With the growing population and the reducing arable land, breeding has been considered as an effective way to solve the food crisis.As an important part in breeding, high-throughput phenotyping can accelerate the bree...With the growing population and the reducing arable land, breeding has been considered as an effective way to solve the food crisis.As an important part in breeding, high-throughput phenotyping can accelerate the breeding process effectively. Light detection and ranging(LiDAR) is an active remote sensing technology that is capable of acquiring three-dimensional(3 D) data accurately,and has a great potential in crop phenotyping. Given that crop phenotyping based on LiDAR technology is not common in China,we developed a high-throughput crop phenotyping platform, named Crop 3 D, which integrated LiDAR sensor, high-resolution camera, thermal camera and hyperspectral imager. Compared with traditional crop phenotyping techniques, Crop 3 D can acquire multi-source phenotypic data in the whole crop growing period and extract plant height, plant width, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf inclination angle and other parameters for plant biology and genomics analysis. In this paper, we described the designs,functions and testing results of the Crop 3 D platform, and briefly discussed the potential applications and future development of the platform in phenotyping. We concluded that platforms integrating LiDAR and traditional remote sensing techniques might be the future trend of crop high-throughput phenotyping.展开更多
Dear Editor,Strigolactones （SLs） are a group of carotenoid-derived terpenoid lactones with similar structures. They can promote symbiotic interactions of plants with soil microbes （Akiyama et al., 2010）, stimulate...Dear Editor,Strigolactones （SLs） are a group of carotenoid-derived terpenoid lactones with similar structures. They can promote symbiotic interactions of plants with soil microbes （Akiyama et al., 2010）, stimulate the germination of parasitic weeds Striga and Orobanche （Cook et al., 1966; Johnson et al., 1976）, and regulate plant growth and development, including inhibition of shoot （tiller） outgrowth （Gomez-Roldan et al., 2008; Umehara et al., 2008）, suppression of hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis （Scaffidi et al., 2014）, and regulation of root architecture （Koltai, 2011）.展开更多
The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and...The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and C16 site,studies on the C25 acetoxy group are still limited.We successfully developed a palladium-catalyzed allylic coupling of cucurbitacin B with boronic acids,providing a one-step approach to expand the chemical diversity of the C25 position.Our method was protecting-group-free,showing a good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions.A library of 29 derivatives was prepared,compounds 2q and 2u showed higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells than cucurbitacin B,compounds 2n and 2o maintained potency,and the introduced hydroxyl and amino groups could be further derived.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Program of Molecular Module-Based Designer Breeding Systems(XDA08040107)the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2014129)
文摘With the growing population and the reducing arable land, breeding has been considered as an effective way to solve the food crisis.As an important part in breeding, high-throughput phenotyping can accelerate the breeding process effectively. Light detection and ranging(LiDAR) is an active remote sensing technology that is capable of acquiring three-dimensional(3 D) data accurately,and has a great potential in crop phenotyping. Given that crop phenotyping based on LiDAR technology is not common in China,we developed a high-throughput crop phenotyping platform, named Crop 3 D, which integrated LiDAR sensor, high-resolution camera, thermal camera and hyperspectral imager. Compared with traditional crop phenotyping techniques, Crop 3 D can acquire multi-source phenotypic data in the whole crop growing period and extract plant height, plant width, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf inclination angle and other parameters for plant biology and genomics analysis. In this paper, we described the designs,functions and testing results of the Crop 3 D platform, and briefly discussed the potential applications and future development of the platform in phenotyping. We concluded that platforms integrating LiDAR and traditional remote sensing techniques might be the future trend of crop high-throughput phenotyping.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （grant no. 31421001）.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We sincerely thank Prof. Steven M. Smith for insightful suggestions on our work and manuscript. No conflict of interest declared.
文摘Dear Editor,Strigolactones （SLs） are a group of carotenoid-derived terpenoid lactones with similar structures. They can promote symbiotic interactions of plants with soil microbes （Akiyama et al., 2010）, stimulate the germination of parasitic weeds Striga and Orobanche （Cook et al., 1966; Johnson et al., 1976）, and regulate plant growth and development, including inhibition of shoot （tiller） outgrowth （Gomez-Roldan et al., 2008; Umehara et al., 2008）, suppression of hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis （Scaffidi et al., 2014）, and regulation of root architecture （Koltai, 2011）.
文摘The natural product cucurbitacin B has been widely studied because of its multiple biological activities,especially its potent antitumor effects.However,modifications of cucurbitacin B are mainly focused on the C2 and C16 site,studies on the C25 acetoxy group are still limited.We successfully developed a palladium-catalyzed allylic coupling of cucurbitacin B with boronic acids,providing a one-step approach to expand the chemical diversity of the C25 position.Our method was protecting-group-free,showing a good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions.A library of 29 derivatives was prepared,compounds 2q and 2u showed higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells than cucurbitacin B,compounds 2n and 2o maintained potency,and the introduced hydroxyl and amino groups could be further derived.
