Sodium metal batteries(SMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices owing to their excellent safety performance and natural abunda nce of sodium.However,the insurmountable obstacles of dend...Sodium metal batteries(SMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices owing to their excellent safety performance and natural abunda nce of sodium.However,the insurmountable obstacles of dendrite formation and quick capacity decay are caused by an unstable and inhomogeneous solid electrolyte interphase that resulted from the immediate interactions between the Na metal anode and organic liquid electrolyte.Herein,a customised glass fibre separator coupled with chitosan(CS@GF)was developed to modulate the sodium ion(Na^(+))flux.The CS@GF separator facilitates the Na+homogeneous deposition on the anode side through redistribution at the chitosan polyactive sites and by inhibiting the decomposition of the electrolyte to robust solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation.Multiphysics simulations show that chitosan incorporated into SMBs through the separator can make the local electric field around the anode uniform,thus facilitating the transfer of cations.Na|Na symmetric cells utilising a CS@GF separator exhibited an outstanding cycle stability of over 600 h(0.5 mA cm^(-2)).Meanwhile,the Na|Na_(3)V_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)full cell exhibited excellent fast-charging performance(93.47%capacity retention after 1500 cycles at 5C).This study presents a promising strategy for inhibiting dendrite growth and realizes stable Na metal batteries,which significantly boosts the development of high-performance SMBs.展开更多
目的探讨运用图像存档与通信系统(picture archiving and communication systems,PACS)并结合翻转课堂CBL教学方法在住院医师规范化培训儿科超声心动图教学中的应用。方法将24名住院医师分为观察组和对照组,各12人,观察组接受体验式教学...目的探讨运用图像存档与通信系统(picture archiving and communication systems,PACS)并结合翻转课堂CBL教学方法在住院医师规范化培训儿科超声心动图教学中的应用。方法将24名住院医师分为观察组和对照组,各12人,观察组接受体验式教学法,即基于PACS系统的翻转课堂CBL教学法,对照组接受传统教学方法,均完成培训及先心病病例描述与诊断考核。对比分析两组住院医师的考核成绩、教学反馈及满意度调查情况。结果两组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组在学习自主性、学习质量与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于PACS的CBL教学法是一种更优化而且受欢迎的先心病超声心动图教学模式。展开更多
2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)is a good replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in melt-cast explosives due to its superior insensitivity.With the increasing use of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,the prediction of reacti...2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)is a good replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in melt-cast explosives due to its superior insensitivity.With the increasing use of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,the prediction of reaction violence and hazard assessment of the explosives subjected to shock is of great significance.This study investigated the shock initiation characteristics for a DNAN-based melt-cast explosive,DHFA,using the one-dimensional Lagrangian apparatus.The embedded manganin gauges in the apparatus record the pressure histories at four Lagrangian positions and show that shock-todetonation transition in DHFA needs a high input shock pressure.The experimental data are analyzed to calibrate the Ignition and Growth model.The calibration is performed using an objective function based on both pressure history and the arrival time of shock.Good agreement between experimental and calculated pressure histories indicates the high accuracy of the calibrated parameters with the optimization method.展开更多
Introduction The immune system is the cornerstone of human health,with most diseases and health conditions closely related to immune status.Therefore,immune status management is a core health issue.In recent years,sig...Introduction The immune system is the cornerstone of human health,with most diseases and health conditions closely related to immune status.Therefore,immune status management is a core health issue.In recent years,significant research breakthroughs in immunosuppressants,immune cell therapy,and immune checkpoint inhibitors have enabled clinical experts and researchers to effectively modulate immune status and regulate immunity more efficient.Key questions in the field of immunology include:How can immune function be visually assessed?What constitutes normal immune cell function status?How can immune cell function status be quantitatively evaluated?How can a standardized system for assessing immune cell function status be established?Currently,there is no consensus on these issues worldwide.On August 28,2023,the National Natural Science Foundation of China announced the National Major Research Plan:Immune Power Digital Decoding Research.Traditional research models have failed to systematically reveal the generation and evolution of immune power.展开更多
Dear Editor,Tuberculosis(TB)is an infectious disease which has been considered as a global public health emergency problem during the past 25y.The World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one-third o...Dear Editor,Tuberculosis(TB)is an infectious disease which has been considered as a global public health emergency problem during the past 25y.The World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one-third of the world’s population are infected by TB.However,only 10%of patients with TB is symptomatic.TB can affect multiple organs throughout the body.Eighty percent of those infected are pulmonary TB.Ocular TB can occur with or without lung or other systemic TB.It is a rare extrapulmonary form of the disease and occupied about 3.5%–5%of all of the TB.It should not be disregarded as its potential influence on vision loss.The intraocular and/or extraocular structures could be impacted by ocular TB[1].Uvea was the most common affected structure[2].展开更多
Uncertainty is an important characteristic of scheduling model for scale farm machinery operation organizing. Practice shows that scheduling model without considering uncertainties is nearly useless. Uncertain influen...Uncertainty is an important characteristic of scheduling model for scale farm machinery operation organizing. Practice shows that scheduling model without considering uncertainties is nearly useless. Uncertain influence factors arisen from natural environment, society and economy, market and supply, and customer and behavior, exist widely, emerge frequently, and affect production deeply. Uncertainties interfere with the allocation of productive factors on temporal and spatial dimensions for farm machinery operation scheduling and management. Questionnaire for farm machinery organizations was designed and finished in 2014. Both occurrence frequency and influence degree for each factor were quantified. Four influence factors including operation location change, weather mutation, parts supply delay, and operation skill defects appear in both list of high occurrence and deep influence. Then results of questionnaire and results of specific investigation were used to study temporal and spatial scheduling model and system for farm machinery management. Three case studies are introduced. The first case is about the uncertainty and countermeasure of forage harvesters scheduling and monitoring for a professional forage plantation company. The second case is about the uncertainty and counter measure of cotton-picker scheduling and monitoring for a professional cotton picking company. And the third case is about the uncertainty and countermeasure of social service management for a professional cooperative. The cases show that the research has strong pertinence to deal with uncertainties and can improve management efficiency of farm machinery operation.展开更多
Dear Editor,It is now well established that optogenetic stimulation can achieve precise intervention and modulate the activity of local neurons or neural circuits in the brain.Although this technique holds promise for...Dear Editor,It is now well established that optogenetic stimulation can achieve precise intervention and modulate the activity of local neurons or neural circuits in the brain.Although this technique holds promise for clinical therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders,it requires the expression of lightsensitive proteins(such as channel rhodopsin)or photoactivatable chemicals(such as caged neurotransmitters)in the targeted brain regions[1].展开更多
BACKGROUND Although thoracotomy has been the conventional treatment for patients with early esophageal cancer(EEC),its drawbacks underscore the demand for more effective therapeutic strategies to improve surgical outc...BACKGROUND Although thoracotomy has been the conventional treatment for patients with early esophageal cancer(EEC),its drawbacks underscore the demand for more effective therapeutic strategies to improve surgical outcomes.AIM To comprehensively analyze the effect of totally thoracoscopic esophagectomy(TTE)on postoperative complications and serum inflammatory factors in patients diagnosed with EEC.METHODS A total of 113 patients with EEC,who were admitted to our hospital between September 2022 and December 2024,were recruited for this study.Specifically,55 patients were assigned to the control group and underwent conventional surgical procedures,whereas 58 patients formed the research group and underwent TTE.Subsequently,a series of comparisons and analyses were conducted between the two groups.These comparisons included surgery-related parameters,such as incision length,operation duration,and the number and extent of lymph node dissection;postoperative complications,namely,empyema,pulmonary infection,incision infection,anastomotic fistula,and delayed gastric emptying;postoperative pain,which was quantitatively evaluated by the Numerical Rating Scale;postoperative hospitalization duration;serum inflammatory factors,including interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,and tumor necrosis factor-α;and stress response-associated indicators,such as C-reactive protein,cortisol,and adrenaline.RESULTS Statistical data demonstrated that compared with the control group,the research group exhibited substantially shorter incision length and postoperative hospitalization duration.The two groups had comparable number and extent of lymph node dissection.Notably,both the overall incidence of postoperative complications and the Numerical Rating Scale score on postoperative day 3 were remarkably lower in the research group.Although the levels of IL-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor-α,C-reactive protein,cortisol,and adrenaline in the research group increased statistically postoperatively,they were still considerably lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION In patients with EEC,TTE not only reduces the risk of postoperative complications but also effectively alleviates the body’s inflammatory and stress responses associated with surgery.展开更多
The existence of museums is humanity’s stubborn struggle against oblivion.When cultural relics are presented before our eyes,ancient civilizations gain a sense of reality,and people in history become present.
Recent experiments have found that a liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)rod supported in the middle can rotate continuously under horizontal illumination due to the combined impacts of gravity and light-fueled lateral bend-...Recent experiments have found that a liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)rod supported in the middle can rotate continuously under horizontal illumination due to the combined impacts of gravity and light-fueled lateral bend-ing deformation.Similar to traditional gravity-driven systems,it is constrained by the direction of gravity and cannot be applied in microgravity environments.This study introduces a lateral constraint to a liquid crystal elastomer rod system,enabling self-rotation under lighting from any direction,including horizontal and vertical illumination.Through theoretical modeling,the results indicate that the system can steadily rotate under the combined impacts of lateral forces and vertical illumination.Factors like thermal energy flux,thermal conduc-tivity coefficient,the LCE rod length,contraction coefficient,and friction coefficient affect the angular velocity of the self-rotation.The numerical computations align closely with the experimental data.Our proposed steadily self-rotating system features a simple structure with constant self-rotation.It operates independently of gravity direction,making it an excellent choice for special environments,such as the microgravity conditions on the Moon.The lateral constraint strategy presented in this study offers a general approach to expanding the applica-tions of gravity-driven self-sustained motion,with promising potential,especially in microgravity settings,where its versatility under varying lighting conditions could yield valuable insights.展开更多
The primary concern in stealth aircraft design is the very large electrical size objects.However,the computational and storage requirements of these objects present significant obstacles for current highfidelity desig...The primary concern in stealth aircraft design is the very large electrical size objects.However,the computational and storage requirements of these objects present significant obstacles for current highfidelity design methods,particularly when addressing high-dimensional complex engineering design problems.To address these challenges,we developed a surface sensitivity technique based on the multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA).An access and storage of sparse partial derivative tensor was improved to significantly enhanced the computation performance.The far-field interactions of the surface sensitivity equation were realized by differential the multipole expansion.In addition,we proposed a fast far-field multiplication method to accelerate the multiplication process.The surface mesh derivative with respect to the design variables was calculated by analytical and complex variable methods,substantially improving computational efficiency.These advancements enabled the MLFMAbased surface sensitivity method to millions meshes and large-scale gradients,extending gradientbased optimization for very large electrical size problems.Test cases have verified the effectiveness of this method in optimizing very large electrical objects in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a type of cancer which causes high cancer-related mortality.Surgical operation and systematic chemical therapies are primary choices for the treatment of GC patients with advanced stage...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a type of cancer which causes high cancer-related mortality.Surgical operation and systematic chemical therapies are primary choices for the treatment of GC patients with advanced stages,however,the 5-year overall survival is only around 30%.AIM To investigate the role of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived long non-coding RNAs(lncRNA)NKILA in fatty acid oxidation and chemoresistance in GC cells,mediated through the miR-485-5p/STAT3 pathway.METHODS GC cell lines(AGS and MKN45)were co-cultured with human bone marrowderived MSCs were cultured.The MSC identity was confirmed by flow cytometry(CD73,CD90,CD105>95%positive,CD34,CD45 negative).Co-culture of GC cells and MSCs was performed in Transwell plates,where MSCs were placed in the upper chamber and GC cells in the lower chamber for 72 hours.For transfections,pcDNA-NKILA vectors,shSTAT3,and miR-485-5p mimics were utilized.Colony formation,apoptosis assays(Annexin V/PI staining),sphere formation,and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell proliferation,stemness,and chemoresistance.qPCR was used to analyze gene expression(Sox2,Oct4,CD133,LIN28,NKILA),and Western blotting assessed protein levels of stemness markers.Luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm miR-485-5p/STAT3 interactions,and biotin-labeled RNA pulldown was used to assess RNA-protein binding.Fatty acid oxidation was evaluated using a CPT1 activity assay andβ-oxidation rate detection.ATP levels were measured to assess the energetic status of GC cells.Clinical GC tissue samples were collected from patients at our hospital for validation.RESULTS MSCs were found to enhance the stemness and chemoresistance of GC cells.Co-culturing MKN45 and AGS cells with MSCs significantly increased sphere-forming ability and the expression of key cancer stem cell markers(SOX2,Oct4,LIN28,CD133),indicating that MSCs promote stem-like properties.Flow cytometry confirmed an enrichment of CD44+and CD133+subpopulations in MSC-treated GC cells.Additionally,MSC co-culture reduced chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and enhanced cell proliferation,suggesting a protective role in chemotherapy resistance.MSC-derived lncRNA NKILA further promoted stemness and chemoresistance,enhancing expression of stem cell markers and protecting cells from oxaliplatin and 5-FU-induced apoptosis.MSC co-culture also induced fatty acid oxidation in GC cells,as shown by increased CPT1 activity,β-oxidation rates,and ATP levels.NKILA mediated these effects by upregulating STAT3,which was confirmed to regulate fatty acid oxidation and chemoresistance.NKILA’s interaction with miR-485-5p further promoted STAT3 expression and fatty acid oxidation,reinforcing its role in maintaining stemness and enhancing chemoresistance.CONCLUSION MSCs enhance the stemness and chemoresistance of GC cells by secreting lncRNA NKILA,which promotes fatty acid oxidation through STAT3 activation.NKILA modulates the miR-485-5p/STAT3 axis,thereby increasing energy metabolism and supporting cancer stem cell properties.Targeting NKILA or the miR-485-5p/STAT3 pathway offers potential therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance in GC.展开更多
In this study,nickel foam-loaded Mn and Ce bimetallic oxide composites were successfully synthesized as particle electrodes by a hydrothermal method and synergized with ozone for the efficient degradation of alizarin ...In this study,nickel foam-loaded Mn and Ce bimetallic oxide composites were successfully synthesized as particle electrodes by a hydrothermal method and synergized with ozone for the efficient degradation of alizarin red(AR),a typical anthraquinone dye.The effects of common factors on the degradation rate of alizarin red were investigated.The optimal experimental conditions were derived as applied voltage=3.5 V,initial pH=5.5,NaCl concentration of 4.5 g/L,and initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L.The particle electrode had a high cyclic stability after five cycles.The active sites of the dye molecular structure were analyzed in combination with the Fukui function,and the degradation pathway of alizarin red was proposed on this basis.By comparing the degradation effect of alizarin red under three different systems of O3,3DER and 3DER-O3,it was confirmed that the three-dimensional electrode has a good synergistic effect in conjunction with ozone.Finally,the degradation mechanism of alizarin red under the CeO_(2)-MnO_(2)/NF synergistic ozone system was derived,in which the single linear oxygen(1O_(2))played a major role in the degradation process.展开更多
Plasmonic colors are attracting attention for their subwavelength small size,vibrant hues,and environmental sustainability beyond traditional pigments while suffering from angular and/or polarization dependency due to...Plasmonic colors are attracting attention for their subwavelength small size,vibrant hues,and environmental sustainability beyond traditional pigments while suffering from angular and/or polarization dependency due to distinct excitations of lattice resonances and/or surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs).Here,we demonstrate the sodium metasurface-based plasmonic color palettes with polarization-independent wide-view angle(approximately>〓〓60 deg in experiment and up to〓〓90 deg in theory)and single-particlelevel pixel size(down to∼60 nm)that integrate both pigment-like and structure coloring advantages,fabricated by the templated nanorod-pixelated solidification of wetted liquid metals.Such intriguing performances are mainly attributed to the particle plasmon dominant spectral response by steering the filling profile and thus the interplay between localized surface plasmons and SPPs.Combining low material cost,potentially scalable manufacturing process,and pronounced optical performance,the proposed sodium-based metasurfaces will provide a promising route for advanced color information technology.展开更多
The GH3536(Hastelloy-X)nickel-based superalloy is increasingly applied in the aerospace industry due to its exceptional combination of excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength.Laser powder bed fusi...The GH3536(Hastelloy-X)nickel-based superalloy is increasingly applied in the aerospace industry due to its exceptional combination of excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength.Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is an additive manufacturing(AM)technology for producing metallic components with complex shapes using layer-by-layer manufacture principle.The debate has long prevailed as to research on eliminating anisotropy in the forming of GH3536 alloy through LPBF technology.In this study,the anisotropy of microstructure and mechanical properties of GH3536 alloy formed by LPBF was investigated using different scanning strategies(0°,90°,67°,checkerboard,and contour).The scanning strategy was optimized to reduce the weaving differences between the horizontal and vertical directions of the microstructure of the LPBF formed GH3536 alloy,which in turn reduces the anisotropy of the properties in both directions.The results of the tensile specimens indicate that except for the horizontal specimens produced using the contour scanning strategy,the strength of all other specimens exceeds that of the vertical specimens.Additionally,differences in elongation are observed,demonstrating that the GH3536 alloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion exhibits anisotropic properties.According to electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)analysis,the grain boundary strengthening and geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)impede dislocation motion during tensile deformation along the horizontal direction.Consequently,this mechanism negatively affects both the tensile strength and ductility in that orientation.The anisotropy in tensile strength and plasticity is attributed to the different crack sensitivities in the two tensile directions.In addition,specimens molded using different scanning strategies exhibit varying degrees of anisotropy,strength,and elongation due to different degrees of texture strengthening,grain boundary strengthening,and dislocation strengthening effects.Regardless of the stretching direction,the combined tensile properties of the 0°and contoured specimens are the worst under the room temperature and 815℃ stretching conditions.The 67°specimens exhibit the best combined tensile properties.Therefore,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the LPBF formed GH3536 alloy can be positively mitigated by modulating the scanning strategy.展开更多
Due to the advantages of large workspace,low cost and the integrated vision/force sensing,robotic milling has become an important way for machining of complex parts.In recent years,many scholars have studied the probl...Due to the advantages of large workspace,low cost and the integrated vision/force sensing,robotic milling has become an important way for machining of complex parts.In recent years,many scholars have studied the problems existing in the applications of robotic milling,and lots of results have been made in the dynamics,pose planning,deformation control etc.,which provides theoretical guidance for high precision and high efficiency of robotic milling.From the perspective of complex parts robotic milling,this paper focuses on machining process planning and control techniques including the analysis of the robot-workspace,robot trajectory planning,vibration monitoring and control,deformation monitoring and compensation.As well as the principles of these technologies such as robot stiffness characteristics,dynamic characteristics,chatter mechanisms,and deformation mechanisms.The methods and characteristics related to the theory and technology of robotic milling of complex parts are summarized systematically.The latest research progress and achievements in the relevant fields are reviewed.It is hoped that the challenges,strategies and development related to robotic milling could be clarified through the carding work in this paper,so as to promote the application of related theories and technologies in high efficiency and precision intelligent milling with robot for complex parts.展开更多
Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived f...Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes.Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions(Li^(+))and succinonitrile(SN).The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)optimizes the Li^(+)solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability.Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion interaction.The unique Li^(+)solvation structure,enriched with FEC and TFSI^(-),facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes.Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion.As a result,the SiO|LiCoO_(2) full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes.This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.展开更多
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common malignancy with high mortality.Liver resection(LR)is a curative treatment for early-stage HCC,but the prognosis of HCC patients after LR is unsatisfactory because of...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common malignancy with high mortality.Liver resection(LR)is a curative treatment for early-stage HCC,but the prognosis of HCC patients after LR is unsatisfactory because of tumor recurrence.Prognostic prediction models with great performance are urgently needed.The present study aimed to establish a novel prognostic nomogram to predict tumor recurrence in HCC patients after LR.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 726 HCC patients who underwent LR between October 2011 and December 2016.Patients were randomly divided into the training cohort(n=508)and the testing cohort(n=218).The protein expression of 14 biomarkers in tumor tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The nomogram predicting recurrence-free survival(RFS)was established by a multivariate Cox regression analysis model and was evaluated by calibration curves,Kaplan-Meier survival curves,time-dependent areas under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves(AUCs),and decision curve analyses in both the training and testing cohorts.Results:Alpha-fetoprotein[hazard ratio(HR)=1.013,P=0.002],portal vein tumor thrombosis(HR=1.833,P<0.001),ascites(HR=2.024,P=0.014),tumor diameter(HR=1.075,P<0.001),Ecadherin(HR=0.859,P=0.011),EMA(HR=1.196,P=0.022),and PCNA(HR=1.174,P=0.031)immunohistochemistry scores were found to be independent factors for RFS.The 1-year and 3-year AUCs of the nomogram for RFS were 0.813 and 0.739,respectively.The patients were divided into the high-risk group and the low-risk group by median value which was generated from the nomogram,and Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the high-risk group had a shorter RFS than the low-risk group in both the training(P<0.001)and testing cohorts(P<0.001).Conclusions:Our newly developed nomogram integrated clinicopathological data and key gene expression data,and was verified to have high accuracy in predicting the RFS of HCC patients after LR.This model could be used for early identification of patients at high-risk of postoperative recurrence.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2023CXPT069)Opening Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment(BSBE2022-EET-06)Innovation Project of Guangwei Group Academician Workstation(GWYS-2022-04)。
文摘Sodium metal batteries(SMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices owing to their excellent safety performance and natural abunda nce of sodium.However,the insurmountable obstacles of dendrite formation and quick capacity decay are caused by an unstable and inhomogeneous solid electrolyte interphase that resulted from the immediate interactions between the Na metal anode and organic liquid electrolyte.Herein,a customised glass fibre separator coupled with chitosan(CS@GF)was developed to modulate the sodium ion(Na^(+))flux.The CS@GF separator facilitates the Na+homogeneous deposition on the anode side through redistribution at the chitosan polyactive sites and by inhibiting the decomposition of the electrolyte to robust solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation.Multiphysics simulations show that chitosan incorporated into SMBs through the separator can make the local electric field around the anode uniform,thus facilitating the transfer of cations.Na|Na symmetric cells utilising a CS@GF separator exhibited an outstanding cycle stability of over 600 h(0.5 mA cm^(-2)).Meanwhile,the Na|Na_(3)V_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)full cell exhibited excellent fast-charging performance(93.47%capacity retention after 1500 cycles at 5C).This study presents a promising strategy for inhibiting dendrite growth and realizes stable Na metal batteries,which significantly boosts the development of high-performance SMBs.
文摘目的探讨运用图像存档与通信系统(picture archiving and communication systems,PACS)并结合翻转课堂CBL教学方法在住院医师规范化培训儿科超声心动图教学中的应用。方法将24名住院医师分为观察组和对照组,各12人,观察组接受体验式教学法,即基于PACS系统的翻转课堂CBL教学法,对照组接受传统教学方法,均完成培训及先心病病例描述与诊断考核。对比分析两组住院医师的考核成绩、教学反馈及满意度调查情况。结果两组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组在学习自主性、学习质量与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于PACS的CBL教学法是一种更优化而且受欢迎的先心病超声心动图教学模式。
基金Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology(Grant No.2021yjrc38)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2208085QA27)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11972046,12002266)the authors would like to thank these foundations for financial support.
文摘2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)is a good replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)in melt-cast explosives due to its superior insensitivity.With the increasing use of DNAN-based melt-cast explosives,the prediction of reaction violence and hazard assessment of the explosives subjected to shock is of great significance.This study investigated the shock initiation characteristics for a DNAN-based melt-cast explosive,DHFA,using the one-dimensional Lagrangian apparatus.The embedded manganin gauges in the apparatus record the pressure histories at four Lagrangian positions and show that shock-todetonation transition in DHFA needs a high input shock pressure.The experimental data are analyzed to calibrate the Ignition and Growth model.The calibration is performed using an objective function based on both pressure history and the arrival time of shock.Good agreement between experimental and calculated pressure histories indicates the high accuracy of the calibrated parameters with the optimization method.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370665,81471590 and 81571554)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7212042,7222303 and 7232068)+1 种基金Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Golden Seeds Foundation(CYJZ202204)Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in 2021(21kcjj-4).
文摘Introduction The immune system is the cornerstone of human health,with most diseases and health conditions closely related to immune status.Therefore,immune status management is a core health issue.In recent years,significant research breakthroughs in immunosuppressants,immune cell therapy,and immune checkpoint inhibitors have enabled clinical experts and researchers to effectively modulate immune status and regulate immunity more efficient.Key questions in the field of immunology include:How can immune function be visually assessed?What constitutes normal immune cell function status?How can immune cell function status be quantitatively evaluated?How can a standardized system for assessing immune cell function status be established?Currently,there is no consensus on these issues worldwide.On August 28,2023,the National Natural Science Foundation of China announced the National Major Research Plan:Immune Power Digital Decoding Research.Traditional research models have failed to systematically reveal the generation and evolution of immune power.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC1370).
文摘Dear Editor,Tuberculosis(TB)is an infectious disease which has been considered as a global public health emergency problem during the past 25y.The World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one-third of the world’s population are infected by TB.However,only 10%of patients with TB is symptomatic.TB can affect multiple organs throughout the body.Eighty percent of those infected are pulmonary TB.Ocular TB can occur with or without lung or other systemic TB.It is a rare extrapulmonary form of the disease and occupied about 3.5%–5%of all of the TB.It should not be disregarded as its potential influence on vision loss.The intraocular and/or extraocular structures could be impacted by ocular TB[1].Uvea was the most common affected structure[2].
文摘Uncertainty is an important characteristic of scheduling model for scale farm machinery operation organizing. Practice shows that scheduling model without considering uncertainties is nearly useless. Uncertain influence factors arisen from natural environment, society and economy, market and supply, and customer and behavior, exist widely, emerge frequently, and affect production deeply. Uncertainties interfere with the allocation of productive factors on temporal and spatial dimensions for farm machinery operation scheduling and management. Questionnaire for farm machinery organizations was designed and finished in 2014. Both occurrence frequency and influence degree for each factor were quantified. Four influence factors including operation location change, weather mutation, parts supply delay, and operation skill defects appear in both list of high occurrence and deep influence. Then results of questionnaire and results of specific investigation were used to study temporal and spatial scheduling model and system for farm machinery management. Three case studies are introduced. The first case is about the uncertainty and countermeasure of forage harvesters scheduling and monitoring for a professional forage plantation company. The second case is about the uncertainty and counter measure of cotton-picker scheduling and monitoring for a professional cotton picking company. And the third case is about the uncertainty and countermeasure of social service management for a professional cooperative. The cases show that the research has strong pertinence to deal with uncertainties and can improve management efficiency of farm machinery operation.
基金supported by grants from the Key Strategic Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2023YFE0206800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81625006,31820103005,32200620,32170976,81971874)+1 种基金Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ24C090003 and LY21C090003)the Peak Discipline Cultivation Program of Zhejiang University School of Basic Medicine.
文摘Dear Editor,It is now well established that optogenetic stimulation can achieve precise intervention and modulate the activity of local neurons or neural circuits in the brain.Although this technique holds promise for clinical therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders,it requires the expression of lightsensitive proteins(such as channel rhodopsin)or photoactivatable chemicals(such as caged neurotransmitters)in the targeted brain regions[1].
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023ZL424.
文摘BACKGROUND Although thoracotomy has been the conventional treatment for patients with early esophageal cancer(EEC),its drawbacks underscore the demand for more effective therapeutic strategies to improve surgical outcomes.AIM To comprehensively analyze the effect of totally thoracoscopic esophagectomy(TTE)on postoperative complications and serum inflammatory factors in patients diagnosed with EEC.METHODS A total of 113 patients with EEC,who were admitted to our hospital between September 2022 and December 2024,were recruited for this study.Specifically,55 patients were assigned to the control group and underwent conventional surgical procedures,whereas 58 patients formed the research group and underwent TTE.Subsequently,a series of comparisons and analyses were conducted between the two groups.These comparisons included surgery-related parameters,such as incision length,operation duration,and the number and extent of lymph node dissection;postoperative complications,namely,empyema,pulmonary infection,incision infection,anastomotic fistula,and delayed gastric emptying;postoperative pain,which was quantitatively evaluated by the Numerical Rating Scale;postoperative hospitalization duration;serum inflammatory factors,including interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,and tumor necrosis factor-α;and stress response-associated indicators,such as C-reactive protein,cortisol,and adrenaline.RESULTS Statistical data demonstrated that compared with the control group,the research group exhibited substantially shorter incision length and postoperative hospitalization duration.The two groups had comparable number and extent of lymph node dissection.Notably,both the overall incidence of postoperative complications and the Numerical Rating Scale score on postoperative day 3 were remarkably lower in the research group.Although the levels of IL-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor-α,C-reactive protein,cortisol,and adrenaline in the research group increased statistically postoperatively,they were still considerably lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION In patients with EEC,TTE not only reduces the risk of postoperative complications but also effectively alleviates the body’s inflammatory and stress responses associated with surgery.
文摘The existence of museums is humanity’s stubborn struggle against oblivion.When cultural relics are presented before our eyes,ancient civilizations gain a sense of reality,and people in history become present.
基金supported by the University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province(Grant Nos.2022AH040042 and 2022AH020029)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12172001)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2208085Y01)the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(Grant No.2022-YF069).
文摘Recent experiments have found that a liquid crystal elastomer(LCE)rod supported in the middle can rotate continuously under horizontal illumination due to the combined impacts of gravity and light-fueled lateral bend-ing deformation.Similar to traditional gravity-driven systems,it is constrained by the direction of gravity and cannot be applied in microgravity environments.This study introduces a lateral constraint to a liquid crystal elastomer rod system,enabling self-rotation under lighting from any direction,including horizontal and vertical illumination.Through theoretical modeling,the results indicate that the system can steadily rotate under the combined impacts of lateral forces and vertical illumination.Factors like thermal energy flux,thermal conduc-tivity coefficient,the LCE rod length,contraction coefficient,and friction coefficient affect the angular velocity of the self-rotation.The numerical computations align closely with the experimental data.Our proposed steadily self-rotating system features a simple structure with constant self-rotation.It operates independently of gravity direction,making it an excellent choice for special environments,such as the microgravity conditions on the Moon.The lateral constraint strategy presented in this study offers a general approach to expanding the applica-tions of gravity-driven self-sustained motion,with promising potential,especially in microgravity settings,where its versatility under varying lighting conditions could yield valuable insights.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3002800).
文摘The primary concern in stealth aircraft design is the very large electrical size objects.However,the computational and storage requirements of these objects present significant obstacles for current highfidelity design methods,particularly when addressing high-dimensional complex engineering design problems.To address these challenges,we developed a surface sensitivity technique based on the multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA).An access and storage of sparse partial derivative tensor was improved to significantly enhanced the computation performance.The far-field interactions of the surface sensitivity equation were realized by differential the multipole expansion.In addition,we proposed a fast far-field multiplication method to accelerate the multiplication process.The surface mesh derivative with respect to the design variables was calculated by analytical and complex variable methods,substantially improving computational efficiency.These advancements enabled the MLFMAbased surface sensitivity method to millions meshes and large-scale gradients,extending gradientbased optimization for very large electrical size problems.Test cases have verified the effectiveness of this method in optimizing very large electrical objects in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a type of cancer which causes high cancer-related mortality.Surgical operation and systematic chemical therapies are primary choices for the treatment of GC patients with advanced stages,however,the 5-year overall survival is only around 30%.AIM To investigate the role of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived long non-coding RNAs(lncRNA)NKILA in fatty acid oxidation and chemoresistance in GC cells,mediated through the miR-485-5p/STAT3 pathway.METHODS GC cell lines(AGS and MKN45)were co-cultured with human bone marrowderived MSCs were cultured.The MSC identity was confirmed by flow cytometry(CD73,CD90,CD105>95%positive,CD34,CD45 negative).Co-culture of GC cells and MSCs was performed in Transwell plates,where MSCs were placed in the upper chamber and GC cells in the lower chamber for 72 hours.For transfections,pcDNA-NKILA vectors,shSTAT3,and miR-485-5p mimics were utilized.Colony formation,apoptosis assays(Annexin V/PI staining),sphere formation,and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell proliferation,stemness,and chemoresistance.qPCR was used to analyze gene expression(Sox2,Oct4,CD133,LIN28,NKILA),and Western blotting assessed protein levels of stemness markers.Luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm miR-485-5p/STAT3 interactions,and biotin-labeled RNA pulldown was used to assess RNA-protein binding.Fatty acid oxidation was evaluated using a CPT1 activity assay andβ-oxidation rate detection.ATP levels were measured to assess the energetic status of GC cells.Clinical GC tissue samples were collected from patients at our hospital for validation.RESULTS MSCs were found to enhance the stemness and chemoresistance of GC cells.Co-culturing MKN45 and AGS cells with MSCs significantly increased sphere-forming ability and the expression of key cancer stem cell markers(SOX2,Oct4,LIN28,CD133),indicating that MSCs promote stem-like properties.Flow cytometry confirmed an enrichment of CD44+and CD133+subpopulations in MSC-treated GC cells.Additionally,MSC co-culture reduced chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and enhanced cell proliferation,suggesting a protective role in chemotherapy resistance.MSC-derived lncRNA NKILA further promoted stemness and chemoresistance,enhancing expression of stem cell markers and protecting cells from oxaliplatin and 5-FU-induced apoptosis.MSC co-culture also induced fatty acid oxidation in GC cells,as shown by increased CPT1 activity,β-oxidation rates,and ATP levels.NKILA mediated these effects by upregulating STAT3,which was confirmed to regulate fatty acid oxidation and chemoresistance.NKILA’s interaction with miR-485-5p further promoted STAT3 expression and fatty acid oxidation,reinforcing its role in maintaining stemness and enhancing chemoresistance.CONCLUSION MSCs enhance the stemness and chemoresistance of GC cells by secreting lncRNA NKILA,which promotes fatty acid oxidation through STAT3 activation.NKILA modulates the miR-485-5p/STAT3 axis,thereby increasing energy metabolism and supporting cancer stem cell properties.Targeting NKILA or the miR-485-5p/STAT3 pathway offers potential therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance in GC.
基金supported by the Postgraduate Innovation Fund Project by Southwest University of Science and Technology(No.24ycx2059)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41831285 and 51974261).
文摘In this study,nickel foam-loaded Mn and Ce bimetallic oxide composites were successfully synthesized as particle electrodes by a hydrothermal method and synergized with ozone for the efficient degradation of alizarin red(AR),a typical anthraquinone dye.The effects of common factors on the degradation rate of alizarin red were investigated.The optimal experimental conditions were derived as applied voltage=3.5 V,initial pH=5.5,NaCl concentration of 4.5 g/L,and initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L.The particle electrode had a high cyclic stability after five cycles.The active sites of the dye molecular structure were analyzed in combination with the Fukui function,and the degradation pathway of alizarin red was proposed on this basis.By comparing the degradation effect of alizarin red under three different systems of O3,3DER and 3DER-O3,it was confirmed that the three-dimensional electrode has a good synergistic effect in conjunction with ozone.Finally,the degradation mechanism of alizarin red under the CeO_(2)-MnO_(2)/NF synergistic ozone system was derived,in which the single linear oxygen(1O_(2))played a major role in the degradation process.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA1400700 and 2022YFA1404300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12022403 and 62375123)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20243009).
文摘Plasmonic colors are attracting attention for their subwavelength small size,vibrant hues,and environmental sustainability beyond traditional pigments while suffering from angular and/or polarization dependency due to distinct excitations of lattice resonances and/or surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs).Here,we demonstrate the sodium metasurface-based plasmonic color palettes with polarization-independent wide-view angle(approximately>〓〓60 deg in experiment and up to〓〓90 deg in theory)and single-particlelevel pixel size(down to∼60 nm)that integrate both pigment-like and structure coloring advantages,fabricated by the templated nanorod-pixelated solidification of wetted liquid metals.Such intriguing performances are mainly attributed to the particle plasmon dominant spectral response by steering the filling profile and thus the interplay between localized surface plasmons and SPPs.Combining low material cost,potentially scalable manufacturing process,and pronounced optical performance,the proposed sodium-based metasurfaces will provide a promising route for advanced color information technology.
基金the financial support by Yunnan Provincial Materials Fund Project Ⅱ(Grant No.202302AB080020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24A2037)the Liaoning Science and Technology Program(2024JH1/11700038).
文摘The GH3536(Hastelloy-X)nickel-based superalloy is increasingly applied in the aerospace industry due to its exceptional combination of excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength.Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is an additive manufacturing(AM)technology for producing metallic components with complex shapes using layer-by-layer manufacture principle.The debate has long prevailed as to research on eliminating anisotropy in the forming of GH3536 alloy through LPBF technology.In this study,the anisotropy of microstructure and mechanical properties of GH3536 alloy formed by LPBF was investigated using different scanning strategies(0°,90°,67°,checkerboard,and contour).The scanning strategy was optimized to reduce the weaving differences between the horizontal and vertical directions of the microstructure of the LPBF formed GH3536 alloy,which in turn reduces the anisotropy of the properties in both directions.The results of the tensile specimens indicate that except for the horizontal specimens produced using the contour scanning strategy,the strength of all other specimens exceeds that of the vertical specimens.Additionally,differences in elongation are observed,demonstrating that the GH3536 alloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion exhibits anisotropic properties.According to electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)analysis,the grain boundary strengthening and geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)impede dislocation motion during tensile deformation along the horizontal direction.Consequently,this mechanism negatively affects both the tensile strength and ductility in that orientation.The anisotropy in tensile strength and plasticity is attributed to the different crack sensitivities in the two tensile directions.In addition,specimens molded using different scanning strategies exhibit varying degrees of anisotropy,strength,and elongation due to different degrees of texture strengthening,grain boundary strengthening,and dislocation strengthening effects.Regardless of the stretching direction,the combined tensile properties of the 0°and contoured specimens are the worst under the room temperature and 815℃ stretching conditions.The 67°specimens exhibit the best combined tensile properties.Therefore,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the LPBF formed GH3536 alloy can be positively mitigated by modulating the scanning strategy.
基金supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.51625502)Innovative Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51721092)Innovative Group Project of Hubei Province of China(No.2017CFA003)。
文摘Due to the advantages of large workspace,low cost and the integrated vision/force sensing,robotic milling has become an important way for machining of complex parts.In recent years,many scholars have studied the problems existing in the applications of robotic milling,and lots of results have been made in the dynamics,pose planning,deformation control etc.,which provides theoretical guidance for high precision and high efficiency of robotic milling.From the perspective of complex parts robotic milling,this paper focuses on machining process planning and control techniques including the analysis of the robot-workspace,robot trajectory planning,vibration monitoring and control,deformation monitoring and compensation.As well as the principles of these technologies such as robot stiffness characteristics,dynamic characteristics,chatter mechanisms,and deformation mechanisms.The methods and characteristics related to the theory and technology of robotic milling of complex parts are summarized systematically.The latest research progress and achievements in the relevant fields are reviewed.It is hoped that the challenges,strategies and development related to robotic milling could be clarified through the carding work in this paper,so as to promote the application of related theories and technologies in high efficiency and precision intelligent milling with robot for complex parts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279026)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0138900)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist sponsorship program by CAST(no.20200148)the Natural Science Funds of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2021B003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.HIT.OCEF.2022017).
文摘Micrometer-sized silicon oxide(SiO)anodes encounter challenges in large-scale applications due to significant volume expansion during the alloy/de-alloy process.Herein,an innovative deep eutectic electrolyte derived from succinonitrile is introduced to enhance the cycling stability of SiO anodes.Density functional theory calculations validate a robust ion-dipole interaction between lithium ions(Li^(+))and succinonitrile(SN).The cosolvent fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)optimizes the Li^(+)solvation structure in the SN-based electrolyte with its weakly solvating ability.Molecular dynamics simulations investigate the regulating mechanism of ion-dipole and cation-anion interaction.The unique Li^(+)solvation structure,enriched with FEC and TFSI^(-),facilitates the formation of an inorganic-organic composite solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anodes.Micro-CT further detects the inhibiting effect on the SiO volume expansion.As a result,the SiO|LiCoO_(2) full cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in deep eutectic-based electrolytes.This work presents an effective strategy for extending the cycle life of SiO anodes by designing a new SN-based deep eutectic electrolyte.
基金supported by a grant from the Exploration Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ22H160031)。
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common malignancy with high mortality.Liver resection(LR)is a curative treatment for early-stage HCC,but the prognosis of HCC patients after LR is unsatisfactory because of tumor recurrence.Prognostic prediction models with great performance are urgently needed.The present study aimed to establish a novel prognostic nomogram to predict tumor recurrence in HCC patients after LR.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 726 HCC patients who underwent LR between October 2011 and December 2016.Patients were randomly divided into the training cohort(n=508)and the testing cohort(n=218).The protein expression of 14 biomarkers in tumor tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The nomogram predicting recurrence-free survival(RFS)was established by a multivariate Cox regression analysis model and was evaluated by calibration curves,Kaplan-Meier survival curves,time-dependent areas under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves(AUCs),and decision curve analyses in both the training and testing cohorts.Results:Alpha-fetoprotein[hazard ratio(HR)=1.013,P=0.002],portal vein tumor thrombosis(HR=1.833,P<0.001),ascites(HR=2.024,P=0.014),tumor diameter(HR=1.075,P<0.001),Ecadherin(HR=0.859,P=0.011),EMA(HR=1.196,P=0.022),and PCNA(HR=1.174,P=0.031)immunohistochemistry scores were found to be independent factors for RFS.The 1-year and 3-year AUCs of the nomogram for RFS were 0.813 and 0.739,respectively.The patients were divided into the high-risk group and the low-risk group by median value which was generated from the nomogram,and Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the high-risk group had a shorter RFS than the low-risk group in both the training(P<0.001)and testing cohorts(P<0.001).Conclusions:Our newly developed nomogram integrated clinicopathological data and key gene expression data,and was verified to have high accuracy in predicting the RFS of HCC patients after LR.This model could be used for early identification of patients at high-risk of postoperative recurrence.
