Obesity is a chronic,multifactorial disease closely linked to a spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders,with its global prevalence rising at an alarming rate.In recent years,minimally invasive,safe,and effective endosco...Obesity is a chronic,multifactorial disease closely linked to a spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders,with its global prevalence rising at an alarming rate.In recent years,minimally invasive,safe,and effective endoscopic bariatric therapies have gained significant attention as alternatives to conventional surgical interventions.This review provides a comprehensive overview of various endoscopic weight-loss procedures,evaluating their advantages and limitations in comparison to surgical approaches to assist clinicians in optimizing patientspecific treatment strategies.Endoscopic bariatric therapies,including intragastric balloons,duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeves,endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,gastric remodeling procedures,and interventions aimed at delaying gastric emptying are systematically reviewed.The efficacy,safety profiles,and clinical applicability are all synthesized.Endoscopic bariatric therapies exhibit distinct advantages and limitations,with varying indications and contraindications.As part of a multidisciplinary approach to obesity management,these procedures should be integrated with lifestyle modifications and nutritional counseling to maximize therapeutic benefits.Future research should focus on the long-term efficacy,safety,and patient-reported outcomes to refine clinical practice and optimize the role of endoscopic interventions in obesity treatment.展开更多
Digestive endoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases.However,the anatomical complexity of specific lesions increases the difficulty of these operations,resulting in complicatio...Digestive endoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases.However,the anatomical complexity of specific lesions increases the difficulty of these operations,resulting in complications or treatment failure.Although various strategies,such as floss traction and the application of transparent caps,have been explored,their effectiveness remains limited due to individual differences in patients’anatomical characteristics.The multibending(MB)endoscope represents a significant innovation as it is a conventional endoscope with an additional bending section and dual channels.Currently,this technology has been applied in gastroscopy,duodenoscopy and peroral cholangioscopy.The bending part of the endoscope facilitates its passage into difficult-to-reach anatomical regions and improves operating angles,thereby enhancing surgical precision and efficiency while reducing complication rates.Furthermore,the dualchannel design accelerates procedural workflows and increases operational versatility.This innovation is poised to transform endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases.Since the MB endoscope is relatively new,further research is needed to comprehensively explore its benefits for and potential in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment.The aim of this review is to summarize the current research,indications,and future directions of MB endoscope.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a rare disease,and only a few cases have been reported to date.It has no specific clinical presentations and shows various endoscopic appearance...BACKGROUND Colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a rare disease,and only a few cases have been reported to date.It has no specific clinical presentations and shows various endoscopic appearances.There is no uniform consensus on its treatment.With the advancement of endoscopic technology,endoscopic treatment has achieved better results in individual case reports of early-stage patients.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of rectal MALT in a 57-year-old Chinese man with no symptoms who received endoscopy as part of a routine physical examination,which incidentally found a 25 mm×20 mm,laterally spreading tumor(LST)-like elevated lesion in the rectum.Therefore,he was referred to our hospital for further endoscopic treatment.Complete and curable removal of the tumor was performed by endoscopic submucosal dissection.We observed enlarged and dilated branch-like vessels similar to those of gastric MALT lymphoma on magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging.And immunopathological staining showed hyperplastic capillaries in the mucosa.Histopathological findings revealed diffusely hyperplastic lymphoid tissue in the lamina propria,with a visible lymphoid follicle structure surrounded by a large number of diffusely infiltrated lymphoid cells that had a relatively simple morphology and clear cytoplasm.In addition,immunohistochemical analysis suggested strongly positive expression for CD20 and Bcl-2.Gene rearrangement results showed positivity for IGH-A,IGH-C,IGK-B,and IGL.Taking all the above findings together,we arrived at a diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT lymphoma. Positron emission tomography-computed tomographyexamination showed no other lesions involved. The patient will be followed byperiodic endoscopic observation.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, we report a case of rectal MALT with an LST-like appearancetreated by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Further studies will be needed toexplore the clinical behavior, endoscopic appearance, and treatment of rectalMALT.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide owing to its late diagnosis,early metastasis,and poor prognosis.Because current therapeutic options are limited,there is an urgent need to investigat...Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide owing to its late diagnosis,early metastasis,and poor prognosis.Because current therapeutic options are limited,there is an urgent need to investigate novel targeted treatment strategies.Pancreatic cancer faces significant metabolic challenges,principally hypoxia and nutrient deprivation,due to specific microenvironmental constraints,including an extensive desmoplastic stromal reaction.Pancreatic cancer cells have been shown to rewire their metabolism and energy production networks to support rapid survival and proliferation.Increased glucose uptake and glycolytic pathway activity during this process have been extensively described.However,growing evidence suggests that pancreatic cancer cells are glutamine addicted.As a nitrogen source,glutamine directly(or indirectly via glutamate conversion)contributes to many anabolic processes in pancreatic cancer,including amino acids,nucleobases,and hexosamine biosynthesis.It also plays an important role in redox homeostasis,and when converted toα-ketoglutarate,glutamine serves as an energy and anaplerotic carbon source,replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of glutamine metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer,focusing on potential therapeutic approaches targeting glutamine metabolism in pancreatic cancer.展开更多
Gastric signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma(GSRC)is an unfavorable subtype of gastric cancer(GC)that presents with greater invasiveness and poorer prognosis in advanced stage than other types of GC.However,GSRC in earl...Gastric signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma(GSRC)is an unfavorable subtype of gastric cancer(GC)that presents with greater invasiveness and poorer prognosis in advanced stage than other types of GC.However,GSRC in early stage is often considered an indicator of less lymph node metastasis and more satisfying clinical outcome compared to poorly differentiated GC.Therefore,the detection and diagnosis of GSRC at early stage undoubtedly play a crucial role in the management of GSRC patients.In recent years,technological advancement in endoscopy including narrow-band imaging and magnifying endoscopy has significantly improved the accuracy and sensitivity of the diagnosis under endoscopy for GSRC patients.Researches have confirmed that early stage GSRC that meets the expanded criteria of endoscopic resection showed comparable outcomes to surgery after receiving endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),indicating that ESD could be considered standard treatment for GSRC after thorough selection and evaluation.This article summarizes the current knowledge and updates pertaining to the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early stage signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma.展开更多
The emerging applications of composite gels as thermal interface ma-terials(TIMs)for chip heat dissipation in intelligent vehicle and wear-able devices require high thermal conductivity and remarkable damp-ing propert...The emerging applications of composite gels as thermal interface ma-terials(TIMs)for chip heat dissipation in intelligent vehicle and wear-able devices require high thermal conductivity and remarkable damp-ing properties.However,thermal conductivity and damping proper-ties are usually correlated and coupled each other.Here,inspired by Maxwell theory and adhesion mechanism of gecko’s setae,we present a strategy to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane-based composite gels in-tegrating high thermal conductivity and remarkable damping prop-erties over a broad frequency and temperature range.The multiple relaxation modes of dangling chains and the dynamic interaction be-tween the dangling chains and aluminum fillers can efficiently dis-sipate the vibration energy,endowing the composite gels with ultra-high damping property(tanδ>0.3)over a broad frequency(0.01-100 Hz)and temperature range(-50-150°C),which exceeds typi-cal state-of-the-art damping materials.The dangling chains also com-fort to the interfaces between polymer matrix and aluminum via van der Waals interaction,resulting in high thermal conductivity(4.72±0.04 W m-1 K-1).Using the polydimethylsiloxane-based composite gel as TIMs,we demonstrate effective heat dissipation in chip oper-ating under vigorous vibrations.We believe that our strategy could be applied to a wide range of composite gels and lead to the devel-opment of high-performance composite gels as TIMs for chip heat dissipation.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81602056 and No.82273393the Young Talents Promotion Project of Shandong Medical Association in 2023,No.2023-GJ-0087.
文摘Obesity is a chronic,multifactorial disease closely linked to a spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders,with its global prevalence rising at an alarming rate.In recent years,minimally invasive,safe,and effective endoscopic bariatric therapies have gained significant attention as alternatives to conventional surgical interventions.This review provides a comprehensive overview of various endoscopic weight-loss procedures,evaluating their advantages and limitations in comparison to surgical approaches to assist clinicians in optimizing patientspecific treatment strategies.Endoscopic bariatric therapies,including intragastric balloons,duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeves,endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,gastric remodeling procedures,and interventions aimed at delaying gastric emptying are systematically reviewed.The efficacy,safety profiles,and clinical applicability are all synthesized.Endoscopic bariatric therapies exhibit distinct advantages and limitations,with varying indications and contraindications.As part of a multidisciplinary approach to obesity management,these procedures should be integrated with lifestyle modifications and nutritional counseling to maximize therapeutic benefits.Future research should focus on the long-term efficacy,safety,and patient-reported outcomes to refine clinical practice and optimize the role of endoscopic interventions in obesity treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81602056 and No.82273393the Young Talents Promotion Project of Shandong Medical Association in 2023,No.2023_GJ_0087.
文摘Digestive endoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases.However,the anatomical complexity of specific lesions increases the difficulty of these operations,resulting in complications or treatment failure.Although various strategies,such as floss traction and the application of transparent caps,have been explored,their effectiveness remains limited due to individual differences in patients’anatomical characteristics.The multibending(MB)endoscope represents a significant innovation as it is a conventional endoscope with an additional bending section and dual channels.Currently,this technology has been applied in gastroscopy,duodenoscopy and peroral cholangioscopy.The bending part of the endoscope facilitates its passage into difficult-to-reach anatomical regions and improves operating angles,thereby enhancing surgical precision and efficiency while reducing complication rates.Furthermore,the dualchannel design accelerates procedural workflows and increases operational versatility.This innovation is poised to transform endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases.Since the MB endoscope is relatively new,further research is needed to comprehensively explore its benefits for and potential in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment.The aim of this review is to summarize the current research,indications,and future directions of MB endoscope.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a rare disease,and only a few cases have been reported to date.It has no specific clinical presentations and shows various endoscopic appearances.There is no uniform consensus on its treatment.With the advancement of endoscopic technology,endoscopic treatment has achieved better results in individual case reports of early-stage patients.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of rectal MALT in a 57-year-old Chinese man with no symptoms who received endoscopy as part of a routine physical examination,which incidentally found a 25 mm×20 mm,laterally spreading tumor(LST)-like elevated lesion in the rectum.Therefore,he was referred to our hospital for further endoscopic treatment.Complete and curable removal of the tumor was performed by endoscopic submucosal dissection.We observed enlarged and dilated branch-like vessels similar to those of gastric MALT lymphoma on magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging.And immunopathological staining showed hyperplastic capillaries in the mucosa.Histopathological findings revealed diffusely hyperplastic lymphoid tissue in the lamina propria,with a visible lymphoid follicle structure surrounded by a large number of diffusely infiltrated lymphoid cells that had a relatively simple morphology and clear cytoplasm.In addition,immunohistochemical analysis suggested strongly positive expression for CD20 and Bcl-2.Gene rearrangement results showed positivity for IGH-A,IGH-C,IGK-B,and IGL.Taking all the above findings together,we arrived at a diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT lymphoma. Positron emission tomography-computed tomographyexamination showed no other lesions involved. The patient will be followed byperiodic endoscopic observation.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, we report a case of rectal MALT with an LST-like appearancetreated by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Further studies will be needed toexplore the clinical behavior, endoscopic appearance, and treatment of rectalMALT.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81602056 and No.82273393the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2016HQ45 and No.ZR2020LZL004the Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project,No.2021M161.
文摘Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide owing to its late diagnosis,early metastasis,and poor prognosis.Because current therapeutic options are limited,there is an urgent need to investigate novel targeted treatment strategies.Pancreatic cancer faces significant metabolic challenges,principally hypoxia and nutrient deprivation,due to specific microenvironmental constraints,including an extensive desmoplastic stromal reaction.Pancreatic cancer cells have been shown to rewire their metabolism and energy production networks to support rapid survival and proliferation.Increased glucose uptake and glycolytic pathway activity during this process have been extensively described.However,growing evidence suggests that pancreatic cancer cells are glutamine addicted.As a nitrogen source,glutamine directly(or indirectly via glutamate conversion)contributes to many anabolic processes in pancreatic cancer,including amino acids,nucleobases,and hexosamine biosynthesis.It also plays an important role in redox homeostasis,and when converted toα-ketoglutarate,glutamine serves as an energy and anaplerotic carbon source,replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of glutamine metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer,focusing on potential therapeutic approaches targeting glutamine metabolism in pancreatic cancer.
文摘Gastric signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma(GSRC)is an unfavorable subtype of gastric cancer(GC)that presents with greater invasiveness and poorer prognosis in advanced stage than other types of GC.However,GSRC in early stage is often considered an indicator of less lymph node metastasis and more satisfying clinical outcome compared to poorly differentiated GC.Therefore,the detection and diagnosis of GSRC at early stage undoubtedly play a crucial role in the management of GSRC patients.In recent years,technological advancement in endoscopy including narrow-band imaging and magnifying endoscopy has significantly improved the accuracy and sensitivity of the diagnosis under endoscopy for GSRC patients.Researches have confirmed that early stage GSRC that meets the expanded criteria of endoscopic resection showed comparable outcomes to surgery after receiving endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),indicating that ESD could be considered standard treatment for GSRC after thorough selection and evaluation.This article summarizes the current knowledge and updates pertaining to the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early stage signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB040176)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52073300 and 62104161)+3 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019354)Guangdong Province Key Field R&D Program Project(No.2020B010190004),Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Funding(No.JCYJ20200109114401708)Key Project of Science and Technol-ogy of Changsha(kq2102005)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory(2014B030301014).
文摘The emerging applications of composite gels as thermal interface ma-terials(TIMs)for chip heat dissipation in intelligent vehicle and wear-able devices require high thermal conductivity and remarkable damp-ing properties.However,thermal conductivity and damping proper-ties are usually correlated and coupled each other.Here,inspired by Maxwell theory and adhesion mechanism of gecko’s setae,we present a strategy to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane-based composite gels in-tegrating high thermal conductivity and remarkable damping prop-erties over a broad frequency and temperature range.The multiple relaxation modes of dangling chains and the dynamic interaction be-tween the dangling chains and aluminum fillers can efficiently dis-sipate the vibration energy,endowing the composite gels with ultra-high damping property(tanδ>0.3)over a broad frequency(0.01-100 Hz)and temperature range(-50-150°C),which exceeds typi-cal state-of-the-art damping materials.The dangling chains also com-fort to the interfaces between polymer matrix and aluminum via van der Waals interaction,resulting in high thermal conductivity(4.72±0.04 W m-1 K-1).Using the polydimethylsiloxane-based composite gel as TIMs,we demonstrate effective heat dissipation in chip oper-ating under vigorous vibrations.We believe that our strategy could be applied to a wide range of composite gels and lead to the devel-opment of high-performance composite gels as TIMs for chip heat dissipation.
