Microplastics(MPs), a new type of environmental pollutant, can serve as substrates for microbes. Wetland ecosystems support a diverse range of aquatic and terrestrial species, and their ecological functions can be dis...Microplastics(MPs), a new type of environmental pollutant, can serve as substrates for microbes. Wetland ecosystems support a diverse range of aquatic and terrestrial species, and their ecological functions can be disturbed by inputs of microplastic debris. However, limited studies have focused on the interactions between MPs and microbes in wetland ecosystems. In this study, the bacterial communities on MPs in the wetland ecosystem of Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, were investigated based on 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that the bacterial communities on MPs showed a lower richness and diversity but presented a higher number of unique OTUs than the water and sediment bacterial communities. Furthermore, the structure of the bacterial communities on MPs had a higher similarity to the bacterial compositions of the sediment than of the water, indicating that sediments are an important source of bacteria for MPs. It should be noted that the MPs could enhance the exchange of bacteria between water and sediment. The bacterial composition varied significantly among different substrates and at different sampling times;nevertheless, it showed consistency on the surface of MPs at different sampling sites. Proteobacteria dominated as the most abundant bacterial phylum across all samples. At the genus level, Pseudomonas were distinctly enriched in bacterial communities on MPs. In addition, the results of pathway prediction indicated that the pathways of “human disease” from MPs bacterial communities were higher than those from water and sediment. These results illustrate that the surfaces of MPs serve as distinct habitats for specific bacteria. Environmental factors such as nitrate nitrogen, pH, and organic matter were crucial in shaping the bacterial communities. This study provided a new insight into interactions between MPs and microbes in wetland ecosystems and into the associated potential risks to human health.展开更多
BACKGROUND Few studies have fully described endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)features of newly diagnosed autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)involving both typical findings and chronic pancreatitis(CP)features.The typical EUS findin...BACKGROUND Few studies have fully described endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)features of newly diagnosed autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)involving both typical findings and chronic pancreatitis(CP)features.The typical EUS findings are prevalent in the diffuse type AIP but may not be as common for the focal type,and the differences between the diffuse and focal AIP need to be specified.AIM To demonstrate the EUS features of newly diagnosed AIP and the difference between diffuse and focal AIP.METHODS This retrospective single center study included 285 patients of newly diagnosed type 1 AIP following the international consensus diagnostic criteria,with the EUS procedures accomplished before corticosteroid initiation.We explored the EUS features and compared the typical AIP and CP features between the diffuse and focal AIP cases.The Rosemont criteria were employed for CP features definition and CP change level comparison.RESULTS For the typical AIP features,there were significantly more patients in the diffuse group with bile duct wall thickening(158 of 214 cases,73.4%vs 37 of 71 cases,52.1%,P=0.001)and peripancreatic hypoechoic margin(76 of 214 cases,35.5%vs 5 of 71 cases,7.0%,P<0.001).For the CP features,there were significantly more patients in the focal group with main pancreatic duct dilation(30 of 214 cases,14.0%vs 18 of 71 cases,25.3%,P=0.03).The cholangitis-like changes were more prevalent in the focal cases with pancreatic head involvement.The CP change level was relatively limited for newly diagnosed AIP cases in both groups.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the difference in the typical AIP and CP features between diffuse and focal AIP and indicated the limited CP change level in newly diagnosed AIP.展开更多
A simple and efficient visible-light-induced photo redox-catalyzed diarylation of N-methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles with aryl diazonium salts was developed.The reaction provides a conve nient access to a variety of...A simple and efficient visible-light-induced photo redox-catalyzed diarylation of N-methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles with aryl diazonium salts was developed.The reaction provides a conve nient access to a variety of benzimidazoisoquinolinones through the construction of two C-C bonds in one step under mild reaction conditions.展开更多
Background: Endoscopic biopsy can underestimate gastric malignancies as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN). Definitively diagnosed LGIN would progress. This study aimed to evaluate predictive factors to identi...Background: Endoscopic biopsy can underestimate gastric malignancies as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN). Definitively diagnosed LGIN would progress. This study aimed to evaluate predictive factors to identify malignancies misdiagnosed as LGIN by biopsy and LGIN at high risk of progression.Methods: The clinical records of patients diagnosed with gastric LGIN by endoscopic biopsy who underwent at least two endoscopies during the first year of follow-up between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively collected. Three endoscopists reviewed photographs of the initial endoscopy, described lesion characteristics, and made endoscopic diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to analyze predictors to identify malignancies underestimated as LGIN. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these predictors. Patient clinical outcomes of follow-up >1 year were collected. Kaplan-Meier estimates with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze predictors of progression.Results: Overall, 48 of 182 (26.4%) patients were proven to have malignancies. A single lesion, a large lesion size, and marked intestinal metaplasia (IM) were independent predictors of initially misdiagnosed malignancies. The area under the curve of these predictors was 0.871, with a sensitivity of 68.7% and specificity of 92.5%. Twelve of 98 patients (12.2%) progressed during the 33-month median follow-up period. A whitish appearance, irregular margins, marked IM, and histological diagnosis of LGIN more than twice within the first year were predictors for progression.Conclusions: Lesions diagnosed as LGIN by biopsy with marked IM and other predictors above should be prudently treated for high potential to be malignancies or progress. Endoscopic follow-up with repeated biopsies within the first year is recommended.展开更多
Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT)is caused by hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma,hyperplasia,or carcinoma.Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease affecting<1%of PHPT patients and is associated with c...Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT)is caused by hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma,hyperplasia,or carcinoma.Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease affecting<1%of PHPT patients and is associated with complications such as acute pancreatitis(AP),which can be complicated by pregnancy[1].Currently,pregnant patients with AP or PHPT can only be treated empirically as there is no consensus approach.Here,we report a rare case of parathyroid carcinoma with adenomarelated AP during pregnancy.The detailed diagnosis and treatment process are described,and clinical features of similar cases are summarized.We hope to improve the diagnosis and treatment of PHPT-related pancreatitis during pregnancy.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42007389,42177039,32060275)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20212ACB203006)。
文摘Microplastics(MPs), a new type of environmental pollutant, can serve as substrates for microbes. Wetland ecosystems support a diverse range of aquatic and terrestrial species, and their ecological functions can be disturbed by inputs of microplastic debris. However, limited studies have focused on the interactions between MPs and microbes in wetland ecosystems. In this study, the bacterial communities on MPs in the wetland ecosystem of Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, were investigated based on 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that the bacterial communities on MPs showed a lower richness and diversity but presented a higher number of unique OTUs than the water and sediment bacterial communities. Furthermore, the structure of the bacterial communities on MPs had a higher similarity to the bacterial compositions of the sediment than of the water, indicating that sediments are an important source of bacteria for MPs. It should be noted that the MPs could enhance the exchange of bacteria between water and sediment. The bacterial composition varied significantly among different substrates and at different sampling times;nevertheless, it showed consistency on the surface of MPs at different sampling sites. Proteobacteria dominated as the most abundant bacterial phylum across all samples. At the genus level, Pseudomonas were distinctly enriched in bacterial communities on MPs. In addition, the results of pathway prediction indicated that the pathways of “human disease” from MPs bacterial communities were higher than those from water and sediment. These results illustrate that the surfaces of MPs serve as distinct habitats for specific bacteria. Environmental factors such as nitrate nitrogen, pH, and organic matter were crucial in shaping the bacterial communities. This study provided a new insight into interactions between MPs and microbes in wetland ecosystems and into the associated potential risks to human health.
基金by Beijing Science and Technology Program,No.Z181100001618013Peking Union Medical College Education Reform Program,No.2019zlgc0116.
文摘BACKGROUND Few studies have fully described endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)features of newly diagnosed autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)involving both typical findings and chronic pancreatitis(CP)features.The typical EUS findings are prevalent in the diffuse type AIP but may not be as common for the focal type,and the differences between the diffuse and focal AIP need to be specified.AIM To demonstrate the EUS features of newly diagnosed AIP and the difference between diffuse and focal AIP.METHODS This retrospective single center study included 285 patients of newly diagnosed type 1 AIP following the international consensus diagnostic criteria,with the EUS procedures accomplished before corticosteroid initiation.We explored the EUS features and compared the typical AIP and CP features between the diffuse and focal AIP cases.The Rosemont criteria were employed for CP features definition and CP change level comparison.RESULTS For the typical AIP features,there were significantly more patients in the diffuse group with bile duct wall thickening(158 of 214 cases,73.4%vs 37 of 71 cases,52.1%,P=0.001)and peripancreatic hypoechoic margin(76 of 214 cases,35.5%vs 5 of 71 cases,7.0%,P<0.001).For the CP features,there were significantly more patients in the focal group with main pancreatic duct dilation(30 of 214 cases,14.0%vs 18 of 71 cases,25.3%,P=0.03).The cholangitis-like changes were more prevalent in the focal cases with pancreatic head involvement.The CP change level was relatively limited for newly diagnosed AIP cases in both groups.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the difference in the typical AIP and CP features between diffuse and focal AIP and indicated the limited CP change level in newly diagnosed AIP.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21772062)for financial support。
文摘A simple and efficient visible-light-induced photo redox-catalyzed diarylation of N-methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles with aryl diazonium salts was developed.The reaction provides a conve nient access to a variety of benzimidazoisoquinolinones through the construction of two C-C bonds in one step under mild reaction conditions.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.Z181100001618013)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1302802)。
文摘Background: Endoscopic biopsy can underestimate gastric malignancies as low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN). Definitively diagnosed LGIN would progress. This study aimed to evaluate predictive factors to identify malignancies misdiagnosed as LGIN by biopsy and LGIN at high risk of progression.Methods: The clinical records of patients diagnosed with gastric LGIN by endoscopic biopsy who underwent at least two endoscopies during the first year of follow-up between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively collected. Three endoscopists reviewed photographs of the initial endoscopy, described lesion characteristics, and made endoscopic diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to analyze predictors to identify malignancies underestimated as LGIN. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these predictors. Patient clinical outcomes of follow-up >1 year were collected. Kaplan-Meier estimates with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze predictors of progression.Results: Overall, 48 of 182 (26.4%) patients were proven to have malignancies. A single lesion, a large lesion size, and marked intestinal metaplasia (IM) were independent predictors of initially misdiagnosed malignancies. The area under the curve of these predictors was 0.871, with a sensitivity of 68.7% and specificity of 92.5%. Twelve of 98 patients (12.2%) progressed during the 33-month median follow-up period. A whitish appearance, irregular margins, marked IM, and histological diagnosis of LGIN more than twice within the first year were predictors for progression.Conclusions: Lesions diagnosed as LGIN by biopsy with marked IM and other predictors above should be prudently treated for high potential to be malignancies or progress. Endoscopic follow-up with repeated biopsies within the first year is recommended.
基金supported by National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-PUMCH-A-020)the Undergraduate Teaching Reform and Innovation Project(2022zlgc0108)Beijing’s Key Construction of First-class Majors(2021zlgc1106).
文摘Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT)is caused by hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma,hyperplasia,or carcinoma.Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease affecting<1%of PHPT patients and is associated with complications such as acute pancreatitis(AP),which can be complicated by pregnancy[1].Currently,pregnant patients with AP or PHPT can only be treated empirically as there is no consensus approach.Here,we report a rare case of parathyroid carcinoma with adenomarelated AP during pregnancy.The detailed diagnosis and treatment process are described,and clinical features of similar cases are summarized.We hope to improve the diagnosis and treatment of PHPT-related pancreatitis during pregnancy.
