CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrali...CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality'goals.Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to produce liquid fuels is of great significance for both CO_(2)reduction and storage/transportation of high-value chemicals.However,so far,there is no relevant literature to summarize photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion to obtain liquid products.Based on the thermodynamic examination of the catalytic process and basic principles guiding the design of the photocatalysts,this review summarized photocatalysts for the CO_(2)conversion into four liquid products:formic acid,methanol,acetic acid and ethanol.Based on this,strategic development goals are outlined,and innovative strategies are proposed to enhance the efficiency and product selectivity of photocatalysts in converting CO_(2)into liquid products.This review will serve as a valuable reference for CO_(2)photo conversion into liquid products.展开更多
This paper proposes a theoretical method using finite element analysis(FEA) to calculate the plastic collapse loads of pressure vessels under internal pressure,and compares the analytical methods according to three cr...This paper proposes a theoretical method using finite element analysis(FEA) to calculate the plastic collapse loads of pressure vessels under internal pressure,and compares the analytical methods according to three criteria stated in the ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code. First,a finite element technique using the arc-length algorithm and the restart analysis is developed to conduct the plastic collapse analysis of vessels,which includes the material and geometry non-linear properties of vessels. Second,as the mechanical properties of vessels are assumed to be elastic-perfectly plastic,the limit load analysis is performed by em-ploying the Newton-Raphson algorithm,while the limit pressure of vessels is obtained by the twice-elastic-slope method and the tangent intersection method respectively to avoid excessive deformation. Finally,the elastic stress analysis under working pressure is conducted and the stress strength of vessels is checked by sorting the stress results. The results are compared with those obtained by experiments and other existing models. This work provides a reference for the selection of the failure criteria and the calculation of the plastic collapse load.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279060 and 21975129)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20211103)+1 种基金the Start-up Funds for Scientific Research of Nanjing Forestry University(No.163101160)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.JC2019002)
文摘CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality'goals.Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to produce liquid fuels is of great significance for both CO_(2)reduction and storage/transportation of high-value chemicals.However,so far,there is no relevant literature to summarize photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion to obtain liquid products.Based on the thermodynamic examination of the catalytic process and basic principles guiding the design of the photocatalysts,this review summarized photocatalysts for the CO_(2)conversion into four liquid products:formic acid,methanol,acetic acid and ethanol.Based on this,strategic development goals are outlined,and innovative strategies are proposed to enhance the efficiency and product selectivity of photocatalysts in converting CO_(2)into liquid products.This review will serve as a valuable reference for CO_(2)photo conversion into liquid products.
基金Project (Nos. 2006BAK04A02-02 and 2006BAK02B02-08) supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program, China
文摘This paper proposes a theoretical method using finite element analysis(FEA) to calculate the plastic collapse loads of pressure vessels under internal pressure,and compares the analytical methods according to three criteria stated in the ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code. First,a finite element technique using the arc-length algorithm and the restart analysis is developed to conduct the plastic collapse analysis of vessels,which includes the material and geometry non-linear properties of vessels. Second,as the mechanical properties of vessels are assumed to be elastic-perfectly plastic,the limit load analysis is performed by em-ploying the Newton-Raphson algorithm,while the limit pressure of vessels is obtained by the twice-elastic-slope method and the tangent intersection method respectively to avoid excessive deformation. Finally,the elastic stress analysis under working pressure is conducted and the stress strength of vessels is checked by sorting the stress results. The results are compared with those obtained by experiments and other existing models. This work provides a reference for the selection of the failure criteria and the calculation of the plastic collapse load.
