(±)-Penicithrones A–D(1a/1b–4a/4b),four novel pairs of anthrone–cyclopentenone heterodimers characterized by a distinctive bridged 6/6/6−5 tetracyclic core skeleton,together with three previously identified co...(±)-Penicithrones A–D(1a/1b–4a/4b),four novel pairs of anthrone–cyclopentenone heterodimers characterized by a distinctive bridged 6/6/6−5 tetracyclic core skeleton,together with three previously identified compounds(5–7),were isolated from the crude extract of the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp.,guided by heteronuclear single quantum correlation(HSQC)-based small molecule accurate recognition technology(SMART 2.0)and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)-based molecular networking.The structural elucidation of new compounds was accomplished through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis,and their absolute configurations were determined using DP4+^(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)calculations and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.Compounds 1a/1b–4a/4b demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines HeLa,HCT116 and MCF-7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values ranging from 15.95±1.64 to 28.56±2.59μmol·L–1.展开更多
The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of ...The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.展开更多
Background:In preclinical research,tumor growth inhibition in subcutaneous models is frequently employed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy;however,such models often lack clinical translatability.Methods:To better appro...Background:In preclinical research,tumor growth inhibition in subcutaneous models is frequently employed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy;however,such models often lack clinical translatability.Methods:To better approximate clinical reality,taking the case of doxorubicin treatment,we utilized an orthotopic transplant and resection(OtR)strategy to systematically assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,adjuvant chem-otherapy,and their combination on tumor growth,recurrence,and malignant progression.Results:Surprisingly,none of the treatments improved mouse survival,with adjuvant therapy even shortening it.Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy delayed preopera-tive tumor growth,and all regimens reduced recurrence rates,none effectively pre-vented metastasis.Furthermore,all treatment groups exhibited weight loss,indicative of chemotherapy-induced cachexia.Conclusions:Collectively,these findings demonstrate that reduced tumor growth in preclinical mouse models does not necessarily translate into overall survival benefit.Our results emphasize the critical importance of prioritizing metastasis prevention over tumor growth inhibition as a key efficacy endpoint in antitumor drug evaluation.展开更多
The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-se...The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-selective electron capture cross sections for the dominant and subdominant reaction channels are calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data.For the total charge transfer cross sections,the present results show better agreements with the available experimental data than the other theoretical ones in the overlapping energy region for both collision systems.For the state-selective cross sections,the present results for 3s and 3p states are in general agreement with the previous MOCC results in the low energy region for both collision systems.Furthermore,the cross sections for electron captured to the 3d,4l and 5l(l=0,1,...,n-1)states of Si^(2+)and Si^(3+)ions are first provided in a broad energy region in our work.These results are useful for the investigations in astrophysics.The datasets presented in this paper,including the total and state-selective electron capture cross sections of Si^(3,4+)+He collisions in 0.01-100 ke V/u,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00257.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,but there is a shortage of effective biomarkers for its diagnosis.AIM To explore blood exosomal micro ribonucleic...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,but there is a shortage of effective biomarkers for its diagnosis.AIM To explore blood exosomal micro ribonucleic acids(miRNAs)as potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis.RESULTS The principal component analysis suggested that daily alcohol consumption could alter the blood exosomal miRNA profiles of hepatitis B virus positive non-HCC patients through miR-3168 and miR-223-3p.The miRNA profiles also revealed the tumor stages of HCC patients.High expression of miR-455-5p and miR-30c-5p,which significantly correlated with better overall survival in tumor tissues,could also be detected in blood exosomes.Two pairs of miRNAs(miR-584-5p/miR-106-3p and miR-628-3p/miR-941)showed a 94.1%sensitivity and 68.4%specificity to differentiate HCC patients from non-HCC patients.The specificity of the combination was substantially influenced by alcohol consumption habits.CONCLUSION This study suggested that blood exosomal miRNAs can be used as new noninvasive diagnostic tools for HCC.However,their accuracy could be affected by tumor stage and alcohol consumption habits.展开更多
In recent years,high-speed railways(HSRs)have developed rapidly with a high transportation capacity and high comfort level.A tunnel is a complex high-speed rail terrain environment.It is very important to establish an...In recent years,high-speed railways(HSRs)have developed rapidly with a high transportation capacity and high comfort level.A tunnel is a complex high-speed rail terrain environment.It is very important to establish an accurate channel propagation model for a railway tunnel environment to improve the safety of HSR operation.In this paper,a method for finite-state Markov chain(FSMC)channel modeling with least squares fitting based on non-uniform interval division is proposed.First,a path loss model is obtained according to measured data.The communication distance between the transmitter and receiver in the tunnel is non-uniformly divided into several large non-overlapping intervals based on the path loss model.Then,the Lloyd-Max quantization method is used to determine the threshold of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and the channel state quantization value and obtain the FSMC state transition probability matrix.Simulation experiments show that the proposed wireless channel model has a low mean square error(MSE)and can accurately predict the received signal power in a railway tunnel environment.展开更多
Skeletal stem/progenitor cell(SSPC)senescence is a major cause of decreased bone regenerative potential with aging,but the causes of SSPC senescence remain unclear.In this study,we revealed that macrophages in calluse...Skeletal stem/progenitor cell(SSPC)senescence is a major cause of decreased bone regenerative potential with aging,but the causes of SSPC senescence remain unclear.In this study,we revealed that macrophages in calluses secrete prosenescent factors,including grancalcin(GCA),during aging,which triggers SSPC senescence and impairs fracture healing.Local injection of human rGCA in young mice induced SSPC senescence and delayed fracture repair.Genetic deletion of Gca in monocytes/macrophages was sufficient to rejuvenate fracture repair in aged mice and alleviate SSPC senescence.Mechanistically,GCA binds to the plexin-B2 receptor and activates Arg2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in cellular senescence.Depletion of Plxnb2 in SSPCs impaired fracture healing.Administration of GCA-neutralizing antibody enhanced fracture healing in aged mice.Thus,our study revealed that senescent macrophages within calluses secrete GCA to trigger SSPC secondary senescence,and GCA neutralization represents a promising therapy for nonunion or delayed union in elderly individuals.展开更多
Heterogenous distribution of crops,feed and livestock across China has halted the circulation of nutrients within the agricultural system and is responsible for massive nutrient losses[1,2].Generated livestock manure ...Heterogenous distribution of crops,feed and livestock across China has halted the circulation of nutrients within the agricultural system and is responsible for massive nutrient losses[1,2].Generated livestock manure exceeded optimal crop requirements in 30%and 50%of over 2300 studied counties when there was improved recycling of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in the food chain,repectively[2].Most of these counties are located in southern and coastal areas,whereas there is a deficit of livestock manure in northern and western China.Such heterogenous distribution of crop-livestock production led to 4.0 Tg manure N and 0.9 Tg manure P[2],which are economically impossible to recycle and will end up in the surrounding environment.In addition,about 40%of feed protein consumed by domestic livestock production relied on importation,putting China’s livestock production supply at high risk in the post pandemic world[3].Hence,China is facing the twin issues of too many manure nutrients but too little feed nutrients simultaneously.展开更多
Debye-screening effects on the electron-impact excitation(EIE)processes for the dipole-allowed transition 1 s_(2)^(1)S→1 s2 p^(1)P in He-like Al^(11+)and Fe^(24+)ions are investigated using the fully relativistic dis...Debye-screening effects on the electron-impact excitation(EIE)processes for the dipole-allowed transition 1 s_(2)^(1)S→1 s2 p^(1)P in He-like Al^(11+)and Fe^(24+)ions are investigated using the fully relativistic distorted-wave methods with the Debye-Huckel(DH)model potential.Debye-screening effects on the continuum-bound(CB)interaction and target ion are discussed,both of which result in reduction of EIE cross sections.This reduction due to screening on the CB interaction is dominant.The non-spherical and spherical DH potentials are adopted for considering the screening effect on the CB interaction.It is found that the spherical DH potential could significantly overestimate the influence of plasma screening on EIE cross sections for multielectron He-like ions.展开更多
The electron excitation processes of H(1s)+He(1s^(2))→H(2s/2p)+He(1s^(2))are studied in impact energy range of 20-2000 e V/u by using the quantum-mechanical molecular orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method.Total and sta...The electron excitation processes of H(1s)+He(1s^(2))→H(2s/2p)+He(1s^(2))are studied in impact energy range of 20-2000 e V/u by using the quantum-mechanical molecular orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method.Total and state-selective cross sections have been obtained and compared with the available theoretical and experimental results.The results agree well with available measurements in the overlapping energy regions overall.The comparison of our results with other theoretical calculations further demonstrates the importance of considering a sufficient number of channels.The datasets presented in this paper,including the excitation cross sections,are openly available at https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00083.展开更多
Turquoise, a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum, is highly valued for its unique colour and historical significance. The similarity in colour, quality, and pattern between turquoises from different localities ma...Turquoise, a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum, is highly valued for its unique colour and historical significance. The similarity in colour, quality, and pattern between turquoises from different localities may lead to confusion in determining their origins. This is particularly evident in the case of turquoises from Meiduk in Iran and Tongling in China(Fig.1).In Iran, turquoise deposits are typically associated with magmatic zones, specifically in the Meiduk mine, located 85 kilometers northwest of the Sar Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit in Kerman Province. The deposit is hosted by Eocene volcanic rocks of andesitic-basaltic composition with porphyry-type mineralization associated with two Miocene calc-alkaline intrusive phases. Five distinct zones of the hypogene alteration include potassic, potassic-phyllic, phyllic, and propylitic zones, which are rich in magnetite. Mineralization processes include stockwork, dissemination, veinlets, and veins rich in garnet, chalcopyrite, magnetite, and anhydrite. Turquoise is found in transitional, leached, and supergene zones, primarily as fracture and seam fillers. In contrast, Chinese turquoises are more often found in sedimentary rocks, with significant exceptions in places like the Tongling mine in Anhui Province, which are hosted within magmatic rocks. The turquoise from Tongling is found in the Tongling area within the Middle-lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, an area characterized by complex tectonics and intense magmatic and metallogenic activities. The turquoise deposits are associated with iron-copper polymetallic mineralization within Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks.The turquoise from Meiduk exhibited a specific gravity range of 2.22 g/cm^(3)to 2.71 g/cm^(3), SWUV fluorescence from none to medium, and LWUV fluorescence from faint to strong, indicating diverse mineralogical compositions. SEM examination of turquoise from Meiduk reveals a variety of mineral morphologies. The turquoise displays closely packed arrays of elongated needle-like crystals, measuring 2 μm to 9 μm in length and 0.1 μm to 0.4 μm in thickness, indicating a dynamic growth environment. The density and alignment of these crystals suggest the space-constrained setting, likely influenced by rapid deposition from mineral-laden fluids, with crystals interlocked due to simultaneous nucleation events. Some crystals appear similarly elongated but are more dispersed, with greater separation between individual crystals. In other areas, the elongated turquoise crystals are tightly intergrown, creating a dense textural appearance, pointing to a stage where growth space became limited, resulting in an interlocking matrix. Additionally, some crystals radiate outward from a central point, forming a spherical pattern reaching about 18 μm. The turquoise from Tongling show a specific gravity range of 2.26 g/cm^(3)to 2.60 g/cm^(3), with consistent medium SWUV fluorescence and strong LWUV fluorescence. SEM examination reveals needle structures, plate-like structures, and spheroidal aggregates composed of needle and plate-like microcrystals. These spherical aggregates, some with diameters around 26 μm, exhibit the concentric growth structure covered by turquoise microcrystals, with crystal lengths of 8 μm. The surface needle-like microcrystals vary in size, approximately 3 μm in length, 2 μm in width, and 0.2 to 0.6 μm in thickness.Optical microscopy, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy reported the presence of quartz, gypsum, iron oxides such as jarosite and goethite, biotite, sericite, pyrite, galena, bornite, graphene oxide, malachite, and azurite as major associated minerals of Meiduk's. In contrast, the Tongling mine features minerals such as quartz, anatase, barite, sodium feldspar, illite, and malachite.Through EPMA and LA-ICP-MS results, the turquoises of Tongling exhibit similar average iron content(1.28% and 1.26% respectively), but significant differences in copper content. The turquoises of Meiduk have the average copper content of 6.97%, whereas Tongling samples show the higher content of 11.38%. Na, K, and Ca concentrations are also higher in Meiduk samples, suggesting interaction with alkali-rich fluids and potassic alteration. Trace elements such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Se, and Mo serve as tracing agents for Meiduk samples, while Be and W are associated with Tongling samples. Regarding rare earth elements(REEs), Meiduk samples show diverse δCe(0.14-4.62) and δEu(0.65-15.78) values, indicating a wide range of oxidation states and europium anomalies. The significant variability in LREE/HREE ratios(0.39-31.74) and ΣREE concentrations(0.25-240.72 ppm) suggests heterogeneous REE fractionation patterns. In contrast, Tongling samples display δCe(0.070-2.51) and δEu(0.238-4.87) ranges, with more consistent LREE/HREE ratios(0.128-10.2) and ΣREE values(0.069-4.08 ppm), indicating stable REE fractionation dynamics.This comparative study of turquoises from the Meiduk mine in Iran and the Tongling mine in China reveals significant similarities and differences in their geochemical and mineralogical characteristics. Both deposits are hosted within magmatic rocks and produce turquoise as a byproduct in open-pit copper mining operations, exhibiting comparable colors, patterns, and morphologies. However, distinct differences are noted in their mineral compositions and trace elements, with turquoise from Meiduk associated with a complex hydrothermal system rich in various sulfide and oxide minerals and higher copper, Na, K, and Ca concentrations, indicating alkali-rich fluid interactions. In contrast, the turquoise from Tongling, influenced by both volcanic and sedimentary processes, shows a higher copper content, presence of barite, and different trace elements such as Be and W. The REE patterns also highlight the contrasting geological histories and environmental conditions at each site, with Meiduk samples showing a broader range of oxidation states and europium anomalies compared to the more stable REE fractionation dynamics in Tongling samples. These differences underscore the importance of detailed geochemical and mineralogical analyses for accurate provenance determination in gemmological and archaeological contexts.展开更多
The chalcone isomerase gene OsCHI,one of the key genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway,plays an important role in rice(Oryza sativa)resistance to abiotic stresses.This study reveals how the chalcone isomerase ge...The chalcone isomerase gene OsCHI,one of the key genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway,plays an important role in rice(Oryza sativa)resistance to abiotic stresses.This study reveals how the chalcone isomerase gene family member OsCHI3 participates in rice responses to drought stress through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis.Overexpression of OsCHI3 increased the tolerance of rice to drought stress.In contrast,CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of OsCHI3 reduced the drought tolerance of rice,an effect that is reversed by exogenous ABA treatment.Transcriptomic and physiological biochemical analyses indicated that flavonoids regulated by OsCHI3 not only scavenge reactive oxygen species(ROS)but also increase drought tolerance in rice by stimulating ABA biosynthesis through the regulation of OsNCED1 and OsABA8ox3 expression.These findings demonstrate that OsCHI3 increases drought stress tolerance in rice by activating the antioxidant defense system and the ABA metabolic pathway,providing new clues for drought-resistant rice breeding research.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is a liver disease based on chronic liver disease,which is significantly influenced by clinical treatment regimen and disease status,and despite the existence of multiple...BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is a liver disease based on chronic liver disease,which is significantly influenced by clinical treatment regimen and disease status,and despite the existence of multiple prognostic assessment indicators for ACLF,the overall sensitivity and accuracy are relatively low.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of the combined detection of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),plasma prothrombin activity(PTA),and serum prealbumin(PA)in ACLF.METHODS This retrospective study included 87 patients with ACLF admitted from February 2021 to February 2023 and categorized them into the survival(n=47)and death(n=40)groups according to their clinical outcomes 3 months posttreatment.All the participants underwent AFP,PTA,and PA level measurements upon admission.Baseline data,as well as AFP,PTA,and PA levels,were comparatively analyzed.Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to analyze the correlations of AFP,PTA,and PA with different survival outcomes in patients with ACLF.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and areas under the curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of AFP,PTA,and PA for ACLF prognosis.RESULTS AFP,PTA,and PA levels were markedly decreased in the death group than in the survival group(P<0.05).Pearson analysis indicated a positive association of the AFP,PTA,and PA levels with the survival of patients with ACLF(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis at 91.24%and 100.00%,respectively,both of which were notably increased compared to the single-index diagnosis.The ROC of their combined diagnosis was 0.989,significantly surpassing 0.907,0.849,and 0.853 of AFP,PTA,and PA,respectively.No statistically significant variance was determined in the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis vs the single detection(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The combined detection of AFP,PTA,and PA levels demonstrates favorable diagnostic value for the short-term prognosis of patients with ACLF,featuring high sensitivity and specificity.展开更多
Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents ca...Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents can effectively alleviate both benign and malignant biliary strictures,but the plastic and metal stents that are currently used cannot degrade and nearly has no beneficial biological effects,therefore their long-term service can result into inflammation,the formation of sludges and re-obstruction of bile duct.In recent years,magnesium(Mg)metal has been received increasing attention in the field of biomedical application due to its excellent biocompatibility,adequate mechanical properties,biodegradability and other advantages,such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.The research on biliary stents made of magnesium metals(BSMM)has also made significant progress and a series of experiments in vitro and vivo has proved their possibility.However,there are still some problems holding back BSMM’s clinical use,including rapid corrosion rate and potential harmful reaction.In this review,we would summarize the current research of BSMM,evaluate their clinical benefits,find the choke points,and discuss the solving method.展开更多
Mechanical stress modulates bone formation and organization of the extracellular matrix(ECM),the interaction of which affects heterotopic ossification(HO).However,the mechanically sensitive cell populations in HO and ...Mechanical stress modulates bone formation and organization of the extracellular matrix(ECM),the interaction of which affects heterotopic ossification(HO).However,the mechanically sensitive cell populations in HO and the underlying mechanism remain elusive.Here,we show that the mechanical protein Polysyctin-1(PC1,Pkd1)regulates CTSK lineage tendon-derived mesenchymal stem cell(TDMSC)fate and ECM organization,thus affecting HO progression.First,we revealed that CTSK lineage TDMSCs are the major source of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in HO and are responsive to mechanical cues via single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and experiments with a lineage tracing mouse model.Moreover,we showed that PC1 mediates the mechanosignal transduction of CTSK lineage TDMSCs to regulate osteogenic and fibrogenic differentiation and alters the ECM architecture by facilitating TAZ nuclear translocation.Conditional gene depletion of Pkd1 or Taz in CTSK lineage cells and pharmaceutical intervention in the PC1-TAZ axis disrupt osteogenesis,fibrogenesis and ECM organization,and consequently attenuate HO progression.These findings suggest that mechanically sensitive CTSK-lineage TDMSCs contribute to heterotopic ossification through PC1-TAZ signaling axis mediated cell fate determination and ECM organization.展开更多
Myosin heavy chain 9(MYH9),a non-muscle myosin heavy chain protein,has been identified as a significant factor in gastrointestinal(GI)oncology,with its overexpression in various GI malignancies such as esophageal,gast...Myosin heavy chain 9(MYH9),a non-muscle myosin heavy chain protein,has been identified as a significant factor in gastrointestinal(GI)oncology,with its overexpression in various GI malignancies such as esophageal,gastric,and co-lorectal cancers being associated with poor prognosis and playing a role in tumor invasion and metastasis.This comprehensive review synthesizes the current body of knowledge regarding MYH9’s role in GI tumors,focusing on its molecular mechanisms,including its interaction with key signaling pathways like the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin axis,which suggests a role in cancer cell survival,proliferation,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.The review also explores MYH9’s potential as a therapeutic target,with preclinical models demonstrating promising results in inhibiting tumor growth and enhancing chemosensitivity.The evidence suggests that MYH9 is a multifaceted protein with significant implications in GI tumor biology,warranting further research to elucidate its mechanisms of action and develop targeted therapies that could improve patient outcomes.展开更多
In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(...In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(CSI),which is difficult to achieve in practice.To be more practical,it is important to investigate covert communications against a warden with uncertain locations and imperfect CSI,which makes it difficult for legitimate transceivers to estimate the detection probability of the warden.First,the uncertainty caused by the unknown warden location must be removed,and the Optimal Detection Position(OPTDP)of the warden is derived which can provide the best detection performance(i.e.,the worst case for a covert communication).Then,to further avoid the impractical assumption of perfect CSI,the covert throughput is maximized using only the channel distribution information.Given this OPTDP based worst case for covert communications,the jammer selection,the jamming power,the transmission power,and the transmission rate are jointly optimized to maximize the covert throughput(OPTDP-JP).To solve this coupling problem,a Heuristic algorithm based on Maximum Distance Ratio(H-MAXDR)is proposed to provide a sub-optimal solution.First,according to the analysis of the covert throughput,the node with the maximum distance ratio(i.e.,the ratio of the distances from the jammer to the receiver and that to the warden)is selected as the friendly jammer(MAXDR).Then,the optimal transmission and jamming power can be derived,followed by the optimal transmission rate obtained via the bisection method.In numerical and simulation results,it is shown that although the location of the warden is unknown,by assuming the OPTDP of the warden,the proposed OPTDP-JP can always satisfy the covertness constraint.In addition,with an uncertain warden and imperfect CSI,the covert throughput provided by OPTDP-JP is 80%higher than the existing schemes when the covertness constraint is 0.9,showing the effectiveness of OPTDP-JP.展开更多
Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed ...Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.展开更多
<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for th...<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of PI in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Methods</strong>: Retrospective collection method is adopted to collect 158 clinical cases of the elderly inpatients with kidney disease aged ≥ 60 in the Nephrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January 2017 to December 2019, and then least absolute shrinkage and selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis is used to analyze 17 possible influence factors;finally Logistic regression model is established to analyze and screen influence factors of risk. <strong>Results</strong>: 1) Among 158 elderly inpatients with medium and high risk of PI, the incidence of PI is 20.25%;the most common stage of injury is stage I (42.5%);sacrococcygeal (60%) is the high-risk site of pressure injury. 2) LASSO regression analysis shows that history of present respiratory infection/respiratory failure (<em>β </em>= 1.2714. <em>P</em> < 0.05) and hospitalization time (<em>β</em> = 0.4177. <em>P </em>< 0.05) are independent factors influencing PI risk in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Concl</strong><strong>usio</strong><strong>n</strong>: The elderly patients with kidney disease and PI risk are the high incidence population of hospital acquired PI;for the elderly inpatients with kidney disease and having respiratory infection history or respiratory failure, prolonged hospitalization will significantly increase the risk of PI. Therefore, targeted preventive and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of PI.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2303100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32022002 and 21977113).
文摘(±)-Penicithrones A–D(1a/1b–4a/4b),four novel pairs of anthrone–cyclopentenone heterodimers characterized by a distinctive bridged 6/6/6−5 tetracyclic core skeleton,together with three previously identified compounds(5–7),were isolated from the crude extract of the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp.,guided by heteronuclear single quantum correlation(HSQC)-based small molecule accurate recognition technology(SMART 2.0)and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)-based molecular networking.The structural elucidation of new compounds was accomplished through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis,and their absolute configurations were determined using DP4+^(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)calculations and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.Compounds 1a/1b–4a/4b demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines HeLa,HCT116 and MCF-7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values ranging from 15.95±1.64 to 28.56±2.59μmol·L–1.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760037)Yunling Scholar Project of Yunnan Province(YNWR-YLXZ-2019-0005)+1 种基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Platform and Talent Program(2018SK4004)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019JJ80048).
文摘The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.
文摘Background:In preclinical research,tumor growth inhibition in subcutaneous models is frequently employed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy;however,such models often lack clinical translatability.Methods:To better approximate clinical reality,taking the case of doxorubicin treatment,we utilized an orthotopic transplant and resection(OtR)strategy to systematically assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,adjuvant chem-otherapy,and their combination on tumor growth,recurrence,and malignant progression.Results:Surprisingly,none of the treatments improved mouse survival,with adjuvant therapy even shortening it.Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy delayed preopera-tive tumor growth,and all regimens reduced recurrence rates,none effectively pre-vented metastasis.Furthermore,all treatment groups exhibited weight loss,indicative of chemotherapy-induced cachexia.Conclusions:Collectively,these findings demonstrate that reduced tumor growth in preclinical mouse models does not necessarily translate into overall survival benefit.Our results emphasize the critical importance of prioritizing metastasis prevention over tumor growth inhibition as a key efficacy endpoint in antitumor drug evaluation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1602504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274040 and U2430208)。
文摘The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-selective electron capture cross sections for the dominant and subdominant reaction channels are calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data.For the total charge transfer cross sections,the present results show better agreements with the available experimental data than the other theoretical ones in the overlapping energy region for both collision systems.For the state-selective cross sections,the present results for 3s and 3p states are in general agreement with the previous MOCC results in the low energy region for both collision systems.Furthermore,the cross sections for electron captured to the 3d,4l and 5l(l=0,1,...,n-1)states of Si^(2+)and Si^(3+)ions are first provided in a broad energy region in our work.These results are useful for the investigations in astrophysics.The datasets presented in this paper,including the total and state-selective electron capture cross sections of Si^(3,4+)+He collisions in 0.01-100 ke V/u,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00257.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide,but there is a shortage of effective biomarkers for its diagnosis.AIM To explore blood exosomal micro ribonucleic acids(miRNAs)as potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis.RESULTS The principal component analysis suggested that daily alcohol consumption could alter the blood exosomal miRNA profiles of hepatitis B virus positive non-HCC patients through miR-3168 and miR-223-3p.The miRNA profiles also revealed the tumor stages of HCC patients.High expression of miR-455-5p and miR-30c-5p,which significantly correlated with better overall survival in tumor tissues,could also be detected in blood exosomes.Two pairs of miRNAs(miR-584-5p/miR-106-3p and miR-628-3p/miR-941)showed a 94.1%sensitivity and 68.4%specificity to differentiate HCC patients from non-HCC patients.The specificity of the combination was substantially influenced by alcohol consumption habits.CONCLUSION This study suggested that blood exosomal miRNAs can be used as new noninvasive diagnostic tools for HCC.However,their accuracy could be affected by tumor stage and alcohol consumption habits.
基金partially supported by Nation Science Foundation of China (61661025, 61661026)Foundation of A hundred Youth Talents Training Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University (152022)
文摘In recent years,high-speed railways(HSRs)have developed rapidly with a high transportation capacity and high comfort level.A tunnel is a complex high-speed rail terrain environment.It is very important to establish an accurate channel propagation model for a railway tunnel environment to improve the safety of HSR operation.In this paper,a method for finite-state Markov chain(FSMC)channel modeling with least squares fitting based on non-uniform interval division is proposed.First,a path loss model is obtained according to measured data.The communication distance between the transmitter and receiver in the tunnel is non-uniformly divided into several large non-overlapping intervals based on the path loss model.Then,the Lloyd-Max quantization method is used to determine the threshold of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and the channel state quantization value and obtain the FSMC state transition probability matrix.Simulation experiments show that the proposed wireless channel model has a low mean square error(MSE)and can accurately predict the received signal power in a railway tunnel environment.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Project No.2019YFA0111900 to C.J.L.and Y.J.,2022YFC3601900 to G.H.L.,2022YFC3601903 to X.H.L.,and 2022YFC3601905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82261160397,82272560,81922017 to C.J.L.and 81930022,91749105 to X.H.L.)+3 种基金the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme,the Research Grants Council(UGC)of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC/RGC Project No.N_CUHK483/22 to Y.J.)the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2023JJ30896 to C.J.L.)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2022SK2023 to C.J.L.)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023RC1027 to C.J.L.,2022RC1009 to J.W,and 2022RC3075 to C.Z.).
文摘Skeletal stem/progenitor cell(SSPC)senescence is a major cause of decreased bone regenerative potential with aging,but the causes of SSPC senescence remain unclear.In this study,we revealed that macrophages in calluses secrete prosenescent factors,including grancalcin(GCA),during aging,which triggers SSPC senescence and impairs fracture healing.Local injection of human rGCA in young mice induced SSPC senescence and delayed fracture repair.Genetic deletion of Gca in monocytes/macrophages was sufficient to rejuvenate fracture repair in aged mice and alleviate SSPC senescence.Mechanistically,GCA binds to the plexin-B2 receptor and activates Arg2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in cellular senescence.Depletion of Plxnb2 in SSPCs impaired fracture healing.Administration of GCA-neutralizing antibody enhanced fracture healing in aged mice.Thus,our study revealed that senescent macrophages within calluses secrete GCA to trigger SSPC secondary senescence,and GCA neutralization represents a promising therapy for nonunion or delayed union in elderly individuals.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0800106)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572210,31872403,71961137011)+5 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences-CAS(QYZDY-SSWSMC014)Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources-CAS(ZD201802)the Key Research Program-CAS(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-053)Hebei Dairy Cattle Innovation Team of Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System,China(HBCT2018120206)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(2019101)Outstanding Young Scientists Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(C2019503054).
文摘Heterogenous distribution of crops,feed and livestock across China has halted the circulation of nutrients within the agricultural system and is responsible for massive nutrient losses[1,2].Generated livestock manure exceeded optimal crop requirements in 30%and 50%of over 2300 studied counties when there was improved recycling of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in the food chain,repectively[2].Most of these counties are located in southern and coastal areas,whereas there is a deficit of livestock manure in northern and western China.Such heterogenous distribution of crop-livestock production led to 4.0 Tg manure N and 0.9 Tg manure P[2],which are economically impossible to recycle and will end up in the surrounding environment.In addition,about 40%of feed protein consumed by domestic livestock production relied on importation,putting China’s livestock production supply at high risk in the post pandemic world[3].Hence,China is facing the twin issues of too many manure nutrients but too little feed nutrients simultaneously.
基金Project supported by the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016001)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grants Nos.2017YFA0403200 and 2017YFA0402300)+1 种基金the Funds for Innovative Fundamental Research Group Project of Gansu Province,China(Grant No.20JR5RA541)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.11774037 and 12064041)。
文摘Debye-screening effects on the electron-impact excitation(EIE)processes for the dipole-allowed transition 1 s_(2)^(1)S→1 s2 p^(1)P in He-like Al^(11+)and Fe^(24+)ions are investigated using the fully relativistic distorted-wave methods with the Debye-Huckel(DH)model potential.Debye-screening effects on the continuum-bound(CB)interaction and target ion are discussed,both of which result in reduction of EIE cross sections.This reduction due to screening on the CB interaction is dominant.The non-spherical and spherical DH potentials are adopted for considering the screening effect on the CB interaction.It is found that the spherical DH potential could significantly overestimate the influence of plasma screening on EIE cross sections for multielectron He-like ions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204288,11934004,and 12274040)
文摘The electron excitation processes of H(1s)+He(1s^(2))→H(2s/2p)+He(1s^(2))are studied in impact energy range of 20-2000 e V/u by using the quantum-mechanical molecular orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method.Total and state-selective cross sections have been obtained and compared with the available theoretical and experimental results.The results agree well with available measurements in the overlapping energy regions overall.The comparison of our results with other theoretical calculations further demonstrates the importance of considering a sufficient number of channels.The datasets presented in this paper,including the excitation cross sections,are openly available at https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00083.
文摘Turquoise, a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum, is highly valued for its unique colour and historical significance. The similarity in colour, quality, and pattern between turquoises from different localities may lead to confusion in determining their origins. This is particularly evident in the case of turquoises from Meiduk in Iran and Tongling in China(Fig.1).In Iran, turquoise deposits are typically associated with magmatic zones, specifically in the Meiduk mine, located 85 kilometers northwest of the Sar Cheshmeh porphyry copper deposit in Kerman Province. The deposit is hosted by Eocene volcanic rocks of andesitic-basaltic composition with porphyry-type mineralization associated with two Miocene calc-alkaline intrusive phases. Five distinct zones of the hypogene alteration include potassic, potassic-phyllic, phyllic, and propylitic zones, which are rich in magnetite. Mineralization processes include stockwork, dissemination, veinlets, and veins rich in garnet, chalcopyrite, magnetite, and anhydrite. Turquoise is found in transitional, leached, and supergene zones, primarily as fracture and seam fillers. In contrast, Chinese turquoises are more often found in sedimentary rocks, with significant exceptions in places like the Tongling mine in Anhui Province, which are hosted within magmatic rocks. The turquoise from Tongling is found in the Tongling area within the Middle-lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, an area characterized by complex tectonics and intense magmatic and metallogenic activities. The turquoise deposits are associated with iron-copper polymetallic mineralization within Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks.The turquoise from Meiduk exhibited a specific gravity range of 2.22 g/cm^(3)to 2.71 g/cm^(3), SWUV fluorescence from none to medium, and LWUV fluorescence from faint to strong, indicating diverse mineralogical compositions. SEM examination of turquoise from Meiduk reveals a variety of mineral morphologies. The turquoise displays closely packed arrays of elongated needle-like crystals, measuring 2 μm to 9 μm in length and 0.1 μm to 0.4 μm in thickness, indicating a dynamic growth environment. The density and alignment of these crystals suggest the space-constrained setting, likely influenced by rapid deposition from mineral-laden fluids, with crystals interlocked due to simultaneous nucleation events. Some crystals appear similarly elongated but are more dispersed, with greater separation between individual crystals. In other areas, the elongated turquoise crystals are tightly intergrown, creating a dense textural appearance, pointing to a stage where growth space became limited, resulting in an interlocking matrix. Additionally, some crystals radiate outward from a central point, forming a spherical pattern reaching about 18 μm. The turquoise from Tongling show a specific gravity range of 2.26 g/cm^(3)to 2.60 g/cm^(3), with consistent medium SWUV fluorescence and strong LWUV fluorescence. SEM examination reveals needle structures, plate-like structures, and spheroidal aggregates composed of needle and plate-like microcrystals. These spherical aggregates, some with diameters around 26 μm, exhibit the concentric growth structure covered by turquoise microcrystals, with crystal lengths of 8 μm. The surface needle-like microcrystals vary in size, approximately 3 μm in length, 2 μm in width, and 0.2 to 0.6 μm in thickness.Optical microscopy, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy reported the presence of quartz, gypsum, iron oxides such as jarosite and goethite, biotite, sericite, pyrite, galena, bornite, graphene oxide, malachite, and azurite as major associated minerals of Meiduk's. In contrast, the Tongling mine features minerals such as quartz, anatase, barite, sodium feldspar, illite, and malachite.Through EPMA and LA-ICP-MS results, the turquoises of Tongling exhibit similar average iron content(1.28% and 1.26% respectively), but significant differences in copper content. The turquoises of Meiduk have the average copper content of 6.97%, whereas Tongling samples show the higher content of 11.38%. Na, K, and Ca concentrations are also higher in Meiduk samples, suggesting interaction with alkali-rich fluids and potassic alteration. Trace elements such as Ti, Cr, Zn, Se, and Mo serve as tracing agents for Meiduk samples, while Be and W are associated with Tongling samples. Regarding rare earth elements(REEs), Meiduk samples show diverse δCe(0.14-4.62) and δEu(0.65-15.78) values, indicating a wide range of oxidation states and europium anomalies. The significant variability in LREE/HREE ratios(0.39-31.74) and ΣREE concentrations(0.25-240.72 ppm) suggests heterogeneous REE fractionation patterns. In contrast, Tongling samples display δCe(0.070-2.51) and δEu(0.238-4.87) ranges, with more consistent LREE/HREE ratios(0.128-10.2) and ΣREE values(0.069-4.08 ppm), indicating stable REE fractionation dynamics.This comparative study of turquoises from the Meiduk mine in Iran and the Tongling mine in China reveals significant similarities and differences in their geochemical and mineralogical characteristics. Both deposits are hosted within magmatic rocks and produce turquoise as a byproduct in open-pit copper mining operations, exhibiting comparable colors, patterns, and morphologies. However, distinct differences are noted in their mineral compositions and trace elements, with turquoise from Meiduk associated with a complex hydrothermal system rich in various sulfide and oxide minerals and higher copper, Na, K, and Ca concentrations, indicating alkali-rich fluid interactions. In contrast, the turquoise from Tongling, influenced by both volcanic and sedimentary processes, shows a higher copper content, presence of barite, and different trace elements such as Be and W. The REE patterns also highlight the contrasting geological histories and environmental conditions at each site, with Meiduk samples showing a broader range of oxidation states and europium anomalies compared to the more stable REE fractionation dynamics in Tongling samples. These differences underscore the importance of detailed geochemical and mineralogical analyses for accurate provenance determination in gemmological and archaeological contexts.
基金supported by Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan province(2024NK1010,2023NK1010,2023ZJ1080)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20208).
文摘The chalcone isomerase gene OsCHI,one of the key genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway,plays an important role in rice(Oryza sativa)resistance to abiotic stresses.This study reveals how the chalcone isomerase gene family member OsCHI3 participates in rice responses to drought stress through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis.Overexpression of OsCHI3 increased the tolerance of rice to drought stress.In contrast,CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of OsCHI3 reduced the drought tolerance of rice,an effect that is reversed by exogenous ABA treatment.Transcriptomic and physiological biochemical analyses indicated that flavonoids regulated by OsCHI3 not only scavenge reactive oxygen species(ROS)but also increase drought tolerance in rice by stimulating ABA biosynthesis through the regulation of OsNCED1 and OsABA8ox3 expression.These findings demonstrate that OsCHI3 increases drought stress tolerance in rice by activating the antioxidant defense system and the ABA metabolic pathway,providing new clues for drought-resistant rice breeding research.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is a liver disease based on chronic liver disease,which is significantly influenced by clinical treatment regimen and disease status,and despite the existence of multiple prognostic assessment indicators for ACLF,the overall sensitivity and accuracy are relatively low.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of the combined detection of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),plasma prothrombin activity(PTA),and serum prealbumin(PA)in ACLF.METHODS This retrospective study included 87 patients with ACLF admitted from February 2021 to February 2023 and categorized them into the survival(n=47)and death(n=40)groups according to their clinical outcomes 3 months posttreatment.All the participants underwent AFP,PTA,and PA level measurements upon admission.Baseline data,as well as AFP,PTA,and PA levels,were comparatively analyzed.Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to analyze the correlations of AFP,PTA,and PA with different survival outcomes in patients with ACLF.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and areas under the curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of AFP,PTA,and PA for ACLF prognosis.RESULTS AFP,PTA,and PA levels were markedly decreased in the death group than in the survival group(P<0.05).Pearson analysis indicated a positive association of the AFP,PTA,and PA levels with the survival of patients with ACLF(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis at 91.24%and 100.00%,respectively,both of which were notably increased compared to the single-index diagnosis.The ROC of their combined diagnosis was 0.989,significantly surpassing 0.907,0.849,and 0.853 of AFP,PTA,and PA,respectively.No statistically significant variance was determined in the sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis vs the single detection(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The combined detection of AFP,PTA,and PA levels demonstrates favorable diagnostic value for the short-term prognosis of patients with ACLF,featuring high sensitivity and specificity.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ31081,2024JJ5619)the Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle(No 32215004).
文摘Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents can effectively alleviate both benign and malignant biliary strictures,but the plastic and metal stents that are currently used cannot degrade and nearly has no beneficial biological effects,therefore their long-term service can result into inflammation,the formation of sludges and re-obstruction of bile duct.In recent years,magnesium(Mg)metal has been received increasing attention in the field of biomedical application due to its excellent biocompatibility,adequate mechanical properties,biodegradability and other advantages,such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.The research on biliary stents made of magnesium metals(BSMM)has also made significant progress and a series of experiments in vitro and vivo has proved their possibility.However,there are still some problems holding back BSMM’s clinical use,including rapid corrosion rate and potential harmful reaction.In this review,we would summarize the current research of BSMM,evaluate their clinical benefits,find the choke points,and discuss the solving method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82261160397,82272560)Central South University Research Programme of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies(2023QYJC011)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82472521,81922017)Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2023JJ30896)Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2022SK2023)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023RC1027)Major Basic Research Projects in Hunan Province(No.2024JC0004)。
文摘Mechanical stress modulates bone formation and organization of the extracellular matrix(ECM),the interaction of which affects heterotopic ossification(HO).However,the mechanically sensitive cell populations in HO and the underlying mechanism remain elusive.Here,we show that the mechanical protein Polysyctin-1(PC1,Pkd1)regulates CTSK lineage tendon-derived mesenchymal stem cell(TDMSC)fate and ECM organization,thus affecting HO progression.First,we revealed that CTSK lineage TDMSCs are the major source of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in HO and are responsive to mechanical cues via single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and experiments with a lineage tracing mouse model.Moreover,we showed that PC1 mediates the mechanosignal transduction of CTSK lineage TDMSCs to regulate osteogenic and fibrogenic differentiation and alters the ECM architecture by facilitating TAZ nuclear translocation.Conditional gene depletion of Pkd1 or Taz in CTSK lineage cells and pharmaceutical intervention in the PC1-TAZ axis disrupt osteogenesis,fibrogenesis and ECM organization,and consequently attenuate HO progression.These findings suggest that mechanically sensitive CTSK-lineage TDMSCs contribute to heterotopic ossification through PC1-TAZ signaling axis mediated cell fate determination and ECM organization.
文摘Myosin heavy chain 9(MYH9),a non-muscle myosin heavy chain protein,has been identified as a significant factor in gastrointestinal(GI)oncology,with its overexpression in various GI malignancies such as esophageal,gastric,and co-lorectal cancers being associated with poor prognosis and playing a role in tumor invasion and metastasis.This comprehensive review synthesizes the current body of knowledge regarding MYH9’s role in GI tumors,focusing on its molecular mechanisms,including its interaction with key signaling pathways like the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin axis,which suggests a role in cancer cell survival,proliferation,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.The review also explores MYH9’s potential as a therapeutic target,with preclinical models demonstrating promising results in inhibiting tumor growth and enhancing chemosensitivity.The evidence suggests that MYH9 is a multifaceted protein with significant implications in GI tumor biology,warranting further research to elucidate its mechanisms of action and develop targeted therapies that could improve patient outcomes.
基金supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research under Grant YSBR-035Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program under Grant BE2021013-2.
文摘In covert communications,joint jammer selection and power optimization are important to improve performance.However,existing schemes usually assume a warden with a known location and perfect Channel State Information(CSI),which is difficult to achieve in practice.To be more practical,it is important to investigate covert communications against a warden with uncertain locations and imperfect CSI,which makes it difficult for legitimate transceivers to estimate the detection probability of the warden.First,the uncertainty caused by the unknown warden location must be removed,and the Optimal Detection Position(OPTDP)of the warden is derived which can provide the best detection performance(i.e.,the worst case for a covert communication).Then,to further avoid the impractical assumption of perfect CSI,the covert throughput is maximized using only the channel distribution information.Given this OPTDP based worst case for covert communications,the jammer selection,the jamming power,the transmission power,and the transmission rate are jointly optimized to maximize the covert throughput(OPTDP-JP).To solve this coupling problem,a Heuristic algorithm based on Maximum Distance Ratio(H-MAXDR)is proposed to provide a sub-optimal solution.First,according to the analysis of the covert throughput,the node with the maximum distance ratio(i.e.,the ratio of the distances from the jammer to the receiver and that to the warden)is selected as the friendly jammer(MAXDR).Then,the optimal transmission and jamming power can be derived,followed by the optimal transmission rate obtained via the bisection method.In numerical and simulation results,it is shown that although the location of the warden is unknown,by assuming the OPTDP of the warden,the proposed OPTDP-JP can always satisfy the covertness constraint.In addition,with an uncertain warden and imperfect CSI,the covert throughput provided by OPTDP-JP is 80%higher than the existing schemes when the covertness constraint is 0.9,showing the effectiveness of OPTDP-JP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U21A20449in part by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program under Grant BE2021013-2。
文摘Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.
文摘<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of PI in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Methods</strong>: Retrospective collection method is adopted to collect 158 clinical cases of the elderly inpatients with kidney disease aged ≥ 60 in the Nephrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January 2017 to December 2019, and then least absolute shrinkage and selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis is used to analyze 17 possible influence factors;finally Logistic regression model is established to analyze and screen influence factors of risk. <strong>Results</strong>: 1) Among 158 elderly inpatients with medium and high risk of PI, the incidence of PI is 20.25%;the most common stage of injury is stage I (42.5%);sacrococcygeal (60%) is the high-risk site of pressure injury. 2) LASSO regression analysis shows that history of present respiratory infection/respiratory failure (<em>β </em>= 1.2714. <em>P</em> < 0.05) and hospitalization time (<em>β</em> = 0.4177. <em>P </em>< 0.05) are independent factors influencing PI risk in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Concl</strong><strong>usio</strong><strong>n</strong>: The elderly patients with kidney disease and PI risk are the high incidence population of hospital acquired PI;for the elderly inpatients with kidney disease and having respiratory infection history or respiratory failure, prolonged hospitalization will significantly increase the risk of PI. Therefore, targeted preventive and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of PI.
