Amorphous materials are one of the important candidates for improving heterogeneous photocata-lysts because of their unique electronic structures and abundant catalytic sites originating from dis-order atomic arrangem...Amorphous materials are one of the important candidates for improving heterogeneous photocata-lysts because of their unique electronic structures and abundant catalytic sites originating from dis-order atomic arrangements.However,there is still much room for the development of new crys-talline/amorphous heterogeneous composites for photocatalytic application.Hence efficient synthetic strategies for preparing new crystalline/amorphous heterojunctions are highly desired.Herein,we have realized the deep optimization of photocatalytic activity by fabricating crystalline/amorphous Cu_(2)O/Ti-Fe layer double hydroxide(LDH)heterojunctions.Thanks to the typical Z-scheme mechanism originating from the crystalline/amorphous interfaces,the photocharge separation and catalytic active sites obviously enhance compared to single Cu_(2)O and LDH counterparts.As expected,the photocatalytic removal of tetra-cycline(TC)of the as-prepared Cu_(2)O/Ti-Fe LDH was over 5.2 and 2.2 times those of the pristine Cu_(2)O nanospheres and Ti-Fe LDH nanosheets.This work illustrates the origin of crystalline Cu_(2)O nanospheres encapsulated in amorphous Ti-Fe layer double hydroxide nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic activity driven by visible light,and provide a general Cu_(2)O-templated solution-phase synthetic method for the synthesis of novel double-metal layer double hydroxide amorphous nanostructures.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),a globally widespread pathogen affecting half of the global population,has been increasingly implicated in metabolic disorders,including obesity,dyslipidemia,and metabolic dysf...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),a globally widespread pathogen affecting half of the global population,has been increasingly implicated in metabolic disorders,including obesity,dyslipidemia,and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).MASLD is a common condition,impacting nearly one in four adults globally.It also shares significant pathophysiological links with metabolic syndrome.Despite the fact that mechanistic hypotheses(such as oxidative stress and inflammation)have been proposed to explain these relationships,large-scale studies comprehensively assessing multifactorial metabolic associations are lacking.We proposed that H.pylori infection may independently correlate with unfavorable metabolic profiles and the presence of MASLD among adults in a large cohort.AIM To investigate the associations of H.pylori infection with obesity,glucose,lipids,blood pressure,and MASLD in Chinese adults.METHODS This study included 28624 adults recruited from the Physical Examination Center at Nanchang University's Second Affiliated Hospital.The 13C-urea breath test was used to identify H.pylori infection,while abdominal ultrasound was employed for MASLD diagnosis.The relationships between H.pylori infection and metabolic factors were analyzed via multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS The overall H.pylori infection incidence was 26.8%,with higher rates observed in older adults(≥70 years:26.1%vs 18-29 years:24.6%,P<0.001)and obese individuals[body mass index(BMI)≥28 kg/m^(2):30.0%vs normal BMI:25.3%,P<0.001].H.pylori-positive individuals exhibited elevated blood glucose(5.43±1.55 mmol/L vs 5.27±1.23 mmol/L,P<0.001),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(2.97±0.76 mmol/L vs 2.94±0.75 mmol/L,P<0.001),and blood pressure(systolic:123.49±19.06 mmHg vs 122.85±18.33 mmHg,P=0.009;diastolic:75.48±12.37 vs 74.9 mmHg±11.9 mmHg,P<0.001)levels.Among MASLD patients,infection was associated with increased glucose(5.82±1.95 mmol/L vs 5.60±1.60 mmol/L,P<0.001),total cholesterol(5.05±1.03 mmol/L vs 5.00±1.00 mmol/L,P=0.039),BMI(26.23±3.00 kg/m^(2)vs 26.04±2.96 kg/m^(2),P=0.004),and blood pressure(systolic:129.5±20.00 mmHg vs 128.49±17.62 mmHg,P=0.009;diastolic:79.87±12.07 mmHg vs 79.04±11.76 mmHg,P=0.002)levels.Multivariate analysis demonstrated elevated glucose[odds ratio(OR)=1.079,P<0.001],BMI(OR=1.016,P=0.002),and diastolic pressure(OR=1.003,P=0.048)levels as independent risk factors,with high-density lipoprotein(HDL)being observed as a protective factor(OR=0.837,P<0.001).CONCLUSION H.pylori infection correlates with older age,obesity,elevated glucose levels,and elevated diastolic blood pressure,whereas HDL protects against H.pylori infection,thus underscoring its role in metabolic disturbances and MASLD.展开更多
Stroke can be categorized as ischemic and hemorrhagic on the basis of its origin.The pathophysiology following a stroke is complex,and is characterized by ongoing inflammation,neuronal injury,and the accumulation of r...Stroke can be categorized as ischemic and hemorrhagic on the basis of its origin.The pathophysiology following a stroke is complex,and is characterized by ongoing inflammation,neuronal injury,and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the brain,all of which reflect a dynamic process of change.This complexity hinders achievement of significant therapeutic outcomes with standard stroke treatment procedures,limiting post-stroke recovery.This review presents an innovative post-stroke therapeutic approach that utilizes nanomedicines to modify the cerebral microenvironment.It highlights the primary roles of chronic inflammation and nerve repair issues in causing prolonged impairment in stroke patients.Traditional therapies show limited effectiveness in achieving neuroprotection,immunoregulation,and neural regeneration during the subacute and chronic phases of stroke.Therefore,effective stroke management requires the use of specific therapeutic strategies tailored to the pathological characteristics of each phase.Various types of nanomedicines possess distinct physicochemical properties and can be selected on the basis of the specific therapeutic needs.Surface-modification technologies have significantly enhanced the ability of nanomedicines to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and improve their targeting capabilities in drug administration.However,the stability,biocompatibility,and long-term safety of nanomedicines require further optimization for clinical application.Nanomedicines represent a novel approach to stroke treatment through targeted delivery and multifaceted regulatory mechanisms.These medicines provide distinct advantages,particularly in addressing chronic inflammation and promoting nerve regeneration.As a result,nanomedicines are expected to significantly improve rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life for stroke patients in the future,emerging as a crucial modality for stroke treatment.展开更多
Self-healing poly（urea-urethane）s （PUUs） showing a tolerance to mechanical damage are particularly desirable for high-performance elastomeric biomaterials. In this study a kind of biodegradable PUUs was synthesize...Self-healing poly（urea-urethane）s （PUUs） showing a tolerance to mechanical damage are particularly desirable for high-performance elastomeric biomaterials. In this study a kind of biodegradable PUUs was synthesized from poly（e-caprolactone） diol with L-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate （LDI） extended with L-lysine ethyl ester dihydrochloride （LEED） in DMF and characterized by using 1H-NMR, FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM and tensile tests. Interestingly, they exhibited a self-healing characteristic upon exposure to 37℃ for as short as 30 min with the tensile strength keeping at 4.23 MPa and the elongation at break reaching to 627%. It is revealed that increasing the hard segment content in PUUs benefits the self-healing performance, and on the opposite increasing the soft segment content contributes to the biodegradability.展开更多
Objective： To explore the clinical significance of the examination of serum CA125 level of patients with metastatic bladder carcinoma. Methods： Electrochemiluminescence technique was used to examine the serum CA125 ...Objective： To explore the clinical significance of the examination of serum CA125 level of patients with metastatic bladder carcinoma. Methods： Electrochemiluminescence technique was used to examine the serum CA125 concentration of 58 cases with metastatic bladder cancer. 30 cases of superficial bladder cancer and 8 cases of other urological diseases were collected as the control group. Results： Serum CA125 level in 39 （67.2%） out of 58 cases ranged from 36.7 U/mL to 1485.6 U/mL （mean 496.3 U/mL）, being higher than normal （〈 35 U/mL）. Serum CA125 level of metastatic bladder cancer patients was 324.5 U/mL, significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.001）. Serum CA125 level of 10 patients after transurethral resection operation was significantly lower than that before operation （P 〈 0.05）. Serum CA125 level of 16 patients who refused further treatment significantly increased from 450.4 U/mL, to 505.8 U/mL （P = 0.041） 3 months after discharge from the hospital. Serum CA125 level of 17 patients significantly decreased from 475.8 U/L to 237.9 U/mL （P 〈 0.001 ） after bilateral iliac-artedal embolism treatment. Conclusion： CA125 may be a valuable marker for the judgment of advanced metastatic bladder cancer.展开更多
The Habo alkaline intrusion, which is located in the south of the Sanjiang area, Yunnan Province, China, is a typical Cenozoic alkaline intrusion. There are a series of small to medium-sized Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits ...The Habo alkaline intrusion, which is located in the south of the Sanjiang area, Yunnan Province, China, is a typical Cenozoic alkaline intrusion. There are a series of small to medium-sized Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits around this intrusion. Those deposits are spatially associated with the Habo alkaline intrusion. （1） The δ^34S values of sulfides from Au deposits range from -1.91‰ to 2.69 ‰, which are similar to those of Pb-（Zn） deposits （-3.82 ‰ to -0.05 ‰） and both indicate a much greater contribution from magma. （2） The Habo alkaline intrusion has relatively homogeneous Pb isotopic compositions with ^206pb/^204pb ranging from 18.608 to 18.761, ^207pb/^204pb from 15.572 to 15.722 and ^20spb/^204pb from 38.599 to 39.110. These Pb isotope ratios are similar to those of Au deposits, whose ^206pb/^204pb range from 18.564 to 18.734, ^20Tpb/^20apb from 15.582 to 15.738 and ^208pb/^204pb from 38.592 to 39.319. Pb ratios in both the intrusion and Au deposits suggest that Pb mainly derived from the depth, probably represents a mixture of mantle and crust. Pb-（Zn） deposits, however, show a decentralized trait, and most of them are similar to that of the alkaline intrusion with ^206pb/^204pb ranging from 18.523 to 18.648, ^207pb/^204pb from 15.599 to 15.802, and ^20spb/^204pb from 38.659 to 39.206. （3） In the plumbotectonic diagram ^20Tpb/^204pb versus ^206pb/^204pb, almost all of Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits have the same projection area with the Habo alkaline intrusion, which indicates that those deposits almost share the same source with the alkaline intrusion. （4） Isotopic age of the Habo alkaline intrusion is 36-33 Ma, which is similar to that of Beiya, whose ore- related alkaline porphyries age is 38-31 Ma and molybdenite Re-Os age is 36.9 Ma. Therefore, along with S-Pb isotope traits, we suggest that the Habo Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits should be typically Ailaoshan-Red RiverCenozoicalkaline-related deposits and ore-forming ages of these deposits should be later than that of the Habo alkaline intrusion.展开更多
A series of mesoporous Ta and Ta-W oxides have been prepared and employed as solid acid catalysts for the dehydration of fructose and glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF).Solid state 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopic resu...A series of mesoporous Ta and Ta-W oxides have been prepared and employed as solid acid catalysts for the dehydration of fructose and glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF).Solid state 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopic results using trimethylphosphine(TMP)as a probe molecule show that the acid strength and the ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites increase gradually with the addition of tungsten in tantalum oxide.It is found that high sugar conversion and HMF selectivity are achieved over catalyst with relatively high ratios of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Unexpected stoichiometric excess of formic acid relative to levulinic acid can be observed mainly because of direct decomposition of fructose over Lewis acid sites.The addition of 2-butanol leads to the increase of sugars conversion and the HMF selectivity,especially for the catalyst with high ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Among them,Ta7W3 oxide catalyst shows 54%HMF selectivity and good reusability with the addition of 2-butanol by extracting HMF from aqueous phase and removing humins deposed on the surface of the catalyst.展开更多
Objective: Striatins(STRNs) family, which contains three multi-domain scaffolding proteins, are cornerstones of the striatins interacting phosphatase and kinase(STRIPAK) complex. Although the role of the STRIPAK compl...Objective: Striatins(STRNs) family, which contains three multi-domain scaffolding proteins, are cornerstones of the striatins interacting phosphatase and kinase(STRIPAK) complex. Although the role of the STRIPAK complex in cancer has become recognized in recent years, its clinical significance in breast cancer has not been fully established.Methods: Using a freshly frozen breast cancer tissue cohort containing both cancerous and adjacent normal mammary tissues, we quantitatively evaluated the transcript-level expression of all members within the STRIPAK complex along with some key interacting and regulatory proteins of STRNs. The expression profile of each molecule and the integrated pattern of the complex members were assessed against the clinical-pathological factors of the patients. The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) dataset was used to evaluate the breast cancer patients’ response to chemotherapies. Four human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, MCF-7, and SKBR-3, were subsequently adopted for in vitro work.Results: Here we found that high-level expressions of STRIP2, calmodulin, CCM3, MINK1 and SLMAP were respectively associated with shorter overall survival(OS) of patients. Although the similar pattern observed for STRN3, STRN4 and a contrary pattern observed for PPP2CA, PPP2CB and PPPR1A were not significant, the integrated expression profile of STRNs group and PPP2 group members constitutes a highly significant prognostic indicator for OS [P<0.001, hazard ratio(HR)=2.04, 95% confidence interval(95% CI), 1.36-3.07] and disease-free survival(DFS)(P=0.003, HR=1.40, 95% CI, 1.12-1.75). Reduced expression of STRN3 has an influence on the biological functions including adhesiveness and migration. In line with our clinical findings, the breast cancer cells responded to STRN3 knockdown with changes in their chemo-sensitivity, of which the response is also breast cancer subtype dependent.Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible role of the STRIPAK complex in breast cancer development and prognosis. Among the members, the expression profile of STRN3 presents a valuable factor for assessing patients’ responses to drug treatment.展开更多
文摘Amorphous materials are one of the important candidates for improving heterogeneous photocata-lysts because of their unique electronic structures and abundant catalytic sites originating from dis-order atomic arrangements.However,there is still much room for the development of new crys-talline/amorphous heterogeneous composites for photocatalytic application.Hence efficient synthetic strategies for preparing new crystalline/amorphous heterojunctions are highly desired.Herein,we have realized the deep optimization of photocatalytic activity by fabricating crystalline/amorphous Cu_(2)O/Ti-Fe layer double hydroxide(LDH)heterojunctions.Thanks to the typical Z-scheme mechanism originating from the crystalline/amorphous interfaces,the photocharge separation and catalytic active sites obviously enhance compared to single Cu_(2)O and LDH counterparts.As expected,the photocatalytic removal of tetra-cycline(TC)of the as-prepared Cu_(2)O/Ti-Fe LDH was over 5.2 and 2.2 times those of the pristine Cu_(2)O nanospheres and Ti-Fe LDH nanosheets.This work illustrates the origin of crystalline Cu_(2)O nanospheres encapsulated in amorphous Ti-Fe layer double hydroxide nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic activity driven by visible light,and provide a general Cu_(2)O-templated solution-phase synthetic method for the synthesis of novel double-metal layer double hydroxide amorphous nanostructures.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Research Program of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education,No.GJJ2102252022 Provincial Health and Wellness Committee Science and Technology Program Projects,No.20221096Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation's Young Scientists Fund,No.20242BAB20358.
文摘BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),a globally widespread pathogen affecting half of the global population,has been increasingly implicated in metabolic disorders,including obesity,dyslipidemia,and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).MASLD is a common condition,impacting nearly one in four adults globally.It also shares significant pathophysiological links with metabolic syndrome.Despite the fact that mechanistic hypotheses(such as oxidative stress and inflammation)have been proposed to explain these relationships,large-scale studies comprehensively assessing multifactorial metabolic associations are lacking.We proposed that H.pylori infection may independently correlate with unfavorable metabolic profiles and the presence of MASLD among adults in a large cohort.AIM To investigate the associations of H.pylori infection with obesity,glucose,lipids,blood pressure,and MASLD in Chinese adults.METHODS This study included 28624 adults recruited from the Physical Examination Center at Nanchang University's Second Affiliated Hospital.The 13C-urea breath test was used to identify H.pylori infection,while abdominal ultrasound was employed for MASLD diagnosis.The relationships between H.pylori infection and metabolic factors were analyzed via multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS The overall H.pylori infection incidence was 26.8%,with higher rates observed in older adults(≥70 years:26.1%vs 18-29 years:24.6%,P<0.001)and obese individuals[body mass index(BMI)≥28 kg/m^(2):30.0%vs normal BMI:25.3%,P<0.001].H.pylori-positive individuals exhibited elevated blood glucose(5.43±1.55 mmol/L vs 5.27±1.23 mmol/L,P<0.001),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(2.97±0.76 mmol/L vs 2.94±0.75 mmol/L,P<0.001),and blood pressure(systolic:123.49±19.06 mmHg vs 122.85±18.33 mmHg,P=0.009;diastolic:75.48±12.37 vs 74.9 mmHg±11.9 mmHg,P<0.001)levels.Among MASLD patients,infection was associated with increased glucose(5.82±1.95 mmol/L vs 5.60±1.60 mmol/L,P<0.001),total cholesterol(5.05±1.03 mmol/L vs 5.00±1.00 mmol/L,P=0.039),BMI(26.23±3.00 kg/m^(2)vs 26.04±2.96 kg/m^(2),P=0.004),and blood pressure(systolic:129.5±20.00 mmHg vs 128.49±17.62 mmHg,P=0.009;diastolic:79.87±12.07 mmHg vs 79.04±11.76 mmHg,P=0.002)levels.Multivariate analysis demonstrated elevated glucose[odds ratio(OR)=1.079,P<0.001],BMI(OR=1.016,P=0.002),and diastolic pressure(OR=1.003,P=0.048)levels as independent risk factors,with high-density lipoprotein(HDL)being observed as a protective factor(OR=0.837,P<0.001).CONCLUSION H.pylori infection correlates with older age,obesity,elevated glucose levels,and elevated diastolic blood pressure,whereas HDL protects against H.pylori infection,thus underscoring its role in metabolic disturbances and MASLD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82272616(to ZL),82271325(to WS)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7252076(to YR).
文摘Stroke can be categorized as ischemic and hemorrhagic on the basis of its origin.The pathophysiology following a stroke is complex,and is characterized by ongoing inflammation,neuronal injury,and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the brain,all of which reflect a dynamic process of change.This complexity hinders achievement of significant therapeutic outcomes with standard stroke treatment procedures,limiting post-stroke recovery.This review presents an innovative post-stroke therapeutic approach that utilizes nanomedicines to modify the cerebral microenvironment.It highlights the primary roles of chronic inflammation and nerve repair issues in causing prolonged impairment in stroke patients.Traditional therapies show limited effectiveness in achieving neuroprotection,immunoregulation,and neural regeneration during the subacute and chronic phases of stroke.Therefore,effective stroke management requires the use of specific therapeutic strategies tailored to the pathological characteristics of each phase.Various types of nanomedicines possess distinct physicochemical properties and can be selected on the basis of the specific therapeutic needs.Surface-modification technologies have significantly enhanced the ability of nanomedicines to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and improve their targeting capabilities in drug administration.However,the stability,biocompatibility,and long-term safety of nanomedicines require further optimization for clinical application.Nanomedicines represent a novel approach to stroke treatment through targeted delivery and multifaceted regulatory mechanisms.These medicines provide distinct advantages,particularly in addressing chronic inflammation and promoting nerve regeneration.As a result,nanomedicines are expected to significantly improve rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life for stroke patients in the future,emerging as a crucial modality for stroke treatment.
基金financially supported by the "863" Project of Minister of Science and Technology of China(No. 2007AA021905)
文摘Self-healing poly（urea-urethane）s （PUUs） showing a tolerance to mechanical damage are particularly desirable for high-performance elastomeric biomaterials. In this study a kind of biodegradable PUUs was synthesized from poly（e-caprolactone） diol with L-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate （LDI） extended with L-lysine ethyl ester dihydrochloride （LEED） in DMF and characterized by using 1H-NMR, FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM and tensile tests. Interestingly, they exhibited a self-healing characteristic upon exposure to 37℃ for as short as 30 min with the tensile strength keeping at 4.23 MPa and the elongation at break reaching to 627%. It is revealed that increasing the hard segment content in PUUs benefits the self-healing performance, and on the opposite increasing the soft segment content contributes to the biodegradability.
文摘Objective： To explore the clinical significance of the examination of serum CA125 level of patients with metastatic bladder carcinoma. Methods： Electrochemiluminescence technique was used to examine the serum CA125 concentration of 58 cases with metastatic bladder cancer. 30 cases of superficial bladder cancer and 8 cases of other urological diseases were collected as the control group. Results： Serum CA125 level in 39 （67.2%） out of 58 cases ranged from 36.7 U/mL to 1485.6 U/mL （mean 496.3 U/mL）, being higher than normal （〈 35 U/mL）. Serum CA125 level of metastatic bladder cancer patients was 324.5 U/mL, significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.001）. Serum CA125 level of 10 patients after transurethral resection operation was significantly lower than that before operation （P 〈 0.05）. Serum CA125 level of 16 patients who refused further treatment significantly increased from 450.4 U/mL, to 505.8 U/mL （P = 0.041） 3 months after discharge from the hospital. Serum CA125 level of 17 patients significantly decreased from 475.8 U/L to 237.9 U/mL （P 〈 0.001 ） after bilateral iliac-artedal embolism treatment. Conclusion： CA125 may be a valuable marker for the judgment of advanced metastatic bladder cancer.
文摘The Habo alkaline intrusion, which is located in the south of the Sanjiang area, Yunnan Province, China, is a typical Cenozoic alkaline intrusion. There are a series of small to medium-sized Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits around this intrusion. Those deposits are spatially associated with the Habo alkaline intrusion. （1） The δ^34S values of sulfides from Au deposits range from -1.91‰ to 2.69 ‰, which are similar to those of Pb-（Zn） deposits （-3.82 ‰ to -0.05 ‰） and both indicate a much greater contribution from magma. （2） The Habo alkaline intrusion has relatively homogeneous Pb isotopic compositions with ^206pb/^204pb ranging from 18.608 to 18.761, ^207pb/^204pb from 15.572 to 15.722 and ^20spb/^204pb from 38.599 to 39.110. These Pb isotope ratios are similar to those of Au deposits, whose ^206pb/^204pb range from 18.564 to 18.734, ^20Tpb/^20apb from 15.582 to 15.738 and ^208pb/^204pb from 38.592 to 39.319. Pb ratios in both the intrusion and Au deposits suggest that Pb mainly derived from the depth, probably represents a mixture of mantle and crust. Pb-（Zn） deposits, however, show a decentralized trait, and most of them are similar to that of the alkaline intrusion with ^206pb/^204pb ranging from 18.523 to 18.648, ^207pb/^204pb from 15.599 to 15.802, and ^20spb/^204pb from 38.659 to 39.206. （3） In the plumbotectonic diagram ^20Tpb/^204pb versus ^206pb/^204pb, almost all of Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits have the same projection area with the Habo alkaline intrusion, which indicates that those deposits almost share the same source with the alkaline intrusion. （4） Isotopic age of the Habo alkaline intrusion is 36-33 Ma, which is similar to that of Beiya, whose ore- related alkaline porphyries age is 38-31 Ma and molybdenite Re-Os age is 36.9 Ma. Therefore, along with S-Pb isotope traits, we suggest that the Habo Au and Pb-（Zn） deposits should be typically Ailaoshan-Red RiverCenozoicalkaline-related deposits and ore-forming ages of these deposits should be later than that of the Habo alkaline intrusion.
文摘A series of mesoporous Ta and Ta-W oxides have been prepared and employed as solid acid catalysts for the dehydration of fructose and glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF).Solid state 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopic results using trimethylphosphine(TMP)as a probe molecule show that the acid strength and the ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites increase gradually with the addition of tungsten in tantalum oxide.It is found that high sugar conversion and HMF selectivity are achieved over catalyst with relatively high ratios of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Unexpected stoichiometric excess of formic acid relative to levulinic acid can be observed mainly because of direct decomposition of fructose over Lewis acid sites.The addition of 2-butanol leads to the increase of sugars conversion and the HMF selectivity,especially for the catalyst with high ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Among them,Ta7W3 oxide catalyst shows 54%HMF selectivity and good reusability with the addition of 2-butanol by extracting HMF from aqueous phase and removing humins deposed on the surface of the catalyst.
基金supported by the Cardiff University China Medical Scholarship。
文摘Objective: Striatins(STRNs) family, which contains three multi-domain scaffolding proteins, are cornerstones of the striatins interacting phosphatase and kinase(STRIPAK) complex. Although the role of the STRIPAK complex in cancer has become recognized in recent years, its clinical significance in breast cancer has not been fully established.Methods: Using a freshly frozen breast cancer tissue cohort containing both cancerous and adjacent normal mammary tissues, we quantitatively evaluated the transcript-level expression of all members within the STRIPAK complex along with some key interacting and regulatory proteins of STRNs. The expression profile of each molecule and the integrated pattern of the complex members were assessed against the clinical-pathological factors of the patients. The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) dataset was used to evaluate the breast cancer patients’ response to chemotherapies. Four human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, MCF-7, and SKBR-3, were subsequently adopted for in vitro work.Results: Here we found that high-level expressions of STRIP2, calmodulin, CCM3, MINK1 and SLMAP were respectively associated with shorter overall survival(OS) of patients. Although the similar pattern observed for STRN3, STRN4 and a contrary pattern observed for PPP2CA, PPP2CB and PPPR1A were not significant, the integrated expression profile of STRNs group and PPP2 group members constitutes a highly significant prognostic indicator for OS [P<0.001, hazard ratio(HR)=2.04, 95% confidence interval(95% CI), 1.36-3.07] and disease-free survival(DFS)(P=0.003, HR=1.40, 95% CI, 1.12-1.75). Reduced expression of STRN3 has an influence on the biological functions including adhesiveness and migration. In line with our clinical findings, the breast cancer cells responded to STRN3 knockdown with changes in their chemo-sensitivity, of which the response is also breast cancer subtype dependent.Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible role of the STRIPAK complex in breast cancer development and prognosis. Among the members, the expression profile of STRN3 presents a valuable factor for assessing patients’ responses to drug treatment.
