Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis due to the high density of active sites in its unique two-dimensional(2D)structure,which could be developed into numerous high-...Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis due to the high density of active sites in its unique two-dimensional(2D)structure,which could be developed into numerous high-performance catalysts.The synthesis of ultra-small MoS2 particles(<10 nm)is highly desired in various experimental studies.The ultra-small structure could often lead to a distinct S-Mo coordination state and nonstoichiometric composition in MoSx,minimizing in-plane active sites of the 2D structure and making it probable to regulate the atomic and electronic structure of its intrinsic active sites on a large extent,especially in MoSx clusters.This article summarizes the recent progress of catalysis over ultra-small undoped MoS_(2) particles for renewable fuel production.Through a systematic review of their synthesis,structural,and spectral characteristics,as well as the relationship between their catalytic performance and inherent defects,we aim to provide insights into catalysis over this matrix that may potentially enable advancement in the development of high-performance MoS_(2)-based catalysts for sustainable energy generation in the future.展开更多
In the process of learning a language, the language communication from the perspective of applied linguistics cannot exist without certain cultural tendency. Practice proves that an appropriate introduction of the bac...In the process of learning a language, the language communication from the perspective of applied linguistics cannot exist without certain cultural tendency. Practice proves that an appropriate introduction of the background culture having a certain relationship with language environment can enrich the knowledge structure of students, and effectively remove the obstacles in the process of English language communication, so that the cognitive ability is improved. In this paper, applied linguistics as well as the concept of cultural introduction teaching theory is briefly elaborated, and the necessities of cultural introduction teaching and the signiflcances of English cultural introduction teaching are analyzed, and also some rules necessary to follow in the introduction teaching of English culture are introduced, and then the implementation strategies are discussed, so as to provide a reference for a large number of educational workers.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide evidence that biomarkers of large artery atherosclerosis,including arterial stenosis and greater carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT),may se...Objective:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide evidence that biomarkers of large artery atherosclerosis,including arterial stenosis and greater carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT),may serve as clinical markers of subclinical haemorrhage-prone cerebral small vessel disease,reflected by cerebral microbleeds(CMBs).Methods:We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Web of Science,EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published before 1 July 2016.The association between arterial stenosis and CMBs was estimated by the OR and 95%CI.The association of cIMT and CMBs was calculated using the standardised mean difference(SMD).Heterogeneity and publication bias were explored.Results:8 studies including a total of 7160 participants were pooled in the meta-analysis.6 of the included studies were cross-sectional,except that 2 were prospective.We found a significant association between arterial stenosis>50%and the presence of CMBs(OR 1.95,95%CI 1.13 to 3.36,I2=56.1%).A fixed-effects model suggested that patients with CMBs were more likely to have a greater cIMT(SMD 0.20,95%CI 0.11 to 0.28,I2=24.7%).Conclusions:This systematic review and metaanalysis found that there is a relationship between large artery atherosclerosis and CMBs.Future studies are needed to confirm the impact of atherosclerosis on the CMBs,which may have potential therapeutic implications.展开更多
Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide.Non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke(NCIS),which constitutes the majority of AIS cases,is highly heterogeneous,thus requiring precision med...Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide.Non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke(NCIS),which constitutes the majority of AIS cases,is highly heterogeneous,thus requiring precision medicine treatments.This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying NCIS heterogeneity.We integrated data from the Third China National Stroke Registry,including clinical phenotypes,biomarkers,and whole-genome sequencing data for 7695 patients with NCIS.We identified 30 molecular clusters based on 63 biomarkers and explored the comprehensive landscape of biological heterogeneity and subpopulations in NCIS.Dimensionality reduction revealed fine-scale subpopulation structures associated with specific biomarkers.The subpopulations with biomarkers for inflammation,abnormal liver and kidney function,homocysteine metabolism,lipid metabolism,and gut microbiota metabolism were associated with a high risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes,including stroke recurrence,disability,and mortality.Several genes encoding potential drug targets were identified as putative causal genes that drive the clusters,such as CDK10,ERCC3,and CHEK2.We comprehensively characterized the genetic architecture of these subpopulations,identified their molecular signatures,and revealed the potential of the polybiomarkers and polygenic prediction for assessing clinical outcomes.Our study demonstrates the power of large-scale molecular biomarkers and genomics to understand the underlying biological mechanisms of and advance precision medicine for NCIS.展开更多
Background Given the swift advancements in artificial intelligence(AI),the utilisation of AI-based clinical decision support systems(AI-CDSSs)has become increasingly prevalent in the medical domain,particularly in the...Background Given the swift advancements in artificial intelligence(AI),the utilisation of AI-based clinical decision support systems(AI-CDSSs)has become increasingly prevalent in the medical domain,particularly in the management of cerebrovascular disease.Aims To describe the design,rationale and methods of a cluster-randomised multifaceted intervention trial aimed at investigating the effect of cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS on the clinical outcomes of patients who had a stroke and on stroke care quality.Design The GOLDEN BRIDGE Ⅱ trial is a multicentre,open-label,cluster-randomised multifaceted intervention study.A total of 80 hospitals in China were randomly assigned to the AI-CDSS intervention group or the control group.For eligible participants with acute ischaemic stroke in the AI-CDSS intervention group,cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS will provide AI-assisted imaging analysis,auxiliary stroke aetiology and pathogenesis analysis,and guideline-based treatment recommendations.In the control group,patients will receive the usual care.The primary outcome is the occurrence of new vascular events(composite of ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction or vascular death)at 3 months after stroke onset.The sample size was estimated to be 21689 with a 26%relative reduction in the incidence of new composite vascular events at 3 months by using multiple quality-improving interventions provided by AI-CDSS.All analyses will be performed according to the intention-to-treat principle and accounted for clustering using generalised estimating equations.Conclusions Once the effectiveness is verified,the cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS could improve stroke care and outcomes in China.Trial registration number NCT04524624.展开更多
基金support from the Tangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21703065)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2018209267,E2022209039)the Basic Science Center Program for Ordered Energy Conversion of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51888103).
文摘Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis due to the high density of active sites in its unique two-dimensional(2D)structure,which could be developed into numerous high-performance catalysts.The synthesis of ultra-small MoS2 particles(<10 nm)is highly desired in various experimental studies.The ultra-small structure could often lead to a distinct S-Mo coordination state and nonstoichiometric composition in MoSx,minimizing in-plane active sites of the 2D structure and making it probable to regulate the atomic and electronic structure of its intrinsic active sites on a large extent,especially in MoSx clusters.This article summarizes the recent progress of catalysis over ultra-small undoped MoS_(2) particles for renewable fuel production.Through a systematic review of their synthesis,structural,and spectral characteristics,as well as the relationship between their catalytic performance and inherent defects,we aim to provide insights into catalysis over this matrix that may potentially enable advancement in the development of high-performance MoS_(2)-based catalysts for sustainable energy generation in the future.
文摘In the process of learning a language, the language communication from the perspective of applied linguistics cannot exist without certain cultural tendency. Practice proves that an appropriate introduction of the background culture having a certain relationship with language environment can enrich the knowledge structure of students, and effectively remove the obstacles in the process of English language communication, so that the cognitive ability is improved. In this paper, applied linguistics as well as the concept of cultural introduction teaching theory is briefly elaborated, and the necessities of cultural introduction teaching and the signiflcances of English cultural introduction teaching are analyzed, and also some rules necessary to follow in the introduction teaching of English culture are introduced, and then the implementation strategies are discussed, so as to provide a reference for a large number of educational workers.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81471206)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(grant number 7152121).
文摘Objective:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide evidence that biomarkers of large artery atherosclerosis,including arterial stenosis and greater carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT),may serve as clinical markers of subclinical haemorrhage-prone cerebral small vessel disease,reflected by cerebral microbleeds(CMBs).Methods:We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Web of Science,EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies published before 1 July 2016.The association between arterial stenosis and CMBs was estimated by the OR and 95%CI.The association of cIMT and CMBs was calculated using the standardised mean difference(SMD).Heterogeneity and publication bias were explored.Results:8 studies including a total of 7160 participants were pooled in the meta-analysis.6 of the included studies were cross-sectional,except that 2 were prospective.We found a significant association between arterial stenosis>50%and the presence of CMBs(OR 1.95,95%CI 1.13 to 3.36,I2=56.1%).A fixed-effects model suggested that patients with CMBs were more likely to have a greater cIMT(SMD 0.20,95%CI 0.11 to 0.28,I2=24.7%).Conclusions:This systematic review and metaanalysis found that there is a relationship between large artery atherosclerosis and CMBs.Future studies are needed to confirm the impact of atherosclerosis on the CMBs,which may have potential therapeutic implications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 82101360,U20A20358,82171270)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(grant number Z200016)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Committee of Science and Technology(grant number Z201100005620010)the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(grant number 2019-12M-5-029).
文摘Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide.Non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke(NCIS),which constitutes the majority of AIS cases,is highly heterogeneous,thus requiring precision medicine treatments.This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying NCIS heterogeneity.We integrated data from the Third China National Stroke Registry,including clinical phenotypes,biomarkers,and whole-genome sequencing data for 7695 patients with NCIS.We identified 30 molecular clusters based on 63 biomarkers and explored the comprehensive landscape of biological heterogeneity and subpopulations in NCIS.Dimensionality reduction revealed fine-scale subpopulation structures associated with specific biomarkers.The subpopulations with biomarkers for inflammation,abnormal liver and kidney function,homocysteine metabolism,lipid metabolism,and gut microbiota metabolism were associated with a high risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes,including stroke recurrence,disability,and mortality.Several genes encoding potential drug targets were identified as putative causal genes that drive the clusters,such as CDK10,ERCC3,and CHEK2.We comprehensively characterized the genetic architecture of these subpopulations,identified their molecular signatures,and revealed the potential of the polybiomarkers and polygenic prediction for assessing clinical outcomes.Our study demonstrates the power of large-scale molecular biomarkers and genomics to understand the underlying biological mechanisms of and advance precision medicine for NCIS.
基金National Key R&D Programme of China(2022YFC2504902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(92046016)+3 种基金Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’Mission Plan(SML20150502)Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2020-0103-3-1)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M 5-029)Beijing Ande Yizhi Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘Background Given the swift advancements in artificial intelligence(AI),the utilisation of AI-based clinical decision support systems(AI-CDSSs)has become increasingly prevalent in the medical domain,particularly in the management of cerebrovascular disease.Aims To describe the design,rationale and methods of a cluster-randomised multifaceted intervention trial aimed at investigating the effect of cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS on the clinical outcomes of patients who had a stroke and on stroke care quality.Design The GOLDEN BRIDGE Ⅱ trial is a multicentre,open-label,cluster-randomised multifaceted intervention study.A total of 80 hospitals in China were randomly assigned to the AI-CDSS intervention group or the control group.For eligible participants with acute ischaemic stroke in the AI-CDSS intervention group,cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS will provide AI-assisted imaging analysis,auxiliary stroke aetiology and pathogenesis analysis,and guideline-based treatment recommendations.In the control group,patients will receive the usual care.The primary outcome is the occurrence of new vascular events(composite of ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction or vascular death)at 3 months after stroke onset.The sample size was estimated to be 21689 with a 26%relative reduction in the incidence of new composite vascular events at 3 months by using multiple quality-improving interventions provided by AI-CDSS.All analyses will be performed according to the intention-to-treat principle and accounted for clustering using generalised estimating equations.Conclusions Once the effectiveness is verified,the cerebrovascular disease AI-CDSS could improve stroke care and outcomes in China.Trial registration number NCT04524624.
