This paper tried to analyze the particle size characteristics of the soil samples in Shuifang Spring catchment area,Jinfo Mt.,Chongqing with different land use patterns that are horse race grassland,rhododendron bush,...This paper tried to analyze the particle size characteristics of the soil samples in Shuifang Spring catchment area,Jinfo Mt.,Chongqing with different land use patterns that are horse race grassland,rhododendron bush,bamboos,and the grassland near the Shuifang spring.The different land usepattern in karst area is of great affection to the particle size characteristics of soil.The median diameter of the karst surface layer soil becomes gradually smaller and smaller in following sequence:horse race grassland,grassland near the Shuifang Spring.展开更多
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in sti...Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in stimulating desired activity for varied regeneration applications. In this study, we combined the two-dimensional (2D) hetero-nanostructures and immuno-regulative interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines for the functionalization of 3D-printed scaffolds to achieve a pro-healing immuno-microenvironment for optimized bone injury repair. The 2D hetero-nanostructure consists of graphene oxide (GO) layers, for improved cell adhesion, and black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets, for the continuous release of phosphate ions to stimulate cell growth and osteogenesis. In addition, the 2D hetero-nanolayers facilitated the adsorption of large content of immuno-regulative IL-4 cytokines, which modulated the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. After in vivo implantation in rat, the immuno-functioned 3D-scaffolds achieved in vivo osteo-immunomodulation by building a pro-healing immunological microenvironment for better angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the defect area and thus facilitated bone regeneration. These results demonstrated that the immuno-functionalization of 3D-scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures with secondary loading of immuno-regulative cytokines is an encouraging strategy for improving bone regeneration.展开更多
文摘This paper tried to analyze the particle size characteristics of the soil samples in Shuifang Spring catchment area,Jinfo Mt.,Chongqing with different land use patterns that are horse race grassland,rhododendron bush,bamboos,and the grassland near the Shuifang spring.The different land usepattern in karst area is of great affection to the particle size characteristics of soil.The median diameter of the karst surface layer soil becomes gradually smaller and smaller in following sequence:horse race grassland,grassland near the Shuifang Spring.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01 AR075037 and R01 AR56212.
文摘Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in stimulating desired activity for varied regeneration applications. In this study, we combined the two-dimensional (2D) hetero-nanostructures and immuno-regulative interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines for the functionalization of 3D-printed scaffolds to achieve a pro-healing immuno-microenvironment for optimized bone injury repair. The 2D hetero-nanostructure consists of graphene oxide (GO) layers, for improved cell adhesion, and black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets, for the continuous release of phosphate ions to stimulate cell growth and osteogenesis. In addition, the 2D hetero-nanolayers facilitated the adsorption of large content of immuno-regulative IL-4 cytokines, which modulated the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. After in vivo implantation in rat, the immuno-functioned 3D-scaffolds achieved in vivo osteo-immunomodulation by building a pro-healing immunological microenvironment for better angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the defect area and thus facilitated bone regeneration. These results demonstrated that the immuno-functionalization of 3D-scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures with secondary loading of immuno-regulative cytokines is an encouraging strategy for improving bone regeneration.
