Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At pre...Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At present,many commercial IBV vaccines have been used for the prevention and control of IB;however,IB outbreaks occur frequently.In this study,two new strains of IBV,SX/2106 and SX/2204,were isolated from two flocks which were immunized with IBV H120 vaccine in central China.Phylogenetic and recombination analysis indicated that SX/2106,which was clustered into the GI-19 lineage,may be derived from recombination events of the GI-19 and GI-7 strains and the LDT3-A vaccine.Genetic analysis showed that SX/2204 belongs to the GVI-1 lineage,which may have originated from the recombination of the GI-13 and GVI-1 strains and the H120 vaccine.The virus cross-neutralization test showed that the antigenicity of SX/2106 and SX/2204 was different from H120.Animal experiments found that both SX/2106 and SX/2204 could replicate effectively in the lungs and kidneys of chickens and cause disease and death,and H120 immunization could not provide effective protection against the two IBV isolates.It is noteworthy that the pathogenicity of SX/2204 has significantly increased compared to the GVI-1 strains isolated previously,with a mortality rate up to 60%.Considering the continuous mutation and recombination of the IBV genome to produce new variant strains,it is important to continuously monitor epidemic strains and develop new vaccines for the prevention and control of IBV epidemics.展开更多
Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) is a dynamic topology network, in which connection durations of each link are variable and paths between two nodes are intermittent. Most of protocols which are widely used in traditiona...Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) is a dynamic topology network, in which connection durations of each link are variable and paths between two nodes are intermittent. Most of protocols which are widely used in traditional wireless network are not suitable for DTNs. DTN adopts store-and-forward mechanism to cope with the problem of intermittent path. With limited storage of each node, it is a challenge for scheduling nodes’ transmission to avoid overflow of nodes’ buffers. In this paper we propose an optimal transmission scheduling algorithm for DTN with nodes’ buffer constraints. The object of the optimal algorithm is to get maximum throughput. We also present an algorithm for obtaining suboptimal transmission schedules. Our solution is certified through simulation, and it is observed that our solution can improve network performance in the aspects of avoiding overflow and increasing network throughput.展开更多
目的对行人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)的膝骨关节病患者进行长期随访,评估远期假体生存率和临床效果。方法本研究基于既往一项已完成随访的队列研究。回顾性收集1993—2002年北京协和医院接受初次TKA术且随访20年...目的对行人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)的膝骨关节病患者进行长期随访,评估远期假体生存率和临床效果。方法本研究基于既往一项已完成随访的队列研究。回顾性收集1993—2002年北京协和医院接受初次TKA术且随访20年以上的膝骨关节病(包括膝骨关节炎和膝关节类风湿关节炎)患者的临床资料,并于2024年11月10日对入组患者统一进行1次末次随访。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线评估假体生存率。比较患者术前、术后10年、末次随访时特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)评分和屈伸关节活动度(range of motion,ROM),以评价TKA临床疗效,并在末次随访时采用Likert量表评估患者满意度。结果1993—2002年间,北京协和医院行初次TKA术且随访10年以上的患者共226例(246膝)。其中104例(131膝)获得末次随访并纳入本研究分析,包括21例(24膝)假体在位,18例(18膝)因各种原因行二次手术,65例(89膝)因非TKA术原因死亡。截至末次随访,平均随访≥20年的患者共29例(35膝),完成HSS评分、ROM测定及患者满意度评价者12例(16膝)。Kaplan-Meier曲线显示,10年、15年、20年、25年假体生存率分别为93.6%、92.4%、89.8%、71.8%。末次随访时HSS评分虽较术后随访10年时有所降低[(84.69±11.03)分比(95.25±13.32)分,P<0.05],但较术前显著改善[(84.69±11.03)分比(58.75±7.19)分,P<0.05]。术前、术后随访10年、末次随访时膝关节屈伸ROM分别为(93.44±17.30)°、(101.88±13.33)°、(91.56±15.98)°,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者满意度方面,10膝(62.50%)评分为4分(非常满意),余6膝(37.50%)均为3分(满意),满意度为100%。结论TKA治疗膝骨关节病远期假体生存率高,膝关节功能改善显著,患者满意度高。展开更多
Objective:To investigate whether continuous erector spinae plane block(ESPB)improves the quality of recovery(QoR)and decreases postoperative acute and chronic pain in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac sur...Objective:To investigate whether continuous erector spinae plane block(ESPB)improves the quality of recovery(QoR)and decreases postoperative acute and chronic pain in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery.Methods:This was a single-center,double-blind,prospective,randomized,placebo-controlled trial.A total of 120 patients were randomized to groups at a 1:1 ratio.They received general anaesthesia and an ESP catheter(ropivacaine or normal saline)before surgery,and received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil and continuous ESPB with a pulse injection of 8 mL(ropivacaine or normal saline)per h after 20 mL of the experimental drug was administered at the end of surgery.The primary outcome was the 15-item quality of recovery scale(QoR-15)score at 24 h after surgery.The secondary outcomes included the severity of pain,sufentanil consumption,incidence of rescue analgesia,and proportion of patients with chronic pain.Results:The QoR-15 score was greater in the ESPB group than in the control group at 24 h after surgery[112(108–118)vs.109(101–114),P=0.023].ESPB was associated with a lower cough visual analogue scale(VAS)score(44 vs.47,P=0.001),resting VAS score(28 vs.35.5,P=0.003),sufentanil consumption(104.8µg vs.145.5µg,P=0.000),and incidence of rescue analgesia(20.0%vs.43.3%,P=0.006).Conclusion:Continuous ESPB mildly improved the QoR-15 score in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery and reduced postoperative pain scores,opioid consumption,and the incidence of rescue analgesia.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202788)the Special Research Fund of Shanxi Agricultural University for High-level Talents,China(2021XG004)+3 种基金the Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”,China(20211331-13)the Shanxi Province Excellent Doctoral Work Award-Scientific Research Project,China(SXBYKY2021063,SXBYKY2021005,and SXBYKY 2022014)the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of Shanxi Province,China(2023CYJSTX15-13)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province,China(202103021224156)。
文摘Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At present,many commercial IBV vaccines have been used for the prevention and control of IB;however,IB outbreaks occur frequently.In this study,two new strains of IBV,SX/2106 and SX/2204,were isolated from two flocks which were immunized with IBV H120 vaccine in central China.Phylogenetic and recombination analysis indicated that SX/2106,which was clustered into the GI-19 lineage,may be derived from recombination events of the GI-19 and GI-7 strains and the LDT3-A vaccine.Genetic analysis showed that SX/2204 belongs to the GVI-1 lineage,which may have originated from the recombination of the GI-13 and GVI-1 strains and the H120 vaccine.The virus cross-neutralization test showed that the antigenicity of SX/2106 and SX/2204 was different from H120.Animal experiments found that both SX/2106 and SX/2204 could replicate effectively in the lungs and kidneys of chickens and cause disease and death,and H120 immunization could not provide effective protection against the two IBV isolates.It is noteworthy that the pathogenicity of SX/2204 has significantly increased compared to the GVI-1 strains isolated previously,with a mortality rate up to 60%.Considering the continuous mutation and recombination of the IBV genome to produce new variant strains,it is important to continuously monitor epidemic strains and develop new vaccines for the prevention and control of IBV epidemics.
文摘Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) is a dynamic topology network, in which connection durations of each link are variable and paths between two nodes are intermittent. Most of protocols which are widely used in traditional wireless network are not suitable for DTNs. DTN adopts store-and-forward mechanism to cope with the problem of intermittent path. With limited storage of each node, it is a challenge for scheduling nodes’ transmission to avoid overflow of nodes’ buffers. In this paper we propose an optimal transmission scheduling algorithm for DTN with nodes’ buffer constraints. The object of the optimal algorithm is to get maximum throughput. We also present an algorithm for obtaining suboptimal transmission schedules. Our solution is certified through simulation, and it is observed that our solution can improve network performance in the aspects of avoiding overflow and increasing network throughput.
文摘目的对行人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)的膝骨关节病患者进行长期随访,评估远期假体生存率和临床效果。方法本研究基于既往一项已完成随访的队列研究。回顾性收集1993—2002年北京协和医院接受初次TKA术且随访20年以上的膝骨关节病(包括膝骨关节炎和膝关节类风湿关节炎)患者的临床资料,并于2024年11月10日对入组患者统一进行1次末次随访。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线评估假体生存率。比较患者术前、术后10年、末次随访时特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)评分和屈伸关节活动度(range of motion,ROM),以评价TKA临床疗效,并在末次随访时采用Likert量表评估患者满意度。结果1993—2002年间,北京协和医院行初次TKA术且随访10年以上的患者共226例(246膝)。其中104例(131膝)获得末次随访并纳入本研究分析,包括21例(24膝)假体在位,18例(18膝)因各种原因行二次手术,65例(89膝)因非TKA术原因死亡。截至末次随访,平均随访≥20年的患者共29例(35膝),完成HSS评分、ROM测定及患者满意度评价者12例(16膝)。Kaplan-Meier曲线显示,10年、15年、20年、25年假体生存率分别为93.6%、92.4%、89.8%、71.8%。末次随访时HSS评分虽较术后随访10年时有所降低[(84.69±11.03)分比(95.25±13.32)分,P<0.05],但较术前显著改善[(84.69±11.03)分比(58.75±7.19)分,P<0.05]。术前、术后随访10年、末次随访时膝关节屈伸ROM分别为(93.44±17.30)°、(101.88±13.33)°、(91.56±15.98)°,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者满意度方面,10膝(62.50%)评分为4分(非常满意),余6膝(37.50%)均为3分(满意),满意度为100%。结论TKA治疗膝骨关节病远期假体生存率高,膝关节功能改善显著,患者满意度高。
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.202140270)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21Y11901900)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.22ZR1410900).
文摘Objective:To investigate whether continuous erector spinae plane block(ESPB)improves the quality of recovery(QoR)and decreases postoperative acute and chronic pain in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery.Methods:This was a single-center,double-blind,prospective,randomized,placebo-controlled trial.A total of 120 patients were randomized to groups at a 1:1 ratio.They received general anaesthesia and an ESP catheter(ropivacaine or normal saline)before surgery,and received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil and continuous ESPB with a pulse injection of 8 mL(ropivacaine or normal saline)per h after 20 mL of the experimental drug was administered at the end of surgery.The primary outcome was the 15-item quality of recovery scale(QoR-15)score at 24 h after surgery.The secondary outcomes included the severity of pain,sufentanil consumption,incidence of rescue analgesia,and proportion of patients with chronic pain.Results:The QoR-15 score was greater in the ESPB group than in the control group at 24 h after surgery[112(108–118)vs.109(101–114),P=0.023].ESPB was associated with a lower cough visual analogue scale(VAS)score(44 vs.47,P=0.001),resting VAS score(28 vs.35.5,P=0.003),sufentanil consumption(104.8µg vs.145.5µg,P=0.000),and incidence of rescue analgesia(20.0%vs.43.3%,P=0.006).Conclusion:Continuous ESPB mildly improved the QoR-15 score in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery and reduced postoperative pain scores,opioid consumption,and the incidence of rescue analgesia.
