Tough elastomers and gels have garnered broad research interest due to their wide-ranging potential applications.However,during the loading and unloading cycles,a clear stress softening behavior can be observed in man...Tough elastomers and gels have garnered broad research interest due to their wide-ranging potential applications.However,during the loading and unloading cycles,a clear stress softening behavior can be observed in many material systems,which is also named as the Mullins effect.In this work,we aim to provide a complete review of the Mullins effect in soft yet tough materials,specifically focusing on nanocomposite gels,double-network hydrogels,and multi-network elastomers.We first revisit the experimental observations for these soft materials.We then discuss the recent developments of constitutive models,emphasizing novel developments in the damage mechanisms or network representations.Some phenomenological models will also be briefly introduced.Particular attention is then placed on the anisotropic and multiaxial modeling aspects.It is demonstrated that most of the existing models fail to accurately predict the multiaxial data,posing a significant challenge for developing future anisotropic models tailored for tough gels and elastomers.展开更多
The damage models based on the eight-chain model and the affine full-chain network model are not adequate to describe the damage behaviors in double-network(DN)hydrogels.To overcome this limitation,we propose a combin...The damage models based on the eight-chain model and the affine full-chain network model are not adequate to describe the damage behaviors in double-network(DN)hydrogels.To overcome this limitation,we propose a combined chain stretch model with new damage flow rules.It is demonstrated that the new proposed micro-chain stretch is a reduced form of the complete representation for the transversely isotropic tensor function.As a result,the damage models based on the eight-chain model and the affine model are incorporated as special cases.The effects of chain affineness and network entangling are simultaneously involved in the new model,while only one of these two effects can be characterized in either the eight-chain model or the affine model.It is further shown that the new model can effectively capture the Mullins features of the DN hydrogels and achieve better agreement with the experimental data than the affine model and the eight-chain model.展开更多
Ocean fronts play important roles in nutrient transport and in the shaping ecological patterns.Frontal zones in small bays are typically small in scale,have a complex structure,and they are spatially and temporally va...Ocean fronts play important roles in nutrient transport and in the shaping ecological patterns.Frontal zones in small bays are typically small in scale,have a complex structure,and they are spatially and temporally variable,but there are limited data on how biological communities respond to this variation.Hangzhou Bay,a mediumsized estuary in China,is an ideal place in which to study the response of plankton to small-scale ocean fronts,because three water masses(Qiantang River Diluted Water,Changjiang River Diluted Water,and the East China Sea current) converge here and form dynamic salinity fronts throughout the year.We investigate zooplankton communities,and temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a(Chl a) in Hangzhou Bay in June(wet perio d) and December(dry period) of 2022 and examine the dominant environmental factors that affect zooplankton community spatial variability.We then match the spatial distributions of zooplankton communities with those of salinity fronts.S alinity is the most important explanatory variable to affect zooplankton community spatial variability during both wet and dry periods,in that it contributes>60% of the variability in community structure.Furthermore,the spatial distributions of zooplankton match well with salinity fronts.During December,with weaker Qiantang River Diluted Water and a stronger secondary Changjiang River Plume,zooplankton communities occur in moderate salinity(MS,salinity range 15.6±2.2) and high salinity(HS,22.4±1.7) regions,and their ecological boundaries closely match the Qiantang River Diluted Water front.In June,different zooplankton communities occur in low salinity(LS,3.9±1.0),MS(11.7±3.6) and HS(21.3±1.9) regions.Although the LS region occurs abnormally in the central bay rather than its apex because of the anomalous influence of rising and falling tides during the sampling perio d,the ecological boundaries still match salinity interfaces.Low-salinity or brackish-water zooplankter taxa are relatively more abundant in LS or MS regions,and the biomass and abundance of zooplankton is higher in the MS region.展开更多
目的了解DRG支付改革政策实施前后天津市糖尿病患者住院情况及其费用构成变化趋势,分析DRG政策改革成效及可能存在的问题。方法基于2021—2023年天津市DRG实施前后医保结算数据,采用结构变动度(degree of structure variation,DSV)、灰...目的了解DRG支付改革政策实施前后天津市糖尿病患者住院情况及其费用构成变化趋势,分析DRG政策改革成效及可能存在的问题。方法基于2021—2023年天津市DRG实施前后医保结算数据,采用结构变动度(degree of structure variation,DSV)、灰色关联(grey correlation analysis,GRA)和中断时间序列(interrupt time series,ITS)分析,研究DRG政策对糖尿病患者住院情况及费用的影响。结果相比改革前,改革后糖尿病住院患者急诊入院率上升(P<0.001),住院天数、住院费用、综合医疗服务费、药品费、卫生材料费以及个人负担均降低(P<0.001)。DSV和GRA分析结果显示,影响糖尿病患者住院费用的主要因素是检查费、化验费、综合医疗服务费和药品费。ITS分析结果显示,DRG改革后患者次均住院费用平均下降281.50元(P<0.001),月增长速度由改革前56.15元逆转为-42.51元(P<0.001),个人负担降幅增加(P<0.001)。除检查费外,各项住院费用构成增长趋势均逆转(P<0.001)。其中综合医疗服务费降幅最大,月增长速度由改革前21.68元逆转为-17.23元(P<0.001),其次为药品费、化验费和卫生材料费。结论天津市DRG支付方式改革成效显著、降本增效成果明显,有效降低了患者经济负担。但急诊入院率的升高和仍不合理的费用结构,提示DRG改革仍需进一步优化。展开更多
目的探讨3C疗法(CGMS:实时动态血糖监测,CSII:胰岛素泵持续皮下输注,Carelink:糖尿病管理软件)对青年糖尿病患者疗效的影响及相关因素。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月在惠州市中心人民医院治疗的128例青年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据...目的探讨3C疗法(CGMS:实时动态血糖监测,CSII:胰岛素泵持续皮下输注,Carelink:糖尿病管理软件)对青年糖尿病患者疗效的影响及相关因素。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月在惠州市中心人民医院治疗的128例青年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组(n=72)和观察组(n=56)。对照组给予CSII治疗,观察组给予3C疗法。对比分析两组近期疗效:血糖波动指标、血糖≤3.9 mmol/L曲线下面积(AUC3.9)、血糖达标率、胰岛素使用量和C肽浓度(达标后),远期疗效:糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及慢性并发症发生情况。同时采用Logistic回归法分析导致血糖达标率和远期并发症发生率的危险因素。结果在血糖控制上,除血糖标准差外,两组在平均血糖、平均血糖波动幅度、最大血糖波动幅度、AUC3.9和低血糖发生率上差异明显,且具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组血糖达标率和空腹C肽浓度(达标后)均明显升高,而胰岛素使用量则明显减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组HbA1c和慢性并发症发生率明显降低,后者以脑血管意外最为常见,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析得知,2 h C肽(治疗前)、AUC3.9和治疗方法是影响青年糖尿病患者血糖达标率的重要因素;而平均病程、治疗方法和治疗前收缩压及胰岛素抵抗指数则是影响其慢性并发症发生率的重要因素。结论与CSII法比较,3C疗法在提高青年糖尿病患者达标率和降低其慢性并发症发生率上疗效更好,值得推广。展开更多
The turbidity maximum zone(TMZ)is a distinctive aquatic environment marked by consistently higher turbidity compared to upstream and downstream section.In the TMZ,physicochemical properties such as intense light limit...The turbidity maximum zone(TMZ)is a distinctive aquatic environment marked by consistently higher turbidity compared to upstream and downstream section.In the TMZ,physicochemical properties such as intense light limitation,abundant nutrients,and rapid salinity shifts play a crucial role in shaping phytoplankton dynamics.The Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay(QRE-HZB)is a macrotidal estuary system known for its exceptionally high suspended solids concentration.To investigate the impact of TMZ on the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton in the QRE-HZB,we conducted three cruises in dry,wet,and dry-to-wet transition seasons during 2022-2023,by assessing parameters including size fractionated chlorophyll a(chl a),turbidity,Secchi depth,temperature,salinity,nutrients,and mesozooplankton.Results reveal significant variations in the TMZ and associated environmental factors in different periods,which markedly influenced the phytoplankton chl-a concentration,size structure,and cell activity(pheophytin/chl a).The chl-a concentration was high with micro-phytoplankton predominance in wet season,while nano-phytoplankton dominated in dry season.Within the TMZ,lower chl-a concentrations and pico-chl-a contributions,alongside higher pheophytin/chl-a and micro-chl-a contributions,were observed.The Spearman’s rank correlation and generalized additive model analyses indicated strong correlations of chl-a concentrations with turbidity,nutrients,and mesozooplankton.Redundancy analysis further revealed that salinity,nutrients,and turbidity significantly regulated variations in size structure.Phytoplankton mortality within the TMZ was primarily driven by high turbidity and salinity fluctuations,reflecting the vigorous resuspension and mixing of freshwater and seawater in the QRE-HZB.These findings highlight that the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton were strongly regulated by the TMZ and associated physicochemical factors in the macrotidal QRE-HZB.展开更多
Objective:To uncover the characteristics of tick-borne viruses in Guizhou Province.Methods:A total of 414 Rhipicephalus microplus were collected from 5 counties in Guizhou Province,China from August 2022 to October 20...Objective:To uncover the characteristics of tick-borne viruses in Guizhou Province.Methods:A total of 414 Rhipicephalus microplus were collected from 5 counties in Guizhou Province,China from August 2022 to October 2023.A group of 12 ticks from each study sites was sequenced by next generation sequencing.Results:8 contigs of Wuhan mivirus(Chuviridae,Mivirus)with the length of 2094 bp to 11580 bp and 4 contigs of Lihan tick virus(Phenuiviridae,Uukuvirus)with the length of 1401 bp to 7080 bp were obtained,respectively.The prevalence rate of Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus was 51.98%and 11.30%,respectively.The identities of gene sequences of both Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus were 94%-100%compared with sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information.The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Wuhan mivirus detected in this study was in the same branch with the Wuhan mivirus of Sichuan isolate TIGMIC-27(NCBI Accession:OP628598)and Zhejiang isolate TIGMIC-45(NCBI Accession:OP628613).In addition,the Lihan tick virus was in the same branch with the Sichuan Lihan tick virus isolate TIGMIC-46(NCBI Accession:ON812358).Conclusions:Both Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus were prevalent in Rhipicephalus microplus in Guizhou Province.More studies are needed to understand the pathogenicity and public health threats of these tick-borne viruses.展开更多
The inflation tests of rubbery membranes have been widely employed as an efficient method to characterize the stress response as biaxial loading states.However,most of the previous theoretical works have employed clas...The inflation tests of rubbery membranes have been widely employed as an efficient method to characterize the stress response as biaxial loading states.However,most of the previous theoretical works have employed classic hyperelastic models to analyze the deformation behaviors of inflated membranes.The classic models have been demonstrated to lack the ability to capturing the biaxial deformation of rubbers.To address this issue,we have combined the analytical method and the finite element simulation to investigate the deformation response of soft membranes with different constitutive relationships.For the analytical method,the governing ordinary differential equations have been set up for the boundary value problem of inflation tests and further solved using the shooting method.The analytical results are consistent with those obtained from finite element simulation.The results show that the deformation belongs to the unequal biaxial condition rather than the equi-biaxial state unless a neo-Hookean model is adopted.We also perform a parameter study using the extended eight-chain model,which shows that a change in different parameters affects the mechanical response of inflation tests variously.This work may shed light on the future experimental characterization of soft materials using inflation experiments.展开更多
Cognitive impairment is a common symptom of various neurodegenerative diseases.In recent years,an increasing body of research has focused on the relationship between oral microbiota and cognitive impairment.This revie...Cognitive impairment is a common symptom of various neurodegenerative diseases.In recent years,an increasing body of research has focused on the relationship between oral microbiota and cognitive impairment.This review aims to explore the microbial homeostasis of oral microbiota and its interactions and mechanisms with the host,as well as the impact of specific pathogenic bacteria on cognitive function.By summarizing existing studies,this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis,risk assessment,and early intervention and treatment strategies for cognitive impairment.展开更多
目的:探讨葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的潜在靶点和机制。方法:用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)检索、筛选葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤...目的:探讨葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的潜在靶点和机制。方法:用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)检索、筛选葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤的活性成分,分析潜在作用靶点;通过GeneCards、Disgenet、OMIM数据库检索相关基因,进行GO生物分析。结果:①通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)检索、筛选葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤的活性成分分别为371个和180个,相应得到194个及174个潜在作用靶点。通过GeneCards、Disgenet、OMIM数据库检索cervical spondylosis的相关基因,得到211个和cervical spondylosis的关键靶点,取交集后得到葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤共有-cervical spondylosis交集基因有12个(ESR1、IFNG、IL1B、IL6、MMP3、PTGS2、SOD1、TNF、TP53、COL3A1、DRD5、HMGCR);②GO生物分析显示葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要生物过程与病毒过程、抑制表观遗传、促进及抑制RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子的转录等有关;③KEGG通路显示葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要通路与肿瘤通路,HTLV-I感染,乙肝,MAPK通路,细胞周期,病毒致癌过程,EB病毒致癌等密切相关;结论:推测葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要机制可能是葛根汤及黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗的主要成分槲皮素、芍药苷、β-谷甾醇、芒柄花黄素、(+)-儿茶素、甘草酚等通过作用于ESR1、IFNG、IL1B、IL6、MMP3、PTGS2、SOD1、TNF、TP53、COL3A1、DRD5、HMGCR等靶点,从而参与调控MAPK信号通路、肿瘤信号通路,通过调节软骨及椎间盘细胞增殖凋亡以及调节细胞周期、促进神经修复等过程而达到治疗颈椎病的作用。该研究只是对作用机制的预测探讨,具体的作用机制还需以后的实验进一步验证。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12321002,12211530061,12022204,and 12202378)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LD22A020001)the 111 Project(Grant No.B21034).
文摘Tough elastomers and gels have garnered broad research interest due to their wide-ranging potential applications.However,during the loading and unloading cycles,a clear stress softening behavior can be observed in many material systems,which is also named as the Mullins effect.In this work,we aim to provide a complete review of the Mullins effect in soft yet tough materials,specifically focusing on nanocomposite gels,double-network hydrogels,and multi-network elastomers.We first revisit the experimental observations for these soft materials.We then discuss the recent developments of constitutive models,emphasizing novel developments in the damage mechanisms or network representations.Some phenomenological models will also be briefly introduced.Particular attention is then placed on the anisotropic and multiaxial modeling aspects.It is demonstrated that most of the existing models fail to accurately predict the multiaxial data,posing a significant challenge for developing future anisotropic models tailored for tough gels and elastomers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12022204,the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LD22A020001,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2021FZZX001-16).
文摘The damage models based on the eight-chain model and the affine full-chain network model are not adequate to describe the damage behaviors in double-network(DN)hydrogels.To overcome this limitation,we propose a combined chain stretch model with new damage flow rules.It is demonstrated that the new proposed micro-chain stretch is a reduced form of the complete representation for the transversely isotropic tensor function.As a result,the damage models based on the eight-chain model and the affine model are incorporated as special cases.The effects of chain affineness and network entangling are simultaneously involved in the new model,while only one of these two effects can be characterized in either the eight-chain model or the affine model.It is further shown that the new model can effectively capture the Mullins features of the DN hydrogels and achieve better agreement with the experimental data than the affine model and the eight-chain model.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contact No.2021YFC3101702the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under contact Nos LY22D060006 and LY14D060007+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang under contact No.2022C03044the Project of Long-term Observation and Research Plan in the Changjiang Estuary and Adjacent East China Sea (LORCE) under contact No.SZ2001。
文摘Ocean fronts play important roles in nutrient transport and in the shaping ecological patterns.Frontal zones in small bays are typically small in scale,have a complex structure,and they are spatially and temporally variable,but there are limited data on how biological communities respond to this variation.Hangzhou Bay,a mediumsized estuary in China,is an ideal place in which to study the response of plankton to small-scale ocean fronts,because three water masses(Qiantang River Diluted Water,Changjiang River Diluted Water,and the East China Sea current) converge here and form dynamic salinity fronts throughout the year.We investigate zooplankton communities,and temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a(Chl a) in Hangzhou Bay in June(wet perio d) and December(dry period) of 2022 and examine the dominant environmental factors that affect zooplankton community spatial variability.We then match the spatial distributions of zooplankton communities with those of salinity fronts.S alinity is the most important explanatory variable to affect zooplankton community spatial variability during both wet and dry periods,in that it contributes>60% of the variability in community structure.Furthermore,the spatial distributions of zooplankton match well with salinity fronts.During December,with weaker Qiantang River Diluted Water and a stronger secondary Changjiang River Plume,zooplankton communities occur in moderate salinity(MS,salinity range 15.6±2.2) and high salinity(HS,22.4±1.7) regions,and their ecological boundaries closely match the Qiantang River Diluted Water front.In June,different zooplankton communities occur in low salinity(LS,3.9±1.0),MS(11.7±3.6) and HS(21.3±1.9) regions.Although the LS region occurs abnormally in the central bay rather than its apex because of the anomalous influence of rising and falling tides during the sampling perio d,the ecological boundaries still match salinity interfaces.Low-salinity or brackish-water zooplankter taxa are relatively more abundant in LS or MS regions,and the biomass and abundance of zooplankton is higher in the MS region.
文摘目的了解DRG支付改革政策实施前后天津市糖尿病患者住院情况及其费用构成变化趋势,分析DRG政策改革成效及可能存在的问题。方法基于2021—2023年天津市DRG实施前后医保结算数据,采用结构变动度(degree of structure variation,DSV)、灰色关联(grey correlation analysis,GRA)和中断时间序列(interrupt time series,ITS)分析,研究DRG政策对糖尿病患者住院情况及费用的影响。结果相比改革前,改革后糖尿病住院患者急诊入院率上升(P<0.001),住院天数、住院费用、综合医疗服务费、药品费、卫生材料费以及个人负担均降低(P<0.001)。DSV和GRA分析结果显示,影响糖尿病患者住院费用的主要因素是检查费、化验费、综合医疗服务费和药品费。ITS分析结果显示,DRG改革后患者次均住院费用平均下降281.50元(P<0.001),月增长速度由改革前56.15元逆转为-42.51元(P<0.001),个人负担降幅增加(P<0.001)。除检查费外,各项住院费用构成增长趋势均逆转(P<0.001)。其中综合医疗服务费降幅最大,月增长速度由改革前21.68元逆转为-17.23元(P<0.001),其次为药品费、化验费和卫生材料费。结论天津市DRG支付方式改革成效显著、降本增效成果明显,有效降低了患者经济负担。但急诊入院率的升高和仍不合理的费用结构,提示DRG改革仍需进一步优化。
文摘目的探讨3C疗法(CGMS:实时动态血糖监测,CSII:胰岛素泵持续皮下输注,Carelink:糖尿病管理软件)对青年糖尿病患者疗效的影响及相关因素。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月在惠州市中心人民医院治疗的128例青年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组(n=72)和观察组(n=56)。对照组给予CSII治疗,观察组给予3C疗法。对比分析两组近期疗效:血糖波动指标、血糖≤3.9 mmol/L曲线下面积(AUC3.9)、血糖达标率、胰岛素使用量和C肽浓度(达标后),远期疗效:糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及慢性并发症发生情况。同时采用Logistic回归法分析导致血糖达标率和远期并发症发生率的危险因素。结果在血糖控制上,除血糖标准差外,两组在平均血糖、平均血糖波动幅度、最大血糖波动幅度、AUC3.9和低血糖发生率上差异明显,且具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组血糖达标率和空腹C肽浓度(达标后)均明显升高,而胰岛素使用量则明显减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组HbA1c和慢性并发症发生率明显降低,后者以脑血管意外最为常见,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析得知,2 h C肽(治疗前)、AUC3.9和治疗方法是影响青年糖尿病患者血糖达标率的重要因素;而平均病程、治疗方法和治疗前收缩压及胰岛素抵抗指数则是影响其慢性并发症发生率的重要因素。结论与CSII法比较,3C疗法在提高青年糖尿病患者达标率和降低其慢性并发症发生率上疗效更好,值得推广。
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021 YFC 3101702)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2022 C 03044)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR(No.JG 1521)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics,Second Institute of Oceanography(No.SOEDZZ 2202)the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(Phase Ⅱ)-Hypoxia and Acidification Monitoring and Warning Project in the Changjiang River estuary,and Long-term Observation and Research Plan in the Changjiang River estuary and Adjacent East China Sea(LORCE)Project(No.SZ 2001)。
文摘The turbidity maximum zone(TMZ)is a distinctive aquatic environment marked by consistently higher turbidity compared to upstream and downstream section.In the TMZ,physicochemical properties such as intense light limitation,abundant nutrients,and rapid salinity shifts play a crucial role in shaping phytoplankton dynamics.The Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay(QRE-HZB)is a macrotidal estuary system known for its exceptionally high suspended solids concentration.To investigate the impact of TMZ on the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton in the QRE-HZB,we conducted three cruises in dry,wet,and dry-to-wet transition seasons during 2022-2023,by assessing parameters including size fractionated chlorophyll a(chl a),turbidity,Secchi depth,temperature,salinity,nutrients,and mesozooplankton.Results reveal significant variations in the TMZ and associated environmental factors in different periods,which markedly influenced the phytoplankton chl-a concentration,size structure,and cell activity(pheophytin/chl a).The chl-a concentration was high with micro-phytoplankton predominance in wet season,while nano-phytoplankton dominated in dry season.Within the TMZ,lower chl-a concentrations and pico-chl-a contributions,alongside higher pheophytin/chl-a and micro-chl-a contributions,were observed.The Spearman’s rank correlation and generalized additive model analyses indicated strong correlations of chl-a concentrations with turbidity,nutrients,and mesozooplankton.Redundancy analysis further revealed that salinity,nutrients,and turbidity significantly regulated variations in size structure.Phytoplankton mortality within the TMZ was primarily driven by high turbidity and salinity fluctuations,reflecting the vigorous resuspension and mixing of freshwater and seawater in the QRE-HZB.These findings highlight that the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton were strongly regulated by the TMZ and associated physicochemical factors in the macrotidal QRE-HZB.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82160633 and 81760605)the GZPH-NSFC-2021-17,the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(Natural Science MS[2025](No.497)+1 种基金the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity of China(Grant No.SKLPBS2442)the High-level and Innovative Talents of Guizhou Province(QKH-GCC[2022]033-1).
文摘Objective:To uncover the characteristics of tick-borne viruses in Guizhou Province.Methods:A total of 414 Rhipicephalus microplus were collected from 5 counties in Guizhou Province,China from August 2022 to October 2023.A group of 12 ticks from each study sites was sequenced by next generation sequencing.Results:8 contigs of Wuhan mivirus(Chuviridae,Mivirus)with the length of 2094 bp to 11580 bp and 4 contigs of Lihan tick virus(Phenuiviridae,Uukuvirus)with the length of 1401 bp to 7080 bp were obtained,respectively.The prevalence rate of Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus was 51.98%and 11.30%,respectively.The identities of gene sequences of both Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus were 94%-100%compared with sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information.The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Wuhan mivirus detected in this study was in the same branch with the Wuhan mivirus of Sichuan isolate TIGMIC-27(NCBI Accession:OP628598)and Zhejiang isolate TIGMIC-45(NCBI Accession:OP628613).In addition,the Lihan tick virus was in the same branch with the Sichuan Lihan tick virus isolate TIGMIC-46(NCBI Accession:ON812358).Conclusions:Both Wuhan mivirus and Lihan tick virus were prevalent in Rhipicephalus microplus in Guizhou Province.More studies are needed to understand the pathogenicity and public health threats of these tick-borne viruses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12211530061 and 12321002)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LD22A020001)the 111 Project(Grant No.B21034).
文摘The inflation tests of rubbery membranes have been widely employed as an efficient method to characterize the stress response as biaxial loading states.However,most of the previous theoretical works have employed classic hyperelastic models to analyze the deformation behaviors of inflated membranes.The classic models have been demonstrated to lack the ability to capturing the biaxial deformation of rubbers.To address this issue,we have combined the analytical method and the finite element simulation to investigate the deformation response of soft membranes with different constitutive relationships.For the analytical method,the governing ordinary differential equations have been set up for the boundary value problem of inflation tests and further solved using the shooting method.The analytical results are consistent with those obtained from finite element simulation.The results show that the deformation belongs to the unequal biaxial condition rather than the equi-biaxial state unless a neo-Hookean model is adopted.We also perform a parameter study using the extended eight-chain model,which shows that a change in different parameters affects the mechanical response of inflation tests variously.This work may shed light on the future experimental characterization of soft materials using inflation experiments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.:72364005)。
文摘Cognitive impairment is a common symptom of various neurodegenerative diseases.In recent years,an increasing body of research has focused on the relationship between oral microbiota and cognitive impairment.This review aims to explore the microbial homeostasis of oral microbiota and its interactions and mechanisms with the host,as well as the impact of specific pathogenic bacteria on cognitive function.By summarizing existing studies,this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis,risk assessment,and early intervention and treatment strategies for cognitive impairment.
文摘目的:探讨葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的潜在靶点和机制。方法:用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)检索、筛选葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤的活性成分,分析潜在作用靶点;通过GeneCards、Disgenet、OMIM数据库检索相关基因,进行GO生物分析。结果:①通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)检索、筛选葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤的活性成分分别为371个和180个,相应得到194个及174个潜在作用靶点。通过GeneCards、Disgenet、OMIM数据库检索cervical spondylosis的相关基因,得到211个和cervical spondylosis的关键靶点,取交集后得到葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤共有-cervical spondylosis交集基因有12个(ESR1、IFNG、IL1B、IL6、MMP3、PTGS2、SOD1、TNF、TP53、COL3A1、DRD5、HMGCR);②GO生物分析显示葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要生物过程与病毒过程、抑制表观遗传、促进及抑制RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子的转录等有关;③KEGG通路显示葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要通路与肿瘤通路,HTLV-I感染,乙肝,MAPK通路,细胞周期,病毒致癌过程,EB病毒致癌等密切相关;结论:推测葛根汤和黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗颈椎病的主要机制可能是葛根汤及黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗的主要成分槲皮素、芍药苷、β-谷甾醇、芒柄花黄素、(+)-儿茶素、甘草酚等通过作用于ESR1、IFNG、IL1B、IL6、MMP3、PTGS2、SOD1、TNF、TP53、COL3A1、DRD5、HMGCR等靶点,从而参与调控MAPK信号通路、肿瘤信号通路,通过调节软骨及椎间盘细胞增殖凋亡以及调节细胞周期、促进神经修复等过程而达到治疗颈椎病的作用。该研究只是对作用机制的预测探讨,具体的作用机制还需以后的实验进一步验证。
