Electrochemical water splitting has attracted tremendous interest as a promising approach for generating sustainable hydrogen for transportation and other industrial applications.However,the oxygen evolution reaction(...Electrochemical water splitting has attracted tremendous interest as a promising approach for generating sustainable hydrogen for transportation and other industrial applications.However,the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)significantly limits the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting because of the sluggish reaction kinetics derived from the intrinsic four-electron-transfer process.In addition,the stability of OER electrocatalysts encounters significant challenges during long-term operation under harsh conditions.To overcome these challenges,we demonstrate that monolithic electrodes composed of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)containing Fe,Co,Cr,and Ni can be used as efficient and stable OER catalysts in alkaline solutions.The monolithic FeCoCrNi alloy electrode exhibited a remarkably low overpotential of 237 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) in a 1 mol/L KOH solution.Significantly,the monolithic alloy electrode can operate stably for more than 2000 h at a practical current density of 1 A/cm^(2).The enhanced activity and stability of the alloy electrode are ascribed to surface reconstruction.This work presents a novel and effective approach for fabricating high-performance electrodes with excellent stability for the oxygen evolution reaction.展开更多
Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks(NH-MOFs)synergistically combine the advantages of nanoscale MOFs and hierarchically porous MOFs,resulting in remarkable characteristics such as increased specif...Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks(NH-MOFs)synergistically combine the advantages of nanoscale MOFs and hierarchically porous MOFs,resulting in remarkable characteristics such as increased specific surface area,greater porosity,and enhanced exposure of active sites.Herein,nanoscale hierarchically porous UIO-66(UIO-66_X)was synthesized using a defect-induced strategy that employed ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)as a modulator.The introduced EDTA occupies the coordination sites of organic ligands,promoting the formation and growth of UIO-66 crystal nuclei and inducing defects during synthesis.The as-synthesized UIO-66_X crystals exhibit a uniform distribution with an average size of approximately 100 nm.In addition,the total pore volume attains a remarkable value of 0.95 cm^(3)g^(-1),with mesopores constituting 36.8% of the structure.Furthermore,the porosities of UIO-66_X can be easily tuned by controlling the molar ratio of EDTA/Zr^(4+).In addition,the as-synthesized UIO-66_X exhibits excellent adsorption capacities for n-hexane(344 mg g^(-1))and pxylene(218 mg g^(-1)),which are 44.5% and 27.5% higher than those of conventional UIO-66,respectively.Finally,the adsorption behavior of n-hexane and p-xylene molecules in UIO-66_X was investigated using density functional theory simulations.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membrane vesicles secreted by cells,playing critical roles in mediating intercellular communications for various physiological and pathological processes.Most of the EV analysis is curre...Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membrane vesicles secreted by cells,playing critical roles in mediating intercellular communications for various physiological and pathological processes.Most of the EV analysis is currently performed at the bulk level,obscuring the origin of the EVs and diverse characteristics of the individual extracellular vesicle.Technologies to analyze the extracellular vesicles at the single-cell and single-vesicle levels are needed to evaluate EV comprehensively and decode the heterogeneity underlying EV secretion.Microfluidic platforms that could control and manipulate fluids at the microscale provide an efficient way to achieve the aims.Various microfluidics-based technologies are emerging to realize single-cell EV secretion analysis and single EV analysis,which would be summarized in this mini-review.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0450302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072358,51902304,22209162,U21A2082)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.YD2060002043,WK2060000048)the Hefei Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.BJ2060000042)the financial support from the R&D Department of Petro China。
文摘Electrochemical water splitting has attracted tremendous interest as a promising approach for generating sustainable hydrogen for transportation and other industrial applications.However,the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)significantly limits the efficiency of electrochemical water splitting because of the sluggish reaction kinetics derived from the intrinsic four-electron-transfer process.In addition,the stability of OER electrocatalysts encounters significant challenges during long-term operation under harsh conditions.To overcome these challenges,we demonstrate that monolithic electrodes composed of medium-entropy alloys(MEAs)containing Fe,Co,Cr,and Ni can be used as efficient and stable OER catalysts in alkaline solutions.The monolithic FeCoCrNi alloy electrode exhibited a remarkably low overpotential of 237 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) in a 1 mol/L KOH solution.Significantly,the monolithic alloy electrode can operate stably for more than 2000 h at a practical current density of 1 A/cm^(2).The enhanced activity and stability of the alloy electrode are ascribed to surface reconstruction.This work presents a novel and effective approach for fabricating high-performance electrodes with excellent stability for the oxygen evolution reaction.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22008032)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011881,2020A1515110817,2022A1515011192,2023A1515010679,and 2020A1515110325)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing(2022B1212010015,GPKLIFM-KF202206)the University Characteristic Innovation Foundation of Guangdong(2021KTSCX114 and 2022KTSCX122)。
文摘Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks(NH-MOFs)synergistically combine the advantages of nanoscale MOFs and hierarchically porous MOFs,resulting in remarkable characteristics such as increased specific surface area,greater porosity,and enhanced exposure of active sites.Herein,nanoscale hierarchically porous UIO-66(UIO-66_X)was synthesized using a defect-induced strategy that employed ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)as a modulator.The introduced EDTA occupies the coordination sites of organic ligands,promoting the formation and growth of UIO-66 crystal nuclei and inducing defects during synthesis.The as-synthesized UIO-66_X crystals exhibit a uniform distribution with an average size of approximately 100 nm.In addition,the total pore volume attains a remarkable value of 0.95 cm^(3)g^(-1),with mesopores constituting 36.8% of the structure.Furthermore,the porosities of UIO-66_X can be easily tuned by controlling the molar ratio of EDTA/Zr^(4+).In addition,the as-synthesized UIO-66_X exhibits excellent adsorption capacities for n-hexane(344 mg g^(-1))and pxylene(218 mg g^(-1)),which are 44.5% and 27.5% higher than those of conventional UIO-66,respectively.Finally,the adsorption behavior of n-hexane and p-xylene molecules in UIO-66_X was investigated using density functional theory simulations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21874133,31927802)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2018217)funds from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,CAS(No.I201908)。
文摘Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membrane vesicles secreted by cells,playing critical roles in mediating intercellular communications for various physiological and pathological processes.Most of the EV analysis is currently performed at the bulk level,obscuring the origin of the EVs and diverse characteristics of the individual extracellular vesicle.Technologies to analyze the extracellular vesicles at the single-cell and single-vesicle levels are needed to evaluate EV comprehensively and decode the heterogeneity underlying EV secretion.Microfluidic platforms that could control and manipulate fluids at the microscale provide an efficient way to achieve the aims.Various microfluidics-based technologies are emerging to realize single-cell EV secretion analysis and single EV analysis,which would be summarized in this mini-review.
