Objective:To characterize the tumor-suppressive role of LINC00936 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)through mechanistic exploration of its regulatory pathways.Methods:Bioinformatics interrogation of TCGA/NSCLC cohor...Objective:To characterize the tumor-suppressive role of LINC00936 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)through mechanistic exploration of its regulatory pathways.Methods:Bioinformatics interrogation of TCGA/NSCLC cohorts assessed LINC00936 expression,clinical correlations,and immune contexture.Functional enrichment analyses predicted pathway associations.In H1299 cells,LINC00936 overexpression(plasmid)and knockdown(siRNA)models were validated by RT-qPCR.Transcriptomic profiling identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs)subjected to KEGG pathway analysis.Results:LINC00936 was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues(TCGA,P<0.05)and cell lines(vs.16-HBE,P<0.05),correlating with poor prognosis and altered tumor-infiltrating immune subsets.DEG enrichment implicated Ras/MAPK signaling as the dominant pathway(FDR<0.05).Successful LINC00936 modulation(overexpression/knockdown,P<0.05)confirmed its regulatory capacity.Conclusion:LINC00936 acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC via Ras/MAPK pathway modulation,proposing its therapeutic candidacy for precision oncology strategies.展开更多
Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and int...Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and integrated into a 10 t·d^(–1)coal pyrolysis facility.The testing results showed that around 97.56%dust collection efficiency was achieved.As a result,dust content in tar was significantly lowered.The pressure drop of the granular bed maintained in the range of 356 Pa to 489 Pa.The dust size in the effluent after filtration exhibited a bimodal distribution,which was attributed to the heterogeneity of the dust components.The effects of filtration bed on pyrolytic product yields were also discussed.A modified filtration model based on the macroscopic phenomenological theory was proposed to describe the performance of the granular bed.The computation results were well agreed with the experimental data.展开更多
Clinical experiments have proven that the pedunculopontine nucleus(PPN)plays a crucial role in the modulation of beta oscillations in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Here,we propose a new computational framework by introduci...Clinical experiments have proven that the pedunculopontine nucleus(PPN)plays a crucial role in the modulation of beta oscillations in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Here,we propose a new computational framework by introducing the PPN and related synaptic connections to the classic basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical model.Fascinatingly,the improved model can not only simulate the basic saturated and beta activities mentioned in previous studies but also produce the normal alpha rhythm that is much closer to physiological phenomena.Specifically,the results show that Parkinsonian oscillation activities can be controlled and modulated by the connection strength between the PPN and the globus pallidus internal nucleus(GPi)and the subthalamic nucleus(STN),supporting the fact that PPN is overinhibited in PD.Meanwhile,the internal mechanism underlying these state transitions is further explained from the perspective of dynamics.Additionally,both deep brain stimulation(DBS)and optogenetic technology are considered effective in terms of abnormal oscillations.Especially when a low-frequency DBS is added to the PPN,beta oscillations can be suppressed,but it is excited again as the DBS’s frequency gradually increases to a larger value.These results coincide with the experimental results that low-frequency stimulation of the PPN is effective,and verify the rationality of the model.Furthermore,we show that optogenetic stimulation of the globus pallidus external(GPe)expressing excitatory channelrhodopsin(ChR2)can effectively inhibit beta oscillations,whereas exciting the STN and PPN has a limited effect.These results are consistent with experimental reports suggesting that the symptoms of PD’s movement disorder can be alleviated under the GPe-ChR2,but not STN-ChR2,situation.Although the functional role of the PPN and the feasibility of optogenetic stimulation remain to be clinically explored,the results obtained help us understand the mechanisms of beta oscillations in PD.展开更多
CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voir...CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND The triglyceride glucose-body mass index(TyG-BMI)is a novel indicator of insulin resistance(IR).Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent complete or partial collapse of...BACKGROUND The triglyceride glucose-body mass index(TyG-BMI)is a novel indicator of insulin resistance(IR).Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent complete or partial collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep;however,the relationship between these two conditions remains unexplored.We hypothesized that a higher TyG-BMI is associated with the occurrence of OSA.AIM To assess the association between TyG-BMI and OSA in adults in the United States.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys spanning from 2005-2008 to 2015-2018.TyGBMI was calculated as Ln[triglyceride(mg/dL)×fasting blood glucose(mg/dL)/2]×BMI.Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the risk of TyG-BMI and OSA occurrence.To identify potential nonlinear relationships,we combined Cox proportional hazard regression with smooth curve fitting.We also conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses to verify the robustness of our findings.RESULTS We included 16794 participants in the final analysis.Multivariate regression analysis showed that participants with a higher TyG-BMI had a higher OSA incidence.After adjusting for all covariates,TyG-BMI was positively correlated with the prevalence of OSA(odds ratio:1.28;95%confidence interval:1.17,1.40;P<0.001);no significant nonlinear relationship was observed.Subgroup analysis showed no strong correlation between TyG-BMI and OSA in patients with diabetes.The correlation between TyG-BMI and OSA was influenced by age,sex,smoking status,marital status,hypertensive stratification,and obesity;these subgroups played a moderating role between TyGBMI and OSA.Even after adjusting for all covariates,there was a positive association between TYG-BMI and OSA prevalence.CONCLUSION A higher TyG-BMI index is linked to higher chances of developing OSA.As TyG-BMI is an indicator of IR,managing IR may help reduce the risk of OSA.展开更多
Some studies have indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated following spinal cord injury, and expression levels of specific proteins, including low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6...Some studies have indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated following spinal cord injury, and expression levels of specific proteins, including low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 phosphorylation, β-catenin, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β, are significantly altered. We hypothesized that methylprednisolone treatment contributes to functional recovery after spinal cord injury by inhibiting apoptosis and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In the current study, 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone was injected into rats with spinal cord injury immediately post-injury and at 1 and 2 days post-injury. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores showed that methylprednisolone treatment significantly promoted locomotor functional recovery between 2 and 6 weeks post-injury. The number of surviving motor neurons increased, whereas the lesion size significantly decreased following methylprednisolone treatment at 7 days post-injury. Additionally, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels and the number of apoptotic cells were reduced at 3 and 7 days post-injury, while Bcl-2 levels at 7 days post-injury were higher in methylprednisolone-treated rats compared with saline-treated rats. At 3 and 7 days post-injury, methylprednisolone up-regulated expression and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, including low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 phosphorylation, β-catenin, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation. These results indicate that methylprednisolone-induced neuroprotection may correlate with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.展开更多
Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formati...Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formation remains incompletely understood.Here,the RH dependence of SOA formation in the presence of NOx was explored by a series of chamber experiments for toluene(TOL)and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(TMB)photooxidation.The yield of TOL SOA and TMB SOA increased by 221%and 52%with increasing RH from~8%to~70%,respectively.Analytical results from a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that SOA constituents with high oxygen content(O/C>0.6)were more abundant in SOA formed in the~70%RH experiment.The elevated yields and O/C of SOA could be attributed to the promoted formation and particle-phase diffusivity of highly oxidized molecules.In addition,in comparison with TMB,TOL could produce more unsaturated aldehydes,which are oxidized into carboxylic acids with high O/C,leading to a more sensitive response of TOL SOA formation to the change in RH.Our work provides mechanistic insights into RH roles in aromatic SOA formation and is helpful for a better understanding of humid-haze events.展开更多
With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indi...With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.展开更多
Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have received great attention in assisting water flooding and surfactant flooding to improve oil recovery because they can reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and wa...Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have received great attention in assisting water flooding and surfactant flooding to improve oil recovery because they can reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water, inhibit surfactant adsorption, and change the wettability of rock. However, the effects of DES on the wettability of rock surface have not been thoroughly investigated in the reported studies. In this study, the effects of various DES samples on the wettability of sandstone samples are investigated using the Amott wettability measurement method. Three DES samples and several DES solutions and DES-surfactant solutions are firstly synthesized. Then, the wettability of the sandstone samples is measured using pure saline water, DES solutions, and DES-surfactant solutions, respectively. The effects of the DES samples on the wettability of the sandstone samples are investigated by comparing the measured wettability parameters, including oil displacement ratio (I_(o)), water displacement ratio (I_(w)), and wettability index (I_(A)). The Berea rock sample used in this study is weakly hydrophilic with I_(o), I_(w), and I_(A) of 0.318, 0.032, and 0.286, respectively. Being processed by the prepared DES samples, the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples is altered to hydrophilic (0.7 > I_(A) > 0.3) by increasing I_(w) but lowering Io. Similarly, DES-surfactant solutions can also modify the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples from weakly hydrophilic to hydrophilic. However, some DES-surfactant solutions can not only increase I_(w) but also increase I_(o), suggesting that the lipophilicity of those sandstone samples will be improved by the DES-surfactant solutions. In addition, micromodel flooding tests confirm the promising performance of a DES-surfactant solution in improving oil recovery and altering wettability. Moreover, the possible mechanisms of DES and DES-surfactant solutions in altering the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples are proposed. DES samples may improve the hydrophilicity by forming hydrogen bonds between rock surface and water molecules. For DES-surfactant solutions, surfactant micelles can capture oil molecules to improve the lipophilicity of those sandstone samples.展开更多
The Mini-SiTian project,which is a pathfinder for the SiTian project,utilizes three 30 cm telescopes equipped with commercial CMOS cameras(ZWO ASI6200MM Pro)to simulate a large-area time-domain survey.Due to the avoid...The Mini-SiTian project,which is a pathfinder for the SiTian project,utilizes three 30 cm telescopes equipped with commercial CMOS cameras(ZWO ASI6200MM Pro)to simulate a large-area time-domain survey.Due to the avoidance of the traditional mechanical shutter,the CMOS camera is favorable in time-domain survey projects.In the future,the SiTian telescope array will employ a two-by-two scientific-grade mosaic CMOS camera to survey a10,000 degree square area every 30 minutes.Therefore,the performance of CMOS directly determines the detection capability of SiTian telescopes for transient sources,and a comprehensive understanding of the performance of CMOS cameras is crucial.In this research,laboratory testing was conducted to thoroughly evaluate three cameras by assessing several critical parameters,including bias stability,dark current,pixel anomalies,linearity,gain,and read noise.We find exceptional short-term bias stability with standard deviations below 0.02 ADU,negligible dark current of approximately 0.002 e-pixel^(-1)s^(-1)at 0℃,and excellent linearity with nonlinearity consistently below±0.5%,and a small proportion(0.06%-0.08%)of pixels with anomalous responses.Furthermore,our analysis demonstrates uniform gain values across all cameras,ranging from 0.252 to 0.255 e-ADU^(-1),with low readout noise,measured to be below 1.6 e-using conventional methods.We also propose a novel method for pixel-level gain and read noise calculation for CMOS sensors,which revealed a narrow gain distribution and a low median read noise of 1.028 e-for one of the cameras.The laboratory testing of the ZWO ASI6200MM Pro cameras indicates their potential to meet the requirements of time-domain surveys for the Mini-SiTian project.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mesenteric lymphangioma(ML) in adults is a very rare disease. We report six hospitalized adult patients with ML in our hospital between January 2013 and July 2018 to investigate the characteristics and prog...BACKGROUND Mesenteric lymphangioma(ML) in adults is a very rare disease. We report six hospitalized adult patients with ML in our hospital between January 2013 and July 2018 to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of ML in adults.CASE SUMMARY The male-to-female ratio was 3:3, and the median age at diagnosis was 55.2 years. Clinical manifestations varied; however, most were acute cases(5/6). No history of trauma was reported. None(0/6) of the patients were accurately diagnosed with ML in the emergency and outpatient departments. Mesenteric cysts were identified in four patients(66.7%) by abdominal ultrasound and in five patients(83.3%) by computed tomography. ML was postoperatively confirmed by pathology. Most MLs(4/6) were associated with infection of other systems. ML was located in the mesentery of the small intestine(n = 4), ileum(n = 1) and rectum(n = 1). Cyst fluid was clear(n = 4), chylous(n = 1) and bloody(n = 1). Surgical procedures included complete tumor removal and partial intestinal excision(n = 6). Recurrence and adhesive intestinal obstruction were not observed during the 3-12 mo follow-up period.CONCLUSION ML in adults is a rare benign acquired disease that can be cured by surgical treatment. Infection may be a cause of ML.展开更多
Insulin resistance(IR) has been considered to be an important causative factor of metabolic syndrome(Met S). The present study investigated whether pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs) could prevent the development of M...Insulin resistance(IR) has been considered to be an important causative factor of metabolic syndrome(Met S). The present study investigated whether pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs) could prevent the development of Met S by improving IR in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were fed high fat diet(HFD) to induce Met S and supplemented with different dosages of PPPs for 12 weeks. The results showed that HFD-induced insulin resistant rats had disordered metabolism of blood glucose, blood lipid, and terrible muscle fiber morphology when compared with normal diet-fed rats, but PPPs treatment at a dosage of 300 mg/kg·day significantly reversed these negative effects. Moreover, in skeletal muscle tissue of insulin resistant rats, PPPs treatments significantly increased the protein expressions of insulin receptor(Ins R) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1), stimulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT/PKB) signaling pathway, and aggrandized the protein levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4). Our results suggest that PPPs possess of the beneficial effects on alleviating IR by enhancing insulin sensitivity and regulating glucose metabolism.展开更多
This paper presents an experimental study on the Non-Synchronous Vibration(NSV)in a six-stage transonic compressor.The first part of the paper describes the NSV phenomenon of Rotor 1,which occurs when both Stator 1(S1...This paper presents an experimental study on the Non-Synchronous Vibration(NSV)in a six-stage transonic compressor.The first part of the paper describes the NSV phenomenon of Rotor 1,which occurs when both Stator 1(S1)and Stator 2(S2)or S1 only are closed.Detailed measurements and analysis are carried out for the former case through the unsteady wall pressure and the Blade Strain(BS).The spinning mode theory used in the rotor/stator interaction noise is employed to explain the relation between the circumferential wave number of the aerodynamic disturbance and the Nodal Diameter(ND)of the blade vibration.The variations of the vibration amplitudes of different blades and the Inter-Blade Phase Angles(IBPAs)at different moments suggest that the evolution of NSV is a highly nonuniform phenomenon along the circumferential direction.In addition,the difference between the wall-pressure spectra generated by the NSV and the classic flutter has been discussed.In the second part,the variations of aerodynamic loading due to the adjustment of the staggers of the Inlet Guide Vane(IGV),S1 and S2 have been investigated.It is found that closing S1 only can result in a great fluctuation to the performance of the front stages,which might be detrimental to the flow organization and increase the risk of NSV.In contrast,the effect of closing S2 only on the performance of the first two stages appears to be slighter relatively.展开更多
The Contra-Rotating Open Rotor(CROR)design confronts significant noise challenges despite being one of the possible options for future green aeroengines.To efficiently estimate the noise emitted from a CROR,a three-di...The Contra-Rotating Open Rotor(CROR)design confronts significant noise challenges despite being one of the possible options for future green aeroengines.To efficiently estimate the noise emitted from a CROR,a three-dimensional unsteady prediction model based on the meshless method is presented.The unsteady wake flow and the aerodynamic load fluctuations on the blade are solved through the viscous vortex particle method,the blade element momentum theory and vortex lattice method.Then,the acoustic field is obtained through the Farassat’s formulation 1A.Validation of this method is conducted on a CROR,and a mesh-based method,e.g.,Nonlinear Harmonic(NLH)method,is also employed for comparison.It is found that the presented method is three times faster than NLH method while maintaining a comparable precision.A thorough parametric analysis is also carried out to illustrate the effects of rotational speed,rotor-rotor spacing and rear rotor diameter on the noise level.The rotor speed is found to be the most influencing factor,and by optimizing the speed difference between the front and rear rotors,a notable noise reduction can be expected.The current findings not only contribute to a deeper comprehension of the CROR’s aeroacoustic properties but also offer an effective tool for engineering applications.展开更多
Precise classification of Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)point cloud is a fundamental process in various applications,such as land cover mapping,forestry management,and autonomous driving.Due to the lack of spectra...Precise classification of Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)point cloud is a fundamental process in various applications,such as land cover mapping,forestry management,and autonomous driving.Due to the lack of spectral information,the existing research on single wavelength LiDAR classification is limited.Spectral information from images could address this limitation,but data fusion suffers from varying illumination conditions and the registration problem.A novel multispectral LiDAR successfully obtains spatial and spectral information as a brand-new data type,namely,multispectral point cloud,thereby improving classification performance.However,spatial and spectral information of multispectral LiDAR has been processed separately in previous studies,thereby possibly limiting the classification performance of multispectral LiDAR.To explore the potential of this new data type,the current spatial-spectral classification framework for multispectral LiDAR that includes four steps:(1)neighborhood selection,(2)feature extraction and selection,(3)classification,and(4)label smoothing.Three novel highlights were proposed in this spatial-spectral classification framework.(1)We improved the popular eigen entropy-based neighborhood selection by spectral angle match to extract a more precise neighborhood.(2)We evaluated the importance of geometric and spectral features to compare their contributions and selected the most important features to reduce feature redundancy.(3)We conducted spatial label smoothing by a conditional random field,accounting for the spatial and spectral information of the neighborhood points.The proposed method demonstrated by a multispectral LiDAR with three channels:466 nm(blue),527 nm(green),and 628 nm(red).Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed spatial-spectral classification framework.Moreover,this research takes advantages of the complementation of spatial and spectral information,which could benefit more precise neighborhood selection,more effective features,and satisfactory refinement of classification result.Finally,this study could serve as an inspiration for future efficient spatial-spectral process for multispectral point cloud.展开更多
Many ＂rich - connected＂ topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize t...Many ＂rich - connected＂ topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize the high network capacity by appropriate multi- path routing algorithms. As flow-level path splitting may lead to trafl＇ic imbalance between paths due to flow- size difference, packet-level path splitting attracts more attention lately, which spreads packets from flows into multiple available paths and significantly improves link utilizations. However, it may cause packet reordering, confusing the TCP congestion control algorithm and lowering the throughput of flows. In this paper, we design a novel packetlevel multi-path routing scheme called SOPA, which leverag- es OpenFlow to perform packet-level path splitting in a round- robin fashion, and hence significantly mitigates the packet reordering problem and improves the network throughput. Moreover, SOPA leverages the topological feature of data center networks to encode a very small number of switches along the path into the packet header, resulting in very light overhead. Compared with random packet spraying （RPS）, Hedera and equal-cost multi-path routing （ECMP）, our simulations demonstrate that SOPA achieves 29.87%, 50.41% and 77.74% higher network throughput respectively under permutation workload, and reduces average data transfer completion time by 53.65%, 343.31% and 348.25% respectively under production workload.展开更多
文摘Objective:To characterize the tumor-suppressive role of LINC00936 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)through mechanistic exploration of its regulatory pathways.Methods:Bioinformatics interrogation of TCGA/NSCLC cohorts assessed LINC00936 expression,clinical correlations,and immune contexture.Functional enrichment analyses predicted pathway associations.In H1299 cells,LINC00936 overexpression(plasmid)and knockdown(siRNA)models were validated by RT-qPCR.Transcriptomic profiling identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs)subjected to KEGG pathway analysis.Results:LINC00936 was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues(TCGA,P<0.05)and cell lines(vs.16-HBE,P<0.05),correlating with poor prognosis and altered tumor-infiltrating immune subsets.DEG enrichment implicated Ras/MAPK signaling as the dominant pathway(FDR<0.05).Successful LINC00936 modulation(overexpression/knockdown,P<0.05)confirmed its regulatory capacity.Conclusion:LINC00936 acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC via Ras/MAPK pathway modulation,proposing its therapeutic candidacy for precision oncology strategies.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0605003).
文摘Dust removal from pyrolytic vapors at high temperatures is an obstacle to the industrialization of the coal pyrolysis process.In this work,a granular bed with expanded perlites as filtration media was designed and integrated into a 10 t·d^(–1)coal pyrolysis facility.The testing results showed that around 97.56%dust collection efficiency was achieved.As a result,dust content in tar was significantly lowered.The pressure drop of the granular bed maintained in the range of 356 Pa to 489 Pa.The dust size in the effluent after filtration exhibited a bimodal distribution,which was attributed to the heterogeneity of the dust components.The effects of filtration bed on pyrolytic product yields were also discussed.A modified filtration model based on the macroscopic phenomenological theory was proposed to describe the performance of the granular bed.The computation results were well agreed with the experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12072265 and 12372064).
文摘Clinical experiments have proven that the pedunculopontine nucleus(PPN)plays a crucial role in the modulation of beta oscillations in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Here,we propose a new computational framework by introducing the PPN and related synaptic connections to the classic basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical model.Fascinatingly,the improved model can not only simulate the basic saturated and beta activities mentioned in previous studies but also produce the normal alpha rhythm that is much closer to physiological phenomena.Specifically,the results show that Parkinsonian oscillation activities can be controlled and modulated by the connection strength between the PPN and the globus pallidus internal nucleus(GPi)and the subthalamic nucleus(STN),supporting the fact that PPN is overinhibited in PD.Meanwhile,the internal mechanism underlying these state transitions is further explained from the perspective of dynamics.Additionally,both deep brain stimulation(DBS)and optogenetic technology are considered effective in terms of abnormal oscillations.Especially when a low-frequency DBS is added to the PPN,beta oscillations can be suppressed,but it is excited again as the DBS’s frequency gradually increases to a larger value.These results coincide with the experimental results that low-frequency stimulation of the PPN is effective,and verify the rationality of the model.Furthermore,we show that optogenetic stimulation of the globus pallidus external(GPe)expressing excitatory channelrhodopsin(ChR2)can effectively inhibit beta oscillations,whereas exciting the STN and PPN has a limited effect.These results are consistent with experimental reports suggesting that the symptoms of PD’s movement disorder can be alleviated under the GPe-ChR2,but not STN-ChR2,situation.Although the functional role of the PPN and the feasibility of optogenetic stimulation remain to be clinically explored,the results obtained help us understand the mechanisms of beta oscillations in PD.
基金Lin Du acknowledges the financial support provided by China Scholarship Council(CSC)via a Ph.D.Scholarship(202008510128)supported by Core Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)"Research on Thermal Miscible Flooding Technology"(2023ZG18)。
文摘CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.
基金Supported by Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZZYSM202202010。
文摘BACKGROUND The triglyceride glucose-body mass index(TyG-BMI)is a novel indicator of insulin resistance(IR).Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent complete or partial collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep;however,the relationship between these two conditions remains unexplored.We hypothesized that a higher TyG-BMI is associated with the occurrence of OSA.AIM To assess the association between TyG-BMI and OSA in adults in the United States.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys spanning from 2005-2008 to 2015-2018.TyGBMI was calculated as Ln[triglyceride(mg/dL)×fasting blood glucose(mg/dL)/2]×BMI.Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the risk of TyG-BMI and OSA occurrence.To identify potential nonlinear relationships,we combined Cox proportional hazard regression with smooth curve fitting.We also conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses to verify the robustness of our findings.RESULTS We included 16794 participants in the final analysis.Multivariate regression analysis showed that participants with a higher TyG-BMI had a higher OSA incidence.After adjusting for all covariates,TyG-BMI was positively correlated with the prevalence of OSA(odds ratio:1.28;95%confidence interval:1.17,1.40;P<0.001);no significant nonlinear relationship was observed.Subgroup analysis showed no strong correlation between TyG-BMI and OSA in patients with diabetes.The correlation between TyG-BMI and OSA was influenced by age,sex,smoking status,marital status,hypertensive stratification,and obesity;these subgroups played a moderating role between TyGBMI and OSA.Even after adjusting for all covariates,there was a positive association between TYG-BMI and OSA prevalence.CONCLUSION A higher TyG-BMI index is linked to higher chances of developing OSA.As TyG-BMI is an indicator of IR,managing IR may help reduce the risk of OSA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471854
文摘Some studies have indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated following spinal cord injury, and expression levels of specific proteins, including low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 phosphorylation, β-catenin, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β, are significantly altered. We hypothesized that methylprednisolone treatment contributes to functional recovery after spinal cord injury by inhibiting apoptosis and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In the current study, 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone was injected into rats with spinal cord injury immediately post-injury and at 1 and 2 days post-injury. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores showed that methylprednisolone treatment significantly promoted locomotor functional recovery between 2 and 6 weeks post-injury. The number of surviving motor neurons increased, whereas the lesion size significantly decreased following methylprednisolone treatment at 7 days post-injury. Additionally, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels and the number of apoptotic cells were reduced at 3 and 7 days post-injury, while Bcl-2 levels at 7 days post-injury were higher in methylprednisolone-treated rats compared with saline-treated rats. At 3 and 7 days post-injury, methylprednisolone up-regulated expression and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, including low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-6 phosphorylation, β-catenin, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation. These results indicate that methylprednisolone-induced neuroprotection may correlate with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFC3706203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91644214, 22361162668, and 22406109)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2024M751797)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation (SDCX-ZG-202400178)
文摘Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formation remains incompletely understood.Here,the RH dependence of SOA formation in the presence of NOx was explored by a series of chamber experiments for toluene(TOL)and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(TMB)photooxidation.The yield of TOL SOA and TMB SOA increased by 221%and 52%with increasing RH from~8%to~70%,respectively.Analytical results from a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that SOA constituents with high oxygen content(O/C>0.6)were more abundant in SOA formed in the~70%RH experiment.The elevated yields and O/C of SOA could be attributed to the promoted formation and particle-phase diffusivity of highly oxidized molecules.In addition,in comparison with TMB,TOL could produce more unsaturated aldehydes,which are oxidized into carboxylic acids with high O/C,leading to a more sensitive response of TOL SOA formation to the change in RH.Our work provides mechanistic insights into RH roles in aromatic SOA formation and is helpful for a better understanding of humid-haze events.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3701000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42130606 and 41931287)+1 种基金the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS-CXXM-202011)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y2021013).
文摘With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.
基金supported by the Scientific Research and Technology Development Projects of PetroChina(2023ZZ22-02)the Local Efficient Reform and Development Funds for Personnel Training Projectsthe China Scholarship Council(CSC)via a Ph.D.Scholarship(No.202008510128).
文摘Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have received great attention in assisting water flooding and surfactant flooding to improve oil recovery because they can reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water, inhibit surfactant adsorption, and change the wettability of rock. However, the effects of DES on the wettability of rock surface have not been thoroughly investigated in the reported studies. In this study, the effects of various DES samples on the wettability of sandstone samples are investigated using the Amott wettability measurement method. Three DES samples and several DES solutions and DES-surfactant solutions are firstly synthesized. Then, the wettability of the sandstone samples is measured using pure saline water, DES solutions, and DES-surfactant solutions, respectively. The effects of the DES samples on the wettability of the sandstone samples are investigated by comparing the measured wettability parameters, including oil displacement ratio (I_(o)), water displacement ratio (I_(w)), and wettability index (I_(A)). The Berea rock sample used in this study is weakly hydrophilic with I_(o), I_(w), and I_(A) of 0.318, 0.032, and 0.286, respectively. Being processed by the prepared DES samples, the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples is altered to hydrophilic (0.7 > I_(A) > 0.3) by increasing I_(w) but lowering Io. Similarly, DES-surfactant solutions can also modify the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples from weakly hydrophilic to hydrophilic. However, some DES-surfactant solutions can not only increase I_(w) but also increase I_(o), suggesting that the lipophilicity of those sandstone samples will be improved by the DES-surfactant solutions. In addition, micromodel flooding tests confirm the promising performance of a DES-surfactant solution in improving oil recovery and altering wettability. Moreover, the possible mechanisms of DES and DES-surfactant solutions in altering the wettability of the Berea sandstone samples are proposed. DES samples may improve the hydrophilicity by forming hydrogen bonds between rock surface and water molecules. For DES-surfactant solutions, surfactant micelles can capture oil molecules to improve the lipophilicity of those sandstone samples.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant Nos.2023YFA1609700,2023YFA1608304,and2023YFA1608303)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0550103)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.12090040 and 12090041)supported from the Strategic Pioneer Program of the Astronomy Large-Scale Scientific Facility,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and the Science and Education Integration Funding of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The Mini-SiTian project,which is a pathfinder for the SiTian project,utilizes three 30 cm telescopes equipped with commercial CMOS cameras(ZWO ASI6200MM Pro)to simulate a large-area time-domain survey.Due to the avoidance of the traditional mechanical shutter,the CMOS camera is favorable in time-domain survey projects.In the future,the SiTian telescope array will employ a two-by-two scientific-grade mosaic CMOS camera to survey a10,000 degree square area every 30 minutes.Therefore,the performance of CMOS directly determines the detection capability of SiTian telescopes for transient sources,and a comprehensive understanding of the performance of CMOS cameras is crucial.In this research,laboratory testing was conducted to thoroughly evaluate three cameras by assessing several critical parameters,including bias stability,dark current,pixel anomalies,linearity,gain,and read noise.We find exceptional short-term bias stability with standard deviations below 0.02 ADU,negligible dark current of approximately 0.002 e-pixel^(-1)s^(-1)at 0℃,and excellent linearity with nonlinearity consistently below±0.5%,and a small proportion(0.06%-0.08%)of pixels with anomalous responses.Furthermore,our analysis demonstrates uniform gain values across all cameras,ranging from 0.252 to 0.255 e-ADU^(-1),with low readout noise,measured to be below 1.6 e-using conventional methods.We also propose a novel method for pixel-level gain and read noise calculation for CMOS sensors,which revealed a narrow gain distribution and a low median read noise of 1.028 e-for one of the cameras.The laboratory testing of the ZWO ASI6200MM Pro cameras indicates their potential to meet the requirements of time-domain surveys for the Mini-SiTian project.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81572343
文摘BACKGROUND Mesenteric lymphangioma(ML) in adults is a very rare disease. We report six hospitalized adult patients with ML in our hospital between January 2013 and July 2018 to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of ML in adults.CASE SUMMARY The male-to-female ratio was 3:3, and the median age at diagnosis was 55.2 years. Clinical manifestations varied; however, most were acute cases(5/6). No history of trauma was reported. None(0/6) of the patients were accurately diagnosed with ML in the emergency and outpatient departments. Mesenteric cysts were identified in four patients(66.7%) by abdominal ultrasound and in five patients(83.3%) by computed tomography. ML was postoperatively confirmed by pathology. Most MLs(4/6) were associated with infection of other systems. ML was located in the mesentery of the small intestine(n = 4), ileum(n = 1) and rectum(n = 1). Cyst fluid was clear(n = 4), chylous(n = 1) and bloody(n = 1). Surgical procedures included complete tumor removal and partial intestinal excision(n = 6). Recurrence and adhesive intestinal obstruction were not observed during the 3-12 mo follow-up period.CONCLUSION ML in adults is a rare benign acquired disease that can be cured by surgical treatment. Infection may be a cause of ML.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871801, 32001679)the Science and Technology Research of Shaanxi Province (2020QFY08-03)+1 种基金Forestry Science and Technology Programs of Shaanxi Province (SXLK20200213)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (GK201604013)。
文摘Insulin resistance(IR) has been considered to be an important causative factor of metabolic syndrome(Met S). The present study investigated whether pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs) could prevent the development of Met S by improving IR in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were fed high fat diet(HFD) to induce Met S and supplemented with different dosages of PPPs for 12 weeks. The results showed that HFD-induced insulin resistant rats had disordered metabolism of blood glucose, blood lipid, and terrible muscle fiber morphology when compared with normal diet-fed rats, but PPPs treatment at a dosage of 300 mg/kg·day significantly reversed these negative effects. Moreover, in skeletal muscle tissue of insulin resistant rats, PPPs treatments significantly increased the protein expressions of insulin receptor(Ins R) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS-1), stimulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT/PKB) signaling pathway, and aggrandized the protein levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4). Our results suggest that PPPs possess of the beneficial effects on alleviating IR by enhancing insulin sensitivity and regulating glucose metabolism.
基金co-supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.3244044)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52022009)+1 种基金the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project of China(No.P2022-A-II-003-001)the Key Laboratory Foundation,China(No.2021-JCJQ-LB-062-0102).
文摘This paper presents an experimental study on the Non-Synchronous Vibration(NSV)in a six-stage transonic compressor.The first part of the paper describes the NSV phenomenon of Rotor 1,which occurs when both Stator 1(S1)and Stator 2(S2)or S1 only are closed.Detailed measurements and analysis are carried out for the former case through the unsteady wall pressure and the Blade Strain(BS).The spinning mode theory used in the rotor/stator interaction noise is employed to explain the relation between the circumferential wave number of the aerodynamic disturbance and the Nodal Diameter(ND)of the blade vibration.The variations of the vibration amplitudes of different blades and the Inter-Blade Phase Angles(IBPAs)at different moments suggest that the evolution of NSV is a highly nonuniform phenomenon along the circumferential direction.In addition,the difference between the wall-pressure spectra generated by the NSV and the classic flutter has been discussed.In the second part,the variations of aerodynamic loading due to the adjustment of the staggers of the Inlet Guide Vane(IGV),S1 and S2 have been investigated.It is found that closing S1 only can result in a great fluctuation to the performance of the front stages,which might be detrimental to the flow organization and increase the risk of NSV.In contrast,the effect of closing S2 only on the performance of the first two stages appears to be slighter relatively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52022009)the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project of China(Grant No.P2022-A-II-003-001)+1 种基金Key Laboratory Foundation,China(Grant No.2021-JCJQ-LB-062-0102)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52276045 and 52206062)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.3122019171,3122021087 and 3122022QD06).
文摘The Contra-Rotating Open Rotor(CROR)design confronts significant noise challenges despite being one of the possible options for future green aeroengines.To efficiently estimate the noise emitted from a CROR,a three-dimensional unsteady prediction model based on the meshless method is presented.The unsteady wake flow and the aerodynamic load fluctuations on the blade are solved through the viscous vortex particle method,the blade element momentum theory and vortex lattice method.Then,the acoustic field is obtained through the Farassat’s formulation 1A.Validation of this method is conducted on a CROR,and a mesh-based method,e.g.,Nonlinear Harmonic(NLH)method,is also employed for comparison.It is found that the presented method is three times faster than NLH method while maintaining a comparable precision.A thorough parametric analysis is also carried out to illustrate the effects of rotational speed,rotor-rotor spacing and rear rotor diameter on the noise level.The rotor speed is found to be the most influencing factor,and by optimizing the speed difference between the front and rear rotors,a notable noise reduction can be expected.The current findings not only contribute to a deeper comprehension of the CROR’s aeroacoustic properties but also offer an effective tool for engineering applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41971307]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[grant number 2042022kf1200,2042023kf0217]+1 种基金Wuhan University Specific Fund for Major School-level Internationalization InitiativesLIESMARS Special Research Funding.
文摘Precise classification of Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)point cloud is a fundamental process in various applications,such as land cover mapping,forestry management,and autonomous driving.Due to the lack of spectral information,the existing research on single wavelength LiDAR classification is limited.Spectral information from images could address this limitation,but data fusion suffers from varying illumination conditions and the registration problem.A novel multispectral LiDAR successfully obtains spatial and spectral information as a brand-new data type,namely,multispectral point cloud,thereby improving classification performance.However,spatial and spectral information of multispectral LiDAR has been processed separately in previous studies,thereby possibly limiting the classification performance of multispectral LiDAR.To explore the potential of this new data type,the current spatial-spectral classification framework for multispectral LiDAR that includes four steps:(1)neighborhood selection,(2)feature extraction and selection,(3)classification,and(4)label smoothing.Three novel highlights were proposed in this spatial-spectral classification framework.(1)We improved the popular eigen entropy-based neighborhood selection by spectral angle match to extract a more precise neighborhood.(2)We evaluated the importance of geometric and spectral features to compare their contributions and selected the most important features to reduce feature redundancy.(3)We conducted spatial label smoothing by a conditional random field,accounting for the spatial and spectral information of the neighborhood points.The proposed method demonstrated by a multispectral LiDAR with three channels:466 nm(blue),527 nm(green),and 628 nm(red).Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed spatial-spectral classification framework.Moreover,this research takes advantages of the complementation of spatial and spectral information,which could benefit more precise neighborhood selection,more effective features,and satisfactory refinement of classification result.Finally,this study could serve as an inspiration for future efficient spatial-spectral process for multispectral point cloud.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 program)under Grant No.2014CB347800 and No.2012CB315803the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(863 program)under Grant No.2013AA013303+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61170291,No.61133006,and No.61161140454ZTE IndustryAcademia-Research Cooperation Funds
文摘Many ＂rich - connected＂ topologies with multiple parallel paths between smwers have been proposed for data center networks recently to provide high bisection bandwidth, but it re mains challenging to fully utilize the high network capacity by appropriate multi- path routing algorithms. As flow-level path splitting may lead to trafl＇ic imbalance between paths due to flow- size difference, packet-level path splitting attracts more attention lately, which spreads packets from flows into multiple available paths and significantly improves link utilizations. However, it may cause packet reordering, confusing the TCP congestion control algorithm and lowering the throughput of flows. In this paper, we design a novel packetlevel multi-path routing scheme called SOPA, which leverag- es OpenFlow to perform packet-level path splitting in a round- robin fashion, and hence significantly mitigates the packet reordering problem and improves the network throughput. Moreover, SOPA leverages the topological feature of data center networks to encode a very small number of switches along the path into the packet header, resulting in very light overhead. Compared with random packet spraying （RPS）, Hedera and equal-cost multi-path routing （ECMP）, our simulations demonstrate that SOPA achieves 29.87%, 50.41% and 77.74% higher network throughput respectively under permutation workload, and reduces average data transfer completion time by 53.65%, 343.31% and 348.25% respectively under production workload.
