Background Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) are recommended by the latest guidelines to reduce the risk of bleeding in acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT). However, previ...Background Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) are recommended by the latest guidelines to reduce the risk of bleeding in acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT). However, previous pharmacodynamic and clinical studies have reported controversial results on the interaction between PPI and the P2 Y12 inhibitor clopidogrel. We investigated the impact of PPIs use on in-hospital outcomes in AMI patients, aiming to provide a new insight on the value of PPIs. Methods A total of 23,380 consecutive AMI patients who received clopidogrel with or without PPIs in the China Acute Myocardial Infarction(CAMI) registry were analyzed. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE) defined as a composite of in-hospital cardiac death, re-infarction and stroke. Propensity score matching(PSM) was used to control potential baseline confounders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of PPIs use on MACCE and gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB). Results Among the whole AMI population, a large majority received DAPT and 67.5% were co-medicated with PPIs. PPIs use was associated with a decreased risk of MACCE(Before PSM OR: 0.857, 95% CI: 0.742-0.990, P = 0.0359;after PSM OR: 0.862, 95% CI: 0.768-0.949, P = 0.0245) after multivariate adjustment. Patients receiving PPIs also had a lower risk of cardiac death but a higher risk of complicating with stroke. When GIB occurred, an alleviating trend of GIB severity was observed in PPIs group. Conclusions Our study is the first nation-wide large-scale study to show evidence on PPIs use in AMI patients treated with DAPT. We found that PPIs in combination with clopidogrel was associated with decreased risk for MACCE in AMI patients, and it might have a trend to mitigate GIB severity. Therefore, PPIs could become an available choice for AMI patients during hospitalization.展开更多
癌症是威胁人类生命健康的主要公共卫生问题之一,传统的化疗手段药物缺乏选择,开发来自于中草药中的天然抗肿瘤成分正受到越来越多的关注。甘草是最常用的中药材之一,甘草中的黄酮类成分作为其主要活性成分,在现代研究中被报道具有广泛...癌症是威胁人类生命健康的主要公共卫生问题之一,传统的化疗手段药物缺乏选择,开发来自于中草药中的天然抗肿瘤成分正受到越来越多的关注。甘草是最常用的中药材之一,甘草中的黄酮类成分作为其主要活性成分,在现代研究中被报道具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性。为进一步明确甘草黄酮类成分的抗肿瘤活性,该文对近十年关于甘草黄酮类成分抗肿瘤研究进行综述。通过检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库,对甘草黄酮类成分中具有抗肿瘤活性的主要成分及其抗肿瘤机制进行了总结,同时综述了甘草黄酮类成分不同的纳米递送给药在抗肿瘤领域的应用,并对甘草黄酮类成分的毒理机制研究进行了梳理。结果发现甘草黄酮类成分在多种类型癌症中具有抗癌活性,合适的纳米给药方式能增强甘草黄酮类成分的抗肿瘤活性,关于甘草黄酮类成分的毒理学研究还较少。总的来说,甘草中的黄酮类成分是十分具有开发潜力的抗肿瘤天然产物,对甘草黄酮类成分的纳米递送及毒理研究可能未来研究热点,值得进一步开发研究。展开更多
Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage...Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage decay after supercapacitors are fully charged,brings about the wide gap between experimental studies and practical utilization of supercapacitors.Although eliminating the selfdischarge completely is not reachable,suppressing the self-discharge rate to the lowest point is possible and feasible.So far,the significant endeavors have been devoted to achieve this goal.Herein,we summary and discuss the possible mechanisms for the self-discharge and the underlying influence factors.Moreover,the strategies to suppress the self-discharge are systemically summed up by three independent but unified aspects:modifying the electrode,modulating the electrolyte and tuning the separator.Finally,the major challenges to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors are concluded and the promising strategies are also pointed out and discussed.This review is presented with the view of serving as a guideline to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors and to across-the-board facilitate their widespread application.展开更多
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, 2016-I2M-1-009)Twelfth Five-Year Planning Project of the Scientific and Technological Department of China (2011BAI11B02)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 81670415)。
文摘Background Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) are recommended by the latest guidelines to reduce the risk of bleeding in acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT). However, previous pharmacodynamic and clinical studies have reported controversial results on the interaction between PPI and the P2 Y12 inhibitor clopidogrel. We investigated the impact of PPIs use on in-hospital outcomes in AMI patients, aiming to provide a new insight on the value of PPIs. Methods A total of 23,380 consecutive AMI patients who received clopidogrel with or without PPIs in the China Acute Myocardial Infarction(CAMI) registry were analyzed. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE) defined as a composite of in-hospital cardiac death, re-infarction and stroke. Propensity score matching(PSM) was used to control potential baseline confounders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of PPIs use on MACCE and gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB). Results Among the whole AMI population, a large majority received DAPT and 67.5% were co-medicated with PPIs. PPIs use was associated with a decreased risk of MACCE(Before PSM OR: 0.857, 95% CI: 0.742-0.990, P = 0.0359;after PSM OR: 0.862, 95% CI: 0.768-0.949, P = 0.0245) after multivariate adjustment. Patients receiving PPIs also had a lower risk of cardiac death but a higher risk of complicating with stroke. When GIB occurred, an alleviating trend of GIB severity was observed in PPIs group. Conclusions Our study is the first nation-wide large-scale study to show evidence on PPIs use in AMI patients treated with DAPT. We found that PPIs in combination with clopidogrel was associated with decreased risk for MACCE in AMI patients, and it might have a trend to mitigate GIB severity. Therefore, PPIs could become an available choice for AMI patients during hospitalization.
文摘癌症是威胁人类生命健康的主要公共卫生问题之一,传统的化疗手段药物缺乏选择,开发来自于中草药中的天然抗肿瘤成分正受到越来越多的关注。甘草是最常用的中药材之一,甘草中的黄酮类成分作为其主要活性成分,在现代研究中被报道具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性。为进一步明确甘草黄酮类成分的抗肿瘤活性,该文对近十年关于甘草黄酮类成分抗肿瘤研究进行综述。通过检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库,对甘草黄酮类成分中具有抗肿瘤活性的主要成分及其抗肿瘤机制进行了总结,同时综述了甘草黄酮类成分不同的纳米递送给药在抗肿瘤领域的应用,并对甘草黄酮类成分的毒理机制研究进行了梳理。结果发现甘草黄酮类成分在多种类型癌症中具有抗癌活性,合适的纳米给药方式能增强甘草黄酮类成分的抗肿瘤活性,关于甘草黄酮类成分的毒理学研究还较少。总的来说,甘草中的黄酮类成分是十分具有开发潜力的抗肿瘤天然产物,对甘草黄酮类成分的纳米递送及毒理研究可能未来研究热点,值得进一步开发研究。
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.51872035)the Talent Program of Rejuvenation of the Liaoning(No.XLYC1807002)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT19LAB20)the National Key Research Development Program of China(2016YFB0101201)。
文摘Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage decay after supercapacitors are fully charged,brings about the wide gap between experimental studies and practical utilization of supercapacitors.Although eliminating the selfdischarge completely is not reachable,suppressing the self-discharge rate to the lowest point is possible and feasible.So far,the significant endeavors have been devoted to achieve this goal.Herein,we summary and discuss the possible mechanisms for the self-discharge and the underlying influence factors.Moreover,the strategies to suppress the self-discharge are systemically summed up by three independent but unified aspects:modifying the electrode,modulating the electrolyte and tuning the separator.Finally,the major challenges to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors are concluded and the promising strategies are also pointed out and discussed.This review is presented with the view of serving as a guideline to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors and to across-the-board facilitate their widespread application.
