背景与目的浆膜腔积液是中晚期肺癌患者常见并发症,其出现往往提示肿瘤已发生胸膜或其他浆膜转移。准确诊断积液中的肿瘤细胞并进行病理分型,对指导临床治疗至关重要。然而,单纯依赖细胞形态学诊断存在局限性,尤其在不典型病例中易出现...背景与目的浆膜腔积液是中晚期肺癌患者常见并发症,其出现往往提示肿瘤已发生胸膜或其他浆膜转移。准确诊断积液中的肿瘤细胞并进行病理分型,对指导临床治疗至关重要。然而,单纯依赖细胞形态学诊断存在局限性,尤其在不典型病例中易出现不确定性诊断。《浆膜腔积液细胞病理学国际报告系统》(The International System for Serous Fluid Cytopathology,TIS)提出了形态学与辅助技术相结合的标准化分层诊断框架,但其在国内肺癌人群中的临床应用价值尚缺乏大规模验证。本研究旨在基于大样本肺癌病例,系统性评估TIS系统在肺癌浆膜腔积液诊断与分型中的效能。方法回顾性纳入2018年1月至2023年12月中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的1274例浆膜腔积液样本,其均来源于组织病理学和/或临床病史确诊的肺癌患者。严格遵循TIS系统诊断流程,先进行形态学评估并分级(Ⅰ-Ⅴ级),对部分形态学不确定(Ⅲ、Ⅳ级)及Ⅴ级病例,利用细胞蜡块进行免疫细胞化学(immunocytochemistry,ICC)检测,综合确定最终诊断级别并进行肿瘤分型与起源判断。统计分析形态学初诊与联合ICC诊断一致性、分级变化趋势及ICC检测在病理分型与溯源中的临床价值。结果形态学初诊中,83.1%(1059/1274)的病例直接诊断为恶性(V级),12.3%(157/1274)的病例为不确定性诊断(Ⅲ或Ⅳ级)。对69例接受ICC检测的病例进一步分析显示,升级诊断率为85.5%(59/69),其中Ⅳ级病例的升级比例(89.6%,43/48)高于Ⅲ级(76.2%,16/21);7.2%(5/69)的Ⅲ级病例降级为良性(Ⅱ级),另7.2%(5/69)因细胞量不足或分化差而维持原级,表明ICC可显著提升肺癌浆膜腔积液不确定性诊断的明确性。在最终诊断恶性的病例中,ICC对542例进行分型与溯源,533例(98.3%)实现精准病理分型(腺癌86.7%、小细胞癌4.4%、鳞癌3.9%),510例(94.0%)明确为肺来源。关键ICC标志物表达谱分析显示,浆膜腔积液中肺腺癌甲状腺转录因子-1(thyroid transcription factor-1,TTF-1)与Napsin A呈高表达,阳性率分别为93.0%和76.2%;肺鳞癌特征性表达P40和P63,阳性率分别为60.0%和73.7%;小细胞癌强表达Syn与CD56,阳性率分别达87.0%和81.8%。通过采用一组互补抗体进行综合判读,可以对形态学初诊报告进行验证与补充,为亚型鉴别提供可靠依据。结论TIS系统构建的“形态学初诊、辅助技术确证”分层诊断路径,能显著提高肺癌浆膜腔积液诊断的准确性,有效优化不确定性病例分流,实现高精度的病理分型与组织起源判断。建议在临床实践中推广应用TIS系统,以促进浆膜腔积液细胞病理学诊断的规范化与精准化。展开更多
The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D...The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D)landscape patterns on LST variations,and research investigating the relationship between three-dimensional(3D)urban landscape patterns and LST remains relatively scarce.Therefore,this study utilizes partial correlation analysis and piecewise linear regression to systematically investigate the impacts of gray landscape indicators on LST variations under both 2D and 3D urban patterns,aiming to elucidate the complex relationship between 3D urban landscape patterns and LST dynamics.The results demonstrate that specific 3D building characteristics,particularly the area of low-rise buildings,building aggregation degree,shape complexity,and patch density of mid-rise buildings,serve as effective indicators of urban thermal environment risk.The analysis reveals that increased area-related indicators for low-rise buildings significantly exacerbate the LST rise,whereas modifications to the landscape shape of middle and high-rise buildings contribute to thermal mitigation.Additionally,when gray landscape aggregation exceeds 80%,the spatial concentration of mid-rise buildings exhibits a pronounced positive effect on moderating urban LST.These findings elucidate the mechanisms through which 3D landscape patterns influence urban thermal risks in Beijing,advancing the understanding of urban landscape-ecological processes interactions and providing crucial scientific support for landscape optimization and urban thermal environment risk mitigation strategies.展开更多
Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and...Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and structural control scientifically. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems aim for sustainable development in terms of industry, ecology, resource utilization, and the livelihoods of producers. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems create a complex production structure system that integrates biology, society, and the economy through species combinations. Rubber trees and associated biological components coordinate with each other, mutually promote growth, and yield a variety of products for producers. Cultivation techniques and patterns of rubber agroforestry are essential components of these ecosystems. This study analyzes the production practices of rubber agroforestry complex cultivation, with a focus on the development and characteristics (complexity, systematicity, intensity, and hierarchy) of rubber agroforestry systems using a literature analysis and a survey approach. It explores the types and scales of complex planting, specifications and forms, and major effects of complex cultivation. This study identifies successful rubber agroforestry cultivation patterns and practical techniques, as well as the potential benefits of developing rubber agroforestry cultivation. It also points out the shortcomings in the development of complex planting, including an emphasis on production practices but insufficient theoretical research, a focus on production but inadequate attention to the market, and an emphasis on yield while overlooking the improvement of standards, brands, and added value. There are various complex patterns for young rubber plantations, but relatively fewer for mature plantations. Based on this analysis, this study suggests that future efforts should focus on in-depth research on interspecies and environmental interactions in rubber agroforestry ecosystems, clearly define key roles, accelerate the innovation of development patterns, and strengthen the foundation for development. It recommends promoting and demonstrating successful rubber agroforestry complex patterns and providing technical training, developing product branding for rubber agroforestry patterns, enhancing product value, expanding the application functions of rubber-forest mixed crop products, and establishing a stable and sustainable industry chain. This study provide practical experience and theoretical insights in rubber agroforestry complex systems from China the potential to enrich the knowledge of rubber agroforestry composite systems, provide practical experience to improve the operating income of smallholders, and even promote the sustainable development of rubber plantations.展开更多
背景与目的非小细胞肺癌的免疫治疗药物pembrolizumab需要基于包括免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)在内的检测结果,即通过检测程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-L1)的表达等手段来预测治疗反应。评估肺腺癌...背景与目的非小细胞肺癌的免疫治疗药物pembrolizumab需要基于包括免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)在内的检测结果,即通过检测程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-L1)的表达等手段来预测治疗反应。评估肺腺癌细胞学标本免疫细胞化学(immunocytochemistry,ICC)方法检测PD-L1的可行性,并探讨PD-L1表达与临床病理及分子特征的相关性。方法收集60例肺腺癌胸水细胞学标本应用PD-L1 sp263试剂按照生产说明书进行免疫细胞化学染色,同时对胸水细胞学标本做高通量二代测序(next-generation sequencing,NGS),探讨PD-L1与驱动基因突变的相关性。结果60例肺腺癌胸水细胞块标本ICC检测中,有35例PD-L1表达阳性,阳性表达率为58.3%。本院57例组织学标本PD-L1 IHC表达的阳性率为33.3%,细胞学标本与组织学标本差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。60例细胞学标本中26例接受NGS检测,15例(57.7%)发现表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factorreceptor,EGFR)突变,经统计PD-L1表达与EGFR突变未发现相关性。PD-L1的阳性表达率与研究人群的年龄、性别、是否淋巴结或远处转移及是否进行放化疗或靶向治疗均未发现相关性(P>0.05)。结论在无手术标本可取时,胸水细胞学细胞块标本可以对PD-L1进行免疫细胞化学检测,其结果具有可行性。展开更多
The disordered macroporous-mesoporous La_(1-x)Ce_(x)CoO_(3)catalysts were prepared by complexcombustion method with ethylene glycol as complexing agent at relatively low calcination temperature.The samples were charac...The disordered macroporous-mesoporous La_(1-x)Ce_(x)CoO_(3)catalysts were prepared by complexcombustion method with ethylene glycol as complexing agent at relatively low calcination temperature.The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction,N_(2)adsorption-ndash;desorption,Xray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and soot temperature-programmed reduction,and so on.The results show that the use of complexing agent and relatively low calcination temperature increase the specific surface area of the catalyst and have abundant pore structure.The Ce ions introduced into lattice of LaCoO_(3)mainly exist in the form of tetravalent.At the same time,Ce ions enhance the redox performance of the catalyst and the mobility of active oxygen species,which enhances the catalytic activity of the catalyst for soot combustion.The results of activity test show that La0.9Ce0.1CoO3 catalyst exhibits the highest activity in the absence of NO and NO2,and its T10,T50 and T90 are 371,444,and 497℃,respectively.At the same time,a possible reaction mechanism is proposed in this study based on the turnover frequency(TOF)calculated by isothermal anaerobic titrations,XPS and XRD results.展开更多
Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale...Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale ecological restoration programs to combat land degradation.However,there is a lack of comprehensive assess-ment of its land degradation situation after ecological programs implementation,which is of great significance to supporting SDG15.3 in China.This study analyzed the land degradation situation using the improved SDG15.3.1 calculation framework based on fine resolution data in Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020,and finally compre-hensively evaluated the land status of the whole region and those subject to ecological programs.The results show that net land restoration proportion of various ecological project regions and whole region continues to increase.The scope of the Grain for Green Program(GGP)had the largest proportion of net land restoration while the Natural Reserve Program(NRP)had the lowest proportion from 2000 to 2020.The net land restoration area of Inner Mongolia during 2000-2010 and 2010-2020 was 35,800 km 2 and 65,300 km 2,respectively.Overall,Inner Mongolia has achieved statistically zero growth in land degradation under the governance of ecological restora-tion programs.Therefore,reasonable planning,well monitoring,and timely assessment of ecological restoration programs are crucial to support SDG15.3.展开更多
Background:Though the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration are deeply understood,those involved in muscle contusion,one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine clinics,are not.The objective of this...Background:Though the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration are deeply understood,those involved in muscle contusion,one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine clinics,are not.The objective of this study is to explore the mechanisms involved in muscle regeneration after contusion injury.Methods:In this study,a total of 72 mice were used.Eight of them were randomly chosen for the control group,while the rest were subjected to muscle contusion.Subsequently,their gastrocnemius muscles were harvested at different time points.The changes in muscle morphology were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) stain.In addition,the gene expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:The data showed that the expression of many genes,i.e.,specific markers of immune cells and satellite cells,regulatory factors for muscle regeneration,cytokines,and chemokines,increased in the early stages of recovery,especially in the first 3 days.Furthermore,there were strict rules in the expression of these genes.However,almost all the genes returned to normal at 14 days post-injury.Conclusion:The sequence of immune cells invaded after muscle contusion was neutrophils,M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages.Some CC(CCL2,CCL3,and CCL4) and CXC(CXCL10) chemokines may be involved in the chemotaxis of these immune cells.HGF may be the primary factor to activate the satellite cells after muscle contusion.Moreover,2 weeks are needed to recover when acute contusion happens as used in this study.展开更多
China has banned harvesting organs from executed prisoners since January 1st, 2015, making voluntary donation the only legitimate venue for organ transplant. It is a critical move to settle all the controversies about...China has banned harvesting organs from executed prisoners since January 1st, 2015, making voluntary donation the only legitimate venue for organ transplant. It is a critical move to settle all the controversies about China＇s organ transplant process by making a loud and strong statement worldwide that the Chinese government respects human rights and is streamlining its organ transplant process to conform with internationally accepted standards on organ transplantation. This regulation removes one major obstacle of organ transplant in China; however, China still faces the other maior obstacle of critical organ shortage.展开更多
Regional coordinated ecological development is a new form of regional coordinated development that aims to construct an ecological civilization in the“new normal”period.The coordinated ecological development of the ...Regional coordinated ecological development is a new form of regional coordinated development that aims to construct an ecological civilization in the“new normal”period.The coordinated ecological development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region is especially significant because this region is leading the overall coordinated development and reform in China.Based on complex system theory,synergetics,and the ecological civilization and green development ideas of the“new normal”period,we constructed a regional ecological synergy measurement model that scientifically evaluates the dynamic evolution of the BTH ecological synergy level from 2006 to 2018.Using an econometric model,we also analyzed the welfare effect and the regional heterogeneity of ecological synergy in regional development.First,it was found that in general,the degree of ecological synergy in BTH increased yearly up to 2018 with a strong development trend.The speed of ecological synergy in the Tianjin-Hebei and Beijing-Hebei subsystems was accelerating during that period,but the development potential of the ecological synergy in Beijing-Tianjin was insufficient and slow-growing.Second,whereas Beijing had entered the stage of moderate coordinated ecological development,Tianjin and Hebei remained in the low level of coordinated development;moreover,the coordinated development was unstable.The uneven development of the internal subsystems in BTH restricted the development of the cooperative effect and the overall development of the region.Third,improving the degree of ecological synergy significantly benefited the social and economic welfare in BTH.Finally,the welfare effect of the degree of ecological synergy showed a significant regional heterogeneity,being significantly higher in Tianjin and Hebei than in Beijing.This result indicates that improving the ecological synergy can narrow the development gaps between Tianjin,Hebei,and Beijing.To further improve the level of regional ecological synergy,we should innovate the coordinated model of regional development,implement the collaborative ecological development model,generate new growth drivers for the green development of BTH based on a reasonable division of labor,difference positioning,and active integration,create a soft environment for an innovation ecosystem that promotes regional ecological synergy,and build a regional innovation ecosystem led by Beijing and Xiongan.Next,we should establish a balanced regional-interest mechanism with ecological environmental protection that supports regional green and high-quality development.展开更多
A general,facile and eco-friendly iron catalysis enables oxidation of unstrained tertiary aromatic alcohols to ketones through C-C bond cleavage even with H_(2)O_(2) as the oxidant.Notably,this transformation can tole...A general,facile and eco-friendly iron catalysis enables oxidation of unstrained tertiary aromatic alcohols to ketones through C-C bond cleavage even with H_(2)O_(2) as the oxidant.Notably,this transformation can tolerate oxidation-labile functional groups.The robustness of this method is further demonstrated on the late-stage oxidation of complex bioactive molecules.展开更多
Objective To verify the neurotypicality of AAV-PHP.eB after tail vein injection in adult mice and its efficiency in crossing the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Methods The rAAV-SYN-GFP plasmid was constructed, and adult C57...Objective To verify the neurotypicality of AAV-PHP.eB after tail vein injection in adult mice and its efficiency in crossing the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Methods The rAAV-SYN-GFP plasmid was constructed, and adult C57 BL mice were injected with AAV PHP.eB: SYN-GFP in the tail vein(300 nL, virus titer 3 × 10~9 vg) and in the prefrontal lobe(50 L, virus tite5 × 10^(11) vg). The green fluorescent protein(GFP) signal in the brain was observed at two weeks, while the GFP signal in the peripheral organs was observed at four weeks. Results Two weeks after tail vein injection, GFP expression was observed throughout the brain especially in the cortex, hippocampus, and geniculate nucleus. No GFP signal was observed or detected by western blotting in the peripheral organs after four weeks. GFP signal was observed mainly at the loca site after prefrontal lobe injection.Conclusion AAV-PHP.eB: SYN-GFP can effectively cross the BBB in adult mice. Using a neuron-specific promoter allows exogenous gene expression in neurons; therefore, AAV-PHP.eB can be used as an effective carrier for studying diseases in the central nervous system(CNS).展开更多
For the diagnosis of diseases,modern medicine usually searches for diseases in the disease database to find the type of disease that matches them.The diagnosis of diseases is the first step in treatment.Then the class...For the diagnosis of diseases,modern medicine usually searches for diseases in the disease database to find the type of disease that matches them.The diagnosis of diseases is the first step in treatment.Then the classification of diseases is the basis of disease diagnosis.Disease classification plays an extremely important role in the scientific management of medical records and the development of modern medicine,and is a bridge connecting modern medical science.Therefore,the classification of diseases is very necessary.Based on this,this article establishes a K-means model for disease diagnosis,and combines the internationally unified disease type code ICD statistics table to classify the sample data set into infectious and parasitic diseases,tumors,diabetes and circulatory diseases The training is perfect,and finally the diagnosis classification of the disease is realized.展开更多
To evaluate the levels of heavy metal pollution and risks in consumption of aquatic products from a market in Binzhou,the contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr and Pb in the edible part of eight aquatic species such as Ctenopharyng...To evaluate the levels of heavy metal pollution and risks in consumption of aquatic products from a market in Binzhou,the contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr and Pb in the edible part of eight aquatic species such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The results show that the levels of the five elements differed among different species of aquatic products.The ability of bivalves to accumulate heavy metals was significantly higher than that of fish.Compared with relevant food hygiene standards,there was a certain excess of Cr in Ruditapes philippinarum and Penaeus vannamei.The results of human exposure risk assessment show that the THQ values of the heavy metals in the eight aquatic species were all less than 1,indicating that the consumption of these aquatic products had no potential non-carcinogenic risks.展开更多
The increasing prevalence of acute traumatic injuries caused by traffic accidents,and natural disasters presents multifaceted challenges such as hemorrhages in irregular wounds and being susceptible to microbes.Herein...The increasing prevalence of acute traumatic injuries caused by traffic accidents,and natural disasters presents multifaceted challenges such as hemorrhages in irregular wounds and being susceptible to microbes.Herein,in situ point-of-care electrospun Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber bioactive dressings coordinated with tannic acid-based copper nanoparticles(CTZP)are prepared.CTZP exhibits rapid hemostasis performance in rat tail amputation model.And in vitro blood coagulation experiment verifies that CTZP can achieve blood coagulation within 1 min.It has been found that CTZP can activate platelet through the expression of TBXAS1 via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Furthermore,the in vitro tube forming assay present that CTZP has an angiogenetic promotion effect.The qPCR result reveals that Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone(ZP)substrate can realize angiogenesis promotion by elevating the production of VEGF.Moreover,the addition of tannic acid-based copper(Cu@TA)nanoparticles further enhances VEGF promotion effect and synergistically upregulates the expression of eNOS by PI3K-Akt signaling pathway which is the same as the pathway in platelet activation.In addition,the in vivo immunohis-tochemistry results confirm the upregulation of VEGF and CD31 which are angiogenesis-related proteins.Be-sides,Cu@TA nanoparticles endow CTZP dressings with potent antibacterial activity through hydroxyl radical generation via Fenton-like reaction and copper ion release.Eventually,in vivo experiment using an S.aureus-infected rat wound model confirms CTZP’s significant wound-healing efficacy.These findings advance the practical application of in situ electrospinning technology for acute trauma care,providing both theoretical and material insights for designing hemostatic,anti-infection,and angiogenetic wound dressings.展开更多
This paper addresses the urgent need to detect low,slow,and small(LSS)unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in complex and critical environments,proposing an active low-altitude target detection method based on the cat’s eye...This paper addresses the urgent need to detect low,slow,and small(LSS)unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in complex and critical environments,proposing an active low-altitude target detection method based on the cat’s eye effect.The detection system incorporates a control module,a laser emission component,a co-optical path panoramic scanning optical mechanism structure,an echo reception component,target detection,and visualization processing to achieve small target detection.The light source is emitted by a near-infrared laser,and the scanning optical path is realized using micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)mirrors and servo mechanisms.The echo reception signal is received by an avalanche photodiode(APD)and the target detection module,which captures the reflected signal and distance information.The detection software integrates the local pyramid attention(LPA)module and the field pyramid network(FPN)through the UAV micro lens identification algorithm.It eliminates false alarms by incorporating SKNet21 and uses the APD to collect echo intensity and flight time,thereby reducing the false alarm rate.The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed target detection method,which achieves a mean average precision of 0.809 at an intersection over union(IoU)of 0.50,a mean average precision of 0.324 at an IoU of 0.50–0.95,and a throughput of 49.8 Giga floating-point operations per second(GFLOPs),indicating that it can address the current limitations in LSS target detection.展开更多
文摘背景与目的浆膜腔积液是中晚期肺癌患者常见并发症,其出现往往提示肿瘤已发生胸膜或其他浆膜转移。准确诊断积液中的肿瘤细胞并进行病理分型,对指导临床治疗至关重要。然而,单纯依赖细胞形态学诊断存在局限性,尤其在不典型病例中易出现不确定性诊断。《浆膜腔积液细胞病理学国际报告系统》(The International System for Serous Fluid Cytopathology,TIS)提出了形态学与辅助技术相结合的标准化分层诊断框架,但其在国内肺癌人群中的临床应用价值尚缺乏大规模验证。本研究旨在基于大样本肺癌病例,系统性评估TIS系统在肺癌浆膜腔积液诊断与分型中的效能。方法回顾性纳入2018年1月至2023年12月中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的1274例浆膜腔积液样本,其均来源于组织病理学和/或临床病史确诊的肺癌患者。严格遵循TIS系统诊断流程,先进行形态学评估并分级(Ⅰ-Ⅴ级),对部分形态学不确定(Ⅲ、Ⅳ级)及Ⅴ级病例,利用细胞蜡块进行免疫细胞化学(immunocytochemistry,ICC)检测,综合确定最终诊断级别并进行肿瘤分型与起源判断。统计分析形态学初诊与联合ICC诊断一致性、分级变化趋势及ICC检测在病理分型与溯源中的临床价值。结果形态学初诊中,83.1%(1059/1274)的病例直接诊断为恶性(V级),12.3%(157/1274)的病例为不确定性诊断(Ⅲ或Ⅳ级)。对69例接受ICC检测的病例进一步分析显示,升级诊断率为85.5%(59/69),其中Ⅳ级病例的升级比例(89.6%,43/48)高于Ⅲ级(76.2%,16/21);7.2%(5/69)的Ⅲ级病例降级为良性(Ⅱ级),另7.2%(5/69)因细胞量不足或分化差而维持原级,表明ICC可显著提升肺癌浆膜腔积液不确定性诊断的明确性。在最终诊断恶性的病例中,ICC对542例进行分型与溯源,533例(98.3%)实现精准病理分型(腺癌86.7%、小细胞癌4.4%、鳞癌3.9%),510例(94.0%)明确为肺来源。关键ICC标志物表达谱分析显示,浆膜腔积液中肺腺癌甲状腺转录因子-1(thyroid transcription factor-1,TTF-1)与Napsin A呈高表达,阳性率分别为93.0%和76.2%;肺鳞癌特征性表达P40和P63,阳性率分别为60.0%和73.7%;小细胞癌强表达Syn与CD56,阳性率分别达87.0%和81.8%。通过采用一组互补抗体进行综合判读,可以对形态学初诊报告进行验证与补充,为亚型鉴别提供可靠依据。结论TIS系统构建的“形态学初诊、辅助技术确证”分层诊断路径,能显著提高肺癌浆膜腔积液诊断的准确性,有效优化不确定性病例分流,实现高精度的病理分型与组织起源判断。建议在临床实践中推广应用TIS系统,以促进浆膜腔积液细胞病理学诊断的规范化与精准化。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2024YFF1306200]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42171318].
文摘The rapid urbanization has significantly accelerated the expansion of cities and led to a notable increase in urban land surface temperature(LST).Currently,most studies mainly examine the effects of two-dimensional(2D)landscape patterns on LST variations,and research investigating the relationship between three-dimensional(3D)urban landscape patterns and LST remains relatively scarce.Therefore,this study utilizes partial correlation analysis and piecewise linear regression to systematically investigate the impacts of gray landscape indicators on LST variations under both 2D and 3D urban patterns,aiming to elucidate the complex relationship between 3D urban landscape patterns and LST dynamics.The results demonstrate that specific 3D building characteristics,particularly the area of low-rise buildings,building aggregation degree,shape complexity,and patch density of mid-rise buildings,serve as effective indicators of urban thermal environment risk.The analysis reveals that increased area-related indicators for low-rise buildings significantly exacerbate the LST rise,whereas modifications to the landscape shape of middle and high-rise buildings contribute to thermal mitigation.Additionally,when gray landscape aggregation exceeds 80%,the spatial concentration of mid-rise buildings exhibits a pronounced positive effect on moderating urban LST.These findings elucidate the mechanisms through which 3D landscape patterns influence urban thermal risks in Beijing,advancing the understanding of urban landscape-ecological processes interactions and providing crucial scientific support for landscape optimization and urban thermal environment risk mitigation strategies.
文摘Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and structural control scientifically. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems aim for sustainable development in terms of industry, ecology, resource utilization, and the livelihoods of producers. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems create a complex production structure system that integrates biology, society, and the economy through species combinations. Rubber trees and associated biological components coordinate with each other, mutually promote growth, and yield a variety of products for producers. Cultivation techniques and patterns of rubber agroforestry are essential components of these ecosystems. This study analyzes the production practices of rubber agroforestry complex cultivation, with a focus on the development and characteristics (complexity, systematicity, intensity, and hierarchy) of rubber agroforestry systems using a literature analysis and a survey approach. It explores the types and scales of complex planting, specifications and forms, and major effects of complex cultivation. This study identifies successful rubber agroforestry cultivation patterns and practical techniques, as well as the potential benefits of developing rubber agroforestry cultivation. It also points out the shortcomings in the development of complex planting, including an emphasis on production practices but insufficient theoretical research, a focus on production but inadequate attention to the market, and an emphasis on yield while overlooking the improvement of standards, brands, and added value. There are various complex patterns for young rubber plantations, but relatively fewer for mature plantations. Based on this analysis, this study suggests that future efforts should focus on in-depth research on interspecies and environmental interactions in rubber agroforestry ecosystems, clearly define key roles, accelerate the innovation of development patterns, and strengthen the foundation for development. It recommends promoting and demonstrating successful rubber agroforestry complex patterns and providing technical training, developing product branding for rubber agroforestry patterns, enhancing product value, expanding the application functions of rubber-forest mixed crop products, and establishing a stable and sustainable industry chain. This study provide practical experience and theoretical insights in rubber agroforestry complex systems from China the potential to enrich the knowledge of rubber agroforestry composite systems, provide practical experience to improve the operating income of smallholders, and even promote the sustainable development of rubber plantations.
文摘背景与目的非小细胞肺癌的免疫治疗药物pembrolizumab需要基于包括免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)在内的检测结果,即通过检测程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-L1)的表达等手段来预测治疗反应。评估肺腺癌细胞学标本免疫细胞化学(immunocytochemistry,ICC)方法检测PD-L1的可行性,并探讨PD-L1表达与临床病理及分子特征的相关性。方法收集60例肺腺癌胸水细胞学标本应用PD-L1 sp263试剂按照生产说明书进行免疫细胞化学染色,同时对胸水细胞学标本做高通量二代测序(next-generation sequencing,NGS),探讨PD-L1与驱动基因突变的相关性。结果60例肺腺癌胸水细胞块标本ICC检测中,有35例PD-L1表达阳性,阳性表达率为58.3%。本院57例组织学标本PD-L1 IHC表达的阳性率为33.3%,细胞学标本与组织学标本差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。60例细胞学标本中26例接受NGS检测,15例(57.7%)发现表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factorreceptor,EGFR)突变,经统计PD-L1表达与EGFR突变未发现相关性。PD-L1的阳性表达率与研究人群的年龄、性别、是否淋巴结或远处转移及是否进行放化疗或靶向治疗均未发现相关性(P>0.05)。结论在无手术标本可取时,胸水细胞学细胞块标本可以对PD-L1进行免疫细胞化学检测,其结果具有可行性。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(21761162016)Key R&D Planning Research Project of Liaoning Province(2107229008)Science and Technology Research Planning Project of Shenyang City(Z17-5-056)。
文摘The disordered macroporous-mesoporous La_(1-x)Ce_(x)CoO_(3)catalysts were prepared by complexcombustion method with ethylene glycol as complexing agent at relatively low calcination temperature.The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction,N_(2)adsorption-ndash;desorption,Xray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and soot temperature-programmed reduction,and so on.The results show that the use of complexing agent and relatively low calcination temperature increase the specific surface area of the catalyst and have abundant pore structure.The Ce ions introduced into lattice of LaCoO_(3)mainly exist in the form of tetravalent.At the same time,Ce ions enhance the redox performance of the catalyst and the mobility of active oxygen species,which enhances the catalytic activity of the catalyst for soot combustion.The results of activity test show that La0.9Ce0.1CoO3 catalyst exhibits the highest activity in the absence of NO and NO2,and its T10,T50 and T90 are 371,444,and 497℃,respectively.At the same time,a possible reaction mechanism is proposed in this study based on the turnover frequency(TOF)calculated by isothermal anaerobic titrations,XPS and XRD results.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.41991232 and 42171318)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN)worldwide is a significant target of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG15.3).Inner Mongolia,as a typical dryland region in northern China,has carried out several large-scale ecological restoration programs to combat land degradation.However,there is a lack of comprehensive assess-ment of its land degradation situation after ecological programs implementation,which is of great significance to supporting SDG15.3 in China.This study analyzed the land degradation situation using the improved SDG15.3.1 calculation framework based on fine resolution data in Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020,and finally compre-hensively evaluated the land status of the whole region and those subject to ecological programs.The results show that net land restoration proportion of various ecological project regions and whole region continues to increase.The scope of the Grain for Green Program(GGP)had the largest proportion of net land restoration while the Natural Reserve Program(NRP)had the lowest proportion from 2000 to 2020.The net land restoration area of Inner Mongolia during 2000-2010 and 2010-2020 was 35,800 km 2 and 65,300 km 2,respectively.Overall,Inner Mongolia has achieved statistically zero growth in land degradation under the governance of ecological restora-tion programs.Therefore,reasonable planning,well monitoring,and timely assessment of ecological restoration programs are crucial to support SDG15.3.
基金supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31271273,No.31300975)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No.20133156120004)the Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education (Shanghai University of Sport)
文摘Background:Though the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration are deeply understood,those involved in muscle contusion,one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine clinics,are not.The objective of this study is to explore the mechanisms involved in muscle regeneration after contusion injury.Methods:In this study,a total of 72 mice were used.Eight of them were randomly chosen for the control group,while the rest were subjected to muscle contusion.Subsequently,their gastrocnemius muscles were harvested at different time points.The changes in muscle morphology were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) stain.In addition,the gene expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:The data showed that the expression of many genes,i.e.,specific markers of immune cells and satellite cells,regulatory factors for muscle regeneration,cytokines,and chemokines,increased in the early stages of recovery,especially in the first 3 days.Furthermore,there were strict rules in the expression of these genes.However,almost all the genes returned to normal at 14 days post-injury.Conclusion:The sequence of immune cells invaded after muscle contusion was neutrophils,M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages.Some CC(CCL2,CCL3,and CCL4) and CXC(CXCL10) chemokines may be involved in the chemotaxis of these immune cells.HGF may be the primary factor to activate the satellite cells after muscle contusion.Moreover,2 weeks are needed to recover when acute contusion happens as used in this study.
文摘China has banned harvesting organs from executed prisoners since January 1st, 2015, making voluntary donation the only legitimate venue for organ transplant. It is a critical move to settle all the controversies about China＇s organ transplant process by making a loud and strong statement worldwide that the Chinese government respects human rights and is streamlining its organ transplant process to conform with internationally accepted standards on organ transplantation. This regulation removes one major obstacle of organ transplant in China; however, China still faces the other maior obstacle of critical organ shortage.
基金This work was supported by grants from Major Projects of National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant number.17ZDA059].
文摘Regional coordinated ecological development is a new form of regional coordinated development that aims to construct an ecological civilization in the“new normal”period.The coordinated ecological development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region is especially significant because this region is leading the overall coordinated development and reform in China.Based on complex system theory,synergetics,and the ecological civilization and green development ideas of the“new normal”period,we constructed a regional ecological synergy measurement model that scientifically evaluates the dynamic evolution of the BTH ecological synergy level from 2006 to 2018.Using an econometric model,we also analyzed the welfare effect and the regional heterogeneity of ecological synergy in regional development.First,it was found that in general,the degree of ecological synergy in BTH increased yearly up to 2018 with a strong development trend.The speed of ecological synergy in the Tianjin-Hebei and Beijing-Hebei subsystems was accelerating during that period,but the development potential of the ecological synergy in Beijing-Tianjin was insufficient and slow-growing.Second,whereas Beijing had entered the stage of moderate coordinated ecological development,Tianjin and Hebei remained in the low level of coordinated development;moreover,the coordinated development was unstable.The uneven development of the internal subsystems in BTH restricted the development of the cooperative effect and the overall development of the region.Third,improving the degree of ecological synergy significantly benefited the social and economic welfare in BTH.Finally,the welfare effect of the degree of ecological synergy showed a significant regional heterogeneity,being significantly higher in Tianjin and Hebei than in Beijing.This result indicates that improving the ecological synergy can narrow the development gaps between Tianjin,Hebei,and Beijing.To further improve the level of regional ecological synergy,we should innovate the coordinated model of regional development,implement the collaborative ecological development model,generate new growth drivers for the green development of BTH based on a reasonable division of labor,difference positioning,and active integration,create a soft environment for an innovation ecosystem that promotes regional ecological synergy,and build a regional innovation ecosystem led by Beijing and Xiongan.Next,we should establish a balanced regional-interest mechanism with ecological environmental protection that supports regional green and high-quality development.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21776139)the“Qing Lan Project”Young and Middle-aged Academic Leaders of Jiangsu Provincial Colleges and Universities,and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘A general,facile and eco-friendly iron catalysis enables oxidation of unstrained tertiary aromatic alcohols to ketones through C-C bond cleavage even with H_(2)O_(2) as the oxidant.Notably,this transformation can tolerate oxidation-labile functional groups.The robustness of this method is further demonstrated on the late-stage oxidation of complex bioactive molecules.
基金Supported by grants from the Innovation of Science and Technology Talents in Harbin(No.2017RAXQJ045)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Objective To verify the neurotypicality of AAV-PHP.eB after tail vein injection in adult mice and its efficiency in crossing the blood-brain barrier(BBB).Methods The rAAV-SYN-GFP plasmid was constructed, and adult C57 BL mice were injected with AAV PHP.eB: SYN-GFP in the tail vein(300 nL, virus titer 3 × 10~9 vg) and in the prefrontal lobe(50 L, virus tite5 × 10^(11) vg). The green fluorescent protein(GFP) signal in the brain was observed at two weeks, while the GFP signal in the peripheral organs was observed at four weeks. Results Two weeks after tail vein injection, GFP expression was observed throughout the brain especially in the cortex, hippocampus, and geniculate nucleus. No GFP signal was observed or detected by western blotting in the peripheral organs after four weeks. GFP signal was observed mainly at the loca site after prefrontal lobe injection.Conclusion AAV-PHP.eB: SYN-GFP can effectively cross the BBB in adult mice. Using a neuron-specific promoter allows exogenous gene expression in neurons; therefore, AAV-PHP.eB can be used as an effective carrier for studying diseases in the central nervous system(CNS).
文摘For the diagnosis of diseases,modern medicine usually searches for diseases in the disease database to find the type of disease that matches them.The diagnosis of diseases is the first step in treatment.Then the classification of diseases is the basis of disease diagnosis.Disease classification plays an extremely important role in the scientific management of medical records and the development of modern medicine,and is a bridge connecting modern medical science.Therefore,the classification of diseases is very necessary.Based on this,this article establishes a K-means model for disease diagnosis,and combines the internationally unified disease type code ICD statistics table to classify the sample data set into infectious and parasitic diseases,tumors,diabetes and circulatory diseases The training is perfect,and finally the diagnosis classification of the disease is realized.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2018 PD002).
文摘To evaluate the levels of heavy metal pollution and risks in consumption of aquatic products from a market in Binzhou,the contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr and Pb in the edible part of eight aquatic species such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The results show that the levels of the five elements differed among different species of aquatic products.The ability of bivalves to accumulate heavy metals was significantly higher than that of fish.Compared with relevant food hygiene standards,there was a certain excess of Cr in Ruditapes philippinarum and Penaeus vannamei.The results of human exposure risk assessment show that the THQ values of the heavy metals in the eight aquatic species were all less than 1,indicating that the consumption of these aquatic products had no potential non-carcinogenic risks.
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2403000)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2023263)Medical Key Subject of Xuhui District(SHXHZDXK202302).
文摘The increasing prevalence of acute traumatic injuries caused by traffic accidents,and natural disasters presents multifaceted challenges such as hemorrhages in irregular wounds and being susceptible to microbes.Herein,in situ point-of-care electrospun Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber bioactive dressings coordinated with tannic acid-based copper nanoparticles(CTZP)are prepared.CTZP exhibits rapid hemostasis performance in rat tail amputation model.And in vitro blood coagulation experiment verifies that CTZP can achieve blood coagulation within 1 min.It has been found that CTZP can activate platelet through the expression of TBXAS1 via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Furthermore,the in vitro tube forming assay present that CTZP has an angiogenetic promotion effect.The qPCR result reveals that Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone(ZP)substrate can realize angiogenesis promotion by elevating the production of VEGF.Moreover,the addition of tannic acid-based copper(Cu@TA)nanoparticles further enhances VEGF promotion effect and synergistically upregulates the expression of eNOS by PI3K-Akt signaling pathway which is the same as the pathway in platelet activation.In addition,the in vivo immunohis-tochemistry results confirm the upregulation of VEGF and CD31 which are angiogenesis-related proteins.Be-sides,Cu@TA nanoparticles endow CTZP dressings with potent antibacterial activity through hydroxyl radical generation via Fenton-like reaction and copper ion release.Eventually,in vivo experiment using an S.aureus-infected rat wound model confirms CTZP’s significant wound-healing efficacy.These findings advance the practical application of in situ electrospinning technology for acute trauma care,providing both theoretical and material insights for designing hemostatic,anti-infection,and angiogenetic wound dressings.
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(Nos.242102211110 and 252102211060)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hebei Province(No.SJMYF202312)。
文摘This paper addresses the urgent need to detect low,slow,and small(LSS)unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in complex and critical environments,proposing an active low-altitude target detection method based on the cat’s eye effect.The detection system incorporates a control module,a laser emission component,a co-optical path panoramic scanning optical mechanism structure,an echo reception component,target detection,and visualization processing to achieve small target detection.The light source is emitted by a near-infrared laser,and the scanning optical path is realized using micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)mirrors and servo mechanisms.The echo reception signal is received by an avalanche photodiode(APD)and the target detection module,which captures the reflected signal and distance information.The detection software integrates the local pyramid attention(LPA)module and the field pyramid network(FPN)through the UAV micro lens identification algorithm.It eliminates false alarms by incorporating SKNet21 and uses the APD to collect echo intensity and flight time,thereby reducing the false alarm rate.The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed target detection method,which achieves a mean average precision of 0.809 at an intersection over union(IoU)of 0.50,a mean average precision of 0.324 at an IoU of 0.50–0.95,and a throughput of 49.8 Giga floating-point operations per second(GFLOPs),indicating that it can address the current limitations in LSS target detection.
