This study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in China who are combatting novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).To perform this,a survey of 127 medical staff from three separate wards(the general ...This study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in China who are combatting novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).To perform this,a survey of 127 medical staff from three separate wards(the general ward,isolation ward,and fever clinic)of a Grade A tertiary hospital in China was conducted.The survey questionnaire measured general characteristics and included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).We consequently found that global PSQI scores differed significantly between the different wards(χ2=44.561,P<0.001).Whilst the medical staff in the general ward did not report any sleep disturbances,those in the isolation ward and the fever clinic both exhibited various degrees of sleep disturbance(global PSQI score>7).Medical staff in the isolation ward had the worst sleep quality(mean rank=91.74),followed by those in the fever clinic(mean rank=70.52)and the general ward(mean rank=39.10),respectively.The primary sleep disturbances reported by the medical staff from the isolation ward included difficulty falling asleep(24 cases,71.42%),waking early or at night(28 cases,80%),and nightmares(18 cases,51.42%).In addition,31.42%(11 cases)of the medical staff from the isolation ward had less than six hours of sleep a night,and 65.71%(23 cases)felt that their sleep quality was poor;meanwhile,for the staff from the fever clinic these ratios were 16.67%(seven cases)and 33.33%(14 cases),respectively.In contrast,among medical staff in the general ward,98%(49 cases)reported sleeping for more than six hours a night,and 96%felt that their sleep quality was good.In conclusion,of the medical staff providing treatment for COVID-19,those in isolation wards and fever clinics are more likely to experience sleep disturbances.展开更多
Lab-scale perovskite solar cells have shown ever-increasing power conversion efficiency in recent years.However,practical deployment is hindered by inferior device performance when upscaling from lab-scale cells to la...Lab-scale perovskite solar cells have shown ever-increasing power conversion efficiency in recent years.However,practical deployment is hindered by inferior device performance when upscaling from lab-scale cells to large-area modules.One such limitation originates from the poor thin-film quality of large-area modules.As a result,it is imperative to address the difficulties in fabricating high-quality perovskite absorbers.Herein,we analyze the fundamental challenges existing in large-area perovskite film fabrication,covering everything from crystal nucleation to thin-film growth and passivation.We then discuss a feasible roadmap to enhancing large-area modules through precursor chemistry strategies.These strategies encompass precursor design(solvent selection and additive engineering),drying process modulation(uniform drying,wide processing window,and high throughput),and annealing optimization(moderate annealing and thermal management).In addition,we examine the strengths and weaknesses of scalable deposition methods used in the present upscaling devices.This work provides strategic insights and practical guidelines for minimizing efficiency loss and accelerating the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in China who are combatting novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).To perform this,a survey of 127 medical staff from three separate wards(the general ward,isolation ward,and fever clinic)of a Grade A tertiary hospital in China was conducted.The survey questionnaire measured general characteristics and included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).We consequently found that global PSQI scores differed significantly between the different wards(χ2=44.561,P<0.001).Whilst the medical staff in the general ward did not report any sleep disturbances,those in the isolation ward and the fever clinic both exhibited various degrees of sleep disturbance(global PSQI score>7).Medical staff in the isolation ward had the worst sleep quality(mean rank=91.74),followed by those in the fever clinic(mean rank=70.52)and the general ward(mean rank=39.10),respectively.The primary sleep disturbances reported by the medical staff from the isolation ward included difficulty falling asleep(24 cases,71.42%),waking early or at night(28 cases,80%),and nightmares(18 cases,51.42%).In addition,31.42%(11 cases)of the medical staff from the isolation ward had less than six hours of sleep a night,and 65.71%(23 cases)felt that their sleep quality was poor;meanwhile,for the staff from the fever clinic these ratios were 16.67%(seven cases)and 33.33%(14 cases),respectively.In contrast,among medical staff in the general ward,98%(49 cases)reported sleeping for more than six hours a night,and 96%felt that their sleep quality was good.In conclusion,of the medical staff providing treatment for COVID-19,those in isolation wards and fever clinics are more likely to experience sleep disturbances.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52573266,12574467Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:501RCQD2025158003,501XYGG2025158009State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,Grant/Award Number:LAPS2500。
文摘Lab-scale perovskite solar cells have shown ever-increasing power conversion efficiency in recent years.However,practical deployment is hindered by inferior device performance when upscaling from lab-scale cells to large-area modules.One such limitation originates from the poor thin-film quality of large-area modules.As a result,it is imperative to address the difficulties in fabricating high-quality perovskite absorbers.Herein,we analyze the fundamental challenges existing in large-area perovskite film fabrication,covering everything from crystal nucleation to thin-film growth and passivation.We then discuss a feasible roadmap to enhancing large-area modules through precursor chemistry strategies.These strategies encompass precursor design(solvent selection and additive engineering),drying process modulation(uniform drying,wide processing window,and high throughput),and annealing optimization(moderate annealing and thermal management).In addition,we examine the strengths and weaknesses of scalable deposition methods used in the present upscaling devices.This work provides strategic insights and practical guidelines for minimizing efficiency loss and accelerating the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics.
