Understanding the genetic basis underlying the local adaptation of nonmodel species is a fundamental goal in evolutionary biology.In this study,we explored the genetic mechanisms of the local adaptation of Forsythia s...Understanding the genetic basis underlying the local adaptation of nonmodel species is a fundamental goal in evolutionary biology.In this study,we explored the genetic mechanisms of the local adaptation of Forsythia suspensa using genome sequence and population genomics data obtained from specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing.We assembled a high-quality reference genome of weeping forsythia(Scaffold N50=7.3 Mb)using ultralong Nanopore reads.Then,genome-wide comparative analysis was performed for 15 natural populations of weeping forsythia across its current distribution range.Our results revealed that candidate genes associated with local adaptation are functionally correlated with solar radiation,temperature and water variables across heterogeneous environmental scenarios.In particular,solar radiation during the period of fruit development and seed drying after ripening,cold,and drought significantly contributed to the adaptive differentiation of F.suspensa.Natural selection exerted by environmental factors contributed substantially to the population genetic structure of F.suspensa.Our results supported the hypothesis that adaptive differentiation should be highly pronounced in the genes involved in signal crosstalk between different environmental variables.Our population genomics study of F.suspensa provides insights into the fundamental genetic mechanisms of the local adaptation of plant species to climatic gradients.展开更多
The support vector machine(SVM)is a classical machine learning method.Both the hinge loss and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)penalty are usually used in traditional SVMs.However,the hinge loss i...The support vector machine(SVM)is a classical machine learning method.Both the hinge loss and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)penalty are usually used in traditional SVMs.However,the hinge loss is not differentiable,and the LASSO penalty does not have the Oracle property.In this paper,the huberized loss is combined with non-convex penalties to obtain a model that has the advantages of both the computational simplicity and the Oracle property,contributing to higher accuracy than traditional SVMs.It is experimentally demonstrated that the two non-convex huberized-SVM methods,smoothly clipped absolute deviation huberized-SVM(SCAD-HSVM)and minimax concave penalty huberized-SVM(MCP-HSVM),outperform the traditional SVM method in terms of the prediction accuracy and classifier performance.They are also superior in terms of variable selection,especially when there is a high linear correlation between the variables.When they are applied to the prediction of listed companies,the variables that can affect and predict financial distress are accurately filtered out.Among all the indicators,the indicators per share have the greatest influence while those of solvency have the weakest influence.Listed companies can assess the financial situation with the indicators screened by our algorithm and make an early warning of their possible financial distress in advance with higher precision.展开更多
To realize the commercialize of rechargeable Zn-air battery(RZAB),developing metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts with satisfactory activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is o...To realize the commercialize of rechargeable Zn-air battery(RZAB),developing metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts with satisfactory activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is one of the emerging issues.Herein,a prawn shells-derived N-enriched porous carbon(PSNC)is synthesized via an ion exchange coupled biomimetic selfsacrificing template strategy.The resulting PSNC displays unique functional components,including the interconnected macro-meso-micropores structure to shorten charge and mass transfer pathway,high content of pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen to construct rich catalytic active site and improve conductivity.As electrocatalysts in alkaline condition,the optimized PSNC-0.8 achieves excellent bifunctional catalytic propriety with a narrow potential gap(ΔE)value of 0.80 V.Meanwhile,PSNC-0.8-based RZAB displays a high peak power density of 176.5 mW·cm^(-2)and considerable cycling durability with a small battery efficiency delay of 6.5%after 480 cycles(320 h).This study enlightens a simple and effective conception to design high-performance metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts from seafood waste.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of bloodletting cupping therapy(BCT)for patients with postherpetic neuralgia.Methods:We comprehensively searched four Chinese databases(Wanfang,China National Knowledge Infra...Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of bloodletting cupping therapy(BCT)for patients with postherpetic neuralgia.Methods:We comprehensively searched four Chinese databases(Wanfang,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,China Biology Medicine disc)and foreign databases(Pubmed,Cochrane Library).The retrieval time was from the build-up time to May 2018.RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:We finally obtained 18 eligible studies.Compared with routine western medicine,BCT can significantly improve PHN(OR=7.45,95%CI,3.36-16.51,Z=4.95,P<0.01).BCT plus other methods of acupuncture with fire needle and filiform needle has significant therapeutic effect(OR=5.54,95%CI,3.01-10.19,P<0.01),BCT plus routine western medicine has significant therapeutic effect(OR=4.99,95%CI,2.73-9.11,P<0.00001).Conclusion:It showed that the therapeutic effects of BCT,BCT plus other acupuncture methods with fire needle and filiform needle,and BCT combined with western medicine are better than those treated with single western medicine.It is effective to treat postherpetic neuralgia with Bloodletting Cupping Therapy.展开更多
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. In the early stage, edema and proteinuria are the main clinical manifestations. In the later stage, glomerulosclerosis and interstiti...Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. In the early stage, edema and proteinuria are the main clinical manifestations. In the later stage, glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis will occur. And the prognosis is poor. Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine has a remarkable curative effect in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. There are more and more studies on the treatment of diabetic nephropathy with traditional Chinese medicine, but most of them focus on the syndromes of diabetic nephropathy, which are short of in-depth research and summary on the mechanism of Chinese herbal prescriptions. In this paper, the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system and network pharmacology BATMAN-TCM software were used to collect and analyze the relevant literature. It was found that the core compatibility of Shanzhuyu, Fuling and Shuyu in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy is closely related to the signal transduction pathway and target of diabetic nephropathy, and has a positive effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms such as proteinuria, glycometabolism disorder, edema, etc. This paper explores the core compatibility of Shanzhuyu, Fuling and Shuyu on diabetic nephropathy, in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.展开更多
Chinese ginseng （Panaxginseng） is a medically important herb within Panax and has crucial cultural values in East Asia. As the symbol of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese ginseng has been used as a herbal remedy...Chinese ginseng （Panaxginseng） is a medically important herb within Panax and has crucial cultural values in East Asia. As the symbol of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese ginseng has been used as a herbal remedy to restore stamina and capacity in East Asia for thousands of years. To address the evolutionary origin and domestication history of cultivated ginseng, we employed multiple molecular approaches to investigate the genetic structures of cultivated and wild ginseng across their distribution ranges in northeastern Asia. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed that the four cultivated ginseng landraces, COMMON, BIANTIAO, SHIZHU, and GAOLI （also known as Korean ginseng）, were not domesticated independently and Fusong Town is likely one of the primary domestication centers. In addition, our results from population genetic and epigenetic analyses demonstrated that cultivated ginseng maintained high levels of genetic and epigenetic diversity, but showed distinct cytosine methylation patterns compared with wild ginseng. The patterns of genetic and epigenetic variation revealed by this study have shed light on the domestication history of cultivated ginseng, which may serve as a framework for future genetic improvements.展开更多
To the Editor：Cold urticaria （CU） accounts for 1-3% of all urticaria cases.Affected patients develop a rash and/or angioedema after physical exposure to cold agents such as cold water,air,or food.CU can be classifi...To the Editor：Cold urticaria （CU） accounts for 1-3% of all urticaria cases.Affected patients develop a rash and/or angioedema after physical exposure to cold agents such as cold water,air,or food.CU can be classified as an acquired or familial disorder.Familial CU （FCU） was first described in 1940.Three familial cold syndromes exist：familial delayed CU,familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome （FCAS）,and familial atypical CU （FACU）.[1] Here,we report three Chinese pedigrees of FCU with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern [Figure 1a].展开更多
Background： Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common inflammatory skin disease with an increasingly significant prevalence. The prevalence of AD depends greatly on how its diagnosis is done. The UK Working Party＇s diagn...Background： Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common inflammatory skin disease with an increasingly significant prevalence. The prevalence of AD depends greatly on how its diagnosis is done. The UK Working Party＇s diagnostic criteria for AD are simple and easy to apply without invasive laboratory tests. This study assessed the clinical utility of these criteria in China. Methods： Data were collected from 6208 patients at 31 tertiary hospitals in 13 Chinese provinces/municipalities from March 2014 to May 2014.. The agreement between the UK diagnostic criteria and the clinical records for AD was assessed by Cohen＇s kappa. Results： The overall agreement between the UK diagnostic criteria and clinical diagnosis was fair （kappa = 0.40）. A slightly better agreement was found in patients aged between 4 and 9 years （kappa = 0.48）, while fair agreement was found in the group 〈4 years and the group ≥10 years （kappa = 0.27 and 0.39, respectively）. Using the UK party＇s criteria as the standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the clinical diagnosis of AD were 62.3%, 89.2%, 38.0%, and 95.7%, respectively. Conclusions： Our study indicates a modest ability among Chinese dermatologists to apply the UK Working Party＇s diagnostic criteria for AD, especially in patients aged 〈4 years and ≥10 years. Since there is no gold standard for AD diagnosis, it is important to determine how AD is identified when evaluating a diagnostic tool.展开更多
Objective:Limited information is available on the use of dupilumab for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD)in the Chinese population.Methods:We analyzed laboratory data from a previously published randomized,double-...Objective:Limited information is available on the use of dupilumab for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD)in the Chinese population.Methods:We analyzed laboratory data from a previously published randomized,double-blind phase III trial(NCT03912259)to provide further insight into the safety of dupilumab in Chinese adults with moderate to severe AD.The trial participants received either 300 mg of dupilumab or placebo every 2 weeks for 16 weeks.Hematology,blood chemistry,serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine(TARC),and total immunoglobulin E(IgE)were evaluated.Results:In total,82 participants received dupilumab and 83 received placebo.With the exception of eosinophil counts of>0.8×109/L,which were found less frequently with dupilumab(9.8%)than with placebo(18.7%),the hematology and blood chemistry values were generally stable in both treatment groups.There were no clinically significant differences between the dupilumab and placebo groups,and no participants developed treatment-emergent abnormalities of potential clinical significance.However,compared with placebo,greater decreases in serum lactate dehydrogenase(mean change,−97.4 vs.−33.5 IU/L),TARC(median percent change,−78.6%vs.−30.8%),and total IgE(median percent change,−53.4%vs.−0.2%)were observed with dupilumab than placebo at week 16.Conclusion:Dupilumab demonstrated a favorable laboratory safety profile in Chinese adults with moderate to severe AD.展开更多
Allergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic disease.The patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact allergens.With the deepening understanding of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and ...Allergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic disease.The patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact allergens.With the deepening understanding of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis,as well as the increased requirements for the standardized application of patch tests,the relevant consensus needs to be continuously updated.This consensus is updated on the basis of the version issued in 2015.In this revised version,it refines the selection of clinical indications,improves the judgment end interpretation of results,adds delayed detection and patient education,and so on,which aims to further standardize clinical applications and improve the value of patch test.展开更多
Common wheat(Triticum aestivum,BBAADD)is a major staple food crop worldwide.The diploid progenitors of the A and D subgenomes have been unequivocally identified;that of B,however,remains ambiguous and controversial bu...Common wheat(Triticum aestivum,BBAADD)is a major staple food crop worldwide.The diploid progenitors of the A and D subgenomes have been unequivocally identified;that of B,however,remains ambiguous and controversial but is suspected to be related to species of Aegilops,section Sitopsis.Here,we report the assembly of chromosome-level genome sequences of all five Sitopsis species,namely Aegilops bicornis,Ae.longissima,Ae.searsii,Ae.sharonensis,and Ae.speltoides,as well as the partial assembly of the Amblyopyrum muticum(synonym Aegilops mutica)genome for phylogenetic analysis.Our results reveal that the donor of the common wheat B subgenome is a distinct,and most probably extinct,diploid species that diverged from an ancestral progenitor of the B lineage to which the still extant Ae.speltoides and Am.muticum belong.In addition,we identified interspecific genetic introgressions throughout the evolution of the Triticum/Aegilops species complex.The five Sitopsis species have various assembled genome sizes(4.11-5.89 Gb)with high proportions of repetitive sequences(85.99%-89.81%);nonetheless,they retain high collinearity with other genomes or subgenomes of species in the Triticum/Aegilops complex.Differences in genome size were primarily due to independent post-speciation amplification of transposons.We also identified a set of Sitopsis genes pertinent to important agronomic traits that can be harnessed for wheat breeding.These newly assembled genome resources provide a new roadmap for evolutionary and genetic studies of the Triticum/Aegilops complex,as well as for wheat improvement.展开更多
To the Editor: Hair loss or alopecia is a very common disease, which has the potential to impact the quality of life, physical attractiveness, and interpersonal relationships. In recent years, lasers and light therapy...To the Editor: Hair loss or alopecia is a very common disease, which has the potential to impact the quality of life, physical attractiveness, and interpersonal relationships. In recent years, lasers and light therapy have been used as alternative or supplementary therapy for hair loss. In 2007, low-level laser therapy was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a safe and effective treatment on hair loss.展开更多
Invasive alien species are primary drivers of biodiversity loss and species extinction.Smooth cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora)is one of the most aggressive invasive plants in coastal ecosystems around the world.Howeve...Invasive alien species are primary drivers of biodiversity loss and species extinction.Smooth cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora)is one of the most aggressive invasive plants in coastal ecosystems around the world.However,the genomic bases and evolutionary mechanisms underlying its invasion success have remained largely unknown.Here,we assembled a chromosome-level reference genome and performed phenotypic and population genomic analyses between native US and introduced Chinese populations.Our phenotypic comparisons showed that introduced Chinese populations have evolved competitive traits,such as earlyflowering time and greater plant biomass,during secondary introductions along China’s coast.Population genomic and transcriptomic inferences revealed distinct evolutionary trajectories of low-and high-latitude Chinese populations.In particular,genetic mixture among different source populations,together with in-dependent natural selection acting on distinct target genes,may have resulted in high genome dynamics of the introduced Chinese populations.Our study provides novel phenotypic and genomic evidence showing how smooth cordgrass rapidly adapts to variable environmental conditions in its introduced ranges.Moreover,candidate genes related toflowering time,fast growth,and stress tolerance(i.e.,salinity and submergence)provide valuable genetic resources for future improvement of cereal crops.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770225)the Henan Science and Technology Project(202102110077)the Henan Agricultural University Science&Technology Innovation Fund(KJCX2016A2).
文摘Understanding the genetic basis underlying the local adaptation of nonmodel species is a fundamental goal in evolutionary biology.In this study,we explored the genetic mechanisms of the local adaptation of Forsythia suspensa using genome sequence and population genomics data obtained from specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing.We assembled a high-quality reference genome of weeping forsythia(Scaffold N50=7.3 Mb)using ultralong Nanopore reads.Then,genome-wide comparative analysis was performed for 15 natural populations of weeping forsythia across its current distribution range.Our results revealed that candidate genes associated with local adaptation are functionally correlated with solar radiation,temperature and water variables across heterogeneous environmental scenarios.In particular,solar radiation during the period of fruit development and seed drying after ripening,cold,and drought significantly contributed to the adaptive differentiation of F.suspensa.Natural selection exerted by environmental factors contributed substantially to the population genetic structure of F.suspensa.Our results supported the hypothesis that adaptive differentiation should be highly pronounced in the genes involved in signal crosstalk between different environmental variables.Our population genomics study of F.suspensa provides insights into the fundamental genetic mechanisms of the local adaptation of plant species to climatic gradients.
文摘The support vector machine(SVM)is a classical machine learning method.Both the hinge loss and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)penalty are usually used in traditional SVMs.However,the hinge loss is not differentiable,and the LASSO penalty does not have the Oracle property.In this paper,the huberized loss is combined with non-convex penalties to obtain a model that has the advantages of both the computational simplicity and the Oracle property,contributing to higher accuracy than traditional SVMs.It is experimentally demonstrated that the two non-convex huberized-SVM methods,smoothly clipped absolute deviation huberized-SVM(SCAD-HSVM)and minimax concave penalty huberized-SVM(MCP-HSVM),outperform the traditional SVM method in terms of the prediction accuracy and classifier performance.They are also superior in terms of variable selection,especially when there is a high linear correlation between the variables.When they are applied to the prediction of listed companies,the variables that can affect and predict financial distress are accurately filtered out.Among all the indicators,the indicators per share have the greatest influence while those of solvency have the weakest influence.Listed companies can assess the financial situation with the indicators screened by our algorithm and make an early warning of their possible financial distress in advance with higher precision.
基金financially supported by the Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Education Department Support Program(No.2021KQNCX027)the Youth Innovative Talents Project of Zhanjiang(No.2021E05016)the Program forScientific Research Start-Up Funds of Guangdong Ocean University(Nos.060302122010 and R19047)。
文摘To realize the commercialize of rechargeable Zn-air battery(RZAB),developing metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts with satisfactory activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is one of the emerging issues.Herein,a prawn shells-derived N-enriched porous carbon(PSNC)is synthesized via an ion exchange coupled biomimetic selfsacrificing template strategy.The resulting PSNC displays unique functional components,including the interconnected macro-meso-micropores structure to shorten charge and mass transfer pathway,high content of pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen to construct rich catalytic active site and improve conductivity.As electrocatalysts in alkaline condition,the optimized PSNC-0.8 achieves excellent bifunctional catalytic propriety with a narrow potential gap(ΔE)value of 0.80 V.Meanwhile,PSNC-0.8-based RZAB displays a high peak power density of 176.5 mW·cm^(-2)and considerable cycling durability with a small battery efficiency delay of 6.5%after 480 cycles(320 h).This study enlightens a simple and effective conception to design high-performance metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts from seafood waste.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(No.H2018201179).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of bloodletting cupping therapy(BCT)for patients with postherpetic neuralgia.Methods:We comprehensively searched four Chinese databases(Wanfang,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,China Biology Medicine disc)and foreign databases(Pubmed,Cochrane Library).The retrieval time was from the build-up time to May 2018.RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:We finally obtained 18 eligible studies.Compared with routine western medicine,BCT can significantly improve PHN(OR=7.45,95%CI,3.36-16.51,Z=4.95,P<0.01).BCT plus other methods of acupuncture with fire needle and filiform needle has significant therapeutic effect(OR=5.54,95%CI,3.01-10.19,P<0.01),BCT plus routine western medicine has significant therapeutic effect(OR=4.99,95%CI,2.73-9.11,P<0.00001).Conclusion:It showed that the therapeutic effects of BCT,BCT plus other acupuncture methods with fire needle and filiform needle,and BCT combined with western medicine are better than those treated with single western medicine.It is effective to treat postherpetic neuralgia with Bloodletting Cupping Therapy.
文摘Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. In the early stage, edema and proteinuria are the main clinical manifestations. In the later stage, glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis will occur. And the prognosis is poor. Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine has a remarkable curative effect in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. There are more and more studies on the treatment of diabetic nephropathy with traditional Chinese medicine, but most of them focus on the syndromes of diabetic nephropathy, which are short of in-depth research and summary on the mechanism of Chinese herbal prescriptions. In this paper, the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system and network pharmacology BATMAN-TCM software were used to collect and analyze the relevant literature. It was found that the core compatibility of Shanzhuyu, Fuling and Shuyu in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy is closely related to the signal transduction pathway and target of diabetic nephropathy, and has a positive effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms such as proteinuria, glycometabolism disorder, edema, etc. This paper explores the core compatibility of Shanzhuyu, Fuling and Shuyu on diabetic nephropathy, in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31470010 to L.F.L.） and the Program for Introducing Talents to Universities （B07017 to B.L.）.We thank James Schnable and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions, which have greatly improved the manuscript, We also thank Richard Abbott for his pre-reviewing of the manuscript, Joao Sollari Lopes for his help with the popABC analyses, Mingzhou Sun, Yuezhi Pan, Zhenhui Wang, and Peng Peng for their assistance with material collection and data analyses. No conflict of interest declared.
文摘Chinese ginseng （Panaxginseng） is a medically important herb within Panax and has crucial cultural values in East Asia. As the symbol of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese ginseng has been used as a herbal remedy to restore stamina and capacity in East Asia for thousands of years. To address the evolutionary origin and domestication history of cultivated ginseng, we employed multiple molecular approaches to investigate the genetic structures of cultivated and wild ginseng across their distribution ranges in northeastern Asia. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed that the four cultivated ginseng landraces, COMMON, BIANTIAO, SHIZHU, and GAOLI （also known as Korean ginseng）, were not domesticated independently and Fusong Town is likely one of the primary domestication centers. In addition, our results from population genetic and epigenetic analyses demonstrated that cultivated ginseng maintained high levels of genetic and epigenetic diversity, but showed distinct cytosine methylation patterns compared with wild ginseng. The patterns of genetic and epigenetic variation revealed by this study have shed light on the domestication history of cultivated ginseng, which may serve as a framework for future genetic improvements.
文摘To the Editor：Cold urticaria （CU） accounts for 1-3% of all urticaria cases.Affected patients develop a rash and/or angioedema after physical exposure to cold agents such as cold water,air,or food.CU can be classified as an acquired or familial disorder.Familial CU （FCU） was first described in 1940.Three familial cold syndromes exist：familial delayed CU,familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome （FCAS）,and familial atypical CU （FACU）.[1] Here,we report three Chinese pedigrees of FCU with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern [Figure 1a].
文摘Background： Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common inflammatory skin disease with an increasingly significant prevalence. The prevalence of AD depends greatly on how its diagnosis is done. The UK Working Party＇s diagnostic criteria for AD are simple and easy to apply without invasive laboratory tests. This study assessed the clinical utility of these criteria in China. Methods： Data were collected from 6208 patients at 31 tertiary hospitals in 13 Chinese provinces/municipalities from March 2014 to May 2014.. The agreement between the UK diagnostic criteria and the clinical records for AD was assessed by Cohen＇s kappa. Results： The overall agreement between the UK diagnostic criteria and clinical diagnosis was fair （kappa = 0.40）. A slightly better agreement was found in patients aged between 4 and 9 years （kappa = 0.48）, while fair agreement was found in the group 〈4 years and the group ≥10 years （kappa = 0.27 and 0.39, respectively）. Using the UK party＇s criteria as the standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the clinical diagnosis of AD were 62.3%, 89.2%, 38.0%, and 95.7%, respectively. Conclusions： Our study indicates a modest ability among Chinese dermatologists to apply the UK Working Party＇s diagnostic criteria for AD, especially in patients aged 〈4 years and ≥10 years. Since there is no gold standard for AD diagnosis, it is important to determine how AD is identified when evaluating a diagnostic tool.
基金The phase III trial on which this subanalysis is based (NCT03912259) was sponsored by Sanofi. Medical writing assistance with the preparation of this article was also funded by Sanofi.
文摘Objective:Limited information is available on the use of dupilumab for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD)in the Chinese population.Methods:We analyzed laboratory data from a previously published randomized,double-blind phase III trial(NCT03912259)to provide further insight into the safety of dupilumab in Chinese adults with moderate to severe AD.The trial participants received either 300 mg of dupilumab or placebo every 2 weeks for 16 weeks.Hematology,blood chemistry,serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine(TARC),and total immunoglobulin E(IgE)were evaluated.Results:In total,82 participants received dupilumab and 83 received placebo.With the exception of eosinophil counts of>0.8×109/L,which were found less frequently with dupilumab(9.8%)than with placebo(18.7%),the hematology and blood chemistry values were generally stable in both treatment groups.There were no clinically significant differences between the dupilumab and placebo groups,and no participants developed treatment-emergent abnormalities of potential clinical significance.However,compared with placebo,greater decreases in serum lactate dehydrogenase(mean change,−97.4 vs.−33.5 IU/L),TARC(median percent change,−78.6%vs.−30.8%),and total IgE(median percent change,−53.4%vs.−0.2%)were observed with dupilumab than placebo at week 16.Conclusion:Dupilumab demonstrated a favorable laboratory safety profile in Chinese adults with moderate to severe AD.
文摘Allergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic disease.The patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact allergens.With the deepening understanding of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis,as well as the increased requirements for the standardized application of patch tests,the relevant consensus needs to be continuously updated.This consensus is updated on the basis of the version issued in 2015.In this revised version,it refines the selection of clinical indications,improves the judgment end interpretation of results,adds delayed detection and patient education,and so on,which aims to further standardize clinical applications and improve the value of patch test.
基金This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(31991211 to B.L.and 31970235 to L.F.L.)the Shanghai Pujiang Program(19PJ1401500 to L.F.L.),Israel Science Foundation(ISF)-China National Natural Science Foundation(NSFC)collaborative grants to B.L.(32061143001)and A.A.L.(3394/20)a China Postdoctoral Science Foundation grant(2021M690683).
文摘Common wheat(Triticum aestivum,BBAADD)is a major staple food crop worldwide.The diploid progenitors of the A and D subgenomes have been unequivocally identified;that of B,however,remains ambiguous and controversial but is suspected to be related to species of Aegilops,section Sitopsis.Here,we report the assembly of chromosome-level genome sequences of all five Sitopsis species,namely Aegilops bicornis,Ae.longissima,Ae.searsii,Ae.sharonensis,and Ae.speltoides,as well as the partial assembly of the Amblyopyrum muticum(synonym Aegilops mutica)genome for phylogenetic analysis.Our results reveal that the donor of the common wheat B subgenome is a distinct,and most probably extinct,diploid species that diverged from an ancestral progenitor of the B lineage to which the still extant Ae.speltoides and Am.muticum belong.In addition,we identified interspecific genetic introgressions throughout the evolution of the Triticum/Aegilops species complex.The five Sitopsis species have various assembled genome sizes(4.11-5.89 Gb)with high proportions of repetitive sequences(85.99%-89.81%);nonetheless,they retain high collinearity with other genomes or subgenomes of species in the Triticum/Aegilops complex.Differences in genome size were primarily due to independent post-speciation amplification of transposons.We also identified a set of Sitopsis genes pertinent to important agronomic traits that can be harnessed for wheat breeding.These newly assembled genome resources provide a new roadmap for evolutionary and genetic studies of the Triticum/Aegilops complex,as well as for wheat improvement.
基金grants from the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 7152040)the Youth Scientific Research Development Fund of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University (No. XYY2017007).
文摘To the Editor: Hair loss or alopecia is a very common disease, which has the potential to impact the quality of life, physical attractiveness, and interpersonal relationships. In recent years, lasers and light therapy have been used as alternative or supplementary therapy for hair loss. In 2007, low-level laser therapy was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a safe and effective treatment on hair loss.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2601100 to B.L.)the Natural Science Foundation of China (32030067 to J.-H.W.,31970235 to L.-F.L.,32171661 to R.-T.J.,and 31961133028 to B.L.).
文摘Invasive alien species are primary drivers of biodiversity loss and species extinction.Smooth cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora)is one of the most aggressive invasive plants in coastal ecosystems around the world.However,the genomic bases and evolutionary mechanisms underlying its invasion success have remained largely unknown.Here,we assembled a chromosome-level reference genome and performed phenotypic and population genomic analyses between native US and introduced Chinese populations.Our phenotypic comparisons showed that introduced Chinese populations have evolved competitive traits,such as earlyflowering time and greater plant biomass,during secondary introductions along China’s coast.Population genomic and transcriptomic inferences revealed distinct evolutionary trajectories of low-and high-latitude Chinese populations.In particular,genetic mixture among different source populations,together with in-dependent natural selection acting on distinct target genes,may have resulted in high genome dynamics of the introduced Chinese populations.Our study provides novel phenotypic and genomic evidence showing how smooth cordgrass rapidly adapts to variable environmental conditions in its introduced ranges.Moreover,candidate genes related toflowering time,fast growth,and stress tolerance(i.e.,salinity and submergence)provide valuable genetic resources for future improvement of cereal crops.
