Comprehensive investigations have been conducted to study the structure and overconsolidation of upper Shanghai clays, i.e. Layers 2–6 clays, typically located at depths of 30–40 m. However, limited information is a...Comprehensive investigations have been conducted to study the structure and overconsolidation of upper Shanghai clays, i.e. Layers 2–6 clays, typically located at depths of 30–40 m. However, limited information is available on their anisotropy, and even less is known about the correlation between structure, overconsolidation, and anisotropy. In this study, the undrained anisotropy characteristics of shear strength and small-strain shear stiffness in upper Shanghai Layers 2–6 clays were thoroughly assessed using a series of K0-consolidated undrained triaxial compression (TC) and triaxial extension (TE) tests (K0 is the coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest). The effective stress paths, shear strength, and small-strain shear stiffness from the undrained TC and TE tests demonstrate the anisotropic behaviors in upper Shanghai clays. Analyses of data from upper Shanghai clays and other clays worldwide indicate that the shear strength anisotropy ratio (Ks) converges at 0.8 as the overconsolidation ratio (OCR) and plasticity index (Ip) increase, while the small-strain shear stiffness anisotropy ratio (Re) converges at 1.0. The influence of OCR on Ks and Re is more pronounced than that of Ip and sensitivity (St). Nevertheless, no clear correlation between Ks and Re is observed in upper Shanghai clays.展开更多
Water-promoted sulfonylation of propargyl esters leading to highly regioselective and stereoselective formation of （Z）-β-sulfonyl enoates in excellent yields, by a simple, mild, rapid and environmentally benign rea...Water-promoted sulfonylation of propargyl esters leading to highly regioselective and stereoselective formation of （Z）-β-sulfonyl enoates in excellent yields, by a simple, mild, rapid and environmentally benign reaction proce- dure is reported.展开更多
基金the financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42072317 and 41727802)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Funding No.21DZ1204300).
文摘Comprehensive investigations have been conducted to study the structure and overconsolidation of upper Shanghai clays, i.e. Layers 2–6 clays, typically located at depths of 30–40 m. However, limited information is available on their anisotropy, and even less is known about the correlation between structure, overconsolidation, and anisotropy. In this study, the undrained anisotropy characteristics of shear strength and small-strain shear stiffness in upper Shanghai Layers 2–6 clays were thoroughly assessed using a series of K0-consolidated undrained triaxial compression (TC) and triaxial extension (TE) tests (K0 is the coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest). The effective stress paths, shear strength, and small-strain shear stiffness from the undrained TC and TE tests demonstrate the anisotropic behaviors in upper Shanghai clays. Analyses of data from upper Shanghai clays and other clays worldwide indicate that the shear strength anisotropy ratio (Ks) converges at 0.8 as the overconsolidation ratio (OCR) and plasticity index (Ip) increase, while the small-strain shear stiffness anisotropy ratio (Re) converges at 1.0. The influence of OCR on Ks and Re is more pronounced than that of Ip and sensitivity (St). Nevertheless, no clear correlation between Ks and Re is observed in upper Shanghai clays.
文摘Water-promoted sulfonylation of propargyl esters leading to highly regioselective and stereoselective formation of （Z）-β-sulfonyl enoates in excellent yields, by a simple, mild, rapid and environmentally benign reaction proce- dure is reported.
