随着可再生能源并网比例增加及需求侧负荷多样化,多微网系统在促进分布式能源消纳方面发挥关键作用。为实现多微网系统内源荷储之间的高效协同配合,提出一种考虑虚拟储能(virtual energy storage,VES)的多微网混合博弈模型。首先根据空...随着可再生能源并网比例增加及需求侧负荷多样化,多微网系统在促进分布式能源消纳方面发挥关键作用。为实现多微网系统内源荷储之间的高效协同配合,提出一种考虑虚拟储能(virtual energy storage,VES)的多微网混合博弈模型。首先根据空调负荷等效热力学特性、电动汽车充放电特性,构建基于电动汽车集群、空调负荷集群的虚拟储能模型。其次构建以多微网运营商为领导者,负荷聚合商、储能运营商为跟随者的主从博弈模型,并在主从博弈基础上引入多微网运营商中各微网间的合作博弈,促进微网间的端对端(peer-to-peer,P2P)电能交易,在合作收益分配问题中,引入基于非线性函数贡献度的纳什议价模型,实现更加公平的微网间利益分配。最后基于结合求解器的自适应差分进化算法以及交替方向乘子法求解所提出的模型。仿真结果表明,所提多微网混合博弈模型有效均衡了各主体的效益,同时提升了多微网运营商的效益,使多微网内分布式可再生能源消纳率提升至100%,实体储能的充放电量减少16%的同时向上级电网的购电量也减少44%,降低了对实体储能以及上级电网的依赖。展开更多
Age-related decline in cognition represents a major unaddressed health problem for the elder.Myelin remodeling persists throughout the lifespan,but lttle is known about the longitudinal dynamics and functional signifi...Age-related decline in cognition represents a major unaddressed health problem for the elder.Myelin remodeling persists throughout the lifespan,but lttle is known about the longitudinal dynamics and functional significance during aging.To characterize myelin dynamics during aging,we examined pre-existing and newly formed myelin in mature adult(4-6 months),middle-aged(10-14 months)and old(18-22 months)mice by lineage tracing and histology.展开更多
文摘随着可再生能源并网比例增加及需求侧负荷多样化,多微网系统在促进分布式能源消纳方面发挥关键作用。为实现多微网系统内源荷储之间的高效协同配合,提出一种考虑虚拟储能(virtual energy storage,VES)的多微网混合博弈模型。首先根据空调负荷等效热力学特性、电动汽车充放电特性,构建基于电动汽车集群、空调负荷集群的虚拟储能模型。其次构建以多微网运营商为领导者,负荷聚合商、储能运营商为跟随者的主从博弈模型,并在主从博弈基础上引入多微网运营商中各微网间的合作博弈,促进微网间的端对端(peer-to-peer,P2P)电能交易,在合作收益分配问题中,引入基于非线性函数贡献度的纳什议价模型,实现更加公平的微网间利益分配。最后基于结合求解器的自适应差分进化算法以及交替方向乘子法求解所提出的模型。仿真结果表明,所提多微网混合博弈模型有效均衡了各主体的效益,同时提升了多微网运营商的效益,使多微网内分布式可再生能源消纳率提升至100%,实体储能的充放电量减少16%的同时向上级电网的购电量也减少44%,降低了对实体储能以及上级电网的依赖。
文摘Age-related decline in cognition represents a major unaddressed health problem for the elder.Myelin remodeling persists throughout the lifespan,but lttle is known about the longitudinal dynamics and functional significance during aging.To characterize myelin dynamics during aging,we examined pre-existing and newly formed myelin in mature adult(4-6 months),middle-aged(10-14 months)and old(18-22 months)mice by lineage tracing and histology.
