The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of initial particle gradation and rock content on the crushing behavior(i.e.grain size before and after crushing) of weathered phyllite fills.Compaction tests ...The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of initial particle gradation and rock content on the crushing behavior(i.e.grain size before and after crushing) of weathered phyllite fills.Compaction tests were conducted on weathered phyllite fills with rock contents of 35%,45%,55%,65% and 75%(by weight).First,the particle size distributions(PSDs) were observed before and after compaction,and then the particle breakage of weathered phyllite fills was analyzed by fractal dimension.Relative fractal dimension was proposed to evaluate the effects of initial rock content and initial gradation on the particle breakage.It was found that the fractal dimension method can well characterize the crushing behaviors of the weathered phyllite fills.The finer the fills were,the more they were compacted.That is,after the first compaction,the relative fractal dimension of the weathered phyllite fills increased as the rock content increased,reaching the values of 0.013,0.016,0.024,0.037 and 0.08,respectively.After the second compaction,these relative fractal dimension values,dominated by the initial particle gradation,became 0.059,0.072,0.052,0.095 and 0.118,respectively.In conclusion,the weathered phyllite fills with 55% rock content exhibited the least breakage and were most suitable for filling the subgrade.Findings in this paper will provide significant guidance for the construction of weathered phyllite filling subgrade in future projects.展开更多
Nuclear magnetic resonance-visible mobile lipid, at 1.28 parts per million （ppm）, is thought to be due to mobile lipid droplets formed in cells and has been considered unique for neural progenitor cells. However, th...Nuclear magnetic resonance-visible mobile lipid, at 1.28 parts per million （ppm）, is thought to be due to mobile lipid droplets formed in cells and has been considered unique for neural progenitor cells. However, this idea remains controversial. The present study examined the 1.28 ppm biomarker in other stem cells and non-stem cells, and explored the relationship between 1.28 ppm biomarker and mobile lipid droplets. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of EC109 cells, mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） and adipogenic cells differentiated from MSCs was performed. Results show that 1.28 ppm biomarker was observed in human MSCs, but was absent from EC109 cells. Following adipogenic differentiation induced for 2 weeks, the 1.28 ppm biomarker climbed remarkably, with mobile lipid droplet generation, suggesting that the 1.28 ppm biomarker is not specific for neural progenitor cells because it is also observed in MSCs and adipogenic-induced differentiated cells. Moreover, it is possible to monitor MSCs differentiation following cell transplantation, using 1.28 ppm biomarker changes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51378072 and 51878064)the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of the Central College of Chang’an University(Grant No.300102218408)the financial support provided by the China Association of Science and Technology(Grant No.2017CASTQNJL048)for visiting the University of Alberta。
文摘The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of initial particle gradation and rock content on the crushing behavior(i.e.grain size before and after crushing) of weathered phyllite fills.Compaction tests were conducted on weathered phyllite fills with rock contents of 35%,45%,55%,65% and 75%(by weight).First,the particle size distributions(PSDs) were observed before and after compaction,and then the particle breakage of weathered phyllite fills was analyzed by fractal dimension.Relative fractal dimension was proposed to evaluate the effects of initial rock content and initial gradation on the particle breakage.It was found that the fractal dimension method can well characterize the crushing behaviors of the weathered phyllite fills.The finer the fills were,the more they were compacted.That is,after the first compaction,the relative fractal dimension of the weathered phyllite fills increased as the rock content increased,reaching the values of 0.013,0.016,0.024,0.037 and 0.08,respectively.After the second compaction,these relative fractal dimension values,dominated by the initial particle gradation,became 0.059,0.072,0.052,0.095 and 0.118,respectively.In conclusion,the weathered phyllite fills with 55% rock content exhibited the least breakage and were most suitable for filling the subgrade.Findings in this paper will provide significant guidance for the construction of weathered phyllite filling subgrade in future projects.
基金the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30930027the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.8151503102000032
文摘Nuclear magnetic resonance-visible mobile lipid, at 1.28 parts per million （ppm）, is thought to be due to mobile lipid droplets formed in cells and has been considered unique for neural progenitor cells. However, this idea remains controversial. The present study examined the 1.28 ppm biomarker in other stem cells and non-stem cells, and explored the relationship between 1.28 ppm biomarker and mobile lipid droplets. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of EC109 cells, mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） and adipogenic cells differentiated from MSCs was performed. Results show that 1.28 ppm biomarker was observed in human MSCs, but was absent from EC109 cells. Following adipogenic differentiation induced for 2 weeks, the 1.28 ppm biomarker climbed remarkably, with mobile lipid droplet generation, suggesting that the 1.28 ppm biomarker is not specific for neural progenitor cells because it is also observed in MSCs and adipogenic-induced differentiated cells. Moreover, it is possible to monitor MSCs differentiation following cell transplantation, using 1.28 ppm biomarker changes.
