AIM:To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Paris chinensis dioscin(PCD)and mechanisms regarding cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:Cell viability was analyzed by the 3...AIM:To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Paris chinensis dioscin(PCD)and mechanisms regarding cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:Cell viability was analyzed by the 3-(4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM)using Annexin-V/propidium iodide(PI)staining,and the cell cycle was evaluated using PI staining with flow cytom-etry.Intracellular calcium ions were detected under fluorescence microscope.The expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins cyclin B1,CDK1,cytochrome C and caspase-3 was measured by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:PCD had an anti-proliferation effect on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells in a dose-and time-de-pendent manner.After treatment of SGC-7901 cells with PCD,apoptosis appeared in SGC-7901 cells.Morpho-logical changes typical of apoptosis were also observed with LSCM by Annexin V/PI staining,and the cell number of the G0/G1 phase was decreased,while the number of cells in the G2/M phase was increased.Cell cycle-related proteins,such as cyclin B1 and CDK1,were all down-regulated,but caspase-3 and cytochrome C were up-regulated.Moreover,intracellular calcium accumulation occurred in PCD-treated cells.CONCLUSION:G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis induced by PCD are associated with the inhibition of CDK-activating kinase activity and the activation of Ca2+-related mitochondrion pathway in SGC-7901 cells.展开更多
Two new sterpurane sesquiterpenoids named sterpurol D(1)and sterpurol E(2),and one skeletally new sesquiterpene,cryptomaraone(3),bearing a 5,6-fused bicyclic ring system,along with five known ones,sterpurol A(4),sterp...Two new sterpurane sesquiterpenoids named sterpurol D(1)and sterpurol E(2),and one skeletally new sesquiterpene,cryptomaraone(3),bearing a 5,6-fused bicyclic ring system,along with five known ones,sterpurol A(4),sterpurol B(5),paneolilludinic Acid(6),murolane-2α,9β-diol-3-ene(7)and(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesol(8)were isolated from an endolichenic fungus Cryptomarasmius aucubae.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of NMR spectroscopic spectra and HRESIMS data.The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison of specific optical rotation,as well as the biosynthetic consideration.Additionally,compounds 1,2,4-6,and 8 showed significant nitric oxide(NO)production inhibition in Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells with the IC50 values ranging from 9.06 to 14.81μM.展开更多
The receptor-like kinases （RLKs） play critical roles in plant development and response to stress stimuli. By perceiving or sensing the extracellular signals, RLK activates the downstream signaling pathway through ph...The receptor-like kinases （RLKs） play critical roles in plant development and response to stress stimuli. By perceiving or sensing the extracellular signals, RLK activates the downstream signaling pathway through phosphorylating the specific targets. Up to now, only a few RLKs have been functionally identified, which are even fewer in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. We here report the systemic analysis of the expression profiles of rice RLK coding genes in different tissues, with the emphasis on seed development and in response to both abiotic stress and plant hormones. The results showed that most rice RLK genes are expressed in two or more tissues, of which the RLCK-RLKs have a higher, while WAK- and SD-RLKs have a lower, expression level in the vegetative tissues than other subfamily members. Interestingly, the constitutively highly expressed RLKs in rice and Arabidopsis are conserved, which is consistent with the previous hypothesis that RLKs existed before the differentiation of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants. Nearly one-third of the detected rice RLKs are expressed during seed development, and the RLCK-RLK members possess a higher percentage during the endosperm de- velopment, suggesting a novel function of RLCK-RLK members in endosperm development. Further analysis revealed that many RLK genes expressed during seed development are also regulated by abiotic stresses （cold, salt, or drought） or hor- mones, indicating that RLKs may take part in the stress-related signaling pathways such as dehydration of endosperm. These results provide informative insights into the RLK studies and will be helpful to reveal the global regulatory network controlling rice seed development.展开更多
Protein homeostasis(proteostasis)is a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and degradation.Because of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and the massive transfer of their genetic information to the nucleus of th...Protein homeostasis(proteostasis)is a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and degradation.Because of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and the massive transfer of their genetic information to the nucleus of the host cell,many protein complexes in the chloroplasts are constituted from subunits encoded by both genomes.Hence,the proper function of chloroplasts relies on the coordinated expression of chloroplast-and nucleus-encoded genes.The biogenesis and maintenance of chloroplast proteostasis are dependent on synthesis of chloroplast-encoded proteins,import of nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins from the cytosol,and clearance of damaged or otherwise undesired“old”proteins.This review focuses on the regulation of chloroplast proteostasis,its interactionwith proteostasis of the cytosol,and its retrograde control over nuclear gene expression.We also discuss significant issues and perspectives for future studies and potential applications for improving the photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of crops.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the aging population.The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms remain unclear.PD affects extensive neural networks a...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the aging population.The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms remain unclear.PD affects extensive neural networks and a more thorough understanding of network disruption will help bridge the gap between known pathological changes and observed clinical presentations in PD.Development of neuroimaging techniques,especially functional magnetic resonance imaging,allows for detection of the functional connectivity of neural networks in patients with PD.This review aims to provide an overview of current research involving functional network disruption in PD relating to motor and non-motor symptoms.Investigations into functional network connectivity will further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of clinical interventions,such as levodopa and deep brain stimulation treatment.In addition,identification of PD-specific neural network patterns has the potential to aid in the development of a definitive diagnosis of PD.展开更多
基金Supported by The grant from the Department of Education of Shandong Province,China,No.J10LF18
文摘AIM:To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Paris chinensis dioscin(PCD)and mechanisms regarding cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:Cell viability was analyzed by the 3-(4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM)using Annexin-V/propidium iodide(PI)staining,and the cell cycle was evaluated using PI staining with flow cytom-etry.Intracellular calcium ions were detected under fluorescence microscope.The expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins cyclin B1,CDK1,cytochrome C and caspase-3 was measured by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:PCD had an anti-proliferation effect on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells in a dose-and time-de-pendent manner.After treatment of SGC-7901 cells with PCD,apoptosis appeared in SGC-7901 cells.Morpho-logical changes typical of apoptosis were also observed with LSCM by Annexin V/PI staining,and the cell number of the G0/G1 phase was decreased,while the number of cells in the G2/M phase was increased.Cell cycle-related proteins,such as cyclin B1 and CDK1,were all down-regulated,but caspase-3 and cytochrome C were up-regulated.Moreover,intracellular calcium accumulation occurred in PCD-treated cells.CONCLUSION:G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis induced by PCD are associated with the inhibition of CDK-activating kinase activity and the activation of Ca2+-related mitochondrion pathway in SGC-7901 cells.
基金This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21702169,22077102).
文摘Two new sterpurane sesquiterpenoids named sterpurol D(1)and sterpurol E(2),and one skeletally new sesquiterpene,cryptomaraone(3),bearing a 5,6-fused bicyclic ring system,along with five known ones,sterpurol A(4),sterpurol B(5),paneolilludinic Acid(6),murolane-2α,9β-diol-3-ene(7)and(-)-10,11-dihydroxyfarnesol(8)were isolated from an endolichenic fungus Cryptomarasmius aucubae.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of NMR spectroscopic spectra and HRESIMS data.The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison of specific optical rotation,as well as the biosynthetic consideration.Additionally,compounds 1,2,4-6,and 8 showed significant nitric oxide(NO)production inhibition in Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells with the IC50 values ranging from 9.06 to 14.81μM.
文摘The receptor-like kinases （RLKs） play critical roles in plant development and response to stress stimuli. By perceiving or sensing the extracellular signals, RLK activates the downstream signaling pathway through phosphorylating the specific targets. Up to now, only a few RLKs have been functionally identified, which are even fewer in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. We here report the systemic analysis of the expression profiles of rice RLK coding genes in different tissues, with the emphasis on seed development and in response to both abiotic stress and plant hormones. The results showed that most rice RLK genes are expressed in two or more tissues, of which the RLCK-RLKs have a higher, while WAK- and SD-RLKs have a lower, expression level in the vegetative tissues than other subfamily members. Interestingly, the constitutively highly expressed RLKs in rice and Arabidopsis are conserved, which is consistent with the previous hypothesis that RLKs existed before the differentiation of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants. Nearly one-third of the detected rice RLKs are expressed during seed development, and the RLCK-RLK members possess a higher percentage during the endosperm de- velopment, suggesting a novel function of RLCK-RLK members in endosperm development. Further analysis revealed that many RLK genes expressed during seed development are also regulated by abiotic stresses （cold, salt, or drought） or hor- mones, indicating that RLKs may take part in the stress-related signaling pathways such as dehydration of endosperm. These results provide informative insights into the RLK studies and will be helpful to reveal the global regulatory network controlling rice seed development.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC32070299,32270285)+2 种基金the Shanghai Pujiang Program(20PJ1405600)the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds(ZXWH2150201/014)the Partner Group program of the Max Planck Society to G.-Z.W.
文摘Protein homeostasis(proteostasis)is a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and degradation.Because of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and the massive transfer of their genetic information to the nucleus of the host cell,many protein complexes in the chloroplasts are constituted from subunits encoded by both genomes.Hence,the proper function of chloroplasts relies on the coordinated expression of chloroplast-and nucleus-encoded genes.The biogenesis and maintenance of chloroplast proteostasis are dependent on synthesis of chloroplast-encoded proteins,import of nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins from the cytosol,and clearance of damaged or otherwise undesired“old”proteins.This review focuses on the regulation of chloroplast proteostasis,its interactionwith proteostasis of the cytosol,and its retrograde control over nuclear gene expression.We also discuss significant issues and perspectives for future studies and potential applications for improving the photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of crops.
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the aging population.The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms remain unclear.PD affects extensive neural networks and a more thorough understanding of network disruption will help bridge the gap between known pathological changes and observed clinical presentations in PD.Development of neuroimaging techniques,especially functional magnetic resonance imaging,allows for detection of the functional connectivity of neural networks in patients with PD.This review aims to provide an overview of current research involving functional network disruption in PD relating to motor and non-motor symptoms.Investigations into functional network connectivity will further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of clinical interventions,such as levodopa and deep brain stimulation treatment.In addition,identification of PD-specific neural network patterns has the potential to aid in the development of a definitive diagnosis of PD.
