Since the discovery of carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)two decades ago,this emerging family of carbonbased nanomaterials has rapidly risen to prominence.CPDs have found widespread applications in sensing,catalysis,energy...Since the discovery of carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)two decades ago,this emerging family of carbonbased nanomaterials has rapidly risen to prominence.CPDs have found widespread applications in sensing,catalysis,energy,and biomedicine due to their flexible precursors and synthesis methods,tunable photoluminescence(PL)properties,and excellent biocompatibility.This report presents the advancements made in the realm of CPD precursors,elucidates their luminescence properties and underlying mechanisms,and explores the diverse applications of CPD-based materials.It comprehensively addresses key issues by delving into several interconnected chapters:Initially exploring the intriguing fluorescence and afterglow properties exhibited by CPDs,subsequently unraveling the complex luminescence mechanisms that underlie these phenomena,emphasizing the crucial aspect of controllable synthesis of CPDs,and ultimately culminating in the precise construction of composite materials tailored for applications in laser and electroluminescent devices.Furthermore,this report aims to provide communication and assistance for the controlled synthesis and expanded applications of CPDs.展开更多
The application of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials in biological imaging holds multiple significances,including improving detection sensitivity and specificity,optimizing the imaging process,expanding the s...The application of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials in biological imaging holds multiple significances,including improving detection sensitivity and specificity,optimizing the imaging process,expanding the scope of application,and promoting advancements in biomedical research.In this work,the propeller ligand was constructed through McMurry coupling reaction and Suzuki coupling reaction by using dimethoxybenzophenone as the starting material.Then,an imine condensation reaction was carried out in chloroform solution,using a 3:2 molar ratio of precursor to tri(2-aminoethyl)amine to synthesize C3 symmetric porous organic cage CB.The structures of the compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR),electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The optical investigation results reveal that ligand L-B and the porous organic cage C_(B) demonstrate remarkable aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixed solvent system,along with a pronounced response to tetrahydrofuran vapor stimuli.Consequently,Furthermore,given its unique cage-like structure,high quantum yield,and outstanding AIE behavior,the porous organic cage C_(B) holds promise for applications in cell imaging.展开更多
Three discrete tetrahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed using truxenepended base ligands.Owing to the synergistic rigidifying effect of unsymmetric cyano-substituted oligo(pphenylene-viny...Three discrete tetrahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed using truxenepended base ligands.Owing to the synergistic rigidifying effect of unsymmetric cyano-substituted oligo(pphenylene-vinylene)(u-COPV)suspended by the truxene skeleton,the resulting supramolecular cages were confirmed to exhibit significant aggregation-induced emission(AIE)accompanied by an interesting solvatochromic fluorescent behavior as well as a porous honeycomb-like state during aggregation.In particular,the anti-counterfeiting performance and emission behaviors of the cages in the solid state under external hydrostatic pressure were investigated.展开更多
A facile and sustainable approach for the amination of benzothiazoles with KSe CN using iodine as the catalyst in water has been disclosed under transition-metal free conditions. The reaction proceeded smoothly to aff...A facile and sustainable approach for the amination of benzothiazoles with KSe CN using iodine as the catalyst in water has been disclosed under transition-metal free conditions. The reaction proceeded smoothly to afford various primary 2-amino benzothiazoles in up to 96% yield. A series of control experiments were performed, suggesting a ring-opening mechanism was involved via a radical process. This protocol provides efficient synthesis of primary 2-aminobenzothiazoles.展开更多
Laterally-coupled ridge-waveguide distributed feedback lasers fabricated without epitaxial regrowth steps have the advantages of process simplification and low cost.We present a laterally coupled grating with slots.Th...Laterally-coupled ridge-waveguide distributed feedback lasers fabricated without epitaxial regrowth steps have the advantages of process simplification and low cost.We present a laterally coupled grating with slots.The slots etched between the ridge and grating area are designed to suppress the lateral diffusion of carriers and to reduce the influence of the aspect-ratio-dependent-etching effect on the grating morphology in the etching process.Moreover,the grating height in this structure can be decreased to lower the aspect ratio significantly,which is advantageous over the conventional laterally coupled ridge waveguide gratings.The effects of five main structural parameters on the coupling characteristics of gratings are studied by MODE Solutions.It is found that varying the lateral width of the grating can be used as an effective way to tune the coupling strength;narrow slots(100 nm and 300 nm)and wide ridge(2μm–4μm)promote the stability of grating coupling coefficient and device performance.It is important to note that the grating bottom should be fabricated precisely.The comparative study of carrier distribution and mode field distribution shows that the introduction of narrow slots can strengthen the competitive advantage and stability of the fundamental mode.展开更多
Reverse saturable absorption is essential for the realization of dissipative solitons.In this paper,we introduce reverse saturable absorption by using nonlinear multimode interference(NL-MMI),for the first time,to the...Reverse saturable absorption is essential for the realization of dissipative solitons.In this paper,we introduce reverse saturable absorption by using nonlinear multimode interference(NL-MMI),for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,and obtain a stable dissipative soliton operation.By adjusting the coupling efficiency from multimode fiber to single mode fiber,the absorption properties of NL-MMI can be switched between saturation and reverse saturation.The dissipative soliton can be obtained with pulse width of 975 fs in the experiment,the 3-dB bandwidth at 1555 nm is 16 nm,and the maximum output power is 11.48 m W.The nonlinear absorption optical modulation and high damage threshold characteristics of the NL-MMI based ultrafast optical switch provide a new idea for realizing dissipative solitons.展开更多
In the fields of biomedicine,detection,and anti-counterfeiting,there is a widespread demand for cost-effective,easily synthesized,and environmentally friendly near-infrared(NIR)materials.Carbon dots(CDs),a cheap and n...In the fields of biomedicine,detection,and anti-counterfeiting,there is a widespread demand for cost-effective,easily synthesized,and environmentally friendly near-infrared(NIR)materials.Carbon dots(CDs),a cheap and non-toxic zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial exhibiting exceptional photoluminescence(PL)properties and facile structural modification,have emerged as a promising candidate for the development of novel NIR materials.This study presents the synthesis of CDs capable of emitting a wide range of wavelengths from blue to NIR(456-836 nm)as their concentrations increase.The incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen co-doped atoms facilitates the optimization of non-coplanar angles,thereby promoting favorableπ-πstacking interactions.This leads to the formation of metal-free rigid clusters through interconnecting adjacent nanoparticles in a gear-like meshing pattern through self-assembly.Consequently,intramolecular motion is constrained,vibration coupling is mitigated,non-radiative transition losses are minimized,and efficient NIR emission from CD clusters in high concentrations is ensured.Furthermore,NIR light-emitting diode(NIR LED)based on the CD clusters was successfully fabricated and employed for various applications including information encryption,anti-counterfeiting,and penetration detection in the field of NIR imaging.展开更多
The field of drug discovery and development has witnessed remarkable achievements over the past few decades.1 The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing drug discovery by reducing costs and enhancing ...The field of drug discovery and development has witnessed remarkable achievements over the past few decades.1 The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing drug discovery by reducing costs and enhancing efficiency.2,3 Nevertheless,drug discovery remains a challenging process with high failure rates,which makes these innovations critical for success.“Drug Discovery Stories(Volume 2),”edited together by Prof.Bin Yu from Zhengzhou University and Prof.Peng Zhan from Shandong University,provides a comprehensive collection of key breakthroughs in contemporary drug discovery(47 chapters).4 Following the publication of volume 1 in 2023,5 volume 2 mainly includes four fundamental aspects(Figure 1):(1)key figures who have shaped the pharmaceutical industry,(2)the critical roles of early development in successful drug discovery,(3)cutting-edge technologies,and(4)blockbuster drugs approved and selected candidates at the clinical stage.By exploring these themes,this volume aims to commemorate key individuals and highlight recent advances in drug discovery.展开更多
Two discrete octahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed by using truxene-based pyridine L with enPd(NO_(3))_(2)or enPt(NO_(3))_(2),followed by detailed NMR,MS,UV absorption,and fluorescence ...Two discrete octahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed by using truxene-based pyridine L with enPd(NO_(3))_(2)or enPt(NO_(3))_(2),followed by detailed NMR,MS,UV absorption,and fluorescence spectroscopy.Owing to the determined cavity size and excellent optical performance of cages,the resulting supramolecular cages were confirmed to be the light-harvesting system based on Foster resonance energy-transfer(FRET).The developed cages display good water solubilities and can act as nanoreactors and light-harvesting systems to catalyze the difluoromethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with sodium difluoromethanesulfinate under the irradiation of sunlight.Compared with eosin Y alone,this system displayed enhanced catalytic activity in catalyzing the difluoromethylation,which realizes the simulation of the photosynthesis process.展开更多
Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-l...Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions.In this review,we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1H)-ones,including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–R_(F)/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds,as well as the related reaction mechanisms.We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones at the C-3 position,which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.展开更多
Nitrogen-containing structures represent a significant branch exhibiting remarkable biological activity,surpassing non-nitrogen architectures.Given the vast array of nitrogen-containing compounds and their crucial rol...Nitrogen-containing structures represent a significant branch exhibiting remarkable biological activity,surpassing non-nitrogen architectures.Given the vast array of nitrogen-containing compounds and their crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry,chemists have been motivated to devise efficient,cost-effective,and practical methods for C-N bond formation.Significant advancements have been achieved in this cutting-edge field over the past few decades.This review aims to encapsulate the latest progress in C-N bond formation via the photocatalytic C-H amination process.Initially,we provide a comprehensive introduction to C-H amination transformations.Subsequently,we categorize these photochemical conversions into two parts:intramolecular and intermolecular C-H amination.To elucidate the underlying principles of specific illustrative examples,we have carefully chosen and elaborated on the reaction mechanisms,representative experimental outcomes,and applications.展开更多
The understanding of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFK-2/FBPase 3,PFKFB3)has advanced considerably since its initial identification in human macrophages in the mid-1990s.As a vital regulator of...The understanding of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFK-2/FBPase 3,PFKFB3)has advanced considerably since its initial identification in human macrophages in the mid-1990s.As a vital regulator of glycolysis,accumulating studies have suggested that PFKFB3 is associated with many aspects of cancer,including carcinogenesis,cancer cell proliferation,vessel aggressiveness,drug resistance and tumor microenvironment.In this review,we summarize current knowledge of PFKFB3 regulation by several signal pathways and its function in cancer development in different cell types in cancer tissues.Ubiquitous PFKFB3 has emerged as a potential target for anti-neoplastic therapy.展开更多
Drug resistance,accounting for therapeutic failure in the clinic,remains a major challenge to effectively manage cancer.Cyclosporin A(CsA)can reverse multidrug resistance(MDR),especially resistance to epidermal growth...Drug resistance,accounting for therapeutic failure in the clinic,remains a major challenge to effectively manage cancer.Cyclosporin A(CsA)can reverse multidrug resistance(MDR),especially resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.However,the application of both drugs in cancer therapies is hampered by their poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability due to oral administration.CsA augments the potency of gefitinib(Gef)in both Gef-sensitive and Gef-resistant cell lines.Here,we show that the simultaneous encapsulation of CsA and Gef within polyethylene glycol-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid)(PEG-PLA)produced a stable and systemically injectable nanomedicine,which exhibited a sub-50-nm diameter and spherical structures.Impressively,the co-delivery of therapeutics via single nanoparticles(NPs)outperformed the oral administration of the free drug combination at suppressing tumor growth.Furthermore,in vivo results indicated that CsA formulated in NPs sensitized Gef-resistant cells and Gefresistant tumors to Gef treatment by inactivating the STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.Collectively,our nanomedicine approach not only provides an alternative administration route for the drugs of choice but also effectively reverses MDR,facilitating the development of effective therapeutic modalities for cancer.展开更多
As the functional carbon dots (CDs) structures have greatly devoted to the applications of well-established materials based on its highly predictable and directional properties, there is still much room for further en...As the functional carbon dots (CDs) structures have greatly devoted to the applications of well-established materials based on its highly predictable and directional properties, there is still much room for further enhancement and improvement due to the current limitations, such as well-defined, functionalized CDs synthesis via stepwise skeleton growth strategies under atomically precise level. In addition, revealing the internal structure of carbon dots and their structure–activity relationship is also the kernel linkage of connecting organic and inorganic disciplines.展开更多
We propose a domain decomposition method based on the spectral element method(DDM-SEM)for elastic wave computation in frequency domain.It combines the high accuracy of the spectral element method and the high degree o...We propose a domain decomposition method based on the spectral element method(DDM-SEM)for elastic wave computation in frequency domain.It combines the high accuracy of the spectral element method and the high degree of parallelism of a domain decomposition technique,which makes this method suitable for accurate and efficient simulations of large scale problems in elastodynamics.In the DDM-SEM,the original large-scale problem is divided into a number of well designed subdomains.We use the spectral element method independently for each subdomain,and the neighboring subdomains are connected by a frequency-domain version of Riemann transmission condition(RTC)for elastic waves.For the proposed method,we can employ the non-conforming meshes and different interpolation orders in different subdomains to maximize the efficiency.By separating the internal and boundary unknowns of each subdomain,an efficient and naturally parallelizable block LDU direct solver is developed to solve the final system matrix.Numerical experiments verify its accuracy and efficiency,and show that the proposed DDM-SEM can be a promising numerical tool for accurately and effectively solving large and multi-scale problems of elastic waves.It is potentially valuable for the frequency domain seismic inversion where multiple source illuminations are required.展开更多
Visible-light induced direct C–H difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with 2-((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)benzo[d]thiazole has been developed for the first time.A broad range of quinoxalinones were well tolerated and r...Visible-light induced direct C–H difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with 2-((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)benzo[d]thiazole has been developed for the first time.A broad range of quinoxalinones were well tolerated and reacted with difluorosulfone smoothly to give the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.Notably,no external photocatalyst or oxidant was required,which provides a practical and green protocol to access difluoromethylated quinoxalinones.Finally,the control experiments demonstrated a radical mechanism,and the density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated the radicals were generated through the formation of an electron donoracceptor(EDA)complex.展开更多
Hypoxia,a common environmental condition,can affect cell survival and physiological function by triggering oxidative stress.Akt/FoxO pathway has been proven to play a non-negligible role in the regulation of autophagy...Hypoxia,a common environmental condition,can affect cell survival and physiological function by triggering oxidative stress.Akt/FoxO pathway has been proven to play a non-negligible role in the regulation of autophagy.However,the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in hypoxia-induced autophagy is unclear in fish.Therefore,in this study,grass carp hepatocyte cells(L8824)were treated by CoCl2 to simulate hypoxia,and the results showed that CoCl2 can increase the expression of Hif-1αprotein at different concentrations or different treatment time.Further study found that hypoxia increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and the expression of autophagy-related genes(LC3-II,pink1,beclin-1 and p62)and foxO1a/1b.The mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm)was also depolarized,and autophagosomes were intriguingly detected by transmission electron microscope(TEM)after the treatment of hypoxia.Moreover,hypoxia inhibited Akt phosphorylation,while PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor,LY294002 significantly up-regulated the expression of foxO1a/1b and autophagy-related genes.Additionally,silencing foxo1b also resulted in down-regulation of autophagy-related genes.It was demonstrated that hypoxia induced autophagy via Akt/FoxO1 pathway.These results will provide a new light on further understanding the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in the response to hypoxia in fish.展开更多
Bradysia cellarum Frey (Diptera: Sciaridae) is an important subterranean pestand is especially damaging to Chinese chive. An effective and moreenvironmentally safe method than pesticides is needed for its control. The...Bradysia cellarum Frey (Diptera: Sciaridae) is an important subterranean pestand is especially damaging to Chinese chive. An effective and moreenvironmentally safe method than pesticides is needed for its control. Theefficacy of B. cellarum control, growth of Chinese chive and soil microbialdiversity were investigated after uae of soil solarization to exterminate thisinsect pest. The results show that on the first day after soil solarization 100%control of B. cellarum was achieved. Growth of Chinese chive was lower insolarized plots than in control plots over the first 10 days after treatment. Chivegrowth in solarized plots increased subsequently to match that in the controlplots. Moreover, the soil microbial community diversity in the treatment groupdecreased initially before gradually recovering. In addition, the abundance ofbeneficial microorganisms in the genus Bacillus and the phyla Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Firmicutes increased significantly. Soil solarization is thereforepractical and worthy of promotion in Chinese chive-growing regions.展开更多
The layered two-dimensional material tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2))has triggered tremendous interests in the field of optoelectronic devices due to its exceptional carrier transport property.Nevertheless,the limited abs...The layered two-dimensional material tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2))has triggered tremendous interests in the field of optoelectronic devices due to its exceptional carrier transport property.Nevertheless,the limited absorption of WSe_(2) in the near infrared(NIR)band poses a challenge for the application of WSe_(2) photodetectors in night vision,telecommunication,etc.Herein,the enhanced performance of the WSe_(2) photodetector is demonstrated through the incorporation of titanium nitride nanoparticles(TiN NPs),complemented by an atomically-thick Al_(2)O_(3) layer that aids in suppressing the dark current.It is demonstrated that TiN NPs can dramatically enhance the absorption of light in the proposed WSe_(2) photodetector in the NIR regime.This enhancement boosts photocurrent responses through the generation of plasmonic hot electrons,leading to external quantum efficiency(EQE)enhancement factors of 379.66%at 850 nm and 178.47%at 1550 nm.This work presents,for the first time,to our knowledge,that the WSe_(2) photodetector is capable of detecting broadband light spanning from ultraviolet to the telecommunication range,all achieved without the reliance on additional semiconductor materials.This achievement opens avenues for the advancement of cost-effective NIR photodetectors.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52203244,22101267)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.222102310683)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2021M692905,2024T170832)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Nos.242300421068,242300421123)。
文摘Since the discovery of carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)two decades ago,this emerging family of carbonbased nanomaterials has rapidly risen to prominence.CPDs have found widespread applications in sensing,catalysis,energy,and biomedicine due to their flexible precursors and synthesis methods,tunable photoluminescence(PL)properties,and excellent biocompatibility.This report presents the advancements made in the realm of CPD precursors,elucidates their luminescence properties and underlying mechanisms,and explores the diverse applications of CPD-based materials.It comprehensively addresses key issues by delving into several interconnected chapters:Initially exploring the intriguing fluorescence and afterglow properties exhibited by CPDs,subsequently unraveling the complex luminescence mechanisms that underlie these phenomena,emphasizing the crucial aspect of controllable synthesis of CPDs,and ultimately culminating in the precise construction of composite materials tailored for applications in laser and electroluminescent devices.Furthermore,this report aims to provide communication and assistance for the controlled synthesis and expanded applications of CPDs.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101267 and 82103686)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(202300410477 and 24230042123)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2021M692905 and 2024T170832).
文摘The application of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)materials in biological imaging holds multiple significances,including improving detection sensitivity and specificity,optimizing the imaging process,expanding the scope of application,and promoting advancements in biomedical research.In this work,the propeller ligand was constructed through McMurry coupling reaction and Suzuki coupling reaction by using dimethoxybenzophenone as the starting material.Then,an imine condensation reaction was carried out in chloroform solution,using a 3:2 molar ratio of precursor to tri(2-aminoethyl)amine to synthesize C3 symmetric porous organic cage CB.The structures of the compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR),electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The optical investigation results reveal that ligand L-B and the porous organic cage C_(B) demonstrate remarkable aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixed solvent system,along with a pronounced response to tetrahydrofuran vapor stimuli.Consequently,Furthermore,given its unique cage-like structure,high quantum yield,and outstanding AIE behavior,the porous organic cage C_(B) holds promise for applications in cell imaging.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101267,21672192,21803059,U2004191,U1904212,21801063)for financial support。
文摘Three discrete tetrahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed using truxenepended base ligands.Owing to the synergistic rigidifying effect of unsymmetric cyano-substituted oligo(pphenylene-vinylene)(u-COPV)suspended by the truxene skeleton,the resulting supramolecular cages were confirmed to exhibit significant aggregation-induced emission(AIE)accompanied by an interesting solvatochromic fluorescent behavior as well as a porous honeycomb-like state during aggregation.In particular,the anti-counterfeiting performance and emission behaviors of the cages in the solid state under external hydrostatic pressure were investigated.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21672192, 21803059, and U1904212)。
文摘A facile and sustainable approach for the amination of benzothiazoles with KSe CN using iodine as the catalyst in water has been disclosed under transition-metal free conditions. The reaction proceeded smoothly to afford various primary 2-amino benzothiazoles in up to 96% yield. A series of control experiments were performed, suggesting a ring-opening mechanism was involved via a radical process. This protocol provides efficient synthesis of primary 2-aminobenzothiazoles.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61804013,61804014,and 61805023)Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province,China(Grant Nos.20190302052GX and 20210201030GX)。
文摘Laterally-coupled ridge-waveguide distributed feedback lasers fabricated without epitaxial regrowth steps have the advantages of process simplification and low cost.We present a laterally coupled grating with slots.The slots etched between the ridge and grating area are designed to suppress the lateral diffusion of carriers and to reduce the influence of the aspect-ratio-dependent-etching effect on the grating morphology in the etching process.Moreover,the grating height in this structure can be decreased to lower the aspect ratio significantly,which is advantageous over the conventional laterally coupled ridge waveguide gratings.The effects of five main structural parameters on the coupling characteristics of gratings are studied by MODE Solutions.It is found that varying the lateral width of the grating can be used as an effective way to tune the coupling strength;narrow slots(100 nm and 300 nm)and wide ridge(2μm–4μm)promote the stability of grating coupling coefficient and device performance.It is important to note that the grating bottom should be fabricated precisely.The comparative study of carrier distribution and mode field distribution shows that the introduction of narrow slots can strengthen the competitive advantage and stability of the fundamental mode.
文摘Reverse saturable absorption is essential for the realization of dissipative solitons.In this paper,we introduce reverse saturable absorption by using nonlinear multimode interference(NL-MMI),for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,and obtain a stable dissipative soliton operation.By adjusting the coupling efficiency from multimode fiber to single mode fiber,the absorption properties of NL-MMI can be switched between saturation and reverse saturation.The dissipative soliton can be obtained with pulse width of 975 fs in the experiment,the 3-dB bandwidth at 1555 nm is 16 nm,and the maximum output power is 11.48 m W.The nonlinear absorption optical modulation and high damage threshold characteristics of the NL-MMI based ultrafast optical switch provide a new idea for realizing dissipative solitons.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122308,21905253,51973200,52203244)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421068)。
文摘In the fields of biomedicine,detection,and anti-counterfeiting,there is a widespread demand for cost-effective,easily synthesized,and environmentally friendly near-infrared(NIR)materials.Carbon dots(CDs),a cheap and non-toxic zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial exhibiting exceptional photoluminescence(PL)properties and facile structural modification,have emerged as a promising candidate for the development of novel NIR materials.This study presents the synthesis of CDs capable of emitting a wide range of wavelengths from blue to NIR(456-836 nm)as their concentrations increase.The incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen co-doped atoms facilitates the optimization of non-coplanar angles,thereby promoting favorableπ-πstacking interactions.This leads to the formation of metal-free rigid clusters through interconnecting adjacent nanoparticles in a gear-like meshing pattern through self-assembly.Consequently,intramolecular motion is constrained,vibration coupling is mitigated,non-radiative transition losses are minimized,and efficient NIR emission from CD clusters in high concentrations is ensured.Furthermore,NIR light-emitting diode(NIR LED)based on the CD clusters was successfully fabricated and employed for various applications including information encryption,anti-counterfeiting,and penetration detection in the field of NIR imaging.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(nos.242301420005 and 252300421243)the Key Research Project for Basic Research in Henan Province Universities(no.25ZX001).
文摘The field of drug discovery and development has witnessed remarkable achievements over the past few decades.1 The advent of artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing drug discovery by reducing costs and enhancing efficiency.2,3 Nevertheless,drug discovery remains a challenging process with high failure rates,which makes these innovations critical for success.“Drug Discovery Stories(Volume 2),”edited together by Prof.Bin Yu from Zhengzhou University and Prof.Peng Zhan from Shandong University,provides a comprehensive collection of key breakthroughs in contemporary drug discovery(47 chapters).4 Following the publication of volume 1 in 2023,5 volume 2 mainly includes four fundamental aspects(Figure 1):(1)key figures who have shaped the pharmaceutical industry,(2)the critical roles of early development in successful drug discovery,(3)cutting-edge technologies,and(4)blockbuster drugs approved and selected candidates at the clinical stage.By exploring these themes,this volume aims to commemorate key individuals and highlight recent advances in drug discovery.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101267,21672192,21803059,U2004191,U1904212 and 21801063)for financial support.
文摘Two discrete octahedral metallo-supramolecular cages were designed and constructed by using truxene-based pyridine L with enPd(NO_(3))_(2)or enPt(NO_(3))_(2),followed by detailed NMR,MS,UV absorption,and fluorescence spectroscopy.Owing to the determined cavity size and excellent optical performance of cages,the resulting supramolecular cages were confirmed to be the light-harvesting system based on Foster resonance energy-transfer(FRET).The developed cages display good water solubilities and can act as nanoreactors and light-harvesting systems to catalyze the difluoromethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with sodium difluoromethanesulfinate under the irradiation of sunlight.Compared with eosin Y alone,this system displayed enhanced catalytic activity in catalyzing the difluoromethylation,which realizes the simulation of the photosynthesis process.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22101267)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2021M692905 and 2024T170832)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.242300421123)Scientific Research Project of Hubei Provincial Education Department,China(No.Q20233104)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2024AFB946).
文摘Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical,pharmaceutical,and chemical industries as well as in material science.During the last decades,visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions.In this review,we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1H)-ones,including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–R_(F)/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds,as well as the related reaction mechanisms.We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones at the C-3 position,which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82103686 and 22101267)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M692905 and 2024T170832)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421123).
文摘Nitrogen-containing structures represent a significant branch exhibiting remarkable biological activity,surpassing non-nitrogen architectures.Given the vast array of nitrogen-containing compounds and their crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry,chemists have been motivated to devise efficient,cost-effective,and practical methods for C-N bond formation.Significant advancements have been achieved in this cutting-edge field over the past few decades.This review aims to encapsulate the latest progress in C-N bond formation via the photocatalytic C-H amination process.Initially,we provide a comprehensive introduction to C-H amination transformations.Subsequently,we categorize these photochemical conversions into two parts:intramolecular and intermolecular C-H amination.To elucidate the underlying principles of specific illustrative examples,we have carefully chosen and elaborated on the reaction mechanisms,representative experimental outcomes,and applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20496,61922060,62205235,62204157,61805172,12104334,62174117,and 61905173)the Graduate Innovation Project of Shanxi Province (2020BY117)+9 种基金the Key Research and Development (International Cooperation)Program of Shanxi Province (201803D421044)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (20210302123154 and 20210302123169)Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (2021-033)Research Project Supported by Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering (2021SX-FR008 and 2022SX-TD020)Introduction of Talents Special Project of Lvliang City (Rc2020206,Rc2020207)Transformation Cultivation Project of University Scientific and Technological Achievements of Shanxi Province (2020CG013)the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province (202102150101007)the support from the Research Grants Council,University Grants Committee,Hong Kong,General Research Fund (12303920)SZ-HK-Macao Science and Technology Plan Project (SGDX2020110309540000)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund (2022A1515010020)。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81372621,81572361,81502398 and 81602635)the Zhejiang Province Preeminence Youth Fund(LR16H160001)the Zhejiang Natural Sciences Foundation Grant(Q16H160019).
文摘The understanding of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFK-2/FBPase 3,PFKFB3)has advanced considerably since its initial identification in human macrophages in the mid-1990s.As a vital regulator of glycolysis,accumulating studies have suggested that PFKFB3 is associated with many aspects of cancer,including carcinogenesis,cancer cell proliferation,vessel aggressiveness,drug resistance and tumor microenvironment.In this review,we summarize current knowledge of PFKFB3 regulation by several signal pathways and its function in cancer development in different cell types in cancer tissues.Ubiquitous PFKFB3 has emerged as a potential target for anti-neoplastic therapy.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.81773193,81571799,81572361,and 81372621)the Zhejiang Province Preeminence Youth Fund(no.LR16H160001)the Zhejiang Medical Innovative Discipline Construction Project-2016.
文摘Drug resistance,accounting for therapeutic failure in the clinic,remains a major challenge to effectively manage cancer.Cyclosporin A(CsA)can reverse multidrug resistance(MDR),especially resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.However,the application of both drugs in cancer therapies is hampered by their poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability due to oral administration.CsA augments the potency of gefitinib(Gef)in both Gef-sensitive and Gef-resistant cell lines.Here,we show that the simultaneous encapsulation of CsA and Gef within polyethylene glycol-block-poly(D,L-lactic acid)(PEG-PLA)produced a stable and systemically injectable nanomedicine,which exhibited a sub-50-nm diameter and spherical structures.Impressively,the co-delivery of therapeutics via single nanoparticles(NPs)outperformed the oral administration of the free drug combination at suppressing tumor growth.Furthermore,in vivo results indicated that CsA formulated in NPs sensitized Gef-resistant cells and Gefresistant tumors to Gef treatment by inactivating the STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.Collectively,our nanomedicine approach not only provides an alternative administration route for the drugs of choice but also effectively reverses MDR,facilitating the development of effective therapeutic modalities for cancer.
基金supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52122308, 21905253, 51973200, 52103239 and 22101267)。
文摘As the functional carbon dots (CDs) structures have greatly devoted to the applications of well-established materials based on its highly predictable and directional properties, there is still much room for further enhancement and improvement due to the current limitations, such as well-defined, functionalized CDs synthesis via stepwise skeleton growth strategies under atomically precise level. In addition, revealing the internal structure of carbon dots and their structure–activity relationship is also the kernel linkage of connecting organic and inorganic disciplines.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41390453,62001408)the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2018YFC0603503)the Special Program for Applied Research on Super Computation of the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund(Grant No.U1501501)。
文摘We propose a domain decomposition method based on the spectral element method(DDM-SEM)for elastic wave computation in frequency domain.It combines the high accuracy of the spectral element method and the high degree of parallelism of a domain decomposition technique,which makes this method suitable for accurate and efficient simulations of large scale problems in elastodynamics.In the DDM-SEM,the original large-scale problem is divided into a number of well designed subdomains.We use the spectral element method independently for each subdomain,and the neighboring subdomains are connected by a frequency-domain version of Riemann transmission condition(RTC)for elastic waves.For the proposed method,we can employ the non-conforming meshes and different interpolation orders in different subdomains to maximize the efficiency.By separating the internal and boundary unknowns of each subdomain,an efficient and naturally parallelizable block LDU direct solver is developed to solve the final system matrix.Numerical experiments verify its accuracy and efficiency,and show that the proposed DDM-SEM can be a promising numerical tool for accurately and effectively solving large and multi-scale problems of elastic waves.It is potentially valuable for the frequency domain seismic inversion where multiple source illuminations are required.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101267,U1904212,U2004191 and 21803059)is gratefully appreciated.
文摘Visible-light induced direct C–H difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with 2-((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)benzo[d]thiazole has been developed for the first time.A broad range of quinoxalinones were well tolerated and reacted with difluorosulfone smoothly to give the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.Notably,no external photocatalyst or oxidant was required,which provides a practical and green protocol to access difluoromethylated quinoxalinones.Finally,the control experiments demonstrated a radical mechanism,and the density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated the radicals were generated through the formation of an electron donoracceptor(EDA)complex.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (31872542,32072965)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662022SCYJ005)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (No.CARS-45-01).
文摘Hypoxia,a common environmental condition,can affect cell survival and physiological function by triggering oxidative stress.Akt/FoxO pathway has been proven to play a non-negligible role in the regulation of autophagy.However,the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in hypoxia-induced autophagy is unclear in fish.Therefore,in this study,grass carp hepatocyte cells(L8824)were treated by CoCl2 to simulate hypoxia,and the results showed that CoCl2 can increase the expression of Hif-1αprotein at different concentrations or different treatment time.Further study found that hypoxia increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and the expression of autophagy-related genes(LC3-II,pink1,beclin-1 and p62)and foxO1a/1b.The mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm)was also depolarized,and autophagosomes were intriguingly detected by transmission electron microscope(TEM)after the treatment of hypoxia.Moreover,hypoxia inhibited Akt phosphorylation,while PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor,LY294002 significantly up-regulated the expression of foxO1a/1b and autophagy-related genes.Additionally,silencing foxo1b also resulted in down-regulation of autophagy-related genes.It was demonstrated that hypoxia induced autophagy via Akt/FoxO1 pathway.These results will provide a new light on further understanding the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in the response to hypoxia in fish.
基金This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772170)the Project of the Education Department in Hubei Province(B2020038)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jingzhou City(2020CB21-30)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-24-C-02)the Beijing Key Laboratory for Pest Control and Sustainable Cultivation of Vegetablesthe Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(AAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS).
文摘Bradysia cellarum Frey (Diptera: Sciaridae) is an important subterranean pestand is especially damaging to Chinese chive. An effective and moreenvironmentally safe method than pesticides is needed for its control. Theefficacy of B. cellarum control, growth of Chinese chive and soil microbialdiversity were investigated after uae of soil solarization to exterminate thisinsect pest. The results show that on the first day after soil solarization 100%control of B. cellarum was achieved. Growth of Chinese chive was lower insolarized plots than in control plots over the first 10 days after treatment. Chivegrowth in solarized plots increased subsequently to match that in the controlplots. Moreover, the soil microbial community diversity in the treatment groupdecreased initially before gradually recovering. In addition, the abundance ofbeneficial microorganisms in the genus Bacillus and the phyla Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Firmicutes increased significantly. Soil solarization is thereforepractical and worthy of promotion in Chinese chive-growing regions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62205235,U21A20496,62204157,62174117)Introduction of Talents Special Project of Lvliang City(Rc2020206,Rc2020207)+4 种基金Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-033)Research Program Supported by Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(2021SX-FR008,2022SX-TD020)Central Government Guides Local Funds for Scientific and Technological Development(YDZJSX2021A012,YDZJSX20231A010)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302123154)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202102150101007)。
文摘The layered two-dimensional material tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2))has triggered tremendous interests in the field of optoelectronic devices due to its exceptional carrier transport property.Nevertheless,the limited absorption of WSe_(2) in the near infrared(NIR)band poses a challenge for the application of WSe_(2) photodetectors in night vision,telecommunication,etc.Herein,the enhanced performance of the WSe_(2) photodetector is demonstrated through the incorporation of titanium nitride nanoparticles(TiN NPs),complemented by an atomically-thick Al_(2)O_(3) layer that aids in suppressing the dark current.It is demonstrated that TiN NPs can dramatically enhance the absorption of light in the proposed WSe_(2) photodetector in the NIR regime.This enhancement boosts photocurrent responses through the generation of plasmonic hot electrons,leading to external quantum efficiency(EQE)enhancement factors of 379.66%at 850 nm and 178.47%at 1550 nm.This work presents,for the first time,to our knowledge,that the WSe_(2) photodetector is capable of detecting broadband light spanning from ultraviolet to the telecommunication range,all achieved without the reliance on additional semiconductor materials.This achievement opens avenues for the advancement of cost-effective NIR photodetectors.
