Evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) are widely distributed in East Asia and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. The occurrence of these forests in East Asia has been a subject of debate across various discipli...Evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) are widely distributed in East Asia and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. The occurrence of these forests in East Asia has been a subject of debate across various disciplines. In this study, we explored the occurrence of East Asian EBLFs from a paleobotanical perspective. By collecting plant fossils from four regions in East Asia, we have established the evolutionary history of EBLFs. Through floral similarity analysis and paleoclimatic reconstruction, we have revealed a diverse spatio-temporal pattern for the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia. The earliest occurrence of EBLFs in southern China can be traced back to the middle Eocene, followed by southwestern China during the late Eocene-early Oligocene. Subsequently, EBLFs emerged in Japan during the early Oligocene and eventually appeared in central-eastern China around the Miocene. Paleoclimate simulation results suggest that the precipitation of wettest quarter(PWet Q, mm) exceeding 600 mm is crucial for the occurrence of EBLFs. Furthermore, the heterogeneous occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia is closely associated with the evolution of the Asian Monsoon. This study provides new insights into the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia.展开更多
LiMn_(2)O_(4)(LMO)electrochemical lithium-ion pump has gained widespread attention due to its green,high efficiency,and low energy consumption in selectively extracting lithium from brine.However,collapse of crystal s...LiMn_(2)O_(4)(LMO)electrochemical lithium-ion pump has gained widespread attention due to its green,high efficiency,and low energy consumption in selectively extracting lithium from brine.However,collapse of crystal structure and loss of lithium extraction capacity caused by Mn dissolution loss limits its industrialized application.Hence,a multifunctional coating was developed by depositing amorphous AlPO_(4)on the surface of LMO using sol-gel method.The characterization and electrochemical performance test provided insights into the mechanism of Li^(+)embedment and de-embedment and revealed that multifunctional AlPO_(4)can reconstruct the physical and chemical state of LMO surface to improve the interface hydrophilicity,promote the transport of Li^(+),strengthen cycle stability.Remarkably,after 20 cycles,the capacity retention rate of 0.5AP-LMO reached 93.6%with only 0.147%Mn dissolution loss.The average Li^(+)release capacity of 0.5AP-LMO//Ag system in simulated brine is 28.77 mg/(g h),which is 90.4%higher than LMO.Encouragingly,even in the more complex Zabuye real brine,0.5AP-LMO//Ag can still maintain excellent lithium extraction performance.These results indicate that the 0.5AP-LMO//Ag lithium-ion pump shows promising potential as a Li^(+)selective extraction system.展开更多
Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease(AD)with alterations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics.However,the specific associations between these patholog...Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease(AD)with alterations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics.However,the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear.In this study,we utilized Aβ42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models.The investigations included behavioural tests,brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis,Nissl staining,thioflavin-S staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Golgi-Cox staining,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),immunofluorescence staining,proteomics,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)detection,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)assessment,mitochondrial morphology analysis,electrophysiological studies,Western blotting,and molecular docking.The results revealed changes in synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models.Remarkably,intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai(DZSM)capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation.Aβ42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention,which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission.The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions,including the hippocampal CA3,primary cingular cortex,prelimbic system,and dysgranular insular cortex.DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels,augmented long-term potential(LTP)amplitude,and enhanced dendritic spine density and length.Moreover,DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters,including ROS expression,MMP and ATP contents,and mitochondrial morphology.In conclusion,our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in AD,concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.展开更多
Hyphal fusion(anastomosis)is a common process serving many important functions at various developmental stages in the life cycle of ascomycetous fungi.However,the biological roles and molecular mechanisms in plant pat...Hyphal fusion(anastomosis)is a common process serving many important functions at various developmental stages in the life cycle of ascomycetous fungi.However,the biological roles and molecular mechanisms in plant pathogenic fungi were widely unknown.In this study,a hyphal fusion protein FpHam-2 was screened from a T-DNA insertion mutant library of Fusarium pseudograminearum,and FpHam-2 interacts with another 2 hyphal fusion protein homologues FpHam-3 and FpHam-4.Each of these 3 genes deletion mutant revealed in similar defective phenotypes compared with the WT and complemented strains,including reduction in growth rate,defects in hyphal fusion and conidiation,more sensitive for cell membrane,cell wall and oxidative stress responses,and decreased in virulence.The yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify that FpHam-2 interacts with 3 autophagy-related proteins,including FpAtg3,FpAtg28 and FpAtg33.Furthermore,FpHam-2-deletion mutant showed decreased accumulation of autophagic bodies in hypha.In conclusion,FpHam-2,FpHam-3 and FpHam-4 have an essential role for hyphal fusion and regulating the growth,conidiation and virulence in F.pseudograminearum.展开更多
Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study in...Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study investigates the catalytic potential of three metal phosphates(aluminium phosphate(AlPO4),cobaltous phosphate(Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)),and zinc phosphate(Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)))in improving the MEA(monoethanolamine)-based CO_(2)absorption-desorption performance.Among the catalysts tested,AlPO_(4)demonstrated superior performance,enhancing CO_(2)absorption capacity by 4.2%to 9.3%and desorption capacity by 12.3%to 22.7%across five cycles.Notably,AlPO_(4)increased the CO_(2)desorption rate by over 104.4%at a desorption temperature of 81.3℃,simultaneously reducing the required sensible heat by 12.3%to 22.7%,compared to processes without catalysts.The improved efficiency is attributed to AlPO_(4)'s ability to effectively transfer hydrogen protons from protonated MEA to carbamate,thereby facilitating the decomposition of carbamate and regenerating CO_(2).This research introduces a viable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly solid acid catalyst strategy for CO_(2)desorption,contributing to the development of more energy-efficient CO_(2)capture technologies.展开更多
Fusarium pseudograminearum is a devastating pathogen that causes Fusarium crown rot(FCR)in wheat and poses a significant threat to wheat production in terms of grain yield and quality.However,the mechanism by which F....Fusarium pseudograminearum is a devastating pathogen that causes Fusarium crown rot(FCR)in wheat and poses a significant threat to wheat production in terms of grain yield and quality.However,the mechanism by which F.pseudograminearum infects wheat remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by constructing a T-DNA insertion mutant library for the highly virulent strain WZ-8A of F.pseudograminearum.By screening this mutant library,we identified nine independent mutants that displayed impaired pathogenesis in barley leaves.Among these mutants,one possessed a disruption in the gene FpRCO1 that is an ortholog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RCO1,encoding essential component of the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex in F.pseudograminearum.To further investigate the role of FpRCO1 in F.pseudograminearum,we employed a split-marker approach to knock out FpRCO1 in F.pseudograminearum WZ-8A.FpRCO1 deletion mutants exhibit reduced vegetative growth,conidium production,and virulence in wheat coleoptiles and barley leaves,whereas the complementary strain restores these phenotypes.Moreover,under stress conditions,the FpRCO1 deletion mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to NaCl,sorbitol,and SDS,but possessed reduced sensitivity to H_(2)O_(2)compared to these characteristics in the wild-type strain.RNA-seq analysis revealed that deletion of FpRCO1 affected gene expression(particularly the downregulation of TRI gene expression),thus resulting in significantly reduced deoxynivalenol(DON)production.In summary,our findings highlight the pivotal role of FpRCO1 in regulating vegetative growth and development,asexual reproduction,DON production,and pathogenicity of F.pseudograminearum.This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying F.pseudograminearum infection in wheat and may pave the way for the development of novel strategies to combat this devastating disease.展开更多
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)trafficking is a key process in the regulation of synaptic efficacy and brain function.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the surface transport of NMDARs is largely unknown....N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)trafficking is a key process in the regulation of synaptic efficacy and brain function.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the surface transport of NMDARs is largely unknown.Here we identified myosin Va(MyoVa)as the specific motor protein that traffics NMDARs in hippocampal neurons.We found that MyoVa associates with NMDARs through its cargo binding domain.This association was increased during NMDAR surface transport.Knockdown of MyoVa suppressed NMDAR transport.We further demonstrated that Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)regulates NMDAR transport through its direct interaction with MyoVa.Furthermore,MyoVa employed Rab11 family-interacting protein 3(Rab11/FIP3)as the adaptor proteins to couple themselves with NMDARs during their transport.Accordingly,the knockdown of FIP3 impairs hippocampal memory.Together,we conclude that in hippocampal neurons,MyoVa conducts active transport of NMDARs in a CaMKII-dependent manner.展开更多
A few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized platinum nanoparticles(Pt/h-BNNS)is engineered for oxidation-promoted adsorptive desulfurization(OPADS)of fuel oil.It was found that the few-layered structur...A few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized platinum nanoparticles(Pt/h-BNNS)is engineered for oxidation-promoted adsorptive desulfurization(OPADS)of fuel oil.It was found that the few-layered structure and the defective sites of h-BNNS not only are beneficial to the stabilization of Pt NPs but also favor the adsorption of aromatic sulfides.By employing Pt/h-BNNS with a Pt loading amount of 1.19 wt%as the active adsorbent and air as an oxidant,a 98.0%sulfur removal over dibenzothiophene(DBT)is achieved along with a total conversion of the DBT to the corresponding sulfones(DBTO_(2)).Detailed experiments show that the excellent desulfurization activity originates from the few-layered structure of h-BNNS and the high catalytic activity of Pt NPs.In addition,the OPADS system with Pt/h-BNNS as the active adsorbent shows remarkable stability in desulfurization performance with the existence of different interferents such as olefin,and aromatic hydrocarbons.Besides,the Pt/h-BNNS can be recycled 12 times without a significant decrease in desulfurization performance.Also,a process flow diagram is proposed for deep desulfurization of fuel oil and recovery of high value-added products,which would promote the industrial application of such OPADS strategy.展开更多
Background:Species of the genus Eimeria cause coccidiosis in chickens,resulting in a huge burden to the poultry industry worldwide.Eimeria tenella is one of the most prevalent chicken coccidia in China,and E.tenella i...Background:Species of the genus Eimeria cause coccidiosis in chickens,resulting in a huge burden to the poultry industry worldwide.Eimeria tenella is one of the most prevalent chicken coccidia in China,and E.tenella infection causes hemorrhagic cecitis.Methods:Using an established model of coccidiosis in chickens combined with necropsy,imaging of pathological tissue sections,and other techniques,we evaluated the gross and microscopic lesions of cecal tissue within 15 days after inoculation with sporulated oocysts and described the endogenetic developmental process and relationship between E.tenella infection and enteritis development in chickens.Results:We observed three generations of merogony and gamogony in E.tenella.We observed gross lesions in the cecum from 84 hpi(hours post inoculation)and microscopic lesions from 60 hpi.The lesions in the cecum mainly exhibited hemorrhagic enteritis.Their severity increased with the onset of the second generation of merogony.The lesions began to alleviate by the end of the endogenous stages of E.tenella.Conclusion:We show,for the first time,the complete observation of a series of changes in enteritis caused by 5×103 E.tenella oocysts.This study provides reference materials for E.tenella research and pathological diagnosis.展开更多
水文连通对于维护滨海湿地生物多样性至关重要,鱼类多样性作为生物多样性的重要组成部分,了解其对不同水文连通强度的响应具有重要意义。本研究基于环境DNA宏条形码技术(e DNA metabarcoding)检测黄河三角洲典型潮沟系统鱼类多样性,分...水文连通对于维护滨海湿地生物多样性至关重要,鱼类多样性作为生物多样性的重要组成部分,了解其对不同水文连通强度的响应具有重要意义。本研究基于环境DNA宏条形码技术(e DNA metabarcoding)检测黄河三角洲典型潮沟系统鱼类多样性,分析鱼类物种分布对不同水文连通强度潮沟生境差异的响应特征。利用12S r RNA经典鱼类引物对采集自三级潮沟系统的水样进行高通量测序,共检测出鱼类55种,其中本地鱼类27种、非本地鱼类28种,物种组成以鲈形目为主。各样点序列丰度均较高的鱼类有矛尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius hasta)、鮻(Planiliza haematocheilus)、长体刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius elongatus)等。鱼类多样性在不同水文连通性潮沟间差异明显,其中,二级潮沟群落多样性水平、丰富度指数、物种种类及各种鱼类类群中的个体均匀程度等都明显高于其他两级潮沟。RDA分析显示有6种环境因子与鱼类群落结构显著相关(P<0.05),分别为:硅酸盐(SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si)、硝酸盐(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、酸碱度(p H值)、盐度(SAL)、铵盐(NH_(4)^(+)–N)、溶解氧(DO)。其中,优势种矛尾刺虾虎鱼的序列丰度与硅酸盐呈正相关,鮻的序列丰度与盐度呈负相关。本研究通过与传统采样数据进行比较,证实了环境DNA宏条形码技术用于监测黄河口典型潮沟水体中鱼类多样性的可行性,表明潮沟系统水文连通性对鱼类群落结构及多样性均具有明显的影响,研究结果有助于进一步了解滨海湿地水文连通对生物群落的影响机制。展开更多
Accelerating the development of lithium resources has attracted a great deal of attention with the explosive growth of new energy vehicles.As a new technology,electrochemical lithium ion pumping(ELIP)is featured by en...Accelerating the development of lithium resources has attracted a great deal of attention with the explosive growth of new energy vehicles.As a new technology,electrochemical lithium ion pumping(ELIP)is featured by environment-friendly,low energy consumption and high efficiency.This review summarizes the research progress in ELIP,and focuses on the evaluation methods,electrode materials and electrochemical systems of ELIP.It can be concluded that ELIP is expected to achieve an industrial application and has a promising prospect.In addition,challenges and perspective of electrochemical lithium extraction are also highlighted.展开更多
Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate （PHB） can be produced by various species of bacteria. Among the possible carbon sources, both methane and methanol could be a suitable substrate for the production of PHB. Methane is cheap and...Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate （PHB） can be produced by various species of bacteria. Among the possible carbon sources, both methane and methanol could be a suitable substrate for the production of PHB. Methane is cheap and plentiful not only as natural gas, but also as biogas. Methanol can also maintain methanotrophic activity in some conditions. The methanotrophic strain Methylosinus trichosporium IMV3011 can accumulate PHB with methane and methanol in a brief nonsterile process. Liquid methanol （0.1%） was added to improve the oxidization of methane. The studies were carried out using shake flasks. Cultivation was performed in two stages： a continuous growth phase and a PHB accumulation phase under the conditions short of essential nutrients （ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, copper, iron （Ⅲ）, magnesium or ethylenediamine tetraacetate （EDTA）） in batch culture. It was found that the most suitable growth time for the cell is 144 h. Then an optimized culture condition for second stage was determined, in which the PHB concentration could be much increased to 0.6 g/L. In order to increase PHB content, citric acid was added as an inhibitor of tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA）. It was found that citric acid is favorable for the PHB accumulation, and the PHB yield was increased to 40% （w/w） from the initial yield of 12% （w/w） after nutrient deficiency cultivation. The PHB produced is of very high quality with molecular weight up to 1.5 × 10^6Da.展开更多
The rapid commercialization of lithium–ion batteries has caused significant expansion of the lithium demand.Electrochemical lithium ions pump is a promising technology because of its good selectivity and friendly env...The rapid commercialization of lithium–ion batteries has caused significant expansion of the lithium demand.Electrochemical lithium ions pump is a promising technology because of its good selectivity and friendly environment.Herein,an Al_(2)O_(3)–ZrO_(2) film coating of the LiMn_(2)O_(4)(AlZr–LMO) electrode is prepared and operated for recovery of Li^(+)from brine.The Li^(+) maximum extraction capacity of AlZr–LMO reached 49.92 mg/g in one cycle.Compared with the solely LMO electrode,the AlZr–LMO demonstrated evident electrochemical stability and cycle life towards the Li^(+)recovery system.After 30 successive cycles,the extraction capacity for Li^(+)increased from 29.21%to 57.67%.The high cycle capacity of the material could be attributed to its low polarization,high active sites,and good chemical stability of the electrode surface owing to the synergy function of Al_(2)O_(3)–ZrO_(2)in the charging-discharging process.A dynamic model parameter identification method was performed to evaluate the active site of AlZr–LMO.This work may provide a way to design the AlZr–LMO electrode and develop a good method for the recovery of lithium from brine.展开更多
Oxidative desulfurization(ODS)has been proved to be an efficient strategy for the production of clean fuel oil.Numerous metal-based materials have been employed as excellent ODS catalysts,but being hindered by their h...Oxidative desulfurization(ODS)has been proved to be an efficient strategy for the production of clean fuel oil.Numerous metal-based materials have been employed as excellent ODS catalysts,but being hindered by their high-cost and potential secondary pollution.In this work,we employed graphene analogous hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)as a metal-free catalyst for ODS with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)as the oxidant.The h-BN catalyst was characterized and proved to be a few-layered structure with relatively high specific surface areas.The h-BN catalyst showed a 99.4%of sulfur removal in fuel oil under the optimized reaction conditions.Besides,the h-BN can be recycled for 8 times without significant decrease in the catalytic performance.Detailed mechanism analysis found that it is the boron radicals in h-BN activated H2O2 to generate·OH species,which can readily oxidize sulfides to corresponding sulfones for separation.This work would provide another choice in choosing metal-free catalysts for ODS.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFF0800800)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.32225005)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.42072024,42320104005,42372033)the Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders of Yunnan(No.202305AC160051)Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province(No.202401AT070222)the 14th Five-Year Plan of the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XTBG-1450101,E3ZKFF7B).
文摘Evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) are widely distributed in East Asia and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. The occurrence of these forests in East Asia has been a subject of debate across various disciplines. In this study, we explored the occurrence of East Asian EBLFs from a paleobotanical perspective. By collecting plant fossils from four regions in East Asia, we have established the evolutionary history of EBLFs. Through floral similarity analysis and paleoclimatic reconstruction, we have revealed a diverse spatio-temporal pattern for the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia. The earliest occurrence of EBLFs in southern China can be traced back to the middle Eocene, followed by southwestern China during the late Eocene-early Oligocene. Subsequently, EBLFs emerged in Japan during the early Oligocene and eventually appeared in central-eastern China around the Miocene. Paleoclimate simulation results suggest that the precipitation of wettest quarter(PWet Q, mm) exceeding 600 mm is crucial for the occurrence of EBLFs. Furthermore, the heterogeneous occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia is closely associated with the evolution of the Asian Monsoon. This study provides new insights into the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21908082,22278426,and 22178154)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB629)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221367)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M701472)。
文摘LiMn_(2)O_(4)(LMO)electrochemical lithium-ion pump has gained widespread attention due to its green,high efficiency,and low energy consumption in selectively extracting lithium from brine.However,collapse of crystal structure and loss of lithium extraction capacity caused by Mn dissolution loss limits its industrialized application.Hence,a multifunctional coating was developed by depositing amorphous AlPO_(4)on the surface of LMO using sol-gel method.The characterization and electrochemical performance test provided insights into the mechanism of Li^(+)embedment and de-embedment and revealed that multifunctional AlPO_(4)can reconstruct the physical and chemical state of LMO surface to improve the interface hydrophilicity,promote the transport of Li^(+),strengthen cycle stability.Remarkably,after 20 cycles,the capacity retention rate of 0.5AP-LMO reached 93.6%with only 0.147%Mn dissolution loss.The average Li^(+)release capacity of 0.5AP-LMO//Ag system in simulated brine is 28.77 mg/(g h),which is 90.4%higher than LMO.Encouragingly,even in the more complex Zabuye real brine,0.5AP-LMO//Ag can still maintain excellent lithium extraction performance.These results indicate that the 0.5AP-LMO//Ag lithium-ion pump shows promising potential as a Li^(+)selective extraction system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82374317)State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant Nos.:82130119 and 82130118)+4 种基金Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(Grant No.:2021M690450)Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(Grant No.:ZY2021M017)Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.:2022ZZXJ004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82174210)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Grant No.:ZZ14-FL-005).
文摘Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease(AD)with alterations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics.However,the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear.In this study,we utilized Aβ42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models.The investigations included behavioural tests,brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis,Nissl staining,thioflavin-S staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Golgi-Cox staining,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),immunofluorescence staining,proteomics,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)detection,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)assessment,mitochondrial morphology analysis,electrophysiological studies,Western blotting,and molecular docking.The results revealed changes in synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models.Remarkably,intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai(DZSM)capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation.Aβ42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention,which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission.The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions,including the hippocampal CA3,primary cingular cortex,prelimbic system,and dysgranular insular cortex.DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels,augmented long-term potential(LTP)amplitude,and enhanced dendritic spine density and length.Moreover,DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters,including ROS expression,MMP and ATP contents,and mitochondrial morphology.In conclusion,our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in AD,concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2004140)the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Major Project,China(221100110100)。
文摘Hyphal fusion(anastomosis)is a common process serving many important functions at various developmental stages in the life cycle of ascomycetous fungi.However,the biological roles and molecular mechanisms in plant pathogenic fungi were widely unknown.In this study,a hyphal fusion protein FpHam-2 was screened from a T-DNA insertion mutant library of Fusarium pseudograminearum,and FpHam-2 interacts with another 2 hyphal fusion protein homologues FpHam-3 and FpHam-4.Each of these 3 genes deletion mutant revealed in similar defective phenotypes compared with the WT and complemented strains,including reduction in growth rate,defects in hyphal fusion and conidiation,more sensitive for cell membrane,cell wall and oxidative stress responses,and decreased in virulence.The yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify that FpHam-2 interacts with 3 autophagy-related proteins,including FpAtg3,FpAtg28 and FpAtg33.Furthermore,FpHam-2-deletion mutant showed decreased accumulation of autophagic bodies in hypha.In conclusion,FpHam-2,FpHam-3 and FpHam-4 have an essential role for hyphal fusion and regulating the growth,conidiation and virulence in F.pseudograminearum.
基金supports from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743768)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52006112)Xuzhou Bureau of Science and Technology(KC23293).
文摘Catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))desorption has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of CO_(2)capture while minimizing energy demands,crucial for advancing chemical absorption methods.This study investigates the catalytic potential of three metal phosphates(aluminium phosphate(AlPO4),cobaltous phosphate(Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)),and zinc phosphate(Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)))in improving the MEA(monoethanolamine)-based CO_(2)absorption-desorption performance.Among the catalysts tested,AlPO_(4)demonstrated superior performance,enhancing CO_(2)absorption capacity by 4.2%to 9.3%and desorption capacity by 12.3%to 22.7%across five cycles.Notably,AlPO_(4)increased the CO_(2)desorption rate by over 104.4%at a desorption temperature of 81.3℃,simultaneously reducing the required sensible heat by 12.3%to 22.7%,compared to processes without catalysts.The improved efficiency is attributed to AlPO_(4)'s ability to effectively transfer hydrogen protons from protonated MEA to carbamate,thereby facilitating the decomposition of carbamate and regenerating CO_(2).This research introduces a viable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly solid acid catalyst strategy for CO_(2)desorption,contributing to the development of more energy-efficient CO_(2)capture technologies.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901835)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Henan Province of China(212102110145)the International(Regional)Cooperation and Exchange Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31961143018).
文摘Fusarium pseudograminearum is a devastating pathogen that causes Fusarium crown rot(FCR)in wheat and poses a significant threat to wheat production in terms of grain yield and quality.However,the mechanism by which F.pseudograminearum infects wheat remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by constructing a T-DNA insertion mutant library for the highly virulent strain WZ-8A of F.pseudograminearum.By screening this mutant library,we identified nine independent mutants that displayed impaired pathogenesis in barley leaves.Among these mutants,one possessed a disruption in the gene FpRCO1 that is an ortholog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RCO1,encoding essential component of the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex in F.pseudograminearum.To further investigate the role of FpRCO1 in F.pseudograminearum,we employed a split-marker approach to knock out FpRCO1 in F.pseudograminearum WZ-8A.FpRCO1 deletion mutants exhibit reduced vegetative growth,conidium production,and virulence in wheat coleoptiles and barley leaves,whereas the complementary strain restores these phenotypes.Moreover,under stress conditions,the FpRCO1 deletion mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to NaCl,sorbitol,and SDS,but possessed reduced sensitivity to H_(2)O_(2)compared to these characteristics in the wild-type strain.RNA-seq analysis revealed that deletion of FpRCO1 affected gene expression(particularly the downregulation of TRI gene expression),thus resulting in significantly reduced deoxynivalenol(DON)production.In summary,our findings highlight the pivotal role of FpRCO1 in regulating vegetative growth and development,asexual reproduction,DON production,and pathogenicity of F.pseudograminearum.This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying F.pseudograminearum infection in wheat and may pave the way for the development of novel strategies to combat this devastating disease.
基金supported by grants from the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0203502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730107,31970959,and 31671056).
文摘N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)trafficking is a key process in the regulation of synaptic efficacy and brain function.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the surface transport of NMDARs is largely unknown.Here we identified myosin Va(MyoVa)as the specific motor protein that traffics NMDARs in hippocampal neurons.We found that MyoVa associates with NMDARs through its cargo binding domain.This association was increased during NMDAR surface transport.Knockdown of MyoVa suppressed NMDAR transport.We further demonstrated that Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)regulates NMDAR transport through its direct interaction with MyoVa.Furthermore,MyoVa employed Rab11 family-interacting protein 3(Rab11/FIP3)as the adaptor proteins to couple themselves with NMDARs during their transport.Accordingly,the knockdown of FIP3 impairs hippocampal memory.Together,we conclude that in hippocampal neurons,MyoVa conducts active transport of NMDARs in a CaMKII-dependent manner.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178154,22008094,21908082,21878133)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190852,BK20190854)Natural Science Foundation for Jiangsu Colleges and Universities(19KJB530005).
文摘A few-layered hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets stabilized platinum nanoparticles(Pt/h-BNNS)is engineered for oxidation-promoted adsorptive desulfurization(OPADS)of fuel oil.It was found that the few-layered structure and the defective sites of h-BNNS not only are beneficial to the stabilization of Pt NPs but also favor the adsorption of aromatic sulfides.By employing Pt/h-BNNS with a Pt loading amount of 1.19 wt%as the active adsorbent and air as an oxidant,a 98.0%sulfur removal over dibenzothiophene(DBT)is achieved along with a total conversion of the DBT to the corresponding sulfones(DBTO_(2)).Detailed experiments show that the excellent desulfurization activity originates from the few-layered structure of h-BNNS and the high catalytic activity of Pt NPs.In addition,the OPADS system with Pt/h-BNNS as the active adsorbent shows remarkable stability in desulfurization performance with the existence of different interferents such as olefin,and aromatic hydrocarbons.Besides,the Pt/h-BNNS can be recycled 12 times without a significant decrease in desulfurization performance.Also,a process flow diagram is proposed for deep desulfurization of fuel oil and recovery of high value-added products,which would promote the industrial application of such OPADS strategy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (project no:2021YFF0702402).
文摘Background:Species of the genus Eimeria cause coccidiosis in chickens,resulting in a huge burden to the poultry industry worldwide.Eimeria tenella is one of the most prevalent chicken coccidia in China,and E.tenella infection causes hemorrhagic cecitis.Methods:Using an established model of coccidiosis in chickens combined with necropsy,imaging of pathological tissue sections,and other techniques,we evaluated the gross and microscopic lesions of cecal tissue within 15 days after inoculation with sporulated oocysts and described the endogenetic developmental process and relationship between E.tenella infection and enteritis development in chickens.Results:We observed three generations of merogony and gamogony in E.tenella.We observed gross lesions in the cecum from 84 hpi(hours post inoculation)and microscopic lesions from 60 hpi.The lesions in the cecum mainly exhibited hemorrhagic enteritis.Their severity increased with the onset of the second generation of merogony.The lesions began to alleviate by the end of the endogenous stages of E.tenella.Conclusion:We show,for the first time,the complete observation of a series of changes in enteritis caused by 5×103 E.tenella oocysts.This study provides reference materials for E.tenella research and pathological diagnosis.
文摘水文连通对于维护滨海湿地生物多样性至关重要,鱼类多样性作为生物多样性的重要组成部分,了解其对不同水文连通强度的响应具有重要意义。本研究基于环境DNA宏条形码技术(e DNA metabarcoding)检测黄河三角洲典型潮沟系统鱼类多样性,分析鱼类物种分布对不同水文连通强度潮沟生境差异的响应特征。利用12S r RNA经典鱼类引物对采集自三级潮沟系统的水样进行高通量测序,共检测出鱼类55种,其中本地鱼类27种、非本地鱼类28种,物种组成以鲈形目为主。各样点序列丰度均较高的鱼类有矛尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius hasta)、鮻(Planiliza haematocheilus)、长体刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius elongatus)等。鱼类多样性在不同水文连通性潮沟间差异明显,其中,二级潮沟群落多样性水平、丰富度指数、物种种类及各种鱼类类群中的个体均匀程度等都明显高于其他两级潮沟。RDA分析显示有6种环境因子与鱼类群落结构显著相关(P<0.05),分别为:硅酸盐(SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si)、硝酸盐(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、酸碱度(p H值)、盐度(SAL)、铵盐(NH_(4)^(+)–N)、溶解氧(DO)。其中,优势种矛尾刺虾虎鱼的序列丰度与硅酸盐呈正相关,鮻的序列丰度与盐度呈负相关。本研究通过与传统采样数据进行比较,证实了环境DNA宏条形码技术用于监测黄河口典型潮沟水体中鱼类多样性的可行性,表明潮沟系统水文连通性对鱼类群落结构及多样性均具有明显的影响,研究结果有助于进一步了解滨海湿地水文连通对生物群落的影响机制。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 21878133,21908082 and 21722604)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190854)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671364)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX191622)the Science&Technology Foundation of Zhenjiang(GY2020027)。
文摘Accelerating the development of lithium resources has attracted a great deal of attention with the explosive growth of new energy vehicles.As a new technology,electrochemical lithium ion pumping(ELIP)is featured by environment-friendly,low energy consumption and high efficiency.This review summarizes the research progress in ELIP,and focuses on the evaluation methods,electrode materials and electrochemical systems of ELIP.It can be concluded that ELIP is expected to achieve an industrial application and has a promising prospect.In addition,challenges and perspective of electrochemical lithium extraction are also highlighted.
基金New Century Excellent Talents in University of China(NCET-05-0358)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20625308)
文摘Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate （PHB） can be produced by various species of bacteria. Among the possible carbon sources, both methane and methanol could be a suitable substrate for the production of PHB. Methane is cheap and plentiful not only as natural gas, but also as biogas. Methanol can also maintain methanotrophic activity in some conditions. The methanotrophic strain Methylosinus trichosporium IMV3011 can accumulate PHB with methane and methanol in a brief nonsterile process. Liquid methanol （0.1%） was added to improve the oxidization of methane. The studies were carried out using shake flasks. Cultivation was performed in two stages： a continuous growth phase and a PHB accumulation phase under the conditions short of essential nutrients （ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, copper, iron （Ⅲ）, magnesium or ethylenediamine tetraacetate （EDTA）） in batch culture. It was found that the most suitable growth time for the cell is 144 h. Then an optimized culture condition for second stage was determined, in which the PHB concentration could be much increased to 0.6 g/L. In order to increase PHB content, citric acid was added as an inhibitor of tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA）. It was found that citric acid is favorable for the PHB accumulation, and the PHB yield was increased to 40% （w/w） from the initial yield of 12% （w/w） after nutrient deficiency cultivation. The PHB produced is of very high quality with molecular weight up to 1.5 × 10^6Da.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21878133, 21908082, 22178154)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20190854)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M671364, 2021M701472)the Science & Technology Foundation of Zhenjiang (GY2020027)。
文摘The rapid commercialization of lithium–ion batteries has caused significant expansion of the lithium demand.Electrochemical lithium ions pump is a promising technology because of its good selectivity and friendly environment.Herein,an Al_(2)O_(3)–ZrO_(2) film coating of the LiMn_(2)O_(4)(AlZr–LMO) electrode is prepared and operated for recovery of Li^(+)from brine.The Li^(+) maximum extraction capacity of AlZr–LMO reached 49.92 mg/g in one cycle.Compared with the solely LMO electrode,the AlZr–LMO demonstrated evident electrochemical stability and cycle life towards the Li^(+)recovery system.After 30 successive cycles,the extraction capacity for Li^(+)increased from 29.21%to 57.67%.The high cycle capacity of the material could be attributed to its low polarization,high active sites,and good chemical stability of the electrode surface owing to the synergy function of Al_(2)O_(3)–ZrO_(2)in the charging-discharging process.A dynamic model parameter identification method was performed to evaluate the active site of AlZr–LMO.This work may provide a way to design the AlZr–LMO electrode and develop a good method for the recovery of lithium from brine.
基金All authors appreciate the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0306504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21722604,21878133 and 21908082)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M651743)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190852,BK20190854)Natural Science Foundation for Jiangsu Colleges and Universities(19KJB530005).
文摘Oxidative desulfurization(ODS)has been proved to be an efficient strategy for the production of clean fuel oil.Numerous metal-based materials have been employed as excellent ODS catalysts,but being hindered by their high-cost and potential secondary pollution.In this work,we employed graphene analogous hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)as a metal-free catalyst for ODS with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)as the oxidant.The h-BN catalyst was characterized and proved to be a few-layered structure with relatively high specific surface areas.The h-BN catalyst showed a 99.4%of sulfur removal in fuel oil under the optimized reaction conditions.Besides,the h-BN can be recycled for 8 times without significant decrease in the catalytic performance.Detailed mechanism analysis found that it is the boron radicals in h-BN activated H2O2 to generate·OH species,which can readily oxidize sulfides to corresponding sulfones for separation.This work would provide another choice in choosing metal-free catalysts for ODS.
