Fig.1.The GenomeSyn tool for visualizing genome synteny and characterizing structural variations.A:The first synteny visualization map showed the detailed information of two or three genomes and can display structural...Fig.1.The GenomeSyn tool for visualizing genome synteny and characterizing structural variations.A:The first synteny visualization map showed the detailed information of two or three genomes and can display structural variations and other annotation information.B:The second type of visualization map was simple and only showed the synteny relationship between the chromosomes of two or three genomes.C:Multiplatform general GenomeSyn submission page,applicable to Windows,MAC and web platforms;other analysis files can be entered in the"other"option.The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.展开更多
AIM:To explore the factors influencing individuals’willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to April 2021 among patients and their family memb...AIM:To explore the factors influencing individuals’willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to April 2021 among patients and their family members at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,in Guangzhou,China.The survey gathered data on respondents’willingness,demographic and socioeconomic profiles,as well as their reasons and concerns regarding engagement in clinical trials.RESULTS:Of the 1078 residents surveyed(mean age 31.2±13.1y;65.8%females)in Guangzhou,749(69.5%)expressed a willingness to participate in future ophthalmic clinical trials.Specific characteristics associated with greater willingness included a younger age,lower annual income,higher education,prior participation experience,previous ophthalmic treatment,and a better understanding of clinical trials.With the exception of age,these characteristics were significantly linked to a higher willingness.The primary barrier to participation,expressed by 64.8%of those willing and 54.4%of those unwilling,was“Uncertain efficacy”.In terms of motivations,the willing group ranked“Better therapeutic benefits”(35.0%),“Professional monitoring”(34.3%),and“Trust in healthcare professionals”(33.1%)as their top three reasons,whereas the unwilling participants indicated“Full comprehension of the protocol”(46.2%)as the key facilitator.CONCLUSION:This study reveals a substantial willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and demonstrates the predictive role of demographic and socioeconomic factors.Variations in motivators and concerns between willing and unwilling participants highlight the significance of tailored recruitment strategies.Importantly,the need for and trust in healthcare professionals stand out as powerful motivations,underscoring the importance of enhancing physician-patient relationships,adopting patient-centered communication approaches,and addressing individualized needs to improve accrual rates.展开更多
The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by SARS-CoV-2 has raised global health concerns.The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease(3CL^pro)enzyme controls coronavirus replication and is es...The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by SARS-CoV-2 has raised global health concerns.The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease(3CL^pro)enzyme controls coronavirus replication and is essential for its life cycle.3CL^pro is a proven drug discovery target in the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV).Recent studies revealed that the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is very similar to that of SARS-CoV.Therefore,herein,we analysed the 3CL^pro sequence,constructed its 3D homology model,and screened it against a medicinal plant library containing 32,297 potential anti-viral phytochemicals/traditional Chinese medicinal compounds.Our analyses revealed that the top nine hits might serve as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimisation and drug development process to combat COVID-19.展开更多
Advances in the next-generation and long-read sequencing technologies have promoted the development of genome-wide comparative genomics analysis,and constructing pangenomes and identifying structural variations(SVs)ar...Advances in the next-generation and long-read sequencing technologies have promoted the development of genome-wide comparative genomics analysis,and constructing pangenomes and identifying structural variations(SVs)are becoming the frontier of genomics.Comparative genomics is of critical importance for determining the gene function and the evolutionary basis of traits.展开更多
Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security.However,high-quality telomere-totelomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now,which has restricted the progr...Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security.However,high-quality telomere-totelomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now,which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava.In this study,we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated,telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety,‘Xinxuan 048’,thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource.Furthermore,the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed.Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes,it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure,transcriptome features,and epigenetic characteristics.Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway.The high heterozygosity of cassava‘Xinxuan 048’leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation.This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.展开更多
The papain-like protease(PLpro)is vital for the replication of coronaviruses(Co Vs),as well as for escaping innate-immune responses of the host.Hence,it has emerged as an attractive antiviral drug-target.In this study...The papain-like protease(PLpro)is vital for the replication of coronaviruses(Co Vs),as well as for escaping innate-immune responses of the host.Hence,it has emerged as an attractive antiviral drug-target.In this study,computational approaches were employed,mainly the structure-based virtual screening coupled with all-atom molecular dynamics(MD)simulations to computationally identify specific inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)PLpro,which can be further developed as potential pan-PLprobased broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.The sequence,structure,and functional conserveness of most deadly human Co Vs PLprowere explored,and it was revealed that functionally important catalytic triad residues are well conserved among SARS-Co V,SARS-Co V-2,and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-Co V).The subsequent screening of a focused protease inhibitors database composed of^7,000 compounds resulted in the identification of three candidate compounds,ADM13083841,LMG15521745,and SYN15517940.These three compounds established conserved interactions which were further explored through MD simulations,free energy calculations,and residual energy contribution estimated by MM-PB(GB)SA method.All these compounds showed stable conformation and interacted well with the active residues of SARS-Co V-2 PLpro,and showed consistent interaction profile with SARS-Co V PLproand MERS-Co V PLproas well.Conclusively,the reported SARS-Co V-2 PLprospecific compounds could serve as seeds for developing potent pan-PLprobased broad-spectrum antiviral drugs against deadly human coronaviruses.Moreover,the presented information related to binding site residual energy contribution could lead to further optimization of these compounds.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of individualized nutritional intervention therapy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:80 GDM inpatients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Med...Objective:To evaluate the effect of individualized nutritional intervention therapy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:80 GDM inpatients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from December 2015 to June 2018 were enrolled.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into 4 groups,with 20 cases in each group.Group 1 used food exchange combined glycemic index method,group 2 used food exchange combined blood glucose load method,group 3 used glycemic index combined with blood glucose load method,group 4 combined glycemic index and blood glucose load method based on food exchange.After the intervention,the changes of blood glucose level,biochemical indexes and fetal growth and development indexes of the four groups were observed.Results:After nutritional intervention,the blood glucose levels of the four groups of patients decreased to varying degrees compared with before the intervention.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the four methods,the blood glucose levels of the four groups of patients were further compared between groups:compared with group 1,group 2,group 4 and group 3,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01 or 0.05).There was significant difference in blood glucose 2 hours after dinner between group 4 and group 1 and group 2(P<0.05).Comparing the biochemical indexes and fetal growth and development indexes of the four groups,the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Individualized nutritional intervention therapy can significantly improve the blood glucose level of GDM patients,and at the same time meet the needs of the mother's own physiology and fetal growth and development.Among them,the nutrition intervention method that combines the glycemic index and the blood glucose load on the basis of the food exchange portion has a better effect on improving the blood glucose level of the patient.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease among older adults[1].Given no Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved treatments or effective interventions to limit its progression,emerging targ...Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease among older adults[1].Given no Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved treatments or effective interventions to limit its progression,emerging targets regulating articular cartilage homeostasis and related strategies are warranted for OA therapeutics.OA is an inflammation-related disease.Recent studies have identified pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)as key regulators in auto-inflammatory diseases[2].Protein kinase R(PKR),one PRR,recognizes long double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs)from viruses or aberrant cellular sources.PKR binding to dsRNAs longer than 33 base pairs(bp)leads to dimerization,autophosphorylation and interferon expression[3].PKR dysregulation is linked to diseases with auto-inflammation and auto-immune features,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)[4],psoriasis[5],Alzheimer’s disease[6,7],and also OA[8].In OA,mitochondrial dsRNAs(mt-dsRNAs)expression and its cytosolic efflux are facilitated in chondrocytes,promoting innate immune activation[8].Mt-dsRNAs are also released into cytosol and extracellular space,where they respectively activate PKR and toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)at the plasma membrane[8].展开更多
Correction:aBIOTECH(2024)5:309-324 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-024-00176-2 The article Inference and prioritization of tissue-specific regulons in Arabidopsis and Oryza,written by Honggang Dai,Yaxin Fan,Yichao Mei,...Correction:aBIOTECH(2024)5:309-324 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-024-00176-2 The article Inference and prioritization of tissue-specific regulons in Arabidopsis and Oryza,written by Honggang Dai,Yaxin Fan,Yichao Mei,Ling-Ling Chen,Junxiang Gao,was originally published Online First without Open Access.After publication in volume 5,issue 3,pages 309–324 the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication.展开更多
Bananas(Musa spp.)are one of the world’s most important fruit crops and play a vital role in food security for many developing countries.Most banana cultivars are triploids derived from inter-and intraspecific hybrid...Bananas(Musa spp.)are one of the world’s most important fruit crops and play a vital role in food security for many developing countries.Most banana cultivars are triploids derived from inter-and intraspecific hybrid-izations between the wild diploid ancestor species Musa acuminate(AA)and M.balbisiana(BB).We report two haplotype-resolved genome assemblies of the representative AAB-cultivated types,Plantain and Silk,and precisely characterize ancestral contributions by examining ancestry mosaics across the genome.Widespread asymmetric evolution is observed in their subgenomes,which can be linked to frequent homol-ogous exchange events.We reveal the genetic makeup of triploid banana cultivars and verify that subge-nome B is a rich source of disease resistance genes.Only 58.5%and 59.4%of Plantain and Silk genes,respectively,are present in all three haplotypes,with>50%of genes being differentially expressed alleles in different subgenomes.We observed that the number of upregulated genes in Plantain is significantly higher than that in Silk at one-week post-inoculation with Fusarium wilt tropical race 4(Foc TR4),which con-firms that Plantain can initiate defense responses faster than Silk.Additionally,we compared genomic and transcriptomic differences among the genes related to carotenoid synthesis and starch metabolism between Plantain and Silk.Our study provides resources for better understanding the genomic architecture of culti-vated bananas and has important implications for Musa genetics and breeding.展开更多
Lewis base catalyzed and Brønsted acid controlled chemodivergent electrophilic selenofunctionalizations of alkynes were developed for the first time.Various selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were readi...Lewis base catalyzed and Brønsted acid controlled chemodivergent electrophilic selenofunctionalizations of alkynes were developed for the first time.Various selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were readily obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete E/Z selectivities.As the substrates were 1-ethynyl naphthol derivatives,linear selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were produced via intermolecular oxygen nucleophilic attack in the absence of acid additive;in contrast,cyclic selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were generated through intramolecular carbon nucleophilic capture with the addition of Brønsted acid.展开更多
The transcriptome serves as a bridge that links genomic variation to phenotypic diversity.A vast number of studies using next-generation RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)over the last 2 decades have emphasized the essential rol...The transcriptome serves as a bridge that links genomic variation to phenotypic diversity.A vast number of studies using next-generation RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)over the last 2 decades have emphasized the essential roles of the plant transcriptome in response to developmental and environmental conditions,providing numerous insights into the dynamic changes,evolutionary traces,and elaborate regulation of the plant transcriptome.With substantial improvement in accuracy and throughput,direct RNA sequencing(DRS)has emerged as a new and powerful sequencing platform for precise detection of native and full-length transcripts,overcoming many limitations such as read length and PCR bias that are inherent to short-read RNA-seq.Here,we review recent advances in dissecting the complexity and diversity of plant transcriptomes using DRS as the main technological approach,covering many aspects of RNA metabolism,including novel isoforms,poly(A)tails,and RNA modification,and we propose a comprehensive workflow for processing of plant DRS data.Many challenges to the application of DRS in plants,such as the need for machine learning tools tailored to plant transcriptomes,remain to be overcome,and together we outline future biological questions that can be addressed by DRS,such as allele-specific RNA modification.This technology provides convenient support on which the connection of distinct RNA features is tightly built,sustainably refining our understanding of the biological functions of the plant transcriptome.展开更多
文摘Fig.1.The GenomeSyn tool for visualizing genome synteny and characterizing structural variations.A:The first synteny visualization map showed the detailed information of two or three genomes and can display structural variations and other annotation information.B:The second type of visualization map was simple and only showed the synteny relationship between the chromosomes of two or three genomes.C:Multiplatform general GenomeSyn submission page,applicable to Windows,MAC and web platforms;other analysis files can be entered in the"other"option.The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.201803010066)the High-level Hospital Construction Project,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University(No.303010202).
文摘AIM:To explore the factors influencing individuals’willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to April 2021 among patients and their family members at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,in Guangzhou,China.The survey gathered data on respondents’willingness,demographic and socioeconomic profiles,as well as their reasons and concerns regarding engagement in clinical trials.RESULTS:Of the 1078 residents surveyed(mean age 31.2±13.1y;65.8%females)in Guangzhou,749(69.5%)expressed a willingness to participate in future ophthalmic clinical trials.Specific characteristics associated with greater willingness included a younger age,lower annual income,higher education,prior participation experience,previous ophthalmic treatment,and a better understanding of clinical trials.With the exception of age,these characteristics were significantly linked to a higher willingness.The primary barrier to participation,expressed by 64.8%of those willing and 54.4%of those unwilling,was“Uncertain efficacy”.In terms of motivations,the willing group ranked“Better therapeutic benefits”(35.0%),“Professional monitoring”(34.3%),and“Trust in healthcare professionals”(33.1%)as their top three reasons,whereas the unwilling participants indicated“Full comprehension of the protocol”(46.2%)as the key facilitator.CONCLUSION:This study reveals a substantial willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and demonstrates the predictive role of demographic and socioeconomic factors.Variations in motivators and concerns between willing and unwilling participants highlight the significance of tailored recruitment strategies.Importantly,the need for and trust in healthcare professionals stand out as powerful motivations,underscoring the importance of enhancing physician-patient relationships,adopting patient-centered communication approaches,and addressing individualized needs to improve accrual rates.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC0845600)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019CFA014)+1 种基金the Starting Research Grant for High-level Talents from Guangxi University,Nanning,ChinaPostdoctoral Research Platform Grant of Guangxi University,Nanning,China.
文摘The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by SARS-CoV-2 has raised global health concerns.The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease(3CL^pro)enzyme controls coronavirus replication and is essential for its life cycle.3CL^pro is a proven drug discovery target in the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV).Recent studies revealed that the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is very similar to that of SARS-CoV.Therefore,herein,we analysed the 3CL^pro sequence,constructed its 3D homology model,and screened it against a medicinal plant library containing 32,297 potential anti-viral phytochemicals/traditional Chinese medicinal compounds.Our analyses revealed that the top nine hits might serve as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimisation and drug development process to combat COVID-19.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100526,31871269)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019CFA014)+1 种基金Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCSW2022038)the starting research grant for High-level Talents from Guangxi University。
文摘Advances in the next-generation and long-read sequencing technologies have promoted the development of genome-wide comparative genomics analysis,and constructing pangenomes and identifying structural variations(SVs)are becoming the frontier of genomics.Comparative genomics is of critical importance for determining the gene function and the evolutionary basis of traits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100526,32270712)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(AD23026047)+4 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001)the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources(SKLCUSA-a202205,SKLCUSA-a03)Ba-Gui Scholar Program of Guangxi(To Z.G.H),the Project of Bama County for Talents in Science and Technology(20220008)Chief Expert of Tuberous Crops Innovation Team in Guangxi Province(nycytxgxcxtd-2023-11-01)the starting research grant for High-level Talents and Innovation and development multiplication plan from Guangxi University(2022BZRC015).
文摘Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security.However,high-quality telomere-totelomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now,which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava.In this study,we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated,telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety,‘Xinxuan 048’,thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource.Furthermore,the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed.Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes,it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure,transcriptome features,and epigenetic characteristics.Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway.The high heterozygosity of cassava‘Xinxuan 048’leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation.This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.
基金the Starting Research Grant for High-level Talents from Guangxi Universitythe Postdoctoral Project from Guangxi University。
文摘The papain-like protease(PLpro)is vital for the replication of coronaviruses(Co Vs),as well as for escaping innate-immune responses of the host.Hence,it has emerged as an attractive antiviral drug-target.In this study,computational approaches were employed,mainly the structure-based virtual screening coupled with all-atom molecular dynamics(MD)simulations to computationally identify specific inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)PLpro,which can be further developed as potential pan-PLprobased broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.The sequence,structure,and functional conserveness of most deadly human Co Vs PLprowere explored,and it was revealed that functionally important catalytic triad residues are well conserved among SARS-Co V,SARS-Co V-2,and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-Co V).The subsequent screening of a focused protease inhibitors database composed of^7,000 compounds resulted in the identification of three candidate compounds,ADM13083841,LMG15521745,and SYN15517940.These three compounds established conserved interactions which were further explored through MD simulations,free energy calculations,and residual energy contribution estimated by MM-PB(GB)SA method.All these compounds showed stable conformation and interacted well with the active residues of SARS-Co V-2 PLpro,and showed consistent interaction profile with SARS-Co V PLproand MERS-Co V PLproas well.Conclusively,the reported SARS-Co V-2 PLprospecific compounds could serve as seeds for developing potent pan-PLprobased broad-spectrum antiviral drugs against deadly human coronaviruses.Moreover,the presented information related to binding site residual energy contribution could lead to further optimization of these compounds.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(No.81860836)Research Cultivation Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College(No.HYFYPY201602)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of individualized nutritional intervention therapy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:80 GDM inpatients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from December 2015 to June 2018 were enrolled.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into 4 groups,with 20 cases in each group.Group 1 used food exchange combined glycemic index method,group 2 used food exchange combined blood glucose load method,group 3 used glycemic index combined with blood glucose load method,group 4 combined glycemic index and blood glucose load method based on food exchange.After the intervention,the changes of blood glucose level,biochemical indexes and fetal growth and development indexes of the four groups were observed.Results:After nutritional intervention,the blood glucose levels of the four groups of patients decreased to varying degrees compared with before the intervention.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the four methods,the blood glucose levels of the four groups of patients were further compared between groups:compared with group 1,group 2,group 4 and group 3,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01 or 0.05).There was significant difference in blood glucose 2 hours after dinner between group 4 and group 1 and group 2(P<0.05).Comparing the biochemical indexes and fetal growth and development indexes of the four groups,the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Individualized nutritional intervention therapy can significantly improve the blood glucose level of GDM patients,and at the same time meet the needs of the mother's own physiology and fetal growth and development.Among them,the nutrition intervention method that combines the glycemic index and the blood glucose load on the basis of the food exchange portion has a better effect on improving the blood glucose level of the patient.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1300501 and 2022YFA0806600)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0570000)+2 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(23DX1900100 and 23DX1900101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202742,82230082,and 81991512)supported by the New Cornerstone Science Foundation.Ling-Ling Chen is a SANS Senior Investigator.
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease among older adults[1].Given no Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved treatments or effective interventions to limit its progression,emerging targets regulating articular cartilage homeostasis and related strategies are warranted for OA therapeutics.OA is an inflammation-related disease.Recent studies have identified pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)as key regulators in auto-inflammatory diseases[2].Protein kinase R(PKR),one PRR,recognizes long double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs)from viruses or aberrant cellular sources.PKR binding to dsRNAs longer than 33 base pairs(bp)leads to dimerization,autophosphorylation and interferon expression[3].PKR dysregulation is linked to diseases with auto-inflammation and auto-immune features,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)[4],psoriasis[5],Alzheimer’s disease[6,7],and also OA[8].In OA,mitochondrial dsRNAs(mt-dsRNAs)expression and its cytosolic efflux are facilitated in chondrocytes,promoting innate immune activation[8].Mt-dsRNAs are also released into cytosol and extracellular space,where they respectively activate PKR and toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)at the plasma membrane[8].
文摘Correction:aBIOTECH(2024)5:309-324 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-024-00176-2 The article Inference and prioritization of tissue-specific regulons in Arabidopsis and Oryza,written by Honggang Dai,Yaxin Fan,Yichao Mei,Ling-Ling Chen,Junxiang Gao,was originally published Online First without Open Access.After publication in volume 5,issue 3,pages 309–324 the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication.
基金funded by the Strategy of Rural Vitalization of Guangdong Provinces (2022-NPY-00-003,2022-NJS-00-001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32270712)+4 种基金the earmarked fund for CARS (CARS-31-01)GDAAS (202102TD,R2020PY-JX002)the Ba-Gui Scholar Program of Guangxi (to Z.-G.H)the Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project (NT2021004)the Maoming Branch Grant (2021TDQD003).
文摘Bananas(Musa spp.)are one of the world’s most important fruit crops and play a vital role in food security for many developing countries.Most banana cultivars are triploids derived from inter-and intraspecific hybrid-izations between the wild diploid ancestor species Musa acuminate(AA)and M.balbisiana(BB).We report two haplotype-resolved genome assemblies of the representative AAB-cultivated types,Plantain and Silk,and precisely characterize ancestral contributions by examining ancestry mosaics across the genome.Widespread asymmetric evolution is observed in their subgenomes,which can be linked to frequent homol-ogous exchange events.We reveal the genetic makeup of triploid banana cultivars and verify that subge-nome B is a rich source of disease resistance genes.Only 58.5%and 59.4%of Plantain and Silk genes,respectively,are present in all three haplotypes,with>50%of genes being differentially expressed alleles in different subgenomes.We observed that the number of upregulated genes in Plantain is significantly higher than that in Silk at one-week post-inoculation with Fusarium wilt tropical race 4(Foc TR4),which con-firms that Plantain can initiate defense responses faster than Silk.Additionally,we compared genomic and transcriptomic differences among the genes related to carotenoid synthesis and starch metabolism between Plantain and Silk.Our study provides resources for better understanding the genomic architecture of culti-vated bananas and has important implications for Musa genetics and breeding.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071149,21871178)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1428200)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning for financial support.
文摘Lewis base catalyzed and Brønsted acid controlled chemodivergent electrophilic selenofunctionalizations of alkynes were developed for the first time.Various selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were readily obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete E/Z selectivities.As the substrates were 1-ethynyl naphthol derivatives,linear selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were produced via intermolecular oxygen nucleophilic attack in the absence of acid additive;in contrast,cyclic selenium-containing tetrasubstituted alkenes were generated through intramolecular carbon nucleophilic capture with the addition of Brønsted acid.
基金Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2024GXNSFGA010003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270712 and 31871269)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(AA23062085).
文摘The transcriptome serves as a bridge that links genomic variation to phenotypic diversity.A vast number of studies using next-generation RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)over the last 2 decades have emphasized the essential roles of the plant transcriptome in response to developmental and environmental conditions,providing numerous insights into the dynamic changes,evolutionary traces,and elaborate regulation of the plant transcriptome.With substantial improvement in accuracy and throughput,direct RNA sequencing(DRS)has emerged as a new and powerful sequencing platform for precise detection of native and full-length transcripts,overcoming many limitations such as read length and PCR bias that are inherent to short-read RNA-seq.Here,we review recent advances in dissecting the complexity and diversity of plant transcriptomes using DRS as the main technological approach,covering many aspects of RNA metabolism,including novel isoforms,poly(A)tails,and RNA modification,and we propose a comprehensive workflow for processing of plant DRS data.Many challenges to the application of DRS in plants,such as the need for machine learning tools tailored to plant transcriptomes,remain to be overcome,and together we outline future biological questions that can be addressed by DRS,such as allele-specific RNA modification.This technology provides convenient support on which the connection of distinct RNA features is tightly built,sustainably refining our understanding of the biological functions of the plant transcriptome.
