Objective:Identifying biomarkers that predict the efficacy and prognosis of chemoradiotherapy is important for individualized clinical treatment.We previously reported that high murine double minute 1(MDM1)expression ...Objective:Identifying biomarkers that predict the efficacy and prognosis of chemoradiotherapy is important for individualized clinical treatment.We previously reported that high murine double minute 1(MDM1)expression in patients with rectal cancer is linked to a favorable chemoradiation response.In this study the role of MDM1 in the chemoradiotherapy response in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients was evaluated.Methods:Colony formation and cell proliferation assays as well as xenograft models were used to determine if MDM1 expression affects the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation.RNA sequencing revealed that MDM1 regulates tumor protein 53(TP53)expression and apoptosis.A series of molecular biology experiments were performed to determine how MDM1 affects p53 expression.The effects of inhibitors targeting apoptosis on MDM1 knockout cells were evaluated.Results:Gene expression profiling revealed that MDM1 is a potential chemoradiotherapy sensitivity marker.The sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation treatment decreased after MDM1 knockout and increased after MDM1 overexpression.MDM1 affected p53 expression,thereby regulating apoptosis.MDM1 overexpression limited YBX1 binding to TP53 promoter,regulated TP53 expression,and rendered CRC cells more sensitive to chemoradiation.In CRC cells with low MDM1 expression,a combination of apoptosis-inducing inhibitors and chemoradiation treatment restored sensitivity to cancer therapy.Conclusions:The current study showed that MDM1 expression influences the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation by influencing p53 and apoptosis pathways,which is the basis for the underlying molecular mechanism,and serves as a possible predictive marker for chemoradiotherapy prognosis.展开更多
Respiratory infectious diseases frequently erupt on a global scale,with RNA viruses,such as SARS-CoV-2,RSV,and influenza viruses,posing challenges to vaccine development due to their high mutation rates.Traditional va...Respiratory infectious diseases frequently erupt on a global scale,with RNA viruses,such as SARS-CoV-2,RSV,and influenza viruses,posing challenges to vaccine development due to their high mutation rates.Traditional vaccine development cycles are lengthy and struggle to keep pace with rapidly evolving viruses,whereas messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccines have demonstrated significant advantages due to their short development periods,straightforward production,and low costs.After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,multiple mRNA vaccines,including Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna,rapidly received emergency use authorization,validating their feasibility.The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 was awarded to Katalin Karikóand Drew Weissman,underscoring the efficacy of mRNA vaccine technology.In 2024,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approval of Moderna's respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)mRNA vaccine marked the immense potential of mRNA technology in vaccine innovation.This review article summarizes the design,clinical research,and future challenges of mRNA vaccines for respiratory viruses,delving into antigen design,mRNA delivery systems,and advancements in vaccines for multiple respiratory viruses,including innovations in self-amplifying mRNA and circular mRNA vaccines.Additionally,the development of combination vaccines is underway,aiming to provide protection against multiple viruses through a single administration.Despite the significant progress in mRNA vaccine development,challenges remain regarding raw material costs,stability,and delivery efficiency.In the future,with technological advancements and the accumulation of clinical experience,the design strategies and delivery systems of mRNA vaccines are expected to be continuously optimized,thereby enhancing their safety and efficacy.展开更多
Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection.This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China a...Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection.This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China and was forced by an Arctic potential vorticity(PV)anomaly intrusion.Temperature advection steered by storms contributed to the equatorward propagation of Arctic high PV,forming the Northeast China cold vortex(NCCV).At the upper levels,a PV southward intrusion guided the combination of the polar jet and the subtropical jet,providing strong vertical wind shear and downward momentum transportation to the event.The PV anomaly cooled the upper troposphere and the northern part of East China,whereas the lower levels over southern East China were dominated by local warm air,thus establishing strong instability and baroclinicity.In addition,the entrainment of Arctic dry air strengthened the surface pressure gradient by evaporation cooling.Capturing the above mechanism has the potential to improve convective weather forecasts under climate change.This study suggests that the more frequent NCCV-induced gale events in recent years are partly due to high-latitude waviness and storm activities,and this hypothesis needs to be investigated using more cases.展开更多
In order to improve the length of plasma in a whole tube and mechanical properties of Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube, a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering coating method with a planar cathode...In order to improve the length of plasma in a whole tube and mechanical properties of Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube, a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering coating method with a planar cathode target and auxiliary anode was proposed. The auxiliary anode was placed near the tube tail to attract plasma into the inner part of the tube. Cr films were deposited on the inner wall of a 20# carbon steel tube with a diameter of 40 mm and length of 120 mm. The influence of auxiliary anode voltage on the discharge characteristics of the Cr target, and the structure and mechanical properties of Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube were explored. With higher auxiliary anode voltage, an increase in substrate current was observed, especially in the tube tail. The thickness uniformity, compactness, hardness and H/E ratios of the Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube increased with the increase in auxiliary anode voltage. The Cr films deposited with auxiliary anode voltage of 60 V exhibited the highest hardness of 9.6 GPa and the lowest friction coefficient of 0.68.展开更多
Rodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard seeds in the soil,benefiting seed dispersal and regeneration.Traits of plant seeds and animals are assoc...Rodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard seeds in the soil,benefiting seed dispersal and regeneration.Traits of plant seeds and animals are associated with rodent-mediated seed dispersal,but animal personality,the consistent individual behavioral differences in time and environments,has not been fully considered.Here,we first measured the personality of 26 Niviventer confucianus in the laboratory,and 10 individuals in the field of one population,and then tested their behavior of seed consumption and hoarding both in semi-natural enclosures and the field.We tested the hypothesis that individuals with different personalities have different preferences for seed consumption and hoarding,which has different implications for seed dispersal and regeneration.Under the enclosure conditions,all parameters of personality are repeatable;bold individuals harvested fewer seeds but scatter-hoarded more seeds and dispersed farther than timid ones,whereas active individuals consumed more seeds,but left fewer seeds on the ground surface than inactive ones.In the field,boldness,activity,and exploration of the animals are repeatable;bold individuals scatter-hoarded more seeds to farther distances than timid ones,whereas active individuals harvested and consumed more seeds than inactive ones.These results suggest that bold rats tended to scatter hoard seeds and disperse them to a longer distance,implying they are more effective in seed dispersal.In the future,animal personality(e.g.boldness and activity)should be considered in seed dispersal studies and ecological-based manipulation in seed dispersal and regeneration of forests.展开更多
Direct seawater electrolysis is a promising way for hydrogen energy production.However,developing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts remains a significant challenge for seawater electrolysis with industrial...Direct seawater electrolysis is a promising way for hydrogen energy production.However,developing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts remains a significant challenge for seawater electrolysis with industrial-level current density due to high concentration of salts and compete reaction of chlorine evolution.Herein,a 1D NiFe_(2)O_(4)/NiMoO_(4) heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall seawater splitting is constructed by combining NiMoO_(4) nanowires with NiFe_(2)O_(4)nanoparticles on carbon felt(CF)by a simple hydrothermal,impregnation and calcination method.The electrocatalyst exhibits low overpotential of 237 and 292 mV for oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction at 400 m A/cm^(2)in the alkaline seawater(1 mol/L KOH+0.5 mol/L NaCl)due to the plentiful interfaces of NiFe_(2)O_(4)/NiMoO_4 which exposes more active sites and expands the active surface area,thereby enhancing its intrinsic activity and promoting the reaction kinetics.Notably,it displays low voltages of 1.95 V to drive current density of 400 m A/cm^(2)in alkaline seawater with its excellent stability of 200 h at above 100 m A/cm^(2),exhibiting outstanding performance and good corrosion resistance.This work provides an effective strategy for constructing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for industrial seawater electrolysis,underscoring its potential for sustainable energy applications.展开更多
Carbon-free hydrogen as a promising clean energy source can be produced with electrocatalysts via water electrolysis.Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)as anodic reaction determines the overall efficiency of water electrol...Carbon-free hydrogen as a promising clean energy source can be produced with electrocatalysts via water electrolysis.Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)as anodic reaction determines the overall efficiency of water electrolysis due to sluggish OER kinetics.Thus,it’s much desirable to explore the efficient and earth-abundant transition-metal-based OER electrocatalysts with high current density and superior stability for industrial alkaline electrolyzers.Herein,we demonstrate a significant enhancement of OER kinetics with the hybrid electrocatalyst arrays in alkaline via judiciously combining earth-abundant and ultrathin NiCo-based layered double hydroxide(NiCo LDH)nanosheets with nickel cobalt sulfides(NiCoS)with a facile metal-organic framework(MOF)-template-involved surface sulfidation process.The obtained NiCo LDH/NiCoS hybrid arrays exhibits an extremely low OER overpotential of 308 mV at 100 mA·cm^(−2),378 mV at 200 mA·cm^(−2)and 472 mV at 400 mA·cm^(−2)in 1 M KOH solution,respectively.A much low Tafel slope of 48 mV·dec^(−1)can be achieved.Meanwhile,with the current density from 50 to 250 mA·cm^(−2),the NiCo-LDH/NiCoS hybrid arrays can run for 25 h without any degradation.Our results demonstrate that the construction of hybrid arrays with abundant interfaces of NiCo LDH/NiCoS can facilitate OER kinetics via possible modulation of binding energy of O-containing intermediates in alkaline media.The present work would pave the way for the development of lowcost and efficient OER catalysts and industrial application of water alkaline electrolyzers.展开更多
Identifying biomarkers for predicting radiotherapy efficacy is crucial for optimizing personalized treatments.We previously reported that rs1553867776 in the miR-4274 seed region can predict survival in patients with ...Identifying biomarkers for predicting radiotherapy efficacy is crucial for optimizing personalized treatments.We previously reported that rs1553867776 in the miR-4274 seed region can predict survival in patients with rectal cancer receiving postoperative chemoradiation therapy.Hence,to investigate the molecular mechanism of the genetic variation and its impact on the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer(CRC),in this study,bioinformatics analysis is combined with functional experiments to confirm peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5(PEX5)as a direct target of miR-4274.The miR-4274 rs1553867776 variant influences the binding of miR-4274 and PEX5 mRNA,which subsequently regulates PEX5 protein expression.The interaction between PEX5 and Ku70 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence.A xenograft tumor model was established to validate the effects of miR-4274 and PEX5 on CRC progression and radiosensitivity in vivo.The overexpression of PEX5 enhances radiosensitivity by preventing Ku70 from entering the nucleus and reducing the repair of ionizing radiation(IR)-induced DNA damage by the Ku70/Ku80 complex in the nucleus.In addition,the enhanced expression of PEX5 is associated with increased IR-induced ferroptosis.Thus,targeting this mechanism might effectively increase the radiosensitivity of CRC.These findings offer novel insights into the mechanism of cancer radioresistance and have important implications for clinical radiotherapy.展开更多
Green hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis holds a great promise for carbon-neutral energy production. However, the development of efficient and low-cost bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysi...Green hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis holds a great promise for carbon-neutral energy production. However, the development of efficient and low-cost bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis at an industrial level remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a facile approach based on one-dimensional (1D) cobalt carbonate hydroxide (CCH) nanoneedles (NNs) as skeleton and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) as a sacrificial template to construct a self-supported NiCo layered double hydroxide (NiCo LDH) heterostructure nanocage (CCH@NiCo LDH) anchoring on the carbon felt (CF). The NiCo LDHs have hollow features, consisting of ultrathin layered hydroxide nanosheets. Benefiting from the structural advantages, unique carbon substrate and desirable composition, three-dimensional (3D) NiCo LDH nanocages exhibit superior performance as a bifunctional catalyst for overall seawater splitting at an industrial level and good corrosion resistance in alkaline media. In the alkaline seawater (1 M KOH + 0.5 M NaCl), it exhibits low overpotentials of 356 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 433 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 400 mA·cm^(−2), much better than most of reported non-noble metal catalysts. Consequently, the obtained CF electrode loading of CCH@NiCo LDH exhibits outstanding performance as anodes and cathodes for overall alkaline seawater splitting, with remarkably low cell voltages of 1.56 and 1.89 V at current densities of 10 and 400 mA·cm^(−2), respectively. Moreover, the robust stability of 100 h is also demonstrated at above 200 mA·cm^(−2) in alkaline seawater. Our present work demonstrates significant potential for constructing effective cost-efficient and non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalyst and electrode for industrial seawater splitting.展开更多
Despite the impressive progress of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials,little is known about the influence of confinement created by crystalline polymer over the fluorescence properties of fluorescent molecules.T...Despite the impressive progress of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials,little is known about the influence of confinement created by crystalline polymer over the fluorescence properties of fluorescent molecules.The effects of confinement on the fluorescence of an aggregation-induced emission luminogen(AIEgen)are investigated using computational simulations,which reveal that the confined space induces the AIEgens to take a more planar conformation,resulting in a red-shifted emission spectrum.With this property,the study is extended to explore the confinement generated by various polymer crystalline forms,and it is shown that different fluorescence colors are activated.This confinement fluorescence effect is attributed to the different spatial dimensions of the polymer amorphous layer between lamellar crystals where the AIEgens are located.These results indicate the immediate association between crystalline structure and fluorescence signals,activating unprecedented photophysical properties of luminescent materials,and also providing the possibility for crystalline structure visualization,it is important for the many polymer crystallization processes occurring in the materials processing.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.81972859 to W.T.)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission Grant(Grant No.D0905001040531 to D.L.)State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Grant(Grant No.SKLMO-KF2023-03 to D.L.).
文摘Objective:Identifying biomarkers that predict the efficacy and prognosis of chemoradiotherapy is important for individualized clinical treatment.We previously reported that high murine double minute 1(MDM1)expression in patients with rectal cancer is linked to a favorable chemoradiation response.In this study the role of MDM1 in the chemoradiotherapy response in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients was evaluated.Methods:Colony formation and cell proliferation assays as well as xenograft models were used to determine if MDM1 expression affects the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation.RNA sequencing revealed that MDM1 regulates tumor protein 53(TP53)expression and apoptosis.A series of molecular biology experiments were performed to determine how MDM1 affects p53 expression.The effects of inhibitors targeting apoptosis on MDM1 knockout cells were evaluated.Results:Gene expression profiling revealed that MDM1 is a potential chemoradiotherapy sensitivity marker.The sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation treatment decreased after MDM1 knockout and increased after MDM1 overexpression.MDM1 affected p53 expression,thereby regulating apoptosis.MDM1 overexpression limited YBX1 binding to TP53 promoter,regulated TP53 expression,and rendered CRC cells more sensitive to chemoradiation.In CRC cells with low MDM1 expression,a combination of apoptosis-inducing inhibitors and chemoradiation treatment restored sensitivity to cancer therapy.Conclusions:The current study showed that MDM1 expression influences the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemoradiation by influencing p53 and apoptosis pathways,which is the basis for the underlying molecular mechanism,and serves as a possible predictive marker for chemoradiotherapy prognosis.
基金Grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFA1300301 and 2018YFA0507101National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:31730054 and 31770900Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:5212016。
文摘Respiratory infectious diseases frequently erupt on a global scale,with RNA viruses,such as SARS-CoV-2,RSV,and influenza viruses,posing challenges to vaccine development due to their high mutation rates.Traditional vaccine development cycles are lengthy and struggle to keep pace with rapidly evolving viruses,whereas messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccines have demonstrated significant advantages due to their short development periods,straightforward production,and low costs.After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,multiple mRNA vaccines,including Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna,rapidly received emergency use authorization,validating their feasibility.The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 was awarded to Katalin Karikóand Drew Weissman,underscoring the efficacy of mRNA vaccine technology.In 2024,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approval of Moderna's respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)mRNA vaccine marked the immense potential of mRNA technology in vaccine innovation.This review article summarizes the design,clinical research,and future challenges of mRNA vaccines for respiratory viruses,delving into antigen design,mRNA delivery systems,and advancements in vaccines for multiple respiratory viruses,including innovations in self-amplifying mRNA and circular mRNA vaccines.Additionally,the development of combination vaccines is underway,aiming to provide protection against multiple viruses through a single administration.Despite the significant progress in mRNA vaccine development,challenges remain regarding raw material costs,stability,and delivery efficiency.In the future,with technological advancements and the accumulation of clinical experience,the design strategies and delivery systems of mRNA vaccines are expected to be continuously optimized,thereby enhancing their safety and efficacy.
基金supported by the China National Science Foundation (Grant No. 41705029)Anhui Joint Foundation (Grant No.2208085UQ11)+2 种基金China Meteorological Administration special grants on innovation and development (Grant No. CXFZ2023J017)China Meteorological Administration special grants on decision-making meteorological service (Grant No. JCZX2022005)support from the innovation team at Anhui Meteorological Bureau
文摘Arctic changes influence not only temperature and precipitation in the midlatitudes but also contribute to severe convection.This study investigates an extreme gale event that occurred on 30 April 2021 in East China and was forced by an Arctic potential vorticity(PV)anomaly intrusion.Temperature advection steered by storms contributed to the equatorward propagation of Arctic high PV,forming the Northeast China cold vortex(NCCV).At the upper levels,a PV southward intrusion guided the combination of the polar jet and the subtropical jet,providing strong vertical wind shear and downward momentum transportation to the event.The PV anomaly cooled the upper troposphere and the northern part of East China,whereas the lower levels over southern East China were dominated by local warm air,thus establishing strong instability and baroclinicity.In addition,the entrainment of Arctic dry air strengthened the surface pressure gradient by evaporation cooling.Capturing the above mechanism has the potential to improve convective weather forecasts under climate change.This study suggests that the more frequent NCCV-induced gale events in recent years are partly due to high-latitude waviness and storm activities,and this hypothesis needs to be investigated using more cases.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12075071 and 11875119)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(HITTY-20190013)。
文摘In order to improve the length of plasma in a whole tube and mechanical properties of Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube, a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering coating method with a planar cathode target and auxiliary anode was proposed. The auxiliary anode was placed near the tube tail to attract plasma into the inner part of the tube. Cr films were deposited on the inner wall of a 20# carbon steel tube with a diameter of 40 mm and length of 120 mm. The influence of auxiliary anode voltage on the discharge characteristics of the Cr target, and the structure and mechanical properties of Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube were explored. With higher auxiliary anode voltage, an increase in substrate current was observed, especially in the tube tail. The thickness uniformity, compactness, hardness and H/E ratios of the Cr films deposited on the inner surface of the tube increased with the increase in auxiliary anode voltage. The Cr films deposited with auxiliary anode voltage of 60 V exhibited the highest hardness of 9.6 GPa and the lowest friction coefficient of 0.68.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170508,31870416)the Damushan National Forest Park,Tongshan China.
文摘Rodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard seeds in the soil,benefiting seed dispersal and regeneration.Traits of plant seeds and animals are associated with rodent-mediated seed dispersal,but animal personality,the consistent individual behavioral differences in time and environments,has not been fully considered.Here,we first measured the personality of 26 Niviventer confucianus in the laboratory,and 10 individuals in the field of one population,and then tested their behavior of seed consumption and hoarding both in semi-natural enclosures and the field.We tested the hypothesis that individuals with different personalities have different preferences for seed consumption and hoarding,which has different implications for seed dispersal and regeneration.Under the enclosure conditions,all parameters of personality are repeatable;bold individuals harvested fewer seeds but scatter-hoarded more seeds and dispersed farther than timid ones,whereas active individuals consumed more seeds,but left fewer seeds on the ground surface than inactive ones.In the field,boldness,activity,and exploration of the animals are repeatable;bold individuals scatter-hoarded more seeds to farther distances than timid ones,whereas active individuals harvested and consumed more seeds than inactive ones.These results suggest that bold rats tended to scatter hoard seeds and disperse them to a longer distance,implying they are more effective in seed dispersal.In the future,animal personality(e.g.boldness and activity)should be considered in seed dispersal studies and ecological-based manipulation in seed dispersal and regeneration of forests.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51908408)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(No.2019KJ008)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241845)。
文摘Direct seawater electrolysis is a promising way for hydrogen energy production.However,developing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts remains a significant challenge for seawater electrolysis with industrial-level current density due to high concentration of salts and compete reaction of chlorine evolution.Herein,a 1D NiFe_(2)O_(4)/NiMoO_(4) heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall seawater splitting is constructed by combining NiMoO_(4) nanowires with NiFe_(2)O_(4)nanoparticles on carbon felt(CF)by a simple hydrothermal,impregnation and calcination method.The electrocatalyst exhibits low overpotential of 237 and 292 mV for oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction at 400 m A/cm^(2)in the alkaline seawater(1 mol/L KOH+0.5 mol/L NaCl)due to the plentiful interfaces of NiFe_(2)O_(4)/NiMoO_4 which exposes more active sites and expands the active surface area,thereby enhancing its intrinsic activity and promoting the reaction kinetics.Notably,it displays low voltages of 1.95 V to drive current density of 400 m A/cm^(2)in alkaline seawater with its excellent stability of 200 h at above 100 m A/cm^(2),exhibiting outstanding performance and good corrosion resistance.This work provides an effective strategy for constructing efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for industrial seawater electrolysis,underscoring its potential for sustainable energy applications.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51908408 and 21872104)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin for Distinguished Young Scholar(No.20JCJQJC00150)+1 种基金Innovative Research Team of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission(No.TD13-5008)D.M.acknowledges the support from the Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘Carbon-free hydrogen as a promising clean energy source can be produced with electrocatalysts via water electrolysis.Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)as anodic reaction determines the overall efficiency of water electrolysis due to sluggish OER kinetics.Thus,it’s much desirable to explore the efficient and earth-abundant transition-metal-based OER electrocatalysts with high current density and superior stability for industrial alkaline electrolyzers.Herein,we demonstrate a significant enhancement of OER kinetics with the hybrid electrocatalyst arrays in alkaline via judiciously combining earth-abundant and ultrathin NiCo-based layered double hydroxide(NiCo LDH)nanosheets with nickel cobalt sulfides(NiCoS)with a facile metal-organic framework(MOF)-template-involved surface sulfidation process.The obtained NiCo LDH/NiCoS hybrid arrays exhibits an extremely low OER overpotential of 308 mV at 100 mA·cm^(−2),378 mV at 200 mA·cm^(−2)and 472 mV at 400 mA·cm^(−2)in 1 M KOH solution,respectively.A much low Tafel slope of 48 mV·dec^(−1)can be achieved.Meanwhile,with the current density from 50 to 250 mA·cm^(−2),the NiCo-LDH/NiCoS hybrid arrays can run for 25 h without any degradation.Our results demonstrate that the construction of hybrid arrays with abundant interfaces of NiCo LDH/NiCoS can facilitate OER kinetics via possible modulation of binding energy of O-containing intermediates in alkaline media.The present work would pave the way for the development of lowcost and efficient OER catalysts and industrial application of water alkaline electrolyzers.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.81972859 to W.T.)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(Grant No.2021-I2M-1-013 to D.L.and W.T.)State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Grants(Grant No.SKLMO-2021-03 to W.T.and SKLMO-KF-2023-03 to D.L.)。
文摘Identifying biomarkers for predicting radiotherapy efficacy is crucial for optimizing personalized treatments.We previously reported that rs1553867776 in the miR-4274 seed region can predict survival in patients with rectal cancer receiving postoperative chemoradiation therapy.Hence,to investigate the molecular mechanism of the genetic variation and its impact on the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer(CRC),in this study,bioinformatics analysis is combined with functional experiments to confirm peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5(PEX5)as a direct target of miR-4274.The miR-4274 rs1553867776 variant influences the binding of miR-4274 and PEX5 mRNA,which subsequently regulates PEX5 protein expression.The interaction between PEX5 and Ku70 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence.A xenograft tumor model was established to validate the effects of miR-4274 and PEX5 on CRC progression and radiosensitivity in vivo.The overexpression of PEX5 enhances radiosensitivity by preventing Ku70 from entering the nucleus and reducing the repair of ionizing radiation(IR)-induced DNA damage by the Ku70/Ku80 complex in the nucleus.In addition,the enhanced expression of PEX5 is associated with increased IR-induced ferroptosis.Thus,targeting this mechanism might effectively increase the radiosensitivity of CRC.These findings offer novel insights into the mechanism of cancer radioresistance and have important implications for clinical radiotherapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51908408 and 21872104)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin for Distinguished Young Scholar,China(No.20JCJQJC00150).
文摘Green hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis holds a great promise for carbon-neutral energy production. However, the development of efficient and low-cost bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis at an industrial level remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a facile approach based on one-dimensional (1D) cobalt carbonate hydroxide (CCH) nanoneedles (NNs) as skeleton and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) as a sacrificial template to construct a self-supported NiCo layered double hydroxide (NiCo LDH) heterostructure nanocage (CCH@NiCo LDH) anchoring on the carbon felt (CF). The NiCo LDHs have hollow features, consisting of ultrathin layered hydroxide nanosheets. Benefiting from the structural advantages, unique carbon substrate and desirable composition, three-dimensional (3D) NiCo LDH nanocages exhibit superior performance as a bifunctional catalyst for overall seawater splitting at an industrial level and good corrosion resistance in alkaline media. In the alkaline seawater (1 M KOH + 0.5 M NaCl), it exhibits low overpotentials of 356 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 433 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 400 mA·cm^(−2), much better than most of reported non-noble metal catalysts. Consequently, the obtained CF electrode loading of CCH@NiCo LDH exhibits outstanding performance as anodes and cathodes for overall alkaline seawater splitting, with remarkably low cell voltages of 1.56 and 1.89 V at current densities of 10 and 400 mA·cm^(−2), respectively. Moreover, the robust stability of 100 h is also demonstrated at above 200 mA·cm^(−2) in alkaline seawater. Our present work demonstrates significant potential for constructing effective cost-efficient and non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalyst and electrode for industrial seawater splitting.
基金the National Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51973030,52127805,52273031,22173017the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,Grant/Award Numbers:20JC1414900,22511103900+3 种基金the Shanghai Rising-Star Program,Grant/Award Number:20QA1400100the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2022M710664,2022M710663,2022T150111the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:2232021A-06,22D210613“DHU”Distinguished Young Professor Program,Grant/Award Number:LZB2021001。
文摘Despite the impressive progress of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials,little is known about the influence of confinement created by crystalline polymer over the fluorescence properties of fluorescent molecules.The effects of confinement on the fluorescence of an aggregation-induced emission luminogen(AIEgen)are investigated using computational simulations,which reveal that the confined space induces the AIEgens to take a more planar conformation,resulting in a red-shifted emission spectrum.With this property,the study is extended to explore the confinement generated by various polymer crystalline forms,and it is shown that different fluorescence colors are activated.This confinement fluorescence effect is attributed to the different spatial dimensions of the polymer amorphous layer between lamellar crystals where the AIEgens are located.These results indicate the immediate association between crystalline structure and fluorescence signals,activating unprecedented photophysical properties of luminescent materials,and also providing the possibility for crystalline structure visualization,it is important for the many polymer crystallization processes occurring in the materials processing.
