Optimizing the orientation of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) has emerged as an effective strategy to design high-performance β-Ga_(2)O_(3) device,but the orientation growth mechanism and approach have not been revealed yet.Herein,by...Optimizing the orientation of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) has emerged as an effective strategy to design high-performance β-Ga_(2)O_(3) device,but the orientation growth mechanism and approach have not been revealed yet.Herein,by employing AlN buffer layer,the highly preferred orientation of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film rather than(-201)film is realized on 4H-SiC substrate at low sputtering power and temperature.Because β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film exhibits a slower growth speed than(-201)film,the former possesses the higher dangling bond density and the lower nucleation energy,and a large conversion barrier exists between these two ori-entations.Moreover,the AlN buffer layer can suppress the surface oxidation of the 4H-SiC substrate and eliminate the strain of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film,which further reduces the nucleation energy and en-larges the conversion barrier.Meanwhile,the AlN buffer layer can increase the oxygen vacancy formation energy and decrease the oxygen vacancy concentration of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film.Consequently,the solar-blind photodetector based on the oriented film exhibits the outstanding detectivity of 1.22×10^(12) Jones and photo-to-dark current ratio of 1.11×10^(5),which are the highest among the reported β-Ga_(2)O_(3) solar-blind photodetector on the SiC substrate.Our results offer in-depth insights into the preferred orientation growth mechanism,and provide an effective way to design high-quality β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)orientation film and high-performance solar-blind photodetector.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potentia...Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potential impacts of climate change on cold rice production in the Heilongjiang province, one of China's most important rice production regions. Data for a baseline period(1961–1990) and the period 2010–2050 in A2 and B2 scenarios were used as input to drive the rice model ORYZA2000 with and without accounting for the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. The results indicate that mean,maximum, and minimum temperature during the rice growing season, in the future period considered, would increase by 1.8 °C under the A2 scenario and by 2.2 °C under the B2 scenario compared with those in the baseline. The rate of change in average maximum and minimum temperatures would increase by 0.6 °C per 10-year period under the A2 scenario and by 0.4 °C per 10-year period under the B2 scenario. Precipitation would increase slightly in the rice growing season over the next 40 years. The rice growing season would be shortened and the yield would increase in most areas in the Heilongjiang province. Without accounting for CO2 effect, the rice growing season in the period 2010–2050 would be shortened by 4.7 and 5.8 days,and rice yields would increase by 11.9% and 7.9%, under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively.Areas with simulated rice yield increases greater than 30.0% were in the Xiaoxing'an Mountain region. The simulation indicated a decrease in yield of less than 15% in the southwestern Songnen Plain. The rate of change in simulated rice yield was 5.0% and 2.5% per 10 years under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. When CO2 effect was accounted for, rice yield increased by 44.5% and 31.3% under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. The areas of increasing yield were sharply expanded. The area of decreasing yield in the western region of Songnen Plains disappeared when increasing CO2 concentration was considered. The stability of rice yield would increase from 2010 to 2050. Overall, the simulation indicates that rice production will be affected positively by climate change in the next 40 years in the Heilongjiang province, China.展开更多
Trains are prone to delays and deviations from train operation plans during their operation because of internal or external disturbances. Delays may develop into operational conflicts between adjacent trains as a resu...Trains are prone to delays and deviations from train operation plans during their operation because of internal or external disturbances. Delays may develop into operational conflicts between adjacent trains as a result of delay propagation, which may disturb the arrangement of the train operation plan and threaten the operational safety of trains. Therefore, reliable conflict prediction results can be valuable references for dispatchers in making more efficient train operation adjustments when conflicts occur. In contrast to the traditional approach to conflict prediction that involves introducing random disturbances, this study addresses the issue of the fuzzification of time intervals in a train timetable based on historical statistics and the modeling of a high-speed railway train timetable based on the concept of a timed Petri net. To measure conflict prediction results more comprehensively, we divided conflicts into potential conflicts and certain conflicts and defined the judgment conditions for both. Two evaluation indexes, one for the deviation of a single train and one for the possibility of conflicts between adjacent train operations, were developed using a formalized computation method. Based on the temporal fuzzy reasoning method, with some adjustment, a new conflict prediction method is proposed, and the results of a simulation example for two scenarios are presented. The results prove that conflict prediction after fuzzy processing of the time intervals of a train timetable is more reliable and practical and can provide helpful information for use in train operation adjustment, train timetable improvement, and other purposes.展开更多
Silicon dioxide(SiO2)films were prepared on sapphire(α-Al2O3)by radio frequency magnetron reactive sputtering in order to increase both transmission and rain erosion resistant performance of infrared domes of sapphir...Silicon dioxide(SiO2)films were prepared on sapphire(α-Al2O3)by radio frequency magnetron reactive sputtering in order to increase both transmission and rain erosion resistant performance of infrared domes of sapphire.Composition and structure of SiO2 films were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.The transmittance of uncoated and coated sapphire was measured using a Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrometer.Rain erosion tests of the uncoated and coated sapphire were performed at 211 m/s impact velocity with an exposure time ranging from 1 to 8 min on a whirling arm rig.Results show that the deposited films can greatly increase the transmission of sapphire in mid-wave IR.After rain erosion test,decreases in normalized transmission were less than 1%for designed SiO2 films and the SiO2 coating was strongly bonded to the sapphire substrate.In addition,sapphires coated with SiO2 films had a higher transmittance than uncoated ones after rain erosion.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Powder in the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.[Methods]40 patients with PNS were randomly di...[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Powder in the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.[Methods]40 patients with PNS were randomly divided into treatment group(n=19)and control group(n=21).In the treatment group and the control group,methylprednisolone tablets were taken orally and cytoxan(CTX)was given intravenously for treatment;in the treatment group,based on oral administration of methylprednisolone tablets and intravenous drip of cytoxan(CTX),oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine(addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder)was added.Urine routine,24-hour urinary protein,renal function and serum albumin were re-examined after 4 weeks of treatment.[Results]The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(89.47%vs 61.90%,P<0.05).After treatment,both groups could effectively reduce the levels of 24-hour urinary protein(P<0.05),serum creatinine(P<0.05)and urea nitrogen(P<0.05),and increase the level of serum albumin(P<0.05),but the degree of improvement in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Methylprednisolone combined with addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder could effectively reduce urinary protein,improve edema symptoms,shorten the course of hormone use and reduce adverse reactions in the treatment of PNS featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of psychological nursing on the mental state and quality of life of patients after heart valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease.Methods:Seventy-four patients with rheumatic heart...Objective:To explore the effect of psychological nursing on the mental state and quality of life of patients after heart valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease.Methods:Seventy-four patients with rheumatic heart disease that underwent heart valve replacement in Zhenjiang First People's Hospital from January 2017 to May 2020 were selected as the research subjects.Thirty-seven patients that were treated from January 2017 to September 2018 were included in the control group.Routine care was provided for the patients in the control group.From October 2018 to May 2020,the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery improved their preoperative and postoperative psychological care.Thirty-seven patients that were treated during this period were included in the research group.The research group received psychological nursing care in addition to routine care.The efiects of different nursing modes on the quality of life and postoperative mental state of the patients were determined.Results:The scores for depression,anxiety,somatization,and compulsion in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.05);the scores for the quality of life of patients in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05).Conclusions:Strengthening psychological nursing for patients with rheumatic heart disease is helpful to improve their quality of life and mental state after heart valve replacement.展开更多
Integrating letters and sounds are essential for successful reading in alphabetic languages. It remains unclear if native speakers of non-alphabetic languages integrate letters and sounds in reading an alphabetic lan-...Integrating letters and sounds are essential for successful reading in alphabetic languages. It remains unclear if native speakers of non-alphabetic languages integrate letters and sounds in reading an alphabetic lan- guage in the same way as native alphabetic readers do. Chinese is a morpho-syllabic system （each character cor- responds to one syllable） and contrasts sharply with alphabetic languages such as English. Several fMRI studies have shown that native Chinese speakers apply their native language system to read English words. By using the cross- modal mismatch negativity （MMN） paradigm, we directly investigated letter-sound integration for reading in English among native Chinese speakers. To investigate the effect of native language background on letter-sound integration in second language reading, a group of native Korean English learners served as a comparison group. We compared MMN responses between an auditory only condition （only vowels presented） and two audiovisual conditions （AV0, vowel presented synchronously with the corresponding letter; AV200, the letter presented 200 ms before the corresponding vowel） for both native Chinese and native Korean speakers. Native Chinese speakers demonstrated significantly attenuated MMN amplitudes in audiovisual conditions compared with the auditory only condition, regardless of their phonological decoding speed. In con- trast, native Korean speakers showed amplified amplitude MMN in AV200 compared with that in the auditory only condition. The results suggest that native language may shape the brain responses of second language learners to reading a second language in the early stages. Native non- alphabetic language speakers may be unable to use visual information to facilitate their phonological processing in the early stage while naT：lye alphabetic language speakers are capable of integrating letter sounds automatically.展开更多
Brucellosis is a highly infectious anthropozoonotic disease caused by the genus Brucella,which is the pathogenic bacteria in public health risk and occupation exposure.Therefore,rapid detection and identification of B...Brucellosis is a highly infectious anthropozoonotic disease caused by the genus Brucella,which is the pathogenic bacteria in public health risk and occupation exposure.Therefore,rapid detection and identification of Brucella is crucial for controlling and managing the prevalence of brucellosis.In this work,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)combined with machine learning(ML)algorithms was developed to identify Brucella isolates at the species level rapidly.A total of 1440 MALDI spectral data from 59 strains of B.melitensis(23 strains of B.melitensis bv.1 and 36 strains of B.melitensis bv.3)were obtained.Four ML algorithms including support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),and logistic regression(LR)were compared for typing Brucella species.The area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,precision-recall ratio(PR),accuracy,specificity,and sensitivity were used to evaluate the performances of diff erent ML algorithms.These results showed that MALDI-TOF MS combined with the XGBoost algorithm is the best method for typing Brucella species with good performances,demonstrating the significant potential applications in the diagnosis,control,and epidemiology of brucellosis.展开更多
The quantification of the relationship between morphological and color indicators in various organs of horticultural crops is of great significance for crop digital visualization research using computer vision technol...The quantification of the relationship between morphological and color indicators in various organs of horticultural crops is of great significance for crop digital visualization research using computer vision technology.To study this relationship,observational data from a six-year experiment were collected,focusing on seven kinds of color component values of different organs including root,stem,and leaf.Using the collected color data as input,a simulation model was established based on the Elman neural network for six horticultural crops including zizania,cucumber,celery,spinach,parsley,and tea.Results indicated that the horticultural crop morphology model based on the Elman neural network exhibited high simulation accuracy with root mean square error(RMSE)ranging from 0.14 to 1.05 cm and normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)ranging from 2.02% to 11.34% for the maximum root length simulation model.The simulation model for stem length and diameter had an RMSE ranging from 1.42 to 4.96 cm and 0.25 to 1.17 mm,respectively,with NRMSE ranging from 18.19%to 25.65%and 15.13%to 27.25%,respectively.Similarly,chlorophyll content,leaf length,leaf width,and leaf area simulation models exhibited RMSE ranging from 2.80 to 8.22 SPAD,0.44 to 18.04 cm,0.22 to 3.49 cm,and 0.25 to 36.39 cm2,respectively,with NRMSE ranging from 8.63% to 21.04%,15.00%to 22.87%,15.12%to 33.58%,and 6.88%to 24.90%,respectively.These findings provide essential theoretical support for precision agriculture in areas of water and fertilizer management,plant growth diagnosis,and yield prediction.展开更多
Optical temperature sensors have garnered significant attention because of their ability to provide accurate,noncontact temperature measurements.Rare-earth element-doped Gd_(3)Al_(3)Ga_(2)O_(12)(GAGG)ceramics are know...Optical temperature sensors have garnered significant attention because of their ability to provide accurate,noncontact temperature measurements.Rare-earth element-doped Gd_(3)Al_(3)Ga_(2)O_(12)(GAGG)ceramics are known for their excellent optical properties,stable crystal structure,good thermal stability,and tunable fluorescence characteristics.In this study,we innovatively introduced a series of Pr^(3+)-doped GAGG garnet ceramics with high sensitivity for optical temperature sensing.The phase structure,morphology,and optical properties of the ceramics were investigated,and the optimal doping concentration was determined.The photoluminescence(PL)and optical temperature sensing properties of the GAGG:Pr^(3+)ceramics were thoroughly examined.The PL spectra of the GAGG:Pr^(3+)garnet transparent ceramics displayed multiple narrow emission peaks,and CIE plots indicated that the luminescence color was tunable within the green region.The emission intensities exhibited a quenching phenomenon at high rare-earth element doping concentrations and elevated temperatures.The optical temperature sensing properties of GAGG:Pr^(3+)were analyzed via the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)method,which is based on Pr^(3+)thermally coupled(^(3)P_(1)→^(3)H_(5)and^(3)P_(0)→^(3)H_(4))and nonthermally coupled(^(3)P_(1)→^(3)H_(5)and^(1)D_(2)→^(3)H_(4))energy level pairs.The maximum relative sensitivities for the thermally coupled and nonthermally coupled energy level pairs of GAGG:Pr^(3+)reached 0.81%K^(−1)(at 300 K)and 0.37%K^(−1)(at 350 K),respectively,under 450 nm blue light excitation.These results suggest that GAGG:Pr^(3+)ceramics have significant potential for noncontact optical temperature sensing applications.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)BiOBr has garnered significant interest due to its exceptional optoelectronic properties.Currently,reported 2D BiOBr primarily exhibits n-type conductivity.However,in the field of optoelectronics,pa...Two-dimensional(2D)BiOBr has garnered significant interest due to its exceptional optoelectronic properties.Currently,reported 2D BiOBr primarily exhibits n-type conductivity.However,in the field of optoelectronics,particularly within complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)integrated circuits,there is an urgent demand for high-quality p-type 2D semiconductors.In this study,we present the synthesis of high-quality,large-scale p-type 2D BiOBr crystals using chemical potential modulation chemical vapor deposition(CPMCVD).Notably,the conduction polarity of 2D BiOBr can be precisely controlled by modulating the oxygen chemical potential during the synthesis process.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that high oxygen chemical potential promotes the formation of bismuth vacancies in 2D BiOBr,resulting in p-type conductivity.Conversely,as the oxygen chemical potential decreases,oxygen vacancies become the predominant defects,leading to n-type BiOBr.Furthermore,both p-type and n-type high-performance field-effect transistors(FETs)based on 2D BiOBr have been fabricated.The p-type FETs exhibit a superior hole mobility of 26.28 cm^(2)V^(−1)s^(−1)and on/off ratio exceeding 104.The n-type FETs demonstrate an electron mobility of 59.59 cm^(2)V^(−1)s^(−1),surpassing those reported for most n-type FETs.This breakthrough in the precise control of conduction polarity in 2D BiOBr using CPMCVD not only represents a significant milestone but also greatly expands its potential applications in advancing CMOS technology.展开更多
Ternary layered compound materials(bismuth oxyhalides and metal phosphorus trichalcogenides)stand out in electronic and optoelectronic fields due to their interesting physical properties.However,few studies focus on t...Ternary layered compound materials(bismuth oxyhalides and metal phosphorus trichalcogenides)stand out in electronic and optoelectronic fields due to their interesting physical properties.However,few studies focus on the preparation of high-quality two-dimensional(2D)BiOBr crystals with a typical layered structure,let alone their optoelectronic applications.Here,for the first time,high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals with ultrathin thicknesses(less than 10 nm)and large domain sizes(~100μm)were efficiently prepared via a modified space-confined chemical vapor deposition(SCCVD)method.It is demonstrated that a moderate amount of H2O molecules in the SCCVD system greatly promote the formation of high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals because of the strong polarity of H2O molecules.In addition,a linear relationship between the thickness of BiOBr nanosheets and Raman shift of A1g(1)mode was found.Corresponding theoretical calculations were carried out to verify the experimental data.Furthermore,the BiOBr-based photodetector was fabricated,exhibiting excellent performances with a responsivity of 12.4 A W-1 and a detectivity of 1.6×1013 Jones at 365 nm.This study paves the way for controllable preparation of high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals and implies intriguing opportunities of them in optoelectronic applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA0715600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62274125,52192611)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund(No.2023A1515030084)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2024GX-YBXM-410)the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU(No.SKLSP202220).
文摘Optimizing the orientation of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) has emerged as an effective strategy to design high-performance β-Ga_(2)O_(3) device,but the orientation growth mechanism and approach have not been revealed yet.Herein,by employing AlN buffer layer,the highly preferred orientation of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film rather than(-201)film is realized on 4H-SiC substrate at low sputtering power and temperature.Because β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film exhibits a slower growth speed than(-201)film,the former possesses the higher dangling bond density and the lower nucleation energy,and a large conversion barrier exists between these two ori-entations.Moreover,the AlN buffer layer can suppress the surface oxidation of the 4H-SiC substrate and eliminate the strain of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film,which further reduces the nucleation energy and en-larges the conversion barrier.Meanwhile,the AlN buffer layer can increase the oxygen vacancy formation energy and decrease the oxygen vacancy concentration of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)film.Consequently,the solar-blind photodetector based on the oriented film exhibits the outstanding detectivity of 1.22×10^(12) Jones and photo-to-dark current ratio of 1.11×10^(5),which are the highest among the reported β-Ga_(2)O_(3) solar-blind photodetector on the SiC substrate.Our results offer in-depth insights into the preferred orientation growth mechanism,and provide an effective way to design high-quality β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(100)orientation film and high-performance solar-blind photodetector.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30771249)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD20B04)
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops in China. Increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and associated climate change may greatly affect rice production. We assessed the potential impacts of climate change on cold rice production in the Heilongjiang province, one of China's most important rice production regions. Data for a baseline period(1961–1990) and the period 2010–2050 in A2 and B2 scenarios were used as input to drive the rice model ORYZA2000 with and without accounting for the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. The results indicate that mean,maximum, and minimum temperature during the rice growing season, in the future period considered, would increase by 1.8 °C under the A2 scenario and by 2.2 °C under the B2 scenario compared with those in the baseline. The rate of change in average maximum and minimum temperatures would increase by 0.6 °C per 10-year period under the A2 scenario and by 0.4 °C per 10-year period under the B2 scenario. Precipitation would increase slightly in the rice growing season over the next 40 years. The rice growing season would be shortened and the yield would increase in most areas in the Heilongjiang province. Without accounting for CO2 effect, the rice growing season in the period 2010–2050 would be shortened by 4.7 and 5.8 days,and rice yields would increase by 11.9% and 7.9%, under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively.Areas with simulated rice yield increases greater than 30.0% were in the Xiaoxing'an Mountain region. The simulation indicated a decrease in yield of less than 15% in the southwestern Songnen Plain. The rate of change in simulated rice yield was 5.0% and 2.5% per 10 years under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. When CO2 effect was accounted for, rice yield increased by 44.5% and 31.3% under the A2 and B2 scenarios, respectively. The areas of increasing yield were sharply expanded. The area of decreasing yield in the western region of Songnen Plains disappeared when increasing CO2 concentration was considered. The stability of rice yield would increase from 2010 to 2050. Overall, the simulation indicates that rice production will be affected positively by climate change in the next 40 years in the Heilongjiang province, China.
文摘Trains are prone to delays and deviations from train operation plans during their operation because of internal or external disturbances. Delays may develop into operational conflicts between adjacent trains as a result of delay propagation, which may disturb the arrangement of the train operation plan and threaten the operational safety of trains. Therefore, reliable conflict prediction results can be valuable references for dispatchers in making more efficient train operation adjustments when conflicts occur. In contrast to the traditional approach to conflict prediction that involves introducing random disturbances, this study addresses the issue of the fuzzification of time intervals in a train timetable based on historical statistics and the modeling of a high-speed railway train timetable based on the concept of a timed Petri net. To measure conflict prediction results more comprehensively, we divided conflicts into potential conflicts and certain conflicts and defined the judgment conditions for both. Two evaluation indexes, one for the deviation of a single train and one for the possibility of conflicts between adjacent train operations, were developed using a formalized computation method. Based on the temporal fuzzy reasoning method, with some adjustment, a new conflict prediction method is proposed, and the results of a simulation example for two scenarios are presented. The results prove that conflict prediction after fuzzy processing of the time intervals of a train timetable is more reliable and practical and can provide helpful information for use in train operation adjustment, train timetable improvement, and other purposes.
基金Previous Research Foundation of China(No.41312040402)National Defense Basic Research Foundation of China(No.J1500E002).
文摘Silicon dioxide(SiO2)films were prepared on sapphire(α-Al2O3)by radio frequency magnetron reactive sputtering in order to increase both transmission and rain erosion resistant performance of infrared domes of sapphire.Composition and structure of SiO2 films were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.The transmittance of uncoated and coated sapphire was measured using a Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrometer.Rain erosion tests of the uncoated and coated sapphire were performed at 211 m/s impact velocity with an exposure time ranging from 1 to 8 min on a whirling arm rig.Results show that the deposited films can greatly increase the transmission of sapphire in mid-wave IR.After rain erosion test,decreases in normalized transmission were less than 1%for designed SiO2 films and the SiO2 coating was strongly bonded to the sapphire substrate.In addition,sapphires coated with SiO2 films had a higher transmittance than uncoated ones after rain erosion.
基金Natural Science Research Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(2015LX037).
文摘[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Powder in the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.[Methods]40 patients with PNS were randomly divided into treatment group(n=19)and control group(n=21).In the treatment group and the control group,methylprednisolone tablets were taken orally and cytoxan(CTX)was given intravenously for treatment;in the treatment group,based on oral administration of methylprednisolone tablets and intravenous drip of cytoxan(CTX),oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine(addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder)was added.Urine routine,24-hour urinary protein,renal function and serum albumin were re-examined after 4 weeks of treatment.[Results]The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(89.47%vs 61.90%,P<0.05).After treatment,both groups could effectively reduce the levels of 24-hour urinary protein(P<0.05),serum creatinine(P<0.05)and urea nitrogen(P<0.05),and increase the level of serum albumin(P<0.05),but the degree of improvement in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Methylprednisolone combined with addition and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu Powder could effectively reduce urinary protein,improve edema symptoms,shorten the course of hormone use and reduce adverse reactions in the treatment of PNS featuring damp abundance due to splenic asthenia.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of psychological nursing on the mental state and quality of life of patients after heart valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease.Methods:Seventy-four patients with rheumatic heart disease that underwent heart valve replacement in Zhenjiang First People's Hospital from January 2017 to May 2020 were selected as the research subjects.Thirty-seven patients that were treated from January 2017 to September 2018 were included in the control group.Routine care was provided for the patients in the control group.From October 2018 to May 2020,the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery improved their preoperative and postoperative psychological care.Thirty-seven patients that were treated during this period were included in the research group.The research group received psychological nursing care in addition to routine care.The efiects of different nursing modes on the quality of life and postoperative mental state of the patients were determined.Results:The scores for depression,anxiety,somatization,and compulsion in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.05);the scores for the quality of life of patients in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05).Conclusions:Strengthening psychological nursing for patients with rheumatic heart disease is helpful to improve their quality of life and mental state after heart valve replacement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31221003)National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB846103)
文摘Integrating letters and sounds are essential for successful reading in alphabetic languages. It remains unclear if native speakers of non-alphabetic languages integrate letters and sounds in reading an alphabetic lan- guage in the same way as native alphabetic readers do. Chinese is a morpho-syllabic system （each character cor- responds to one syllable） and contrasts sharply with alphabetic languages such as English. Several fMRI studies have shown that native Chinese speakers apply their native language system to read English words. By using the cross- modal mismatch negativity （MMN） paradigm, we directly investigated letter-sound integration for reading in English among native Chinese speakers. To investigate the effect of native language background on letter-sound integration in second language reading, a group of native Korean English learners served as a comparison group. We compared MMN responses between an auditory only condition （only vowels presented） and two audiovisual conditions （AV0, vowel presented synchronously with the corresponding letter; AV200, the letter presented 200 ms before the corresponding vowel） for both native Chinese and native Korean speakers. Native Chinese speakers demonstrated significantly attenuated MMN amplitudes in audiovisual conditions compared with the auditory only condition, regardless of their phonological decoding speed. In con- trast, native Korean speakers showed amplified amplitude MMN in AV200 compared with that in the auditory only condition. The results suggest that native language may shape the brain responses of second language learners to reading a second language in the early stages. Native non- alphabetic language speakers may be unable to use visual information to facilitate their phonological processing in the early stage while naT：lye alphabetic language speakers are capable of integrating letter sounds automatically.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative(KFJ-STS-QYZD-188)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22476064)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21624203)。
文摘Brucellosis is a highly infectious anthropozoonotic disease caused by the genus Brucella,which is the pathogenic bacteria in public health risk and occupation exposure.Therefore,rapid detection and identification of Brucella is crucial for controlling and managing the prevalence of brucellosis.In this work,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)combined with machine learning(ML)algorithms was developed to identify Brucella isolates at the species level rapidly.A total of 1440 MALDI spectral data from 59 strains of B.melitensis(23 strains of B.melitensis bv.1 and 36 strains of B.melitensis bv.3)were obtained.Four ML algorithms including support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),and logistic regression(LR)were compared for typing Brucella species.The area under receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,precision-recall ratio(PR),accuracy,specificity,and sensitivity were used to evaluate the performances of diff erent ML algorithms.These results showed that MALDI-TOF MS combined with the XGBoost algorithm is the best method for typing Brucella species with good performances,demonstrating the significant potential applications in the diagnosis,control,and epidemiology of brucellosis.
基金supported by Soft Science Research Program Project in Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022C35063)Lishui Public Welfare Technology Application Research Plan Project(Grant No.2024GYX14)+2 种基金Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Vegetable Industry Technology System Innovation Team(Grant No.201716)the Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan for College Students in Zhejiang Province(New Talent Plan)(Grant No.2023R480014,2023R480021)the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programme(Grant No.S202210352001X,S202210352009,S202210352010).
文摘The quantification of the relationship between morphological and color indicators in various organs of horticultural crops is of great significance for crop digital visualization research using computer vision technology.To study this relationship,observational data from a six-year experiment were collected,focusing on seven kinds of color component values of different organs including root,stem,and leaf.Using the collected color data as input,a simulation model was established based on the Elman neural network for six horticultural crops including zizania,cucumber,celery,spinach,parsley,and tea.Results indicated that the horticultural crop morphology model based on the Elman neural network exhibited high simulation accuracy with root mean square error(RMSE)ranging from 0.14 to 1.05 cm and normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)ranging from 2.02% to 11.34% for the maximum root length simulation model.The simulation model for stem length and diameter had an RMSE ranging from 1.42 to 4.96 cm and 0.25 to 1.17 mm,respectively,with NRMSE ranging from 18.19%to 25.65%and 15.13%to 27.25%,respectively.Similarly,chlorophyll content,leaf length,leaf width,and leaf area simulation models exhibited RMSE ranging from 2.80 to 8.22 SPAD,0.44 to 18.04 cm,0.22 to 3.49 cm,and 0.25 to 36.39 cm2,respectively,with NRMSE ranging from 8.63% to 21.04%,15.00%to 22.87%,15.12%to 33.58%,and 6.88%to 24.90%,respectively.These findings provide essential theoretical support for precision agriculture in areas of water and fertilizer management,plant growth diagnosis,and yield prediction.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2025GH-YBXM-047)the Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(No.2025QCY-KXJ-002)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.ZYTS24120 and ZYTS23087)the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing at NWPU(No.SKLSP202213).
文摘Optical temperature sensors have garnered significant attention because of their ability to provide accurate,noncontact temperature measurements.Rare-earth element-doped Gd_(3)Al_(3)Ga_(2)O_(12)(GAGG)ceramics are known for their excellent optical properties,stable crystal structure,good thermal stability,and tunable fluorescence characteristics.In this study,we innovatively introduced a series of Pr^(3+)-doped GAGG garnet ceramics with high sensitivity for optical temperature sensing.The phase structure,morphology,and optical properties of the ceramics were investigated,and the optimal doping concentration was determined.The photoluminescence(PL)and optical temperature sensing properties of the GAGG:Pr^(3+)ceramics were thoroughly examined.The PL spectra of the GAGG:Pr^(3+)garnet transparent ceramics displayed multiple narrow emission peaks,and CIE plots indicated that the luminescence color was tunable within the green region.The emission intensities exhibited a quenching phenomenon at high rare-earth element doping concentrations and elevated temperatures.The optical temperature sensing properties of GAGG:Pr^(3+)were analyzed via the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)method,which is based on Pr^(3+)thermally coupled(^(3)P_(1)→^(3)H_(5)and^(3)P_(0)→^(3)H_(4))and nonthermally coupled(^(3)P_(1)→^(3)H_(5)and^(1)D_(2)→^(3)H_(4))energy level pairs.The maximum relative sensitivities for the thermally coupled and nonthermally coupled energy level pairs of GAGG:Pr^(3+)reached 0.81%K^(−1)(at 300 K)and 0.37%K^(−1)(at 350 K),respectively,under 450 nm blue light excitation.These results suggest that GAGG:Pr^(3+)ceramics have significant potential for noncontact optical temperature sensing applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62375227)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2025JC-QYCX-059)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)BiOBr has garnered significant interest due to its exceptional optoelectronic properties.Currently,reported 2D BiOBr primarily exhibits n-type conductivity.However,in the field of optoelectronics,particularly within complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)integrated circuits,there is an urgent demand for high-quality p-type 2D semiconductors.In this study,we present the synthesis of high-quality,large-scale p-type 2D BiOBr crystals using chemical potential modulation chemical vapor deposition(CPMCVD).Notably,the conduction polarity of 2D BiOBr can be precisely controlled by modulating the oxygen chemical potential during the synthesis process.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that high oxygen chemical potential promotes the formation of bismuth vacancies in 2D BiOBr,resulting in p-type conductivity.Conversely,as the oxygen chemical potential decreases,oxygen vacancies become the predominant defects,leading to n-type BiOBr.Furthermore,both p-type and n-type high-performance field-effect transistors(FETs)based on 2D BiOBr have been fabricated.The p-type FETs exhibit a superior hole mobility of 26.28 cm^(2)V^(−1)s^(−1)and on/off ratio exceeding 104.The n-type FETs demonstrate an electron mobility of 59.59 cm^(2)V^(−1)s^(−1),surpassing those reported for most n-type FETs.This breakthrough in the precise control of conduction polarity in 2D BiOBr using CPMCVD not only represents a significant milestone but also greatly expands its potential applications in advancing CMOS technology.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674265)the Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province(2018JZ6003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3102019MS0402)。
文摘Ternary layered compound materials(bismuth oxyhalides and metal phosphorus trichalcogenides)stand out in electronic and optoelectronic fields due to their interesting physical properties.However,few studies focus on the preparation of high-quality two-dimensional(2D)BiOBr crystals with a typical layered structure,let alone their optoelectronic applications.Here,for the first time,high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals with ultrathin thicknesses(less than 10 nm)and large domain sizes(~100μm)were efficiently prepared via a modified space-confined chemical vapor deposition(SCCVD)method.It is demonstrated that a moderate amount of H2O molecules in the SCCVD system greatly promote the formation of high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals because of the strong polarity of H2O molecules.In addition,a linear relationship between the thickness of BiOBr nanosheets and Raman shift of A1g(1)mode was found.Corresponding theoretical calculations were carried out to verify the experimental data.Furthermore,the BiOBr-based photodetector was fabricated,exhibiting excellent performances with a responsivity of 12.4 A W-1 and a detectivity of 1.6×1013 Jones at 365 nm.This study paves the way for controllable preparation of high-quality 2D BiOBr crystals and implies intriguing opportunities of them in optoelectronic applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62074130)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2021JM-057)+1 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU),2021-TS-09)the Testing Fund Project of Analysis and Testing Center(NPU)(2021T017)。
