OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the compatibility of Tianma(Rhizoma Gastrodiae,TM),Yanlingcao(Trillium tschonoskii Maxim,YLC)and Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum,BP),and their efficacy in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the compatibility of Tianma(Rhizoma Gastrodiae,TM),Yanlingcao(Trillium tschonoskii Maxim,YLC)and Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum,BP),and their efficacy in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.METHODS:Network pharmacology was used to determine the compatibility of TM,YLC,and BP,and their potential mechanism.The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rat model was used to evaluate the curative effect of the six combinations of TM,YLC,and BP(TZB1-TZB6)on cerebral ischemia,by using the weight matching method to form.The potential component changes of TM and YLC in the blood and brains of rats were analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Finally,molecular docking linked the results of animal experiments and network pharmacology,determining the potential component contributors of TM and YLC to treating ischemic stroke.RESULTS:TZB reduced the cerebral infarct volume and protected the nerve cells in MCAO rats.The components of TM and YLC were also identified in the blood and brain homogenate,and BP can facilitate the entry of the components of TM and YLC into the blood and brain.Diosgenin,pennogenin,and gastrodin induced effective binding activities with adenosine receptor a1.CONCLUSION:We investigate an approach that improves the means of folk prescription combined with multi technology that maybe promote the transformation of Chinese medicinal prescription into component-based Chinese medicine.展开更多
The basic environmental variables and adaptability ofphytoplankton communities to low light and salinity were stud- ied using incubation experiments in Kongsfjorden, a high Arctic fjord of Spitsbergen, in late summer ...The basic environmental variables and adaptability ofphytoplankton communities to low light and salinity were stud- ied using incubation experiments in Kongsfjorden, a high Arctic fjord of Spitsbergen, in late summer 2006. Chlorophyll a concentrations were steady or decreased slightly in darkness after one day or one week incubation. Chlorophyll a concentrations showed an initial decline when exposed to natural light after one week incubation in darkness, and then increased significantly. In a salinity experiment, the maximal growth rate was observed at a dilution ratio of 10%, however, higher dilution ratios （≥0%） had an obvious negative effect on phytoplankton growth. We suggest that the phytoplankton communities in fjords in late summer are dark- ness adapted, and the inflow of glacial melt water is favorable for phytoplankton growth in the outer fiords where the influence of freshwater is limited.展开更多
Information hiding in Joint Photographic Experts Group （JPEG） compressed images are investigated in this paper. Quantization is the source of information loss in JPEG compression process. Therefore, information hidd...Information hiding in Joint Photographic Experts Group （JPEG） compressed images are investigated in this paper. Quantization is the source of information loss in JPEG compression process. Therefore, information hidden in images is probably destroyed by JPEG compression. This paper presents an algorithm to reliably embed information into the JPEG bit streams in the process of JPEG encoding. Information extraction is performed in the process of JPEG decoding. The basic idea of our algorithm is to modify the quantized direct current （DC） coefficients and non zero alternating currenl （AC） coefficients to represent one bit information （0 or 1 ）. Experimental results on gray images using baseline sequential JPEG encoding show that the cover images （images without scoret information） and the stego-images （images with secret information） are perceptually indiscernible.展开更多
目的探究微小RNA-195-5p(microRNA-195-5p,miR-195-5p)对心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)大鼠心肌纤维化的影响与机制。方法选择雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为对照组、AF组、阴性对照组、miR-195-5p组(miR-195-5p抑制剂)、9型重组腺相关病...目的探究微小RNA-195-5p(microRNA-195-5p,miR-195-5p)对心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)大鼠心肌纤维化的影响与机制。方法选择雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为对照组、AF组、阴性对照组、miR-195-5p组(miR-195-5p抑制剂)、9型重组腺相关病毒(recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9,rAAV9)组(miR-195-5p抑制剂+rAAV9-阴性对照)、联合组[miR-195-5p抑制剂+rAAV9-小干扰RNA-SMAD同源物(SMAD homolog,Smad)]7,每组12只。除对照组外,其他组大鼠构建AF模型。给予对应干预措施后,进行心电图测试,记录AF发生率和持续时间;HE染色检测心肌组织病理变化;Masson染色检测心肌组织纤维化程度;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测心肌组织miR-195-5p、Smad7mRNA表达;Western blot检测心肌组织转化生长因子β_(1)(transforming growth factor-β_(1),TGF-β_(1))、Smad2、磷酸化Smad2、Smad3、磷酸化Smad3、Smad7、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Collagen-Ⅰ)、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(Collagen-Ⅲ)表达;双荧光素酶实验验证miR-195-5p对Smad7的调控作用。结果与对照组比较,AF组AF发生率(75.0%vs 0)和持续时间[(27.02±2.65)s vs 0s]、胶原容积分数[(14.47±0.89)%vs(2.12±0.35)%]、心肌组织miR-195-5p(3.27±0.21 vs 1.00±0.10)、TGF-β_(1)(0.76±0.08 vs 0.23±0.04)、Collagen-Ⅰ(0.58±0.07 vs 0.20±0.04)、Collagen-Ⅲ(0.46±0.05 vs 0.11±0.02)、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2(0.92±0.10 vs 0.37±0.05)、磷酸化Smad3/Smad3(0.65±0.06 vs 0.14±0.03)表达明显升高,Smad7mRNA(0.32±0.06 vs 1.02±0.09)和Smad7(0.19±0.03 vs 0.58±0.07)表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与AF组和阴性对照组比较,miR-195-5p组AF发生率和持续时间、胶原容积分数、心肌组织miR-195-5p、TGF-β_(1)、Collagen-Ⅰ、Collagen-Ⅲ、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2和磷酸化Smad3/Smad3表达明显降低,Smad7mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与miR-195-5p组和rAAV9组比较,联合组AF发生率和持续时间、胶原容积分数、心肌组织TGF-β_(1)、Collagen-Ⅰ、Collagen-Ⅲ、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2和磷酸化Smad3/Smad3表达明显升高,Smad7mRNA和Smad7表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论下调miR-195-5p可能靶向Smad7抑制TGF-β_(1)信号传导,从而减轻AF心肌纤维化。展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Mechanism of Adjusting Yin and Eliminating Toxicity in Tujia Medicine to Treat Vascular Dementia based on Angiogenesisregulation by Angiogemic Switch and Nrf2/ARE pathway(No.81473793)Youth Talent Project from Beijing Education Commission:Optimization of Prescription of Tianzhu San,a Tujia medicine,based on Identification and Targeted Separation of Active Ingredients(No.YETP1293)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the compatibility of Tianma(Rhizoma Gastrodiae,TM),Yanlingcao(Trillium tschonoskii Maxim,YLC)and Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum,BP),and their efficacy in the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.METHODS:Network pharmacology was used to determine the compatibility of TM,YLC,and BP,and their potential mechanism.The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rat model was used to evaluate the curative effect of the six combinations of TM,YLC,and BP(TZB1-TZB6)on cerebral ischemia,by using the weight matching method to form.The potential component changes of TM and YLC in the blood and brains of rats were analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Finally,molecular docking linked the results of animal experiments and network pharmacology,determining the potential component contributors of TM and YLC to treating ischemic stroke.RESULTS:TZB reduced the cerebral infarct volume and protected the nerve cells in MCAO rats.The components of TM and YLC were also identified in the blood and brain homogenate,and BP can facilitate the entry of the components of TM and YLC into the blood and brain.Diosgenin,pennogenin,and gastrodin induced effective binding activities with adenosine receptor a1.CONCLUSION:We investigate an approach that improves the means of folk prescription combined with multi technology that maybe promote the transformation of Chinese medicinal prescription into component-based Chinese medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 41076130, 40576002)the Youth Marine Science Foundation of SOA (Grant no. 2010116)
文摘The basic environmental variables and adaptability ofphytoplankton communities to low light and salinity were stud- ied using incubation experiments in Kongsfjorden, a high Arctic fjord of Spitsbergen, in late summer 2006. Chlorophyll a concentrations were steady or decreased slightly in darkness after one day or one week incubation. Chlorophyll a concentrations showed an initial decline when exposed to natural light after one week incubation in darkness, and then increased significantly. In a salinity experiment, the maximal growth rate was observed at a dilution ratio of 10%, however, higher dilution ratios （≥0%） had an obvious negative effect on phytoplankton growth. We suggest that the phytoplankton communities in fjords in late summer are dark- ness adapted, and the inflow of glacial melt water is favorable for phytoplankton growth in the outer fiords where the influence of freshwater is limited.
文摘Information hiding in Joint Photographic Experts Group （JPEG） compressed images are investigated in this paper. Quantization is the source of information loss in JPEG compression process. Therefore, information hidden in images is probably destroyed by JPEG compression. This paper presents an algorithm to reliably embed information into the JPEG bit streams in the process of JPEG encoding. Information extraction is performed in the process of JPEG decoding. The basic idea of our algorithm is to modify the quantized direct current （DC） coefficients and non zero alternating currenl （AC） coefficients to represent one bit information （0 or 1 ）. Experimental results on gray images using baseline sequential JPEG encoding show that the cover images （images without scoret information） and the stego-images （images with secret information） are perceptually indiscernible.
文摘目的探究微小RNA-195-5p(microRNA-195-5p,miR-195-5p)对心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)大鼠心肌纤维化的影响与机制。方法选择雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为对照组、AF组、阴性对照组、miR-195-5p组(miR-195-5p抑制剂)、9型重组腺相关病毒(recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9,rAAV9)组(miR-195-5p抑制剂+rAAV9-阴性对照)、联合组[miR-195-5p抑制剂+rAAV9-小干扰RNA-SMAD同源物(SMAD homolog,Smad)]7,每组12只。除对照组外,其他组大鼠构建AF模型。给予对应干预措施后,进行心电图测试,记录AF发生率和持续时间;HE染色检测心肌组织病理变化;Masson染色检测心肌组织纤维化程度;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测心肌组织miR-195-5p、Smad7mRNA表达;Western blot检测心肌组织转化生长因子β_(1)(transforming growth factor-β_(1),TGF-β_(1))、Smad2、磷酸化Smad2、Smad3、磷酸化Smad3、Smad7、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Collagen-Ⅰ)、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(Collagen-Ⅲ)表达;双荧光素酶实验验证miR-195-5p对Smad7的调控作用。结果与对照组比较,AF组AF发生率(75.0%vs 0)和持续时间[(27.02±2.65)s vs 0s]、胶原容积分数[(14.47±0.89)%vs(2.12±0.35)%]、心肌组织miR-195-5p(3.27±0.21 vs 1.00±0.10)、TGF-β_(1)(0.76±0.08 vs 0.23±0.04)、Collagen-Ⅰ(0.58±0.07 vs 0.20±0.04)、Collagen-Ⅲ(0.46±0.05 vs 0.11±0.02)、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2(0.92±0.10 vs 0.37±0.05)、磷酸化Smad3/Smad3(0.65±0.06 vs 0.14±0.03)表达明显升高,Smad7mRNA(0.32±0.06 vs 1.02±0.09)和Smad7(0.19±0.03 vs 0.58±0.07)表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与AF组和阴性对照组比较,miR-195-5p组AF发生率和持续时间、胶原容积分数、心肌组织miR-195-5p、TGF-β_(1)、Collagen-Ⅰ、Collagen-Ⅲ、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2和磷酸化Smad3/Smad3表达明显降低,Smad7mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与miR-195-5p组和rAAV9组比较,联合组AF发生率和持续时间、胶原容积分数、心肌组织TGF-β_(1)、Collagen-Ⅰ、Collagen-Ⅲ、磷酸化Smad2/Smad2和磷酸化Smad3/Smad3表达明显升高,Smad7mRNA和Smad7表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论下调miR-195-5p可能靶向Smad7抑制TGF-β_(1)信号传导,从而减轻AF心肌纤维化。
