Excessive levels of Fluoride(F−)and Cadmium(Cd)in drinking groundwater may pose health risks.This study assessed the health risks associated with F−and Cd contamination in rural drinking groundwater sources in Wutai C...Excessive levels of Fluoride(F−)and Cadmium(Cd)in drinking groundwater may pose health risks.This study assessed the health risks associated with F−and Cd contamination in rural drinking groundwater sources in Wutai County,Shanxi Province,China,to support population health protection,water resource management,and environmental decision-making.Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed,and a Human Health Risk Model(HHRA)was applied to evaluate groundwater quality.The results showed that both contents of F−and Cd in groundwater exceeded the Class III limits of China's national groundwater quality standard(GB/T 14848—2024).Fluoride levels met the Class V threshold,with enrichment area mainly located in the east part of the study area.Cadmium levels reached Class IV,with elevated concentrations primarily observed in the western and northwestern regions.Correlation analysis revealed that F−showed weak or no correlation with other measured substances,indicating independent sources.Health risk assessment results indicated that F−poses potential health risks to rural residents,while cadmium,due to its relatively low concentrations,does not currently present a significant health risk.Among different demographic groups,the health risk levels of F−exposure followed the order:Infants>children>adult females>adult males.The findings highlight that fluoride is the primary contributor to health risks associated with groundwater consumption in the study area.Strengthened monitoring and prevention of F−contamination are urgently needed.This research provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of fluoride pollution in groundwater and offers practical guidance for safeguarding drinking water safety in rural China.展开更多
The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells,is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis,post-translational modification,and folding and transport,as well as the regulation of ...The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells,is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis,post-translational modification,and folding and transport,as well as the regulation of lipid and steroid metabolism and Ca2+homeostasis.Hypoxia,nutrient deficiency,and a low pH tumor microenvironment lead to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER,thus activating ER stress(ERS)and the unfolded protein response,and resulting in either restoration of cellular homeostasis or cell death.ERS plays a crucial role in cancer oncogenesis,progression,and response to therapies.This article reviews current studies relating ERS to ovarian cancer,the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women globally,and discusses pharmacological agents and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.展开更多
In recent years, the clinical incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year, and its risk assessment and clinical management methods have also been accordingly modified and constantly improved. There ar...In recent years, the clinical incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year, and its risk assessment and clinical management methods have also been accordingly modified and constantly improved. There are great differences between the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic modes and disease management of thyroid cancer employed by various medical institutions in China, particularly with regard to the clinical application of serum marker of thyroid cancer. To this end, the China Anti-Cancer Association Thyroid Cancer Specialized Committee Chinese Association of Thyroid Oncology organized this compilation of ExpertConsensus on Clinical Application of Serum Marker of Thyroid Cancer to help and impel relevant clinical institutions and professionals to standardize clinical diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of thyroid cancer, and to properly utilize the serum marker for scientific auxiliary clinical diagnosis and assessment of thyroid cancer before and after operation.展开更多
Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(SfMNPV),belonging to the species Alphabaculovirus spofrugiperdae,has been recently registered as an insecticide in China.This virus has a specific effect on the glob...Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(SfMNPV),belonging to the species Alphabaculovirus spofrugiperdae,has been recently registered as an insecticide in China.This virus has a specific effect on the global major agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda.To gain insights into viral infection,replication processes,and the complex formation of viral particles,in vitro studies using cell lines are essential tools.Although the IPLB-Sf9 and IPLB-Sf21 cell lines derived from S.frugiperda are widely used for studies on the infection and replication mechanisms of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV),their capacity to produce viral polyhedra after SfMNPV infection is not optimal.To address this limitation,a novel cell line named IOZCAS-Sf-1 was developed from a S.frugiperda population in Yunnan,China.The mitochondrial COX1 gene analysis confirmed the species origin of the IOZCAS-Sf-1 cell line.Furthermore,a comparative study was carried out to contrast the COX1 gene sequence of this novel cell line with that of IPLB-Sf9,highlighting the distinctions between the two.Importantly,the IOZCAS-Sf-1 cells exhibited a remarkable ability to generate polyhedra when infected with AcMNPV and SfMNPV,respectively.Consequently,this cellular lineage is considered a promising and valuable resource.It serves not only to investigate the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and its impact on host cells,but also to explore the transfection efficiency of SfMNPV DNA.This exploration further expands into its potential application in recombinant DNA experiments,laying a theoretical groundwork for the advancement of more effective biopesticides and sustainable agricultural practices.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmias.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with post...Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmias.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmia included in the study were collected and they were divided into Groups A and B with 42 cases each using the randomization method.Group A was treated with oral glucosamine hydrochloride,while Group B was administered oral metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets.Combined indicators were used to evaluate the improvement of clinical indicators,therapeutic effects,and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups.Results:The baseline data of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant(Pall>0.05);after treatment,the QT dispersion,corrected QT dispersion,and heart rate of Group B were lower than that of Group A(Pall=0.000<0.001);the 2 total clinical effectiveness of Group B was 95.24%,which was significantly higher than 80.95%in Group A(χ=4.087,P=0.043<0.05);the total incidence of adverse reactions in Group B was 4.76%,which was significantly lower than 219.04%in Group A(χ=4.087,P=0.043<0.05).Conclusion:In the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmia,the use of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets can effectively correct the QT dispersion of patients,improve their heart rate,increase clinical effectiveness,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.展开更多
In the modern technological landscape,magnetic field sensors play a crucial role and are indispensable across a range of high-tech applications[1].In conjunction with magnets,magnetic field sensors can accurately dete...In the modern technological landscape,magnetic field sensors play a crucial role and are indispensable across a range of high-tech applications[1].In conjunction with magnets,magnetic field sensors can accurately detect any form of relative movement of objects without physical contact.For instance,in the precise control of robotic arms or machine tools,a permanent magnet is used as a reference.The magnetic sensor detects the relative movement of magnet by sensing changes in the magnetic field strength.These changes are converted into electrical signals,which are fed back to the control system,enabling accurate positioning and control of the device.This advanced detection technology not only greatly enhances measurement precision but also significantly extends the lifespan of equipment.Among various types of magnetic field sensors,magnetoresistive(MR)sensors stand out for their exceptional performance[1].The high sensitivity allows them to detect minimal changes of magnetic fields in high-precision measurements.Today,MR sensors are widely used across numerous fields,including automobile industries,information processing and storage,navigation systems,biomedical applications,etc[1,2].With their outstanding performance and wide-ranging applications,MR sensors are at the forefront of sensor technology.展开更多
All-solid-state rechargeable air batteries are designed and fabricated using 1,4-naphthoquinone as a negative electrode,proton-conductive polymer membrane as a solid electrolyte,and platinum-based oxygen diffusion as ...All-solid-state rechargeable air batteries are designed and fabricated using 1,4-naphthoquinone as a negative electrode,proton-conductive polymer membrane as a solid electrolyte,and platinum-based oxygen diffusion as a positive electrode as an emerging energy device.1,4-Naphthoquinone molecules exhibit reversible redox reactions peaked at 0.28 and 0.52 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode with the polymer electrolyte similar to that in an acid aqueous solution.The all-solid-state rechargeable air battery cell shows an open circuit voltage of 0.83 V,a nominal voltage of 0.3-0.4 V,a discharge capacity of 83.6 mAh g^(-1),and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.8%.The Coulombic efficiency after 15 charge-discharge cycles improves from 57.3%to 69.1%by replacing carbon black with graphite carbon as a support for the platinum catalyst in the positive electrode.Furthermore,replacing the commercial Nafion electrolyte membrane with the synthesized(in-house)polyphenylene-based ionomer(sulfonated polyphenylene-quinquephenylene)electrolyte membrane improves the cycle durability of the resulting allsolid-state rechargeable air battery with high Coulombic efficiency retention(>98%)after 135 cycles owing to the lower oxygen permeability of the latter membrane.Overall,the present all-solid-state rechargeable air battery using 1,4-naphthoquinone outperforms our previous all-solid-state rechargeable air battery using dihydroxybenzoquinene as a redox-active molecule.展开更多
石墨烯具有卓越的导电性和丰富的表面官能团,是突破锂金属电池关键瓶颈的前沿材料,但二维石墨烯存在范德华力堆叠、局部官能团过密等缺点,严重限制了其锂离子存储能力。为此,结合功能可设计的共价有机框架(COF)材料,设计了COF与三维石墨...石墨烯具有卓越的导电性和丰富的表面官能团,是突破锂金属电池关键瓶颈的前沿材料,但二维石墨烯存在范德华力堆叠、局部官能团过密等缺点,严重限制了其锂离子存储能力。为此,结合功能可设计的共价有机框架(COF)材料,设计了COF与三维石墨烯(G)相结合的分层级电极材料(COF@G),其富氮COF可诱导锂离子均匀沉积并抑制枝晶生长,而高导电性G特殊的蓄锂结构可提升对锂离子的存储能力。当G表面原位聚合10%(质量分数)的COF时,其组装的半电池在1.0 mA cm^(2)的电流密度下可稳定循环1200 h以上,其与LiFePO_(4)匹配的全电池在放电倍率为1.0 C条件下循环600次后仍能保持较高容量。展开更多
Direct electrolysis of seawater offers a transformative technology for sustainable hydrogen production,circumventing the constraint of freshwater scarcity.However,the serious electrode corrosion and competitive chlori...Direct electrolysis of seawater offers a transformative technology for sustainable hydrogen production,circumventing the constraint of freshwater scarcity.However,the serious electrode corrosion and competitive chloride oxidation reactions make oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in seawater extremely challenging.Herein,the low-cost and scalable CoFe layered double hydroxides with Cl^(-)intercalation and decorated with Ce(OH)_(3)(named as CoFe-Cl^(-)/Ce(OH)_(3))catalyst is synthesized via rapid electrodeposition under ambient conditions,which is quickly reconstructed into a CeO_(2)decorated and Cl^(-)intercalated CoFeOOH(CoFeOOH-Cl^(-)/CeO_(2))during OER.Theoretical investigation reveals that Cl^(-)intercalation weakens the adsorption ability of Cl^(-)on Co/Fe atoms and hinders unfavorable coupling with chloride,thereby preventing the chlorine corrosion process and enhancing catalytic stability and activity.The CeO_(2)with hard Lewis acidity preferentially binds to OH-with harder Lewis base to ensure the OH-rich microenvironment around catalyst even under high current operating conditions,thus further enhancing stability and improving OER activity.The functionalized CoFe-Cl^(-)/Ce(OH)_(3)delivers 1000 mA cm^(-2)current density at only 329 mV overpotential with excellent stability for 1000 h under alkaline seawater.Electrochemical experiments elucidate the OER catalytic mechanism in which CeO_(2)serves as a co-catalyst for enriching OH-and CoFeOOH-Cl^(-)is the active species.Our work is a substantial step towards achieving massive and sustainable production of hydrogen fuel from immense seawater.展开更多
Background:Therapy in the latent period is favorable for retarding the process of epileptogenesis.Recently,we have discovered that the activated sigma-1 receptor(Sig-1R)attenuates the hippocampus pathological injury a...Background:Therapy in the latent period is favorable for retarding the process of epileptogenesis.Recently,we have discovered that the activated sigma-1 receptor(Sig-1R)attenuates the hippocampus pathological injury and memory impairment in the latent period of epileptogenesis.But the molecular mechanism needs further investigation.Methods:PRE-084 was utilized as a research tool to highly selectively activate Sig-1R in epileptic mice.After the treatment of PRE-084,the pro-inflammatory cytokines,neuropathological traits,and the level of mitochondrial translocator assembly and maintenance 41 homolog(TAMM41)in the hippocampus were examined.The mode in which the Sig-1R interacts with TAMM41 was explored.The role of TAMM41 in the protecting effect of PRE-084 was established.Results:PRE-084 inhibited the growth of pro-inflammatory cytokines,reduced the formation of gliosis,alleviated neuronal damage in the hippocampus,and attenu-ated memory impairment in the latent period of epileptogenesis.The protein level of TAMM41 decreased in the hippocampi of epileptic mice and increased in the PRE-084-treated mice.The Sig-1R bound with TAMM41 directly,maintaining the stability of TAMM41.Knockdown of TAMM41 reversed the protective effect of PRE-084,and overexpression of TAMM41 exhibited a similar protective action to that of PRE-084.Conclusion:We presented the concept of the“sigma-1 receptor–TAMM41 axis”and proposed that augmenting this axis can attenuate neuroinflammation and memory impairment in the process of epileptogenesis.展开更多
基金supported by the Northeast Geological Science and Technology Innovation Center of China Geological Survey(Grant NO.QCJJ2022-43)the Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Project(Grant Nos.DD20230470,DD20230508)the National Groundwater Monitoring Network Operation and Maintenance Program(Grant No.DD20251300109).
文摘Excessive levels of Fluoride(F−)and Cadmium(Cd)in drinking groundwater may pose health risks.This study assessed the health risks associated with F−and Cd contamination in rural drinking groundwater sources in Wutai County,Shanxi Province,China,to support population health protection,water resource management,and environmental decision-making.Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed,and a Human Health Risk Model(HHRA)was applied to evaluate groundwater quality.The results showed that both contents of F−and Cd in groundwater exceeded the Class III limits of China's national groundwater quality standard(GB/T 14848—2024).Fluoride levels met the Class V threshold,with enrichment area mainly located in the east part of the study area.Cadmium levels reached Class IV,with elevated concentrations primarily observed in the western and northwestern regions.Correlation analysis revealed that F−showed weak or no correlation with other measured substances,indicating independent sources.Health risk assessment results indicated that F−poses potential health risks to rural residents,while cadmium,due to its relatively low concentrations,does not currently present a significant health risk.Among different demographic groups,the health risk levels of F−exposure followed the order:Infants>children>adult females>adult males.The findings highlight that fluoride is the primary contributor to health risks associated with groundwater consumption in the study area.Strengthened monitoring and prevention of F−contamination are urgently needed.This research provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of fluoride pollution in groundwater and offers practical guidance for safeguarding drinking water safety in rural China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.NSF-82072876 and NSF-82002618)。
文摘The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells,is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis,post-translational modification,and folding and transport,as well as the regulation of lipid and steroid metabolism and Ca2+homeostasis.Hypoxia,nutrient deficiency,and a low pH tumor microenvironment lead to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER,thus activating ER stress(ERS)and the unfolded protein response,and resulting in either restoration of cellular homeostasis or cell death.ERS plays a crucial role in cancer oncogenesis,progression,and response to therapies.This article reviews current studies relating ERS to ovarian cancer,the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women globally,and discusses pharmacological agents and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
文摘In recent years, the clinical incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year, and its risk assessment and clinical management methods have also been accordingly modified and constantly improved. There are great differences between the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic modes and disease management of thyroid cancer employed by various medical institutions in China, particularly with regard to the clinical application of serum marker of thyroid cancer. To this end, the China Anti-Cancer Association Thyroid Cancer Specialized Committee Chinese Association of Thyroid Oncology organized this compilation of ExpertConsensus on Clinical Application of Serum Marker of Thyroid Cancer to help and impel relevant clinical institutions and professionals to standardize clinical diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of thyroid cancer, and to properly utilize the serum marker for scientific auxiliary clinical diagnosis and assessment of thyroid cancer before and after operation.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant number 2022YFD1400700)Initiative Scientific Research Program,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant number 2023IOZ010).
文摘Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(SfMNPV),belonging to the species Alphabaculovirus spofrugiperdae,has been recently registered as an insecticide in China.This virus has a specific effect on the global major agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda.To gain insights into viral infection,replication processes,and the complex formation of viral particles,in vitro studies using cell lines are essential tools.Although the IPLB-Sf9 and IPLB-Sf21 cell lines derived from S.frugiperda are widely used for studies on the infection and replication mechanisms of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV),their capacity to produce viral polyhedra after SfMNPV infection is not optimal.To address this limitation,a novel cell line named IOZCAS-Sf-1 was developed from a S.frugiperda population in Yunnan,China.The mitochondrial COX1 gene analysis confirmed the species origin of the IOZCAS-Sf-1 cell line.Furthermore,a comparative study was carried out to contrast the COX1 gene sequence of this novel cell line with that of IPLB-Sf9,highlighting the distinctions between the two.Importantly,the IOZCAS-Sf-1 cells exhibited a remarkable ability to generate polyhedra when infected with AcMNPV and SfMNPV,respectively.Consequently,this cellular lineage is considered a promising and valuable resource.It serves not only to investigate the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and its impact on host cells,but also to explore the transfection efficiency of SfMNPV DNA.This exploration further expands into its potential application in recombinant DNA experiments,laying a theoretical groundwork for the advancement of more effective biopesticides and sustainable agricultural practices.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets in the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmias.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmia included in the study were collected and they were divided into Groups A and B with 42 cases each using the randomization method.Group A was treated with oral glucosamine hydrochloride,while Group B was administered oral metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets.Combined indicators were used to evaluate the improvement of clinical indicators,therapeutic effects,and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups.Results:The baseline data of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant(Pall>0.05);after treatment,the QT dispersion,corrected QT dispersion,and heart rate of Group B were lower than that of Group A(Pall=0.000<0.001);the 2 total clinical effectiveness of Group B was 95.24%,which was significantly higher than 80.95%in Group A(χ=4.087,P=0.043<0.05);the total incidence of adverse reactions in Group B was 4.76%,which was significantly lower than 219.04%in Group A(χ=4.087,P=0.043<0.05).Conclusion:In the treatment of post-myocardial infarction ventricular arrhythmia,the use of metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets can effectively correct the QT dispersion of patients,improve their heart rate,increase clinical effectiveness,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
文摘In the modern technological landscape,magnetic field sensors play a crucial role and are indispensable across a range of high-tech applications[1].In conjunction with magnets,magnetic field sensors can accurately detect any form of relative movement of objects without physical contact.For instance,in the precise control of robotic arms or machine tools,a permanent magnet is used as a reference.The magnetic sensor detects the relative movement of magnet by sensing changes in the magnetic field strength.These changes are converted into electrical signals,which are fed back to the control system,enabling accurate positioning and control of the device.This advanced detection technology not only greatly enhances measurement precision but also significantly extends the lifespan of equipment.Among various types of magnetic field sensors,magnetoresistive(MR)sensors stand out for their exceptional performance[1].The high sensitivity allows them to detect minimal changes of magnetic fields in high-precision measurements.Today,MR sensors are widely used across numerous fields,including automobile industries,information processing and storage,navigation systems,biomedical applications,etc[1,2].With their outstanding performance and wide-ranging applications,MR sensors are at the forefront of sensor technology.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT),Japan,through Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(23H02058)MEXT Program:Data Creation and Utilization Type Material Research and Development Project(JPMXP1122712807)+1 种基金Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)(GteX JPMJGX23H2)JKA promotion funds from AUTORACE.
文摘All-solid-state rechargeable air batteries are designed and fabricated using 1,4-naphthoquinone as a negative electrode,proton-conductive polymer membrane as a solid electrolyte,and platinum-based oxygen diffusion as a positive electrode as an emerging energy device.1,4-Naphthoquinone molecules exhibit reversible redox reactions peaked at 0.28 and 0.52 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode with the polymer electrolyte similar to that in an acid aqueous solution.The all-solid-state rechargeable air battery cell shows an open circuit voltage of 0.83 V,a nominal voltage of 0.3-0.4 V,a discharge capacity of 83.6 mAh g^(-1),and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.8%.The Coulombic efficiency after 15 charge-discharge cycles improves from 57.3%to 69.1%by replacing carbon black with graphite carbon as a support for the platinum catalyst in the positive electrode.Furthermore,replacing the commercial Nafion electrolyte membrane with the synthesized(in-house)polyphenylene-based ionomer(sulfonated polyphenylene-quinquephenylene)electrolyte membrane improves the cycle durability of the resulting allsolid-state rechargeable air battery with high Coulombic efficiency retention(>98%)after 135 cycles owing to the lower oxygen permeability of the latter membrane.Overall,the present all-solid-state rechargeable air battery using 1,4-naphthoquinone outperforms our previous all-solid-state rechargeable air battery using dihydroxybenzoquinene as a redox-active molecule.
文摘石墨烯具有卓越的导电性和丰富的表面官能团,是突破锂金属电池关键瓶颈的前沿材料,但二维石墨烯存在范德华力堆叠、局部官能团过密等缺点,严重限制了其锂离子存储能力。为此,结合功能可设计的共价有机框架(COF)材料,设计了COF与三维石墨烯(G)相结合的分层级电极材料(COF@G),其富氮COF可诱导锂离子均匀沉积并抑制枝晶生长,而高导电性G特殊的蓄锂结构可提升对锂离子的存储能力。当G表面原位聚合10%(质量分数)的COF时,其组装的半电池在1.0 mA cm^(2)的电流密度下可稳定循环1200 h以上,其与LiFePO_(4)匹配的全电池在放电倍率为1.0 C条件下循环600次后仍能保持较高容量。
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372173,52072034)。
文摘Direct electrolysis of seawater offers a transformative technology for sustainable hydrogen production,circumventing the constraint of freshwater scarcity.However,the serious electrode corrosion and competitive chloride oxidation reactions make oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in seawater extremely challenging.Herein,the low-cost and scalable CoFe layered double hydroxides with Cl^(-)intercalation and decorated with Ce(OH)_(3)(named as CoFe-Cl^(-)/Ce(OH)_(3))catalyst is synthesized via rapid electrodeposition under ambient conditions,which is quickly reconstructed into a CeO_(2)decorated and Cl^(-)intercalated CoFeOOH(CoFeOOH-Cl^(-)/CeO_(2))during OER.Theoretical investigation reveals that Cl^(-)intercalation weakens the adsorption ability of Cl^(-)on Co/Fe atoms and hinders unfavorable coupling with chloride,thereby preventing the chlorine corrosion process and enhancing catalytic stability and activity.The CeO_(2)with hard Lewis acidity preferentially binds to OH-with harder Lewis base to ensure the OH-rich microenvironment around catalyst even under high current operating conditions,thus further enhancing stability and improving OER activity.The functionalized CoFe-Cl^(-)/Ce(OH)_(3)delivers 1000 mA cm^(-2)current density at only 329 mV overpotential with excellent stability for 1000 h under alkaline seawater.Electrochemical experiments elucidate the OER catalytic mechanism in which CeO_(2)serves as a co-catalyst for enriching OH-and CoFeOOH-Cl^(-)is the active species.Our work is a substantial step towards achieving massive and sustainable production of hydrogen fuel from immense seawater.
基金This project was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81872847 and 82173803)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xuzhou(Grant No.KC22256)the Science and Technology Developing Fund of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University(Grant No.2021ZA14)。
文摘Background:Therapy in the latent period is favorable for retarding the process of epileptogenesis.Recently,we have discovered that the activated sigma-1 receptor(Sig-1R)attenuates the hippocampus pathological injury and memory impairment in the latent period of epileptogenesis.But the molecular mechanism needs further investigation.Methods:PRE-084 was utilized as a research tool to highly selectively activate Sig-1R in epileptic mice.After the treatment of PRE-084,the pro-inflammatory cytokines,neuropathological traits,and the level of mitochondrial translocator assembly and maintenance 41 homolog(TAMM41)in the hippocampus were examined.The mode in which the Sig-1R interacts with TAMM41 was explored.The role of TAMM41 in the protecting effect of PRE-084 was established.Results:PRE-084 inhibited the growth of pro-inflammatory cytokines,reduced the formation of gliosis,alleviated neuronal damage in the hippocampus,and attenu-ated memory impairment in the latent period of epileptogenesis.The protein level of TAMM41 decreased in the hippocampi of epileptic mice and increased in the PRE-084-treated mice.The Sig-1R bound with TAMM41 directly,maintaining the stability of TAMM41.Knockdown of TAMM41 reversed the protective effect of PRE-084,and overexpression of TAMM41 exhibited a similar protective action to that of PRE-084.Conclusion:We presented the concept of the“sigma-1 receptor–TAMM41 axis”and proposed that augmenting this axis can attenuate neuroinflammation and memory impairment in the process of epileptogenesis.
