Carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption have become a pressing issue for governments worldwide.Accurate estimation of carbon emissions using satellite remote sensing data has become a crucial research probl...Carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption have become a pressing issue for governments worldwide.Accurate estimation of carbon emissions using satellite remote sensing data has become a crucial research problem.Previous studies relied on statistical regression models that failed to capture the complex nonlinear relationships between carbon emissions and characteristic variables.In this study,we propose a machine learning algorithm for carbon emissions,a Bayesian optimized XGboost regression model,using multi-year energy carbon emission data and nighttime lights(NTL)remote sensing data from Shaanxi Province,China.Our results demonstrate that the XGboost algorithm outperforms linear regression and four other machine learning models,with an R^(2)of 0.906 and RMSE of 5.687.We observe an annual increase in carbon emissions,with high-emission counties primarily concentrated in northern and central Shaanxi Province,displaying a shift from discrete,sporadic points to contiguous,extended spatial distribution.Spatial autocorrelation clustering reveals predominantly high-high and low-low clustering patterns,with economically developed counties showing high-emission clustering and economically relatively backward counties displaying low-emission clustering.Our findings show that the use of NTL data and the XGboost algorithm can estimate and predict carbon emissionsmore accurately and provide a complementary reference for satellite remote sensing image data to serve carbon emission monitoring and assessment.This research provides an important theoretical basis for formulating practical carbon emission reduction policies and contributes to the development of techniques for accurate carbon emission estimation using remote sensing data.展开更多
Aluminum has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases.ALA(α-linolenic acid),an essential dietary component for human health,possesses prominent biological activities.Herein,we aim to explore the neuroprotectiv...Aluminum has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases.ALA(α-linolenic acid),an essential dietary component for human health,possesses prominent biological activities.Herein,we aim to explore the neuroprotective effects of ALA on aluminum toxicity and reveal the underlying mechanism.Results show that aluminum chloride(denoted as Al)enabled cell viability decline and apoptosis with oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cells(PC12)for 24 h incubation.Compared with Al(10 mmol/L)treatment alone,ALA(50μmol/L)pretreatment for 24 h significantly enhanced cell viability by 28.40%,and hindered cell apoptosis by 12.35%,together with recovering redox state balance and alleviating mitochondrial damage.It was measured that ALA treatment upregulated Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated Bax level,accompanied with an expression decline of caspase-3 and caspase-9.Meanwhile,ALA pretreatment was proved to increase protein kinase A(PKA)expression and to promote phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein(p-CREB),resulting in elevation on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).The above results showed that ALA attenuated Al toxicity in PC12 cells by mediating the PKA-CREBBDNF signaling pathway.展开更多
Canolol is a natural polyphenolic compound in rapeseed oil with multiple biological activities.Anti-cancer potential of canolol has been proposed in some studies.However,the effect and underlying mechanism of canolol ...Canolol is a natural polyphenolic compound in rapeseed oil with multiple biological activities.Anti-cancer potential of canolol has been proposed in some studies.However,the effect and underlying mechanism of canolol on human gastric carcinoma(AGS)cells have not been well understood.This study showed that canolol had significant inhibition in proliferation and strongly apoptotic effects in AGS cells,which were verified by the decrease of cell viability,high level of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and damage in mitochondria membrane potential(MMP).Treatment with canolol arrested cells in S phase,and increased expressions of Bax,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3 proteins.Meanwhile,low expression of Bcl-2 and cytochrome C(Cyt C)release were found.The expressions of PI3K(phosphoinositide 3-kinase)and p-AKT(phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase)were also downregulated.Overall,these results suggested that canolol inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in AGS cells by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway,demonstrating a potential in gastric cancer treatment.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to observe the life history and living habits of Scopula subpunctaria in Shandong tea region.[Methods]The occurrence period and duration of each insect state,as well as duration of each insta...[Objectives]The paper was to observe the life history and living habits of Scopula subpunctaria in Shandong tea region.[Methods]The occurrence period and duration of each insect state,as well as duration of each instar larvae in various generations were investigated and statistically analyzed.[Results]There were 6 generations of S.subpunctaria per year in Shandong tea region.Different from southern tea region,S.subpunctaria survived the winter as pupae and larvae in tea trees in Shandong,and the duration of overwintering eggs was greatly affected by temperature.The generations of S.subpunctaria overlapped seriously.[Conclusions]The results provide a basis for the comprehensive treatment of S.subpunctaria in Shandong tea region.展开更多
Lane changing is common in driving.Thus,the possibility of traffic accidents occurring during lane changes is high given the complexity of this process.One of the primary objectives of intelligent driving is to increa...Lane changing is common in driving.Thus,the possibility of traffic accidents occurring during lane changes is high given the complexity of this process.One of the primary objectives of intelligent driving is to increase a vehicle’s behavior,making it more similar to that of a real driver.This study proposes a decision-making framework based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)in a lane-changing scenario,which seeks to find a driving strategy that simultaneously considers the expected lane-changing risks and gains.First,a fuzzy logic lane-changing controller is designed.It outputs the corresponding safety and lane-change gain weights by inputting relevant driving parameters.Second,the obtained weights are brought into the constructed reward function of DRL.The model parameters are designed and trained on the basis of lane-changing behavior.Finally,we conducted experiments in a simulator to evaluate the performance of our developed algorithm in urban scenarios.To visualize and validate the estimated driving intentions,lane-changing strategies were tested under four scenarios.The results show that the average improvement in travel efficiency in the four scenarios is 19%.In addition,the average accident rate in the four scenarios increased by only 4%.We combine fuzzy logic and DRL reward functions to personify the lane-changing behavior of intelligent driving.Compared with conservative strategies that prioritize only safety,this method can considerably improve the number of lane changes and travel efficiency for autonomous vehicles(AVs)on the premise of ensuring safety.The approach provides an effective and explainable method designed for facilitating intelligent driving lane-changing behavior.展开更多
AIM To explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction(TPSJ) on the epithelial barriers in vitro. METHODS Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with or without ...AIM To explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction(TPSJ) on the epithelial barriers in vitro. METHODS Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with or without TPSJ in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) were measured to evaluate the epithelial barrier function. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were respecti-vely used to evaluate the distribution and expression of the tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin in Caco-2 cells. western blotting was also used to evaluate the cellular expression of myosin light chain(MLC), phosphorylated MLC(pM LC), MLC kinase(MLCK), and nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65. RESULTS TPSJ promoted the proliferation of Caco-2 cells and inhibited TNF-α-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cyto-kines. Furthermore, TPSJ significantly ameliorated both the reduction of TEER and the increased paracellular permeability observed in tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-damaged Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, TPSJ remarkably attenuated TNF-α-induced morphological changes, downregulated the expression of claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin, and markedly suppressed TNF-α-mediated upregulation of p-MLC and MLCK expression. Finally, TPSJ inhibited the activation and expression of NF-κB p65. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that TPSJ alleviates the TNF-α-induced impairment of the intestinal epithelial cell barrier function by suppressing NF-κB p65-mediated phosphorylation of MLCK and MLC.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program in Shaanxi Province,China(No.2022ZDLSF07-05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(No.300102352901)。
文摘Carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption have become a pressing issue for governments worldwide.Accurate estimation of carbon emissions using satellite remote sensing data has become a crucial research problem.Previous studies relied on statistical regression models that failed to capture the complex nonlinear relationships between carbon emissions and characteristic variables.In this study,we propose a machine learning algorithm for carbon emissions,a Bayesian optimized XGboost regression model,using multi-year energy carbon emission data and nighttime lights(NTL)remote sensing data from Shaanxi Province,China.Our results demonstrate that the XGboost algorithm outperforms linear regression and four other machine learning models,with an R^(2)of 0.906 and RMSE of 5.687.We observe an annual increase in carbon emissions,with high-emission counties primarily concentrated in northern and central Shaanxi Province,displaying a shift from discrete,sporadic points to contiguous,extended spatial distribution.Spatial autocorrelation clustering reveals predominantly high-high and low-low clustering patterns,with economically developed counties showing high-emission clustering and economically relatively backward counties displaying low-emission clustering.Our findings show that the use of NTL data and the XGboost algorithm can estimate and predict carbon emissionsmore accurately and provide a complementary reference for satellite remote sensing image data to serve carbon emission monitoring and assessment.This research provides an important theoretical basis for formulating practical carbon emission reduction policies and contributes to the development of techniques for accurate carbon emission estimation using remote sensing data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972041, 32101955)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-12)+1 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAASASTIP-2016-OCRI)the Key Scientific Research Projects of Hubei Province (2020BCA086)
文摘Aluminum has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases.ALA(α-linolenic acid),an essential dietary component for human health,possesses prominent biological activities.Herein,we aim to explore the neuroprotective effects of ALA on aluminum toxicity and reveal the underlying mechanism.Results show that aluminum chloride(denoted as Al)enabled cell viability decline and apoptosis with oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cells(PC12)for 24 h incubation.Compared with Al(10 mmol/L)treatment alone,ALA(50μmol/L)pretreatment for 24 h significantly enhanced cell viability by 28.40%,and hindered cell apoptosis by 12.35%,together with recovering redox state balance and alleviating mitochondrial damage.It was measured that ALA treatment upregulated Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated Bax level,accompanied with an expression decline of caspase-3 and caspase-9.Meanwhile,ALA pretreatment was proved to increase protein kinase A(PKA)expression and to promote phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein(p-CREB),resulting in elevation on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).The above results showed that ALA attenuated Al toxicity in PC12 cells by mediating the PKA-CREBBDNF signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972041, 31601438)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2019CFB583)+2 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2013-OCRI)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-13)National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0401401)
文摘Canolol is a natural polyphenolic compound in rapeseed oil with multiple biological activities.Anti-cancer potential of canolol has been proposed in some studies.However,the effect and underlying mechanism of canolol on human gastric carcinoma(AGS)cells have not been well understood.This study showed that canolol had significant inhibition in proliferation and strongly apoptotic effects in AGS cells,which were verified by the decrease of cell viability,high level of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and damage in mitochondria membrane potential(MMP).Treatment with canolol arrested cells in S phase,and increased expressions of Bax,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3 proteins.Meanwhile,low expression of Bcl-2 and cytochrome C(Cyt C)release were found.The expressions of PI3K(phosphoinositide 3-kinase)and p-AKT(phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase)were also downregulated.Overall,these results suggested that canolol inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in AGS cells by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway,demonstrating a potential in gastric cancer treatment.
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to observe the life history and living habits of Scopula subpunctaria in Shandong tea region.[Methods]The occurrence period and duration of each insect state,as well as duration of each instar larvae in various generations were investigated and statistically analyzed.[Results]There were 6 generations of S.subpunctaria per year in Shandong tea region.Different from southern tea region,S.subpunctaria survived the winter as pupae and larvae in tea trees in Shandong,and the duration of overwintering eggs was greatly affected by temperature.The generations of S.subpunctaria overlapped seriously.[Conclusions]The results provide a basis for the comprehensive treatment of S.subpunctaria in Shandong tea region.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372407)the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project(No.20230402064GH).
文摘Lane changing is common in driving.Thus,the possibility of traffic accidents occurring during lane changes is high given the complexity of this process.One of the primary objectives of intelligent driving is to increase a vehicle’s behavior,making it more similar to that of a real driver.This study proposes a decision-making framework based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)in a lane-changing scenario,which seeks to find a driving strategy that simultaneously considers the expected lane-changing risks and gains.First,a fuzzy logic lane-changing controller is designed.It outputs the corresponding safety and lane-change gain weights by inputting relevant driving parameters.Second,the obtained weights are brought into the constructed reward function of DRL.The model parameters are designed and trained on the basis of lane-changing behavior.Finally,we conducted experiments in a simulator to evaluate the performance of our developed algorithm in urban scenarios.To visualize and validate the estimated driving intentions,lane-changing strategies were tested under four scenarios.The results show that the average improvement in travel efficiency in the four scenarios is 19%.In addition,the average accident rate in the four scenarios increased by only 4%.We combine fuzzy logic and DRL reward functions to personify the lane-changing behavior of intelligent driving.Compared with conservative strategies that prioritize only safety,this method can considerably improve the number of lane changes and travel efficiency for autonomous vehicles(AVs)on the premise of ensuring safety.The approach provides an effective and explainable method designed for facilitating intelligent driving lane-changing behavior.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81202635the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Chinese Medicine,No.20151244
文摘AIM To explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of total polysaccharides of the Sijunzi decoction(TPSJ) on the epithelial barriers in vitro. METHODS Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with or without TPSJ in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) were measured to evaluate the epithelial barrier function. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were respecti-vely used to evaluate the distribution and expression of the tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin in Caco-2 cells. western blotting was also used to evaluate the cellular expression of myosin light chain(MLC), phosphorylated MLC(pM LC), MLC kinase(MLCK), and nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65. RESULTS TPSJ promoted the proliferation of Caco-2 cells and inhibited TNF-α-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cyto-kines. Furthermore, TPSJ significantly ameliorated both the reduction of TEER and the increased paracellular permeability observed in tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-damaged Caco-2 monolayers. Furthermore, TPSJ remarkably attenuated TNF-α-induced morphological changes, downregulated the expression of claudin 1, claudin 2, zo3, and occludin, and markedly suppressed TNF-α-mediated upregulation of p-MLC and MLCK expression. Finally, TPSJ inhibited the activation and expression of NF-κB p65. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that TPSJ alleviates the TNF-α-induced impairment of the intestinal epithelial cell barrier function by suppressing NF-κB p65-mediated phosphorylation of MLCK and MLC.
