Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shroude...Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shrouded blisk,this study proposes an innovative method of electrochemical cutting in which a flexible tube electrode is controlled by online deformation during processing.In this study,the processing principle of electrochemical cutting with a flexible electrode for controlled online deformation(FECC)was revealed for the first time.The online deformation process of flexible electrodes and the machining process of profiles were analysed in depth,and the corresponding theoretical models were established.Conventional electrochemical machining(ECM)is a multi-physical field-coupled process involving electric and flow fields.In FECC,classical mechanics are introduced into the tool cathode,which must be loaded at all times during the machining process.Therefore,in this study,before and after the deformation of the flexible electrode,a corresponding simulation study was conducted to understand the influence of the online deformation of the flexible electrode on the flow and electric fields.The feasibility of flexible electrodes for online deformation and the validity of the theoretical model were verified by deformation measurements and in situ observation experiments.Finally,the method was successfully applied to the machining of nickel-based high-temperature alloys,and different specifications of flexible electrodes were used to complete the machining of the corresponding complex profiles,thereby verifying the feasibility and versatility of the method.The method proposed in this study breaks the tradition of using a non-deformable cathode for ECM and adopts a flexible electrode that can be deformed during the machining process as the tool cathode,which improves machining flexibility and provides a valuable reference to promote the ECM of complex profiles.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium metal batteries represent leading candidates for the next generation of highenergy-density rechargeable batteries.However,the coupled mechanisms governing dendrite growth and crack propagation ...All-solid-state lithium metal batteries represent leading candidates for the next generation of highenergy-density rechargeable batteries.However,the coupled mechanisms governing dendrite growth and crack propagation within solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)remain inadequately understood.To address this knowledge gap,we propose an electrochemical-mechanical coupled phase-field model designed to simulate the complex processes of lithium deposition and crack propagation in SSEs.This framework systematically examines the influence of initial defect characteristics—including morphology,dimensions,and fracture toughness—on dendrite penetration dynamics.Furthermore,it identifies potential initiation pathways for detrimental lithium deposition within the electrolyte bulk.The model also quantifies the critical role of electrolyte elastic modulus and grain boundary orientation in modulating deposition behavior.Notably,simulation results demonstrate concordance with existing experimental observations,thereby establishing a fundamental theoretical framework for understanding failure mechanisms.This work provides crucial mechanistic insights and predictive capabilities to guide the rational design of failure-resistant SSEs for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.展开更多
High-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathodes are critical for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The development of binders compatible with high-voltage NCM811 cathode material...High-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathodes are critical for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The development of binders compatible with high-voltage NCM811 cathode materials is crucial to enhance the electrochemical performance of LIBs.However,the traditional fluoropolymer binder,poly(vinylidene difluoride)(PVDF),can potentially leach components or break down into poly(fluoroalkyl substances)(PFAS)chemicals,thereby contributing to PFAS contamination.A novel fluorine-free polymer,polysulfone-polyamide-polyimide(SPIO),was designed and synthesized as a binder for NCM811 cathodes.The SPIO binder exhibits exceptional mechanical properties and superior electrochemical characteristics.The cathode film fabricated with SPIO demonstrated a remarkable delamination force of 8 N(390 N·m^(-1)),indicating robust adhesion.The Li‖NCM811 cell incorporating the SPIO binder retained 80%of its initial capacity after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C.In comparison,the control cells assem bled with the PVDF binder retained only 52%of their capacities under the same cycling conditions.Furthermore,the SPIO binder exhibited improved compatibility with the electrolyte.Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the cathode films after 100 cycles revealed the formation of a unifo rm,dense,and continuous chemical-electrochemical interface(CEI)by the SPIO binder on the surface of the NCM811 particles,which significantly contributed to the enhancement of the electrochemical performance.These results highlight the potential of SPIO as an advanced binder material for high-perfo rmance lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Utilizing carbon dioxide and nitrate from industrial wastewater presents a promising and sustainable ap-proach for urea synthesis,which serves as an alternative to conventional high-energy methods.However,the intricat...Utilizing carbon dioxide and nitrate from industrial wastewater presents a promising and sustainable ap-proach for urea synthesis,which serves as an alternative to conventional high-energy methods.However,the intricate electrochemical urea synthesis process involved multiple intermediates and diverse path-ways,resulting in an unclear reaction mechanism and low efficiency in C-N coupling.In order to address these challenges,we developed a novel Cu-NiNC catalyst featuring both Cu cluster and Ni single atom sites.The Cu-NiNC achieved a urea Faradaic efficiency(F_(Eurea))of 18.28%,with a maximum urea yield of 64.24μg h^(−1)mg^(−1).Through a combination of electrochemical measurements and theoretical calculations,our findings demonstrate that∗NH_(2)and∗CO intermediates are formed at the Cu and Ni sites,respectively,and subsequently couple to generate the crucial∗CONH_(2)intermediate,thereby facilitating urea synthe-sis.This study introduces a new perspective on the design of innovative and efficient catalysts for urea synthesis.展开更多
Achieving a delicate synergy between mechanical robustness and antifouling attributes in coatings remains a formidable challenge for marine applications. Inspired by the assembly of nacre, we present a novel approach ...Achieving a delicate synergy between mechanical robustness and antifouling attributes in coatings remains a formidable challenge for marine applications. Inspired by the assembly of nacre, we present a novel approach to fabricate a nacre-like metallic coating. This coating comprises an amorphous matrix with excellent anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties, as well as Cu-rich 3D interconnected channels for antifouling function. The coating is produced by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying of surface-modified Fe-based amorphous powders with a Cu-layer. The resulting coating exhibits exceptional mechanical robustness, including high resistance to erosion, abrasion, and impact, surpassing conventional polymer antifouling coatings. Furthermore, the controlled Cu+ leaching capability of the in-situ constructed 3D interconnected diffusion channels, facilitated by the Cu-rich intersplats, contributes to the remarkable antifouling performance. This includes nearly 100 % resistance to bacterial adhesion after 1 day of immersion and over 98 % resistance to algal attachment after 7 d of immersion, resulting in a prolonged service lifetime. Notably, even after 200 cycles of wear damage, the Cu-modified amorphous coating still maintains its excellent antifouling properties. The Cu-rich intersplats play a critical role in transporting and sustainably leaching Cu ions, thereby accounting for the outstanding antifouling performance. Ultimately, we aim to advance the design of high-performance coatings suited for diverse marine applications, where both the mechanical robustness and antifouling properties are essential.展开更多
Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key fac...Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key factors in anammox bacteria enrichment.This study investigated the mechanisms driving anammox bacteria enrichment in lab-scale simulated CWs treating high-nitrogen wastewater,focusing on bacterial community re-sponses across wetland layers with various strategies,including continuous up-flow influent,nitrogen loading increase,effluent recirculation,intermittent influent,and anammox bacteria inoculation.Results showed that total relative and absolute abundances of anammox bacteria ranged from 0.77%to 12.50%and from 0.13 to 6.46×10^(7) copies/g,respectively.Dissolved oxygen and pH had significant positive correlations with the absolute abundance of anammox bacteria,while organic matter and nitrate negatively impacted their relative abundance.Permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that spatial heterogeneity explained more variation in anammox bacteria abundance(43.44%)compared to operational strategies(8.58%).In terms of microbial interactions,60 dominant species exhibited potential correlations with anammox bacteria,comprising 170 interactions(105 positive and 65 negative),which suggested that anammox bacteria generally foster cooperative relationships with dominant bacteria.Notably,significant interspecies interactions were observed between Candidatus Kuenenia(dominant anammox bacteria in CWs)and species within the genera Chitinivibrio-nia and Anaerolineaceae,suggesting that microbial interactions primarily manifest as indirect facilitative effects rather than direct mutualistic relationships.Given that the Normalized Stochasticity Ratio in CWs were<50%,this study inferred that environmental gradients have greater influence on anammox bacteria than microbial interactions.展开更多
A phase-field model coupling with elastoplastic de fo rmation and creep damage has been built to study the micro structural evolution and deformation behavior for Ni-Al single crystal alloy during the whole creep proc...A phase-field model coupling with elastoplastic de fo rmation and creep damage has been built to study the micro structural evolution and deformation behavior for Ni-Al single crystal alloy during the whole creep processing.The relevant experiments were conducted to verify the model validity.The simulation re sults show that under the tensile creep at 1223 K/100 MPa,cubic γ’phases coarsen along the direction parallel to the axis of tensile stress during the first two creep stages;and spindle-shaped and wavy γ’phases are fo rmed during tertiary creep,similar to the experimental results.The evolution mechanism of γ’phases is analyzed from the perspective of changes of stress and strain fields.The"is land-like"γ phase is observed and its formation mechanism is discussed.With the increase of creep stress,the directional coarsening of γ’phase is accelerated,the steady-state creep rate is increased and the creep life is decreased.The comparison between simulated and experimental creep curves shows that this phase-field model can effectively simulate the performance changes during the first two creep stages and predict the influence of creep stresses on creep properties.Our work provides a potential approach to synchronously simulate the creep microstructure and property of superalloys strengthened by γ’precipitates.展开更多
Iridovirus poses a substantial threat to global aquaculture due to its high mortality rate;however,the molecular mechanisms underpinning its pathogenesis are not well elucidated.Here,a multi-omics approach was applied...Iridovirus poses a substantial threat to global aquaculture due to its high mortality rate;however,the molecular mechanisms underpinning its pathogenesis are not well elucidated.Here,a multi-omics approach was applied to groupers infected with Singapore grouper iridovirus(SGIV),focusing on the roles of key metabolites.Results showed that SGIV induced obvious histopathological damage and changes in metabolic enzymes within the liver.Furthermore,SGIV significantly reduced the contents of lipid droplets,triglycerides,cholesterol,and lipoproteins.Metabolomic analysis indicated that the altered metabolites were enriched in 19 pathways,with a notable down-regulation of lipid metabolites such as glycerophosphates and alpha-linolenic acid(ALA),consistent with disturbed lipid homeostasis in the liver.Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that the top enriched pathways were related to cell growth and death and nucleotide,carbohydrate,amino acid,and lipid metabolism,supporting the conclusion that SGIV infection induced liver metabolic reprogramming.Further integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis indicated that SGIV infection activated crucial molecular events in a phagosome-immune depression-metabolism dysregulation-necrosis signaling cascade.Of note,integrative multi-omics analysis demonstrated the consumption of ALA and linoleic acid(LA)metabolites,and the accumulation of L-glutamic acid(GA),accompanied by alterations in immune,inflammation,and cell death-related genes.Further experimental data showed that ALA,but not GA,suppressed SGIV replication by activating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses in the host.Collectively,these findings provide a comprehensive resource for understanding host response dynamics during fish iridovirus infection and highlight the antiviral potential of ALA in the prevention and treatment of iridoviral diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit ant...BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.展开更多
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of two methods in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with cabergoline and coasting. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (R...Objective: To compare the effectiveness of two methods in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with cabergoline and coasting. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Patients: Women were considered as have risk of OHSS undergoing fertility treatment. Interventions: Cabergoline, coasting. Result: There were included five RCT studies. The clinical pregnancy rate was no significantly difference between two groups (RR 1.22, 95% CI [0.86, 1.71]), implantation rate (RR 1.00, 95% CI [0.75, 1.32]), severe OHSS (RR 0.93, 95% CI [0.38, 2.31]), fertilization rate (SMD 0.70, 95% CI [-0.10, 1.50]), number of oocytes retrieved (SMD 0.80, 95% CI [0.30, 1.30]), number of embryo transfer (SMD-0.04, 95% CI [-0.24, 0.17]), E2 value on the day of HCG injection (SMD 0.21, 95% CI [-0.25, 0.68]), number of MII oocytes (SMD 0.71, 95% CI [0.32, 1.11]), abortion rate (RR 0.61, 95% CI [0.21, 1.83]), number of follicles > 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.01, 95% CI [-0.26, 0.24]), number of follicles 15 - 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.08, 95% CI [-0.33, 0.17]), number of follicles 10 - 14 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.06, 95% CI [-0.31, 0.19]). Conclusion: Both cabergoline and coasting prevent the occurrence of OHSS, but no statistically significant difference between them. Compared with coasting group, a daily dose of 0.5 mg cabergoline significantly increased the number of oocytes retrieved, MII oocytes, and fertilization rate, but decreased the abortion rate.展开更多
1.Objective Rhenium is a dissipated metal with the second highest melting point of 3180℃in periodic table.In the aerospace field,rhenium plays an indispensable role in the nickel superalloys for the production of air...1.Objective Rhenium is a dissipated metal with the second highest melting point of 3180℃in periodic table.In the aerospace field,rhenium plays an indispensable role in the nickel superalloys for the production of aircraft engine and turbine engine.Since very few amount of rhenium resource is existed as independent ore deposit,most rhenium resource is distributed within the porphyry copper and molybdenite ores,consequently rhenium is often recovered as a by-product from the waste acid in copper smelting process.In this paper,an innovative technique with low cost,high recovery rate and non-pollution for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process is introduced(Zhang B et al.,2017;Liu HZ et al.,2018).展开更多
Microstructure control is a great challenge in the high-temperature gradient directional solidification of eutectic composite ceramics due to the complex solidification behavior.Herein,the microstructure trans-formati...Microstructure control is a great challenge in the high-temperature gradient directional solidification of eutectic composite ceramics due to the complex solidification behavior.Herein,the microstructure trans-formation of faceted Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) thermal emission eutectic composite ceramics is explored over wide ranges of compositions(13.5 mol%-22.5 mol%Er_(2)O_(3))and solidification rates(2-200μm/s).Entirely cou-pled eutectics with primary phases suppressed are fabricated and the coupled zone is broadened in a wide range of 15.5 mol%-22.5 mol%Er_(2)O_(3) at low solidification rates.The competitive growth between eutectic and dendrite is evaluated on the basis of the maximum interface temperature criterion.In ad-dition,the mechanisms of irregular eutectic spacing selection and adjustment under different solidifi-cation rates are revealed based on Magnin-Kurz model.A successful prediction of lamellar to rod-like eutectics is achieved associated with the dynamic instability of lamellar eutectic and the corresponding enlarged coexistence region is mapped based on the interface undercooling.According to the well mi-crostructure tailoring,the flexural strength of Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) eutectic composite ceramics has improved from 508 MPa up to 1800 MPa due to the refined eutectic spacing with low fluctuation.The eutectic composite ceramics show strong selective optical absorption and the intensity increases with the refin-ing microstructure.The as-designed Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) composites with microstructural tailoring have great potential as integrations of structural and functional materials.展开更多
A straightforward coassembly strategy was developed for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles driving by the intermolecular hydrogen bond between neutral poly(2-methyl-2-oxaozline)(PMeOx),tannic acid(TA) and doxo...A straightforward coassembly strategy was developed for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles driving by the intermolecular hydrogen bond between neutral poly(2-methyl-2-oxaozline)(PMeOx),tannic acid(TA) and doxorubicin hydrochloride(Dox).The occurrence of the hydrogen-bonding amongst the different functionalities within the formed nanoparticles was verified by infrared(IR) spectroscopy.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),dynamic light scattering(DLS),UV-vis absorption and photoluminescent measurements indicated the rapid formation of uniform and water dispersible/stable nanoparticles.The relative poor stability of PMeOx-TA-Dox in fetal bovine serum(FBS) solution enabled the rapid separation of Dox and PMeOx-TA,facilitating the release of Dox and its entrance into cellular nuclei as revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM).The presented strategy may provide an efficient alternative for the construction of multifunctional nanomedicines.展开更多
The construction of an acid resistant catalyst for synthesis of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media is an important but highly challenging goal.Herein,an efficient Co@NCNT-800(after 800℃ pyrolysis) ...The construction of an acid resistant catalyst for synthesis of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media is an important but highly challenging goal.Herein,an efficient Co@NCNT-800(after 800℃ pyrolysis) catalyst was constructed by confining Co in N-doped carbon nano-tubes(NCNT) from low cost materials by a facile strategy.Combined with the characterization results and control experiments,the in situ formed Co and Co-Ox, but not Co-Nx, proved to be the main synergistic active sites of the catalyst.It was also found that Co species are completely isolated within the bamboo-like NCNT,which could protect the metal nanoparticles from agglomeration and leaching in the strong acid reaction system.The γ-valerolactone yield of no less than 99.9% can be obtained under a relatively mild condition,and the catalytic performance has not been significantly reduced within five cycles.Therefore,this work may pave a way for the design of robust non-noble catalyst,and has potential for the production of γ-valerolactone from biomass in large-scale industries.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate related factors with the change of spherical equivalents(ΔSE) and determine the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE(≥0.50 D) with cyclopentolate hydrochloride on Chinese children. METH...AIM: To evaluate related factors with the change of spherical equivalents(ΔSE) and determine the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE(≥0.50 D) with cyclopentolate hydrochloride on Chinese children. METHODS: A total of 145 right eyes of 145 children aged 4 to 15 y were enrolled. Intraocular pressure, axial length and lag of accommodation(LOA) were assessed before cycloplegia induced by 3 drops of 1% cyclopentolate at 5-minute intervals. SE was measured before and 1 h after the first drop of cyclopentolate. ΔSE was compared between different gender groups and among refractive groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to find related factors with ΔSE. ROC analysis was used to figure out the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE.RESULTS: For the total 145 eyes, the mean SE reached up to-0.70±1.86 D from-1.30±1.62 D, with the mean ΔSE of 0.60±0.55 D. The mean ΔSE were 0.63±0.55 D and 0.57±0.56 D respectively in the male and female group(P=0.40). The mean ΔSE was significantly different among different refractive groups(P<0.0001), with the ΔSE of hyperopia group(1.12±0.64 D) larger than that of the emmetropia(0.56±0.43 D, P=0.001) and myopia group(0.32±0.28 D, P<0.0001). The ΔSE was correlated with LOA(B=-0.54, P<0.0001), cycloplegic SE(B=0.10, P<0.0001) and age(B=-0.04, P=0.015). ROC curve indicated that LOA predicted clinically significant ΔSE by 82% [area under the curve(AUC)=0.82] alone, while the value was slightly improved to 85%(AUC=0.85) in combination with axial length and 86%(AUC=0.86) in association with axial length as well as age.CONCLUSION: After cycloplegia with cyclopentolate, the ΔSE decreases with larger LOA, longer axial length and older age. Specifically, LOA plays a more vital role in predicting clinically significant ΔSE.展开更多
Premature ovarian failure(POF)is a prevalent gynecological disorder with significant implications for the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals.Liu Wei Di Huang Wan(LWDHW),a Chinese herbal compound,ha...Premature ovarian failure(POF)is a prevalent gynecological disorder with significant implications for the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals.Liu Wei Di Huang Wan(LWDHW),a Chinese herbal compound,has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating the effects of POF.However,the underlying mechanism of action of LWDHW remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of LWDHW in treating POF using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.The active ingredients of LWDHW were initially screened through the TCMSP platform.At the same time,the relevant target genes associated with POF were identified using databases such as Disgenet,TTD,Drugbank,Gene Cards,OMIM,and Pharm GKB.Data analysis was conducted using the R language,Cytoscape,and STRING to construct and analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)regulatory network and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network maps.Subsequently,GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the R language.Finally,molecular docking was carried out between the protein receptors of the core genes and the corresponding small-molecule ligands.The study revealed 49 components and 189 predicted targets(after de-duplication)of LWDHW,along with 4524 targets(after de-duplication)associated with POF.Through comparative analysis,163 potential genes were identified as common targets of LWDHW and POF,participating in biological processes such as response to chemical substances,molecular function regulation,and signaling receptor binding.Key biological pathways implicated included the MAPK signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,and HIF-1 signaling pathway,among others.Molecular docking results demonstrated a robust binding ability between the core genes of LWDHW and their corresponding ingredients.In conclusion,this comprehensive analysis provided insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of LWDHW in treating POF.The identified common targets and associated pathways contributed to our understanding of how LWDHW exerted its therapeutic effects,paving the way for further research and clinical applications.It is worth noting that future studies with experimental validation and clinical trials are essential to confirm these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of LWDHW in the treatment of POF.展开更多
Learning programming has become an important part of education.However,most students have extreme difficulty learning programming and complex algorithms.This is because programming has a hierarchical logic.Solving com...Learning programming has become an important part of education.However,most students have extreme difficulty learning programming and complex algorithms.This is because programming has a hierarchical logic.Solving complex problems requires students to develop skills in decomposing problems.To this end,this paper describes an effective method to develop an online platform for teaching complex algorithms.展开更多
The current study investigated correlations between the expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain 1 （LRIG1） and antioxidant enzymes and related proteins, including manganese superoxide dismut...The current study investigated correlations between the expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain 1 （LRIG1） and antioxidant enzymes and related proteins, including manganese superoxide dismutase, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic or regulatory subunit, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, in both human ependymoma and oligodendroglioma. Results revealed that the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit in the human ependymoma, while the nuclear expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of thioredoxin reductase. In human oligodendroglioma, the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of the glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit. Both the nuclear and perinuclear expressions of LRIG1 were associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase regulatory subunit. These results indicated that several antioxidant enzymes and related proteins contributed to LRIG1 expression, and that these may participate in the antioxidation of the cells.展开更多
The thermocline-sea surface temperature(SST)feedback is the most important component of the Bjerknes feedback,which plays an important role in the development of the air-sea coupling modes of the Indian Ocean.The ther...The thermocline-sea surface temperature(SST)feedback is the most important component of the Bjerknes feedback,which plays an important role in the development of the air-sea coupling modes of the Indian Ocean.The thermocline-SST feedback in the Indian Ocean has experienced significant decadal variations over the last40 a.The feedback intensified in the late twentieth century and then weakened during the hiatus in global warming at the early twenty-first century.The thermocline-SST feedback is most prominent in the southeastern and southwestern Indian Ocean.Although the decadal variations of feedback are similar in these two regions,there are still differences in the underlying mechanisms.The decadal variations of feedback in the southeastern Indian Ocean are dominated by variations in the depth of the thermocline,which are modulated by equatorial zonal wind anomalies.Whereas the decadal variation of feedback in the southwestern Indian Ocean is mainly controlled by the intensity of upwelling and thermocline depth in winter and spring,respectively.The upwelling and thermocline depth are both affected by wind stress curl anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean,which excite anomalous Ekman pumping and influence the southwestern Indian Ocean through westward propagating Rossby waves.展开更多
White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrien...White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52375443)the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51921003).
文摘Improvements in aero-engine performance have made the structures of the aero-engine components increasingly complex.To better adapt to the processing requirements of narrow twisted channels such as an integral shrouded blisk,this study proposes an innovative method of electrochemical cutting in which a flexible tube electrode is controlled by online deformation during processing.In this study,the processing principle of electrochemical cutting with a flexible electrode for controlled online deformation(FECC)was revealed for the first time.The online deformation process of flexible electrodes and the machining process of profiles were analysed in depth,and the corresponding theoretical models were established.Conventional electrochemical machining(ECM)is a multi-physical field-coupled process involving electric and flow fields.In FECC,classical mechanics are introduced into the tool cathode,which must be loaded at all times during the machining process.Therefore,in this study,before and after the deformation of the flexible electrode,a corresponding simulation study was conducted to understand the influence of the online deformation of the flexible electrode on the flow and electric fields.The feasibility of flexible electrodes for online deformation and the validity of the theoretical model were verified by deformation measurements and in situ observation experiments.Finally,the method was successfully applied to the machining of nickel-based high-temperature alloys,and different specifications of flexible electrodes were used to complete the machining of the corresponding complex profiles,thereby verifying the feasibility and versatility of the method.The method proposed in this study breaks the tradition of using a non-deformable cathode for ECM and adopts a flexible electrode that can be deformed during the machining process as the tool cathode,which improves machining flexibility and provides a valuable reference to promote the ECM of complex profiles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52476053,No.22409209)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.3242017)。
文摘All-solid-state lithium metal batteries represent leading candidates for the next generation of highenergy-density rechargeable batteries.However,the coupled mechanisms governing dendrite growth and crack propagation within solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)remain inadequately understood.To address this knowledge gap,we propose an electrochemical-mechanical coupled phase-field model designed to simulate the complex processes of lithium deposition and crack propagation in SSEs.This framework systematically examines the influence of initial defect characteristics—including morphology,dimensions,and fracture toughness—on dendrite penetration dynamics.Furthermore,it identifies potential initiation pathways for detrimental lithium deposition within the electrolyte bulk.The model also quantifies the critical role of electrolyte elastic modulus and grain boundary orientation in modulating deposition behavior.Notably,simulation results demonstrate concordance with existing experimental observations,thereby establishing a fundamental theoretical framework for understanding failure mechanisms.This work provides crucial mechanistic insights and predictive capabilities to guide the rational design of failure-resistant SSEs for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220818100407016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275059)+1 种基金Guangdong Special Support Program(No.2021TX06L775)high-level special funds(No.G03050K002)。
文摘High-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathodes are critical for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The development of binders compatible with high-voltage NCM811 cathode materials is crucial to enhance the electrochemical performance of LIBs.However,the traditional fluoropolymer binder,poly(vinylidene difluoride)(PVDF),can potentially leach components or break down into poly(fluoroalkyl substances)(PFAS)chemicals,thereby contributing to PFAS contamination.A novel fluorine-free polymer,polysulfone-polyamide-polyimide(SPIO),was designed and synthesized as a binder for NCM811 cathodes.The SPIO binder exhibits exceptional mechanical properties and superior electrochemical characteristics.The cathode film fabricated with SPIO demonstrated a remarkable delamination force of 8 N(390 N·m^(-1)),indicating robust adhesion.The Li‖NCM811 cell incorporating the SPIO binder retained 80%of its initial capacity after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C.In comparison,the control cells assem bled with the PVDF binder retained only 52%of their capacities under the same cycling conditions.Furthermore,the SPIO binder exhibited improved compatibility with the electrolyte.Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the cathode films after 100 cycles revealed the formation of a unifo rm,dense,and continuous chemical-electrochemical interface(CEI)by the SPIO binder on the surface of the NCM811 particles,which significantly contributed to the enhancement of the electrochemical performance.These results highlight the potential of SPIO as an advanced binder material for high-perfo rmance lithium-ion batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279044,12034002,and 22202080)Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(No.20210301009GX)+1 种基金Project for Self-Innovation Capability Construction of Jilin Province Development and Reform Com-mission(No.2021C026)the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M711296).
文摘Utilizing carbon dioxide and nitrate from industrial wastewater presents a promising and sustainable ap-proach for urea synthesis,which serves as an alternative to conventional high-energy methods.However,the intricate electrochemical urea synthesis process involved multiple intermediates and diverse path-ways,resulting in an unclear reaction mechanism and low efficiency in C-N coupling.In order to address these challenges,we developed a novel Cu-NiNC catalyst featuring both Cu cluster and Ni single atom sites.The Cu-NiNC achieved a urea Faradaic efficiency(F_(Eurea))of 18.28%,with a maximum urea yield of 64.24μg h^(−1)mg^(−1).Through a combination of electrochemical measurements and theoretical calculations,our findings demonstrate that∗NH_(2)and∗CO intermediates are formed at the Cu and Ni sites,respectively,and subsequently couple to generate the crucial∗CONH_(2)intermediate,thereby facilitating urea synthe-sis.This study introduces a new perspective on the design of innovative and efficient catalysts for urea synthesis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFE0100600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92166103,U23A20621,and 92066202)+1 种基金the Top-Notch Young Talents Program of Hubei.Yasir is grateful for financial support from the Pakistan Science Foundation(Project Reference:PSF/CRP-18th Protocol(05))the State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology(Project Reference:2021-008).
文摘Achieving a delicate synergy between mechanical robustness and antifouling attributes in coatings remains a formidable challenge for marine applications. Inspired by the assembly of nacre, we present a novel approach to fabricate a nacre-like metallic coating. This coating comprises an amorphous matrix with excellent anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties, as well as Cu-rich 3D interconnected channels for antifouling function. The coating is produced by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying of surface-modified Fe-based amorphous powders with a Cu-layer. The resulting coating exhibits exceptional mechanical robustness, including high resistance to erosion, abrasion, and impact, surpassing conventional polymer antifouling coatings. Furthermore, the controlled Cu+ leaching capability of the in-situ constructed 3D interconnected diffusion channels, facilitated by the Cu-rich intersplats, contributes to the remarkable antifouling performance. This includes nearly 100 % resistance to bacterial adhesion after 1 day of immersion and over 98 % resistance to algal attachment after 7 d of immersion, resulting in a prolonged service lifetime. Notably, even after 200 cycles of wear damage, the Cu-modified amorphous coating still maintains its excellent antifouling properties. The Cu-rich intersplats play a critical role in transporting and sustainably leaching Cu ions, thereby accounting for the outstanding antifouling performance. Ultimately, we aim to advance the design of high-performance coatings suited for diverse marine applications, where both the mechanical robustness and antifouling properties are essential.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227232)the STS Project of Fujian-CAS(No.2023T3018)Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.322GJHZ2022035MI).
文摘Anammox bacteria in constructed wetlands(CWs)play pivotal role in sustainable nitrogen transformation,yet existing studies lack comprehensive analysis of environmental gradients and microbial interactions,both key factors in anammox bacteria enrichment.This study investigated the mechanisms driving anammox bacteria enrichment in lab-scale simulated CWs treating high-nitrogen wastewater,focusing on bacterial community re-sponses across wetland layers with various strategies,including continuous up-flow influent,nitrogen loading increase,effluent recirculation,intermittent influent,and anammox bacteria inoculation.Results showed that total relative and absolute abundances of anammox bacteria ranged from 0.77%to 12.50%and from 0.13 to 6.46×10^(7) copies/g,respectively.Dissolved oxygen and pH had significant positive correlations with the absolute abundance of anammox bacteria,while organic matter and nitrate negatively impacted their relative abundance.Permutational multivariate analysis of variance indicated that spatial heterogeneity explained more variation in anammox bacteria abundance(43.44%)compared to operational strategies(8.58%).In terms of microbial interactions,60 dominant species exhibited potential correlations with anammox bacteria,comprising 170 interactions(105 positive and 65 negative),which suggested that anammox bacteria generally foster cooperative relationships with dominant bacteria.Notably,significant interspecies interactions were observed between Candidatus Kuenenia(dominant anammox bacteria in CWs)and species within the genera Chitinivibrio-nia and Anaerolineaceae,suggesting that microbial interactions primarily manifest as indirect facilitative effects rather than direct mutualistic relationships.Given that the Normalized Stochasticity Ratio in CWs were<50%,this study inferred that environmental gradients have greater influence on anammox bacteria than microbial interactions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0702902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51971174)+1 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2017-VI-0001-0070)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2020ZDLGY13-02)。
文摘A phase-field model coupling with elastoplastic de fo rmation and creep damage has been built to study the micro structural evolution and deformation behavior for Ni-Al single crystal alloy during the whole creep processing.The relevant experiments were conducted to verify the model validity.The simulation re sults show that under the tensile creep at 1223 K/100 MPa,cubic γ’phases coarsen along the direction parallel to the axis of tensile stress during the first two creep stages;and spindle-shaped and wavy γ’phases are fo rmed during tertiary creep,similar to the experimental results.The evolution mechanism of γ’phases is analyzed from the perspective of changes of stress and strain fields.The"is land-like"γ phase is observed and its formation mechanism is discussed.With the increase of creep stress,the directional coarsening of γ’phase is accelerated,the steady-state creep rate is increased and the creep life is decreased.The comparison between simulated and experimental creep curves shows that this phase-field model can effectively simulate the performance changes during the first two creep stages and predict the influence of creep stresses on creep properties.Our work provides a potential approach to synchronously simulate the creep microstructure and property of superalloys strengthened by γ’precipitates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930115,32173007)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-47-G16)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515010595)。
文摘Iridovirus poses a substantial threat to global aquaculture due to its high mortality rate;however,the molecular mechanisms underpinning its pathogenesis are not well elucidated.Here,a multi-omics approach was applied to groupers infected with Singapore grouper iridovirus(SGIV),focusing on the roles of key metabolites.Results showed that SGIV induced obvious histopathological damage and changes in metabolic enzymes within the liver.Furthermore,SGIV significantly reduced the contents of lipid droplets,triglycerides,cholesterol,and lipoproteins.Metabolomic analysis indicated that the altered metabolites were enriched in 19 pathways,with a notable down-regulation of lipid metabolites such as glycerophosphates and alpha-linolenic acid(ALA),consistent with disturbed lipid homeostasis in the liver.Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that the top enriched pathways were related to cell growth and death and nucleotide,carbohydrate,amino acid,and lipid metabolism,supporting the conclusion that SGIV infection induced liver metabolic reprogramming.Further integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis indicated that SGIV infection activated crucial molecular events in a phagosome-immune depression-metabolism dysregulation-necrosis signaling cascade.Of note,integrative multi-omics analysis demonstrated the consumption of ALA and linoleic acid(LA)metabolites,and the accumulation of L-glutamic acid(GA),accompanied by alterations in immune,inflammation,and cell death-related genes.Further experimental data showed that ALA,but not GA,suppressed SGIV replication by activating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses in the host.Collectively,these findings provide a comprehensive resource for understanding host response dynamics during fish iridovirus infection and highlight the antiviral potential of ALA in the prevention and treatment of iridoviral diseases.
基金Supported by The Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,Capital Research and Demonstration Application of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology,No. Z191100006619038 and No. Z171100001017077The Capital Health Research and Development of Special,No. 2020-1-2012
文摘BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.
文摘Objective: To compare the effectiveness of two methods in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with cabergoline and coasting. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Patients: Women were considered as have risk of OHSS undergoing fertility treatment. Interventions: Cabergoline, coasting. Result: There were included five RCT studies. The clinical pregnancy rate was no significantly difference between two groups (RR 1.22, 95% CI [0.86, 1.71]), implantation rate (RR 1.00, 95% CI [0.75, 1.32]), severe OHSS (RR 0.93, 95% CI [0.38, 2.31]), fertilization rate (SMD 0.70, 95% CI [-0.10, 1.50]), number of oocytes retrieved (SMD 0.80, 95% CI [0.30, 1.30]), number of embryo transfer (SMD-0.04, 95% CI [-0.24, 0.17]), E2 value on the day of HCG injection (SMD 0.21, 95% CI [-0.25, 0.68]), number of MII oocytes (SMD 0.71, 95% CI [0.32, 1.11]), abortion rate (RR 0.61, 95% CI [0.21, 1.83]), number of follicles > 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.01, 95% CI [-0.26, 0.24]), number of follicles 15 - 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.08, 95% CI [-0.33, 0.17]), number of follicles 10 - 14 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.06, 95% CI [-0.31, 0.19]). Conclusion: Both cabergoline and coasting prevent the occurrence of OHSS, but no statistically significant difference between them. Compared with coasting group, a daily dose of 0.5 mg cabergoline significantly increased the number of oocytes retrieved, MII oocytes, and fertilization rate, but decreased the abortion rate.
基金This technology has been granted a national patent for invention(ZL 201710434010.X)which is shown as Fig.4.This study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(51404220).
文摘1.Objective Rhenium is a dissipated metal with the second highest melting point of 3180℃in periodic table.In the aerospace field,rhenium plays an indispensable role in the nickel superalloys for the production of aircraft engine and turbine engine.Since very few amount of rhenium resource is existed as independent ore deposit,most rhenium resource is distributed within the porphyry copper and molybdenite ores,consequently rhenium is often recovered as a by-product from the waste acid in copper smelting process.In this paper,an innovative technique with low cost,high recovery rate and non-pollution for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process is introduced(Zhang B et al.,2017;Liu HZ et al.,2018).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52130204,52174376,and 51822405)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2021B1515120028)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Team Plan of Shaan Xi Province (No.2021TD-17)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.D5000210902)the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (Nos.CX2021056,CX2021066,and CX2022033),China.
文摘Microstructure control is a great challenge in the high-temperature gradient directional solidification of eutectic composite ceramics due to the complex solidification behavior.Herein,the microstructure trans-formation of faceted Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) thermal emission eutectic composite ceramics is explored over wide ranges of compositions(13.5 mol%-22.5 mol%Er_(2)O_(3))and solidification rates(2-200μm/s).Entirely cou-pled eutectics with primary phases suppressed are fabricated and the coupled zone is broadened in a wide range of 15.5 mol%-22.5 mol%Er_(2)O_(3) at low solidification rates.The competitive growth between eutectic and dendrite is evaluated on the basis of the maximum interface temperature criterion.In ad-dition,the mechanisms of irregular eutectic spacing selection and adjustment under different solidifi-cation rates are revealed based on Magnin-Kurz model.A successful prediction of lamellar to rod-like eutectics is achieved associated with the dynamic instability of lamellar eutectic and the corresponding enlarged coexistence region is mapped based on the interface undercooling.According to the well mi-crostructure tailoring,the flexural strength of Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) eutectic composite ceramics has improved from 508 MPa up to 1800 MPa due to the refined eutectic spacing with low fluctuation.The eutectic composite ceramics show strong selective optical absorption and the intensity increases with the refin-ing microstructure.The as-designed Al_(2)O_(3)/Er_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) composites with microstructural tailoring have great potential as integrations of structural and functional materials.
基金The financial support of this work from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51673194)Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos.20180101196JC and 20180101170JC)。
文摘A straightforward coassembly strategy was developed for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles driving by the intermolecular hydrogen bond between neutral poly(2-methyl-2-oxaozline)(PMeOx),tannic acid(TA) and doxorubicin hydrochloride(Dox).The occurrence of the hydrogen-bonding amongst the different functionalities within the formed nanoparticles was verified by infrared(IR) spectroscopy.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),dynamic light scattering(DLS),UV-vis absorption and photoluminescent measurements indicated the rapid formation of uniform and water dispersible/stable nanoparticles.The relative poor stability of PMeOx-TA-Dox in fetal bovine serum(FBS) solution enabled the rapid separation of Dox and PMeOx-TA,facilitating the release of Dox and its entrance into cellular nuclei as revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM).The presented strategy may provide an efficient alternative for the construction of multifunctional nanomedicines.
基金the funding supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21406103)Support plan for Excellent Youth Innovation Team in Shandong Colleges and Universities (2020KJC012)the Foundation of Liaocheng University (318011702)。
文摘The construction of an acid resistant catalyst for synthesis of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media is an important but highly challenging goal.Herein,an efficient Co@NCNT-800(after 800℃ pyrolysis) catalyst was constructed by confining Co in N-doped carbon nano-tubes(NCNT) from low cost materials by a facile strategy.Combined with the characterization results and control experiments,the in situ formed Co and Co-Ox, but not Co-Nx, proved to be the main synergistic active sites of the catalyst.It was also found that Co species are completely isolated within the bamboo-like NCNT,which could protect the metal nanoparticles from agglomeration and leaching in the strong acid reaction system.The γ-valerolactone yield of no less than 99.9% can be obtained under a relatively mild condition,and the catalytic performance has not been significantly reduced within five cycles.Therefore,this work may pave a way for the design of robust non-noble catalyst,and has potential for the production of γ-valerolactone from biomass in large-scale industries.
文摘AIM: To evaluate related factors with the change of spherical equivalents(ΔSE) and determine the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE(≥0.50 D) with cyclopentolate hydrochloride on Chinese children. METHODS: A total of 145 right eyes of 145 children aged 4 to 15 y were enrolled. Intraocular pressure, axial length and lag of accommodation(LOA) were assessed before cycloplegia induced by 3 drops of 1% cyclopentolate at 5-minute intervals. SE was measured before and 1 h after the first drop of cyclopentolate. ΔSE was compared between different gender groups and among refractive groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to find related factors with ΔSE. ROC analysis was used to figure out the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE.RESULTS: For the total 145 eyes, the mean SE reached up to-0.70±1.86 D from-1.30±1.62 D, with the mean ΔSE of 0.60±0.55 D. The mean ΔSE were 0.63±0.55 D and 0.57±0.56 D respectively in the male and female group(P=0.40). The mean ΔSE was significantly different among different refractive groups(P<0.0001), with the ΔSE of hyperopia group(1.12±0.64 D) larger than that of the emmetropia(0.56±0.43 D, P=0.001) and myopia group(0.32±0.28 D, P<0.0001). The ΔSE was correlated with LOA(B=-0.54, P<0.0001), cycloplegic SE(B=0.10, P<0.0001) and age(B=-0.04, P=0.015). ROC curve indicated that LOA predicted clinically significant ΔSE by 82% [area under the curve(AUC)=0.82] alone, while the value was slightly improved to 85%(AUC=0.85) in combination with axial length and 86%(AUC=0.86) in association with axial length as well as age.CONCLUSION: After cycloplegia with cyclopentolate, the ΔSE decreases with larger LOA, longer axial length and older age. Specifically, LOA plays a more vital role in predicting clinically significant ΔSE.
基金Science and Technology Commission Joint Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Chongqing,China(Grant No.2023MSXM166)。
文摘Premature ovarian failure(POF)is a prevalent gynecological disorder with significant implications for the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals.Liu Wei Di Huang Wan(LWDHW),a Chinese herbal compound,has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating the effects of POF.However,the underlying mechanism of action of LWDHW remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of LWDHW in treating POF using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.The active ingredients of LWDHW were initially screened through the TCMSP platform.At the same time,the relevant target genes associated with POF were identified using databases such as Disgenet,TTD,Drugbank,Gene Cards,OMIM,and Pharm GKB.Data analysis was conducted using the R language,Cytoscape,and STRING to construct and analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)regulatory network and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network maps.Subsequently,GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the R language.Finally,molecular docking was carried out between the protein receptors of the core genes and the corresponding small-molecule ligands.The study revealed 49 components and 189 predicted targets(after de-duplication)of LWDHW,along with 4524 targets(after de-duplication)associated with POF.Through comparative analysis,163 potential genes were identified as common targets of LWDHW and POF,participating in biological processes such as response to chemical substances,molecular function regulation,and signaling receptor binding.Key biological pathways implicated included the MAPK signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,and HIF-1 signaling pathway,among others.Molecular docking results demonstrated a robust binding ability between the core genes of LWDHW and their corresponding ingredients.In conclusion,this comprehensive analysis provided insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of LWDHW in treating POF.The identified common targets and associated pathways contributed to our understanding of how LWDHW exerted its therapeutic effects,paving the way for further research and clinical applications.It is worth noting that future studies with experimental validation and clinical trials are essential to confirm these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of LWDHW in the treatment of POF.
基金by the XJTLU Research Fund(Grant No.RDF-21-01-053,TDF21/22-R23-160)External Research Fund(Grant No.RDS10120220093,RDS10120220021).
文摘Learning programming has become an important part of education.However,most students have extreme difficulty learning programming and complex algorithms.This is because programming has a hierarchical logic.Solving complex problems requires students to develop skills in decomposing problems.To this end,this paper describes an effective method to develop an online platform for teaching complex algorithms.
基金the Swedish Institute, No. 00287/2006210the North Sweden Cancer Foundation, Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program New Teacher of Higher Education by the Chinese Ministry of Education, No. 200804861039the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973073, 30973072
文摘The current study investigated correlations between the expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain 1 （LRIG1） and antioxidant enzymes and related proteins, including manganese superoxide dismutase, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic or regulatory subunit, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, in both human ependymoma and oligodendroglioma. Results revealed that the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit in the human ependymoma, while the nuclear expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of thioredoxin reductase. In human oligodendroglioma, the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of the glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit. Both the nuclear and perinuclear expressions of LRIG1 were associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase regulatory subunit. These results indicated that several antioxidant enzymes and related proteins contributed to LRIG1 expression, and that these may participate in the antioxidation of the cells.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41976021,41676020,41876028 and41876030the Taishan Scholars Programs of Shandong Province under contract Nos tsqn201909165 and ts20190963the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Program under contract No.GASI-04-QYQH-03。
文摘The thermocline-sea surface temperature(SST)feedback is the most important component of the Bjerknes feedback,which plays an important role in the development of the air-sea coupling modes of the Indian Ocean.The thermocline-SST feedback in the Indian Ocean has experienced significant decadal variations over the last40 a.The feedback intensified in the late twentieth century and then weakened during the hiatus in global warming at the early twenty-first century.The thermocline-SST feedback is most prominent in the southeastern and southwestern Indian Ocean.Although the decadal variations of feedback are similar in these two regions,there are still differences in the underlying mechanisms.The decadal variations of feedback in the southeastern Indian Ocean are dominated by variations in the depth of the thermocline,which are modulated by equatorial zonal wind anomalies.Whereas the decadal variation of feedback in the southwestern Indian Ocean is mainly controlled by the intensity of upwelling and thermocline depth in winter and spring,respectively.The upwelling and thermocline depth are both affected by wind stress curl anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean,which excite anomalous Ekman pumping and influence the southwestern Indian Ocean through westward propagating Rossby waves.
基金funded by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2020QC005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272789)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000041)the Shandong Edible Fungus Agricultural Technology System(SDAIT-07-02)the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Plan(2021ZDSYS28)the Qingdao Agricultural University Scientific Research Foundation(6631120076)。
文摘White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research.
