination of neutron powder diffraction measurements and theoretical calculations.Breakthrough experiments demonstrate that C_(2)H_(4) can be directly obtained from binary,ternary,quaternary,and six-component light hydrocarbon mixtures with over 99.95%purity.展开更多
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering principles to design and construct new biological components,devices,and systems for understanding and reprogramming biological functions.This ...Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering principles to design and construct new biological components,devices,and systems for understanding and reprogramming biological functions.This field aims to create novel biological entities with specific functions or solutions to particular problems through precise manipulation of biomolecules and cells.Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the tissues of the urinary bladder and primarily affects the urothelial cells lining the bladder wall.Synthetic biology technology,while relatively new for the treatment of bladder cancer,has promising potential for providing innovative solutions for the detection,treatment,and management of bladder cancer.This article reviews the latest research progress in the field of synthetic biology applied to bladder cancer.This research focuses on the application of gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-CRISPR-associated protein 9 to precisely modify the genome of bladder cancer cells to inhibit their growth and proliferation.Additionally,it introduces methods for enhancing antitumor immune responses through the modification of immune cells,such as chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell therapy.Furthermore,this article explores the potential of the use of genetically engineered bacteria as an emerging treatment option for bladder cancer.Despite challenges such as targeting specificity,safety,and cost,synthetic biology technologies provide new perspectives and strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer.With continuous advancements in technology and strengthened interdisciplinary collaboration,the application of synthetic biology in bladder cancer treatment holds great promise,potentially offering patients new treatment options and hope.展开更多
Development of piezoelectric materials through chemical design meets the requirement of the nextgeneration electronic devices,yet the sensitive piezoelectricity to both chemical components and operational environment ...Development of piezoelectric materials through chemical design meets the requirement of the nextgeneration electronic devices,yet the sensitive piezoelectricity to both chemical components and operational environment call for the trial and error method during material preparation.In order to give an atomic-level understanding about functional unit and assist the chemical design,deep learning was applied to train a novelmodel based on themost popular BaTiO3 system,as a case study in this work.Through training the atomic force field of calcium and stannum doped solid-solution with Deep Potential method,3D structure of chemical distribution and corresponding polarization configuration can be constructed for different compositions under different temperatures,which exhibits a high degree of consistency with the local structure quantitatively analyzed from HAADF STEM and reverse Monte Carlo refinement of neutron total scattering data,especially for the critical composition with ultrahigh piezoelectricity of d33~860 pC/N.Systemic analysis reveals that variations in chemical bond length among various elements with oxygen elements are the primary factors influencing ferroelectric activity and leading to structural evolution.The results and methodology can facilitate the discovery of new ferroelectrics and the design of high-performance piezo/ferroelectrics with atomic-level insights.展开更多
Negative thermal expansion(NTE),where materials contract rather than expand with temperature rise,is crucial for applications requiring thermal stability,and its regulation holds significant technological promise.This...Negative thermal expansion(NTE),where materials contract rather than expand with temperature rise,is crucial for applications requiring thermal stability,and its regulation holds significant technological promise.This work demonstrates that nanosizing Cu_(2)P_(2)O_(7) through high-energy ball milling suppresses its NTE by 30.6%,with the average volumetric thermal expansion coefficient decreasing from−27.69×10^(−6) K^(−1)(bulk,5-375 K)to−19.20×10^(−6) K^(−1)(nano,87-440 K),while broadening the NTE temperature range by 65 K.Structural analyses reveal that reduced distortion of CuO_(4) polyhedra in nanocrystals slows theα-to-βphase transition,mitigating NTE.The study highlights nanosizing as an effective strategy to tune NTE in phase-transition materials by alleviating internal stress,offering a novel approach for thermal expansion regulation.展开更多
This article reported the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis glandularis(CG)co-occurring with bladder neck leiomyomas.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a single case of CG with bladder neck leiomyoma.A...This article reported the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis glandularis(CG)co-occurring with bladder neck leiomyomas.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a single case of CG with bladder neck leiomyoma.A 31-year-old Chinese woman wasgiven a diagnosis of CG and bladder neck leiomyoma.The mass and surrounding bladder mucosal lesions were entirely excisedvia transurethral resection,leaving a clean margin of healthy tissue.Histopathological analyses confirmed the diagnosis of CG andbladder neck leiomyoma.The patient remained asymptomatic throughout the follow-up period,with no indication of recurrence.Cystitis glandularis co-occurring with bladder neck leiomyoma requires careful examination,and surgery remains the best treatmentoption for these diseases.展开更多
Electrochemically converting CO_(2)to value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))fuels and chemicals is a favorable way to achieve carbon neutrality.Herein,polyaniline/CuO nanosheets(PANI/CuO NSs)hybrid electrocatalysts are deve...Electrochemically converting CO_(2)to value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))fuels and chemicals is a favorable way to achieve carbon neutrality.Herein,polyaniline/CuO nanosheets(PANI/CuO NSs)hybrid electrocatalysts are developed in order to achieve superior C_(2+)selectivity by imparting PANI functional component to the CuO NSs.The decorated PANI nanoparticles(NPs)can effectively stabilize the*CO intermediates and increase their coverage on the active Cu sites,which facilitates the C-C coupling to form multi-carbon products.Benefiting from the synergetic effect of PANI and CuO NSs,best Faradaic efficiency(FE)for C_(2+)product up to 66.4%at-1.6 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in a H-cell measurement and 60.0%at 400 mA·cm^(-2)in a flow cell measurement are demonstrated by PANI/CuO NSs-25 sample.More importantly,the C_(2+)selectivity keeps stable even in a continuous measurement time period of 92 h in H-cell measurement.The present study may provide more insights for designing efficient hybrid materials toward superior C_(2+)production from electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.展开更多
Imposing phase engineering to porous materials is promising to realize outperforming electrocatalytic performances by taking advantages of the merits of porous nanoarchitecture and heterophase structure.In this work,a...Imposing phase engineering to porous materials is promising to realize outperforming electrocatalytic performances by taking advantages of the merits of porous nanoarchitecture and heterophase structure.In this work,amorphous/crystalline ruthenium oxide(RuO_(2))porous particles with rationally regulated heterophases are successfully prepared by integrating the phase engineering into the porous material synthesis.The resultant defect-rich amorphous/crystalline RuO_(2)porous particles exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction,achieving a low overpotential of 165 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2)and a high mass activity up to 133.8 mA·cm^(-2)at a low overpotential of 200 mV.This work indicates that the synergistic effect of amorphous/crystalline heterophase and porous structural characteristics enables RuO_(2)to trigger a superior electrocatalytic activity.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1400300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22271309,12304268,12261131499,and 11921004)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M743741)。
文摘BiMeO_(3)–PbTiO_(3)(where Me represents transition metals)perovskite-type thin films have been widely studied due to their superior ferroelectric properties,including robust ferroelectric polarization and high Curie temperatures.In this study,PbTiO_(3)-based perovskite thin films of xBi(Cu_(1/2)Zr_(1/2))O_(3)–(1-x)PbTiO_(3)(xBCZ–(1-x)PT)were designed and prepared on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO_2/Si substrates using the conventional sol–gel method.The x BCZ–(1-x)PT thin films demonstrate remarkable crystallinity,characterized by a perovskite structure and a dense microstructure,which contribute to their highperformance ferroelectric and fatigue properties.Notably,the thin films exhibit large remnant polarization(2P_(r0))values,reaching 98μC·cm^(-2)and 74μC·cm^(-2)for the 0.05BCZ–0.95PT and 0.1BCZ–0.9PT compositions,respectively.Furthermore,the thin films also demonstrate a high Curie temperature(T_(C)=510℃),as well as favorable fatigue properties and low leakage current,suggesting their potential applicability in ferroelectric devices.
文摘The establishment of multi-component catalytic systems on Fe2O3 photoanodes presents considerable potential for significantly enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesized a Fe2O3 photoanode. In addition, d-Fe OOH synthesized via dip-coating and hydrothermally prepared h-FeOOH were used as cocatalysts and their synergistic combinations with cobalt phosphate(Co-Pi) were investigated. The synergy between h-FeOOH and Co-Pi was remarkable, whereas that between d-Fe OOH and Co-Pi was negligible. For example, the onset potentials of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH and Co-Pi/d-FeOOH dual catalysts, were cathodically shifted by 270 and 170 m V, respectively. Moreover, the photocurrent density of the Co-Pi/h-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode was significantly higher than that of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 one. The synergistic effect of Co-Pi and h-FeOOH could be attributed to the significantly inhibited recombination of surface charges owing to the formation of a p-n junction between β-FeOOH and Fe2O3 and the large contact area between the granular h-FeOOH and Co-Pi. However, the thin amorphous FeOOH layer of the Co-Pi/d-FeOOH/Fe2O3 anode acted as a hole-transfer medium, and weakly promoted the kinetics of the charge transfer process.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0406202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22090042 and 21731001)。
文摘Generally,most materials expand when heated and contract when cooled,whereas negative thermal expansion(NTE)materials are very rare.As a typical NTE material,PbTiO_(3) and related compounds have drawn particular interest in recent years.The discovery of an enhanced NTE system in PbTiO_(3) is beneficial to deepen our understanding of its mechanism and regulate its properties.At present,the method of discriminating an enhanced NTE material based on PbTiO_(3) is not universal.Here,we propose a semi-empirical method through evaluating the average lattice distortion in related systems to estimate the relative coefficient of thermal expansion conveniently.The rationality of the method was verified by the analysis of the 0.6PbTiO_(3)-0.4Bi(Ga_(x)Fe_(1-x))O_(3) system.So far,all PbTiO_(3)-based compounds with enhanced NTE conform well to this method.This method provides the possibility to find more enhanced NTE PbTiO_(3)-based materials.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278288 and 22090062).
文摘The direct one-step separation of polymer-grade C_(2)H_(4) from complex light hydrocarbon mixtures has high industrial significance but is very challenging.Herein,an ethylene-adsorption-weakening strategy is applied for precise regulation of the pore geometry of four tailor-made metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with pillar-layered structures,dubbed TYUT-10/11/12/13.Based on its pore geometry design and functional group regulation,TYUT-12 exhibits exceptional selective adsorption selectivity toward C_(3)H_(8),C_(3)H_(6),C_(2)H_(6),C_(2)H_(2),and CO_(2) over C_(2)H_(4);its C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4) adsorption selectivity reaches 4.56,surpassing the record value of 4.4 by Fe_(2)(O_(2))(dobdc)(dobdc^(4-)=2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate).The weak p–p stacking binding affinity toward C_(2)H_(4) in TYUT-12 is clearly demonstrated through a combination of neutron powder diffraction measurements and theoretical calculations.Breakthrough experiments demonstrate that C_(2)H_(4) can be directly obtained from binary,ternary,quaternary,and six-component light hydrocarbon mixtures with over 99.95%purity.
文摘Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering principles to design and construct new biological components,devices,and systems for understanding and reprogramming biological functions.This field aims to create novel biological entities with specific functions or solutions to particular problems through precise manipulation of biomolecules and cells.Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the tissues of the urinary bladder and primarily affects the urothelial cells lining the bladder wall.Synthetic biology technology,while relatively new for the treatment of bladder cancer,has promising potential for providing innovative solutions for the detection,treatment,and management of bladder cancer.This article reviews the latest research progress in the field of synthetic biology applied to bladder cancer.This research focuses on the application of gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-CRISPR-associated protein 9 to precisely modify the genome of bladder cancer cells to inhibit their growth and proliferation.Additionally,it introduces methods for enhancing antitumor immune responses through the modification of immune cells,such as chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell therapy.Furthermore,this article explores the potential of the use of genetically engineered bacteria as an emerging treatment option for bladder cancer.Despite challenges such as targeting specificity,safety,and cost,synthetic biology technologies provide new perspectives and strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer.With continuous advancements in technology and strengthened interdisciplinary collaboration,the application of synthetic biology in bladder cancer treatment holds great promise,potentially offering patients new treatment options and hope.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3508200)the Outstanding Young Scientist Program of Beijing Colleges and Universities(JWZQ20240101015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92370104,22235002 and 52172181).We acknowledge the computational resource from Beijing PARATERA Tech Corp,LTD.
文摘Development of piezoelectric materials through chemical design meets the requirement of the nextgeneration electronic devices,yet the sensitive piezoelectricity to both chemical components and operational environment call for the trial and error method during material preparation.In order to give an atomic-level understanding about functional unit and assist the chemical design,deep learning was applied to train a novelmodel based on themost popular BaTiO3 system,as a case study in this work.Through training the atomic force field of calcium and stannum doped solid-solution with Deep Potential method,3D structure of chemical distribution and corresponding polarization configuration can be constructed for different compositions under different temperatures,which exhibits a high degree of consistency with the local structure quantitatively analyzed from HAADF STEM and reverse Monte Carlo refinement of neutron total scattering data,especially for the critical composition with ultrahigh piezoelectricity of d33~860 pC/N.Systemic analysis reveals that variations in chemical bond length among various elements with oxygen elements are the primary factors influencing ferroelectric activity and leading to structural evolution.The results and methodology can facilitate the discovery of new ferroelectrics and the design of high-performance piezo/ferroelectrics with atomic-level insights.
基金supported by the Outstanding Young Scientist Program of Beijing Colleges and Universities(No.JWZQ20240101015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TP-22-137A1)+1 种基金We acknowledge the BL02B2 beamline of the SPring-8 synchrotron radiation facility,Japan,as well as all the staff for the technical assistance.The authors acknowledge ELETTRA Synchrotron Trieste for the provision of beamtime(experiment No.20230135)as well as all the staff of the XAFS beamline.We acknowledge Prof.Xianran Xing of Institute of Solid State Chemistry,University of Science and Technology Beijing provides laboratory X-ray diffraction(PANalytical X’Pert PRO X-ray diffractometer,Cu Kα1 radiation,λ=1.54059Å)testing.
文摘Negative thermal expansion(NTE),where materials contract rather than expand with temperature rise,is crucial for applications requiring thermal stability,and its regulation holds significant technological promise.This work demonstrates that nanosizing Cu_(2)P_(2)O_(7) through high-energy ball milling suppresses its NTE by 30.6%,with the average volumetric thermal expansion coefficient decreasing from−27.69×10^(−6) K^(−1)(bulk,5-375 K)to−19.20×10^(−6) K^(−1)(nano,87-440 K),while broadening the NTE temperature range by 65 K.Structural analyses reveal that reduced distortion of CuO_(4) polyhedra in nanocrystals slows theα-to-βphase transition,mitigating NTE.The study highlights nanosizing as an effective strategy to tune NTE in phase-transition materials by alleviating internal stress,offering a novel approach for thermal expansion regulation.
文摘This article reported the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis glandularis(CG)co-occurring with bladder neck leiomyomas.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a single case of CG with bladder neck leiomyoma.A 31-year-old Chinese woman wasgiven a diagnosis of CG and bladder neck leiomyoma.The mass and surrounding bladder mucosal lesions were entirely excisedvia transurethral resection,leaving a clean margin of healthy tissue.Histopathological analyses confirmed the diagnosis of CG andbladder neck leiomyoma.The patient remained asymptomatic throughout the follow-up period,with no indication of recurrence.Cystitis glandularis co-occurring with bladder neck leiomyoma requires careful examination,and surgery remains the best treatmentoption for these diseases.
文摘Electrochemically converting CO_(2)to value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))fuels and chemicals is a favorable way to achieve carbon neutrality.Herein,polyaniline/CuO nanosheets(PANI/CuO NSs)hybrid electrocatalysts are developed in order to achieve superior C_(2+)selectivity by imparting PANI functional component to the CuO NSs.The decorated PANI nanoparticles(NPs)can effectively stabilize the*CO intermediates and increase their coverage on the active Cu sites,which facilitates the C-C coupling to form multi-carbon products.Benefiting from the synergetic effect of PANI and CuO NSs,best Faradaic efficiency(FE)for C_(2+)product up to 66.4%at-1.6 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in a H-cell measurement and 60.0%at 400 mA·cm^(-2)in a flow cell measurement are demonstrated by PANI/CuO NSs-25 sample.More importantly,the C_(2+)selectivity keeps stable even in a continuous measurement time period of 92 h in H-cell measurement.The present study may provide more insights for designing efficient hybrid materials toward superior C_(2+)production from electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.
文摘Imposing phase engineering to porous materials is promising to realize outperforming electrocatalytic performances by taking advantages of the merits of porous nanoarchitecture and heterophase structure.In this work,amorphous/crystalline ruthenium oxide(RuO_(2))porous particles with rationally regulated heterophases are successfully prepared by integrating the phase engineering into the porous material synthesis.The resultant defect-rich amorphous/crystalline RuO_(2)porous particles exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction,achieving a low overpotential of 165 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2)and a high mass activity up to 133.8 mA·cm^(-2)at a low overpotential of 200 mV.This work indicates that the synergistic effect of amorphous/crystalline heterophase and porous structural characteristics enables RuO_(2)to trigger a superior electrocatalytic activity.
