Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)is one of the most common serious complications in patients with liver cirrhosis.The occurrence of PVT not only aggravates the condition of liver cirrhosis but can also cause several serious...Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)is one of the most common serious complications in patients with liver cirrhosis.The occurrence of PVT not only aggravates the condition of liver cirrhosis but can also cause several serious complications,such as portal hypertension,esophagogastric variceal bleeding,and refractory ascites.All these factors have a serious impact on patients’quality of life and prognosis.This article evaluates the current evidence on the management of PVT in cirrhosis and explores the role of direct oral anticoagulants,but data on individualized anticoagulation strategies are limited and lacking for the treatment of PVT in cirrhosis,and it is hoped that it will inform a broad range of clinicians on the treatment of cirrhosis combined with PVT.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intraoperative and postoperative biliary injuries remain significant complications of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE).Indocyanine green(ICG)has been shown to significantly reduce injuries c...BACKGROUND Intraoperative and postoperative biliary injuries remain significant complications of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE).Indocyanine green(ICG)has been shown to significantly reduce injuries caused by intraoperative operational errors.We found that the J-tube can reduce postoperative strictures and injuries to the common bile duct.At this moment,we aim to analyze and compare the complications,efficacy,short-term outcomes,and feasibility of these two adjunctive tools for LCBDE.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of ICG fluorescence imaging In LCBDE and J-tube drainage for patients with common bile duct stones.METHODS We retrospectively collected the clinical case data of patients who were treated at the Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of the Third People’s Hospital of Nantong,affiliated with Nantong University,from January 2016 to January 2021 due to gallbladder stones with choledocholithiasis and who underwent LCBDE combined with a primary suture and either J-tube or T-tube drainage.The patients were divided into groups:Traditional white-light laparoscopy+T-tube group(WL+T-tube),traditional WL+J-tube group,fluorescent laparoscopy+T-tube group(ICG+T-tube)and fluorescent laparoscopy+J-tube group(ICG+J-tube).The preoperative and postoperative clinical case data,laboratory examination data,and intraoperative and postoperative complications(including postoperative bile leakage,electrolyte disturbances,biliary peritonitis,and postoperative infections)and other relevant indicators were compared.RESULTS A total of 198 patients(112 males and 86 females)were included in the study,with 74 patients in the WL+T-tube,47 in the WL+J-tube,42 in the ICG+T-tube,and 35 in the ICG+J-tube.Compared with the other groups,the ICG+J had significantly shorter operation time(114 minutes,P=0.001),less blood loss(42 mL,P=0.02),shorter postoperative hospital stays(7 days,P=0.038),and lower surgical costs(China yuan 30178,P=0.001).Furthermore,patients were subdivided into two groups based on whether a T-tube or J-tube was placed during the surgery.By the third postoperative day,the aspartate transaminase,glutamic pyruvic transaminase,total bilirubin,and direct bilirubin levels were lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group(P<0.001).At last,follow-up observations showed that the incidence of biliary strictures at three months postoperatively was significantly lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group(P=0.002).CONCLUSION ICG fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and J-tube drainage facilitates rapid identification of biliary anatomy and variations,reducing intraoperative bile duct injury,blood loss,surgery duration,and postoperative bile duct stenosis rates,supporting its clinical adoption.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection acquired in childhood frequently presents with mild or nonspecific symptoms,yet a distinct subset of pediatric patients develops rapid progression to liver cirrhosis(...BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection acquired in childhood frequently presents with mild or nonspecific symptoms,yet a distinct subset of pediatric patients develops rapid progression to liver cirrhosis(LC)before adulthood.AIM To identify clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric HBV-related LC.METHODS A total of 1332 pediatric patients with chronic HBV infection from the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2010 to January 2023 were included in this study.We identified 62 pediatric HBV-related LC by liver biopsy from the group.Subsequently,we described the clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric LC.And 64 pediatric chronic hepatitis B(CHB;age and sex were matched with pediatric LC group)and 69 adult HBV-related LC(sex were matched with pediatric LC group)were enrolled to further demonstrate clinical and pathological differences between pediatric LC,pediatric CHB and adult LC.RESULTS We enrolled 62 pediatric LC,including 54(87.1%)males and 8(12.9%)females.The median age was 11(4-14)years old.The pediatric LC group showed significantly lower median quantitative HBV DNA loads(log10IU/mL:6.3 vs 17.4,P<0.001),reduced HBsAg titers(log10IU/mL:3.11 vs 8.956,P<0.0001),and diminished hepatitis B e antigen-positive positive rate(81.4%vs 93.8%,P<0.05)compared with pediatric CHB.A higher proportion of pediatric patients were asymptomatic(77.4%)compared to adult patients(11.6%)as they first diagnosed as LC,pediatric LC showed milder initial symptoms compared with adult patients such as fatigue(4.8%vs 27.5%),abdominal discomfort(9.7%vs 23.2%),nausea(0%vs 10.1%),and poor appetite(6.5%vs 8.7%;all P<0.0001).Notably,pediatric LC can achieve a significant percentage of functional cure compared with adult LC as 17.4%and 0%.The incidence of progression of LC in children after antiviral therapy continues to be much lower than that in adult LC(hazard ratio=6.102,95%confidence interval:1.72-21.65,P=0.00051).While the incidence of LC remission in children after antiviral therapy continues to be much higher than that in adult LC(hazard ratio=0.055,95%confidence interval:0.07128-0.2802,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION Pediatric patients with HBV-related cirrhosis exhibit elevated virological parameters and heightened transaminase levels than adult patients.However,the frequent paucity of overt clinical symptoms contributes to diagnostic challenges.Notably,early initiation of antiviral therapy in this population substantially improved clinical outcomes.展开更多
The Leprdb/db mouse is a common and well-studied model of type II diabetes mel-litus that is often employed in biomedical research.Despite being one of the most commonly used models for the investigation of diabetic w...The Leprdb/db mouse is a common and well-studied model of type II diabetes mel-litus that is often employed in biomedical research.Despite being one of the most commonly used models for the investigation of diabetic wound healing,there are a few specific guidelines for its husbandry,and wound complications such as infection and expansion are common.This study presents a modified animal husbandry ap-proach for the Leprdb/db mouse to reduce the incidence of complications during wound healing experiments.Compared to standard rodent housing protocols,the use of this modified protocol leads to decreased rates of complications among experimental animals across several experiments.The protocol includes increased cage size,de-creased housing density,and more frequent cage replacements.The use of improved husbandry for the Leprdb/db mouse decreases the total number of animals required,minimizes harm during experimentation,and improves the consistency and reproduc-ibility of wound healing studies.展开更多
The slow phase transition from formⅡto formⅠhas always been an important factor that restricts the processing and application of polybutene-1(PB-1).After extensive efforts,a set of effective methods for promoting th...The slow phase transition from formⅡto formⅠhas always been an important factor that restricts the processing and application of polybutene-1(PB-1).After extensive efforts,a set of effective methods for promoting the phase transition rate in PB-1 was established by adjusting the crystallization,nucleation,and growth temperatures.Nevertheless,low-molecular-weight PB-1(LMWPB-1)faces challenges because this method requires a low crystallization temperature,which is difficult to achieve during extrusion processing.In this study,we attempted to increase the phase transition rate in PB-1 by changing the annealing temperature after processing rather than the crystallization temperature in the classical scheme.The results indicated that regardless of low-or high-molecular-weight PB-1,repeated annealing between 0 and 90℃could also promote formⅡto formⅠphase transition.The initial content of formⅠincreased with the heating and cooling cycles.The half-time of the phase transition(t_(1/2))was also shortened after heating/cooling.After 100 heating/cooling cycles,t_(1/2) was reduced to one-quarter of that without annealing,which had almost the same effect as the crystallization temperature at 25℃in promoting the phase transition.This study indicates that annealing after processing is also an important factor affecting the phase transition of PB-1,and should receive sufficient attention.展开更多
Al_(2)O_(3)scale-forming materials are highly desirable for high-temperature oxidation resistance,and the for-mation of α-Al_(2)O_(3)scales with low-angle grain boundaries(LAGBs)will increase their service lifetime.H...Al_(2)O_(3)scale-forming materials are highly desirable for high-temperature oxidation resistance,and the for-mation of α-Al_(2)O_(3)scales with low-angle grain boundaries(LAGBs)will increase their service lifetime.However,the synthesis of LAGBs is a considerable challenge.Herein,a novel methodology for engineering in situ α-Al_(2)O_(3)with LAGBs is designed,capitalizing on preferential nucleation.This approach employs a dual-stage preoxidation process,initiating with the selective nucleation of α-Al_(2)O_(3)under extremely low oxygen partial pressures,followed by the growth of these nuclei into a dense,protective oxide layer un-der marginally higher oxygen partial pressures.Based on this method,an α-Al_(2)O_(3)film with LAGBs is finally obtained,which significantly improves the oxidation resistance.This study not only paves the way for advanced materials to improve durability in high-temperature environments but also provides novel insight into the mechanisms of α-Al_(2)O_(3)film formation and growth under controlled oxidative conditions.展开更多
This paper focuses on the design of pocket parks against the background of urban microrenewal.Taking the“Qingshuitang”Pocket Park in Macheng Economic Development Zone as an example,it explores how to activate idle u...This paper focuses on the design of pocket parks against the background of urban microrenewal.Taking the“Qingshuitang”Pocket Park in Macheng Economic Development Zone as an example,it explores how to activate idle urban spaces through small-scale and incremental transformation.Based on the practical experience of Macheng City’s“San Chang Yi Zhuang Yi Yuan”(three plazas,one parking lot,one park)micro-renewal project,this paper analyzes the design strategies of pocket parks in terms of functional integration,cultural integration,and community participation,so as to provide references for similar projects.展开更多
Betula alnoides is a fast-growing hardwood species grown in large plantations in Southeast Asia and South China.Nitrogen requirements for producing robus seedlings,growth and nutrient dynamics were investigated using ...Betula alnoides is a fast-growing hardwood species grown in large plantations in Southeast Asia and South China.Nitrogen requirements for producing robus seedlings,growth and nutrient dynamics were investigated using exponential fertilization treatments.Root collar diameter,height,dry mass and nutrient contents of seedlings increased exponentially in all fertilization treatments as time progressed.Moreover,with water soluble fertilizer（Plant Products plus microelements N–P2O5–K2O：20–20–20）,300 mg N seedling-1was adequate.Vector analysis revealed that P was the most responsive nutrient element followed by N and K.Dilutions of N and K were evident in the plants without N addition,which induced initial P sufficiency and then luxury consumption probably due to the antagonistic interaction between N and P.However deficiencies of N,P and K were mostly observed in al exponential regimes during the experiment because seedling growth rate exceeded nutrient uptake rate,inferring that further study on improving the nutrient uptake efficiency is needed.Analysis of relationships among nutrient supply,dry mass,N content and N concentration demonstrated that 100–400 mg N seedling-1induced sufficiency to luxury consumption of nitrogen without significant change in dry mass,and 400 mg N seedling-1is recommended to apply for nutrient loading of seedlings before outplanting.The findings will help improve seedling quality and enhance the production of robust seedlings for plantation forestry of this species.展开更多
A study was conducted for metal extraction from copper smelting dust using the oxidation leaching and control of potential technology.The effects of H2O2 dosage,H2O2 feeding speed,initial HCl concentration,leaching te...A study was conducted for metal extraction from copper smelting dust using the oxidation leaching and control of potential technology.The effects of H2O2 dosage,H2O2 feeding speed,initial HCl concentration,leaching temperature,liquid-to-solid ratio and leaching time on metals leaching efficiencies were investigated.The following optimized leaching conditions were obtained:H2O2 dosage of 0.8 mL/g(redox potential of 429 mV),H2O2 feeding speed of 1.0 mL/min,initial H2SO4 concentration of 1.0 mol/L,initial HCl concentration of 1.0 mol/L,leaching temperature of 80°C,initial liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1 mL/g and leaching time of 1.5 h.Under the optimized conditions,copper and arsenic can be effectively leached from copper smelting dust,leaving residue as a suitable lead resource.The average leaching efficiencies of copper,arsenic and iron are 95.27%,96.82%and 46.65%,respectively.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies and their associations with clinical features in Chinesepatients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS: A total of 325 Chinese patients with CHB were enrolled in th...AIM: To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies and their associations with clinical features in Chinesepatients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS: A total of 325 Chinese patients with CHB were enrolled in this retrospective,hospitalbased study.Patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),or primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) were included,with healthy donors acting as controls.A panel of autoantibodies that serologically define AIH and PBC was tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay and line immunoassay.The AIH-related autoantibody profile included homogeneous anti-nuclear antibodies(ANA-H),smooth-muscle antibodies,anti-liver kidney microsome type 1,antiliver cytosolic antigen type 1,and anti-soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas; the PBC-related antibodies were characterized by ANA-nuclear dots/membranous rimlike,anti-mitochondrial antibodies-M2(AMA-M2),antiBPO(recombinant antigen targeted by AMA-M2),antiSp100,anti-promyelocytic leukemia protein(anti-PML),and anti-gp210.The dichotomization of clustering was used to unequivocally designate the AIH or PBC profiles for each case.Anti-Ro52 antibodies were also tested.RESULTS: The prevalence of any autoantibody in CHB amounted to 58.2%,which was similar to the 66.2% prevalence in CHC,significantly higher than the 6.7% in the healthy controls(P < 0.001),and lower than the 100% found in AIH and PBC(P = 0.004 and P < 0.001,respectively).There were more anti-PML and anti-gp210 antibodies among the CHB patients than the CHC patients(11.1% vs 0%,P = 0.003; 12.6% vs 0%,P < 0.001,respectively).The prevalence and titer of AMA,anti-BPO,anti-PML,and anti-gp210 were higher in PBC than in those with CHB.Among the CHB patients,the prevalence of ANA,especially ANA-H,was significantly lower in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis compared with patients without cirrhosis.Thirty-eight cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in CHB showed a significant differencecompared with non-HCC patients in the prevalence of anti-PML(0% vs 12.5%,P = 0.013).Dichotomization of the autoantibodies revealed that the PBC profile was more prevalent in patients with CHB than in those with CHC,and that it was strongly correlated with both compensated and decompensated cirrhosis.In contrast,the prevalence of the AIH profile was significantly higher in non-cirrhosis patients with CHB than in those with compensated cirrhosis(18.5% vs 8.2%,P = 0.039).Moreover,the AIH profile was also closely associated with hepatitis B e-antigen positivity.CONCLUSION: ANA-H could be an indicator of earlystage CHB.Dichotomizing the autoantibody profiles revealed that the PBC profile is strongly associated with cirrhosis in CHB.展开更多
Totally implantable access port is a fully implantable drug delivery system that is implanted subcutaneously and can be retained for a long time.Advantages of ports include a simple nursing process,low risk of infecti...Totally implantable access port is a fully implantable drug delivery system that is implanted subcutaneously and can be retained for a long time.Advantages of ports include a simple nursing process,low risk of infection and embolism,and high patient comfort.In order to promote the standardized application of ports in the treatment of digestive tract tumors and reduce port-related complications,the Chinese Research Hospital Association Digestive Tumor Committee,the Chinese Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons,the Chinese Gastric Cancer Association,and the Gastrointestinal Surgical Group of Chinese Surgical Society Affiliated to Chinese Medical Association have organized multidisciplinary expert discussions at the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army and nationwide expert letter reviews and on-site seminars,and formulated an expert consensus of the operation guidelines.展开更多
Fibroblast growth factor （FGF）/fibroblast growth factor receptor （FGFR） signaling plays essential roles in bone development and diseases. Missense mutations in FGFs and FGFRs in humans can cause various congenital...Fibroblast growth factor （FGF）/fibroblast growth factor receptor （FGFR） signaling plays essential roles in bone development and diseases. Missense mutations in FGFs and FGFRs in humans can cause various congenital bone diseases, including chondrodysplasia syndromes, craniosynostosis syndromes and syndromes with dysregulated phosphate metabolism. FGF/FGFR signaling is also an important pathway involved in the maintenance of adult bone homeostasis. Multiple kinds of mouse models, mimicking human skeleton diseases caused by missense mutations in FGFs and FGFRs, have been established by knock-m/out and transgenic technologies. These genetically modified mice provide good models for studying the role of FGF/FGFR signaling in skeleton development and homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the mouse models of FGF signaling-related skeleton diseases and recent progresses regarding the molecular mechanisms, underlying the role of FGFs/FGFRs in the regulation of bone development and homeostasis. This review also provides a perspective view on future works to explore the roles of FGF signaling in skeletal development and homeostasis.展开更多
As candidate thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),the structure characteristics and comprehensive properties of monoclinic-prime(m')RETaO4(RE=Yb,Lu,Sc)with excellent Al2O3/SiO2 chemical compatibility are...As candidate thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),the structure characteristics and comprehensive properties of monoclinic-prime(m')RETaO4(RE=Yb,Lu,Sc)with excellent Al2O3/SiO2 chemical compatibility are studied.Excellent thermal insulation protection will be provided by m'RETaO4 due to their low thermal conductivity(~1.6 Wm^-1 K^-1,900℃)and prominent thermal radiation resistance,which is much better than those of YSZ(~2.5 Wm^-1 K^-1,1000℃)and La-12 Zr2O7(~2.0 Wm^-1 K,900℃).The thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)are 3.0–8.0×10^-6 K^-1(200-1200℃),which is suitable for T/EBCs applications.Furthermore,absence of phase transition and extraordinary chemical compatibility with Al2O3/SiO2 up to 1500℃indicate the potential application prospect.The documented governing mechanisms of m'RETaO4 properties will enable researchers to promote their application in the future investigation.展开更多
Objective:Side population(SP) cells may play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and the recurrence of cancer.Many kinds of cell lines and tissues have demonstrated the presence of SP cells,including several gastric cance...Objective:Side population(SP) cells may play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and the recurrence of cancer.Many kinds of cell lines and tissues have demonstrated the presence of SP cells,including several gastric cancer cell lines.This study is aimed to identify the cancer stem-like cells in the SP of gastric cancer cell line MKN-45.Methods:We used fluorescence activated cell sorting(FACS) to sort SP cells in the human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN-45(cells labeled with Hoechst 33342) and then characterized the cancer stem-like properties of SP cells.Results:This study found that the SP cells had higher clone formation efficiency than major population(MP) cells.Five stemness-related gene expression profiles,including OCT-4,SOX-2,NANOG,CD44,and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette transporters gene ABCG2,were tested in SP and MP cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Western blot was used to show the difference of protein expression between SP and MP cells.Both results show that there was significantly higher protein expression in SP cells than in MP cells.When inoculated into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency(NOD/SCID) mice,SP cells show higher tumorigenesis tendency than MP cells.Conclusions:These results indicate that SP cells possess cancer stem cell properties and prove that SP cells from MKN-45 are gastric cancer stem-like cells.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To observe the curative effect of acu- puncture at hour-prescriptive points, a method of midnight-noon ebb-flow, to treat female adult ab- dominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuber- ant dampness. M...OBJECTIVE： To observe the curative effect of acu- puncture at hour-prescriptive points, a method of midnight-noon ebb-flow, to treat female adult ab- dominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuber- ant dampness. METHODS： Seventy-two patients with adult ab- dominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuber- ant dampness were randomly divided into a treat- ment group and a control group with 36 patients in each group. Patients in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at hour-prescriptive points from 9 to 11 AM every day on the principle of taking points along channels in time. Patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture at any time beyond 9 to 11 AM. Patients in both groups were treated for three courses of treatment.treatment group and 78.8% in the control group. The total curative effect in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group in reducing body weight, body mass index, waistline, obesity level, and clinical symptoms （P〈0.05）. After treatment, t-test was used on two independent samples to analyze the ratio of waistline to hipline and hipline. A value of 0.01〈P〈0.05 expressed a weaker outcome and similar curative effect be- tween the two groups in reducing ratio of waistline to hipline and hipline of patients. This value indi- cates that the treatment group has no obvious su- periority to that of the control group for curative effect. CONCLUSION： Because it was superior in reducing waistline and body weight of female adult pa- tients suffering from abdominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuberant dampness, acu- puncture at hour-prescriptive points, a method of midnight-noon ebb-flow, is an effective method to treat obesity.展开更多
A comprehensive understanding of the cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms underlying the development,homeostasis,and disease of human intervertebral disks(IVDs)remains challenging.Here,the transcriptomic la...A comprehensive understanding of the cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms underlying the development,homeostasis,and disease of human intervertebral disks(IVDs)remains challenging.Here,the transcriptomic landscape of 108108 IVD cells was mapped using single-cell RNA sequencing of three main compartments from young and adult healthy IVDs,including the nucleus pulposus(NP),annulus fibrosus,and cartilage endplate(CEP).The chondrocyte subclusters were classified based on their potential regulatory,homeostatic,and effector functions in extracellular matrix(ECM)homeostasis.Notably,in the NP,a PROCR+resident progenitor population showed enriched colony-forming unit-fibroblast(CFU-F)activity and trilineage differentiation capacity.Finally,intercellular crosstalk based on signaling network analysis uncovered that the PDGF and TGF-βcascades are important cues in the NP microenvironment.In conclusion,a single-cell transcriptomic atlas that resolves spatially regulated cellular heterogeneity together with the critical signaling that underlies homeostasis will help to establish new therapeutic strategies for IVD degeneration in the clinic.展开更多
Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the removal of hexavalent chromium（Cr（Ⅵ）） from aqueous solutions using ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling.The results show that the reduction rate of...Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the removal of hexavalent chromium（Cr（Ⅵ）） from aqueous solutions using ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling.The results show that the reduction rate of Cr（Ⅵ） by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling was significantly faster than that by ball milling or ultrasound treatment alone,and an initial Cr（Ⅵ） concentration of 166 mg/L could be decreased to 0.35 mg/L at 120 min.The decisive factors, including initial concentration of Cr（Ⅵ）, p H value, ultrasonic frequency and filling gas, were studied. It was found that the optimal ultrasonic frequency for ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling device was 20 k Hz, and the rate of Cr（Ⅵ）reduction as a function of filling gas followed the order： Ar 〉 air 〉 N2〉 O2. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, fluorescence measurements, atomic absorption and the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric method. The Cr（Ⅵ） transformed into a precipitate that could be removed from the contaminated water, after which the water could be reused.展开更多
This paper presents an adaptive gain-scheduled backstepping control(AGSBC) scheme for the balance control of an underactuated mechanical power-line inspection(PLI) robotic system with two degrees of freedom and a sing...This paper presents an adaptive gain-scheduled backstepping control(AGSBC) scheme for the balance control of an underactuated mechanical power-line inspection(PLI) robotic system with two degrees of freedom and a single control input.First, a nonlinear dynamic model of the balance adjustment process of the PLI robot is constructed, and then the model is linearized at a nominal equilibrium point to overcome the computational infeasibility of the conventional backstepping technique. Second, to solve generalized stabilization control issue for underactuated systems with multiple equilibrium points,an equilibrium manifold linearized model is developed using a scheduling variable, and then a gain-scheduled backstepping control(GSBC) scheme for expanding the operational area of the controlled system is constructed. Finally, an adaptive mechanism is proposed to counteract the impact of external disturbances. The robust stability of the closed-loop system is ensured by Lyapunov theorem. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance of the proposed scheme compared with other control schemes.展开更多
基金Supported by the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,No.SJCX24_2067Chen Xiao-Ping Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology of Hubei Province,No.CXPJJH123009-079.
文摘Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)is one of the most common serious complications in patients with liver cirrhosis.The occurrence of PVT not only aggravates the condition of liver cirrhosis but can also cause several serious complications,such as portal hypertension,esophagogastric variceal bleeding,and refractory ascites.All these factors have a serious impact on patients’quality of life and prognosis.This article evaluates the current evidence on the management of PVT in cirrhosis and explores the role of direct oral anticoagulants,but data on individualized anticoagulation strategies are limited and lacking for the treatment of PVT in cirrhosis,and it is hoped that it will inform a broad range of clinicians on the treatment of cirrhosis combined with PVT.
文摘BACKGROUND Intraoperative and postoperative biliary injuries remain significant complications of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE).Indocyanine green(ICG)has been shown to significantly reduce injuries caused by intraoperative operational errors.We found that the J-tube can reduce postoperative strictures and injuries to the common bile duct.At this moment,we aim to analyze and compare the complications,efficacy,short-term outcomes,and feasibility of these two adjunctive tools for LCBDE.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of ICG fluorescence imaging In LCBDE and J-tube drainage for patients with common bile duct stones.METHODS We retrospectively collected the clinical case data of patients who were treated at the Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of the Third People’s Hospital of Nantong,affiliated with Nantong University,from January 2016 to January 2021 due to gallbladder stones with choledocholithiasis and who underwent LCBDE combined with a primary suture and either J-tube or T-tube drainage.The patients were divided into groups:Traditional white-light laparoscopy+T-tube group(WL+T-tube),traditional WL+J-tube group,fluorescent laparoscopy+T-tube group(ICG+T-tube)and fluorescent laparoscopy+J-tube group(ICG+J-tube).The preoperative and postoperative clinical case data,laboratory examination data,and intraoperative and postoperative complications(including postoperative bile leakage,electrolyte disturbances,biliary peritonitis,and postoperative infections)and other relevant indicators were compared.RESULTS A total of 198 patients(112 males and 86 females)were included in the study,with 74 patients in the WL+T-tube,47 in the WL+J-tube,42 in the ICG+T-tube,and 35 in the ICG+J-tube.Compared with the other groups,the ICG+J had significantly shorter operation time(114 minutes,P=0.001),less blood loss(42 mL,P=0.02),shorter postoperative hospital stays(7 days,P=0.038),and lower surgical costs(China yuan 30178,P=0.001).Furthermore,patients were subdivided into two groups based on whether a T-tube or J-tube was placed during the surgery.By the third postoperative day,the aspartate transaminase,glutamic pyruvic transaminase,total bilirubin,and direct bilirubin levels were lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group(P<0.001).At last,follow-up observations showed that the incidence of biliary strictures at three months postoperatively was significantly lower in the J-tube group than in the T-tube group(P=0.002).CONCLUSION ICG fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and J-tube drainage facilitates rapid identification of biliary anatomy and variations,reducing intraoperative bile duct injury,blood loss,surgery duration,and postoperative bile duct stenosis rates,supporting its clinical adoption.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2023YFC2308104Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support,No.ZLRK202301National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.92159305.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection acquired in childhood frequently presents with mild or nonspecific symptoms,yet a distinct subset of pediatric patients develops rapid progression to liver cirrhosis(LC)before adulthood.AIM To identify clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric HBV-related LC.METHODS A total of 1332 pediatric patients with chronic HBV infection from the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2010 to January 2023 were included in this study.We identified 62 pediatric HBV-related LC by liver biopsy from the group.Subsequently,we described the clinical and pathological characteristics of pediatric LC.And 64 pediatric chronic hepatitis B(CHB;age and sex were matched with pediatric LC group)and 69 adult HBV-related LC(sex were matched with pediatric LC group)were enrolled to further demonstrate clinical and pathological differences between pediatric LC,pediatric CHB and adult LC.RESULTS We enrolled 62 pediatric LC,including 54(87.1%)males and 8(12.9%)females.The median age was 11(4-14)years old.The pediatric LC group showed significantly lower median quantitative HBV DNA loads(log10IU/mL:6.3 vs 17.4,P<0.001),reduced HBsAg titers(log10IU/mL:3.11 vs 8.956,P<0.0001),and diminished hepatitis B e antigen-positive positive rate(81.4%vs 93.8%,P<0.05)compared with pediatric CHB.A higher proportion of pediatric patients were asymptomatic(77.4%)compared to adult patients(11.6%)as they first diagnosed as LC,pediatric LC showed milder initial symptoms compared with adult patients such as fatigue(4.8%vs 27.5%),abdominal discomfort(9.7%vs 23.2%),nausea(0%vs 10.1%),and poor appetite(6.5%vs 8.7%;all P<0.0001).Notably,pediatric LC can achieve a significant percentage of functional cure compared with adult LC as 17.4%and 0%.The incidence of progression of LC in children after antiviral therapy continues to be much lower than that in adult LC(hazard ratio=6.102,95%confidence interval:1.72-21.65,P=0.00051).While the incidence of LC remission in children after antiviral therapy continues to be much higher than that in adult LC(hazard ratio=0.055,95%confidence interval:0.07128-0.2802,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION Pediatric patients with HBV-related cirrhosis exhibit elevated virological parameters and heightened transaminase levels than adult patients.However,the frequent paucity of overt clinical symptoms contributes to diagnostic challenges.Notably,early initiation of antiviral therapy in this population substantially improved clinical outcomes.
基金Funding was provided by the following National Institutes of Health grants:F30-DK123989(May Barakat)R01-GM50875(Luisa A.DiPietro)+1 种基金R35-GM139603(Luisa A.DiPietro)R01-AR065941(Terry W.Moore).Additional funding was provided by the University of Illinois Chicago Chancellor's Translational Science Initiative Award.
文摘The Leprdb/db mouse is a common and well-studied model of type II diabetes mel-litus that is often employed in biomedical research.Despite being one of the most commonly used models for the investigation of diabetic wound healing,there are a few specific guidelines for its husbandry,and wound complications such as infection and expansion are common.This study presents a modified animal husbandry ap-proach for the Leprdb/db mouse to reduce the incidence of complications during wound healing experiments.Compared to standard rodent housing protocols,the use of this modified protocol leads to decreased rates of complications among experimental animals across several experiments.The protocol includes increased cage size,de-creased housing density,and more frequent cage replacements.The use of improved husbandry for the Leprdb/db mouse decreases the total number of animals required,minimizes harm during experimentation,and improves the consistency and reproduc-ibility of wound healing studies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22175183)。
文摘The slow phase transition from formⅡto formⅠhas always been an important factor that restricts the processing and application of polybutene-1(PB-1).After extensive efforts,a set of effective methods for promoting the phase transition rate in PB-1 was established by adjusting the crystallization,nucleation,and growth temperatures.Nevertheless,low-molecular-weight PB-1(LMWPB-1)faces challenges because this method requires a low crystallization temperature,which is difficult to achieve during extrusion processing.In this study,we attempted to increase the phase transition rate in PB-1 by changing the annealing temperature after processing rather than the crystallization temperature in the classical scheme.The results indicated that regardless of low-or high-molecular-weight PB-1,repeated annealing between 0 and 90℃could also promote formⅡto formⅠphase transition.The initial content of formⅠincreased with the heating and cooling cycles.The half-time of the phase transition(t_(1/2))was also shortened after heating/cooling.After 100 heating/cooling cycles,t_(1/2) was reduced to one-quarter of that without annealing,which had almost the same effect as the crystallization temperature at 25℃in promoting the phase transition.This study indicates that annealing after processing is also an important factor affecting the phase transition of PB-1,and should receive sufficient attention.
基金financially supported by the National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals,the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023JC-XJ-04)the Postdoc-toral Innovative Talent Support Program(No.BX2021238)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20110).
文摘Al_(2)O_(3)scale-forming materials are highly desirable for high-temperature oxidation resistance,and the for-mation of α-Al_(2)O_(3)scales with low-angle grain boundaries(LAGBs)will increase their service lifetime.However,the synthesis of LAGBs is a considerable challenge.Herein,a novel methodology for engineering in situ α-Al_(2)O_(3)with LAGBs is designed,capitalizing on preferential nucleation.This approach employs a dual-stage preoxidation process,initiating with the selective nucleation of α-Al_(2)O_(3)under extremely low oxygen partial pressures,followed by the growth of these nuclei into a dense,protective oxide layer un-der marginally higher oxygen partial pressures.Based on this method,an α-Al_(2)O_(3)film with LAGBs is finally obtained,which significantly improves the oxidation resistance.This study not only paves the way for advanced materials to improve durability in high-temperature environments but also provides novel insight into the mechanisms of α-Al_(2)O_(3)film formation and growth under controlled oxidative conditions.
文摘This paper focuses on the design of pocket parks against the background of urban microrenewal.Taking the“Qingshuitang”Pocket Park in Macheng Economic Development Zone as an example,it explores how to activate idle urban spaces through small-scale and incremental transformation.Based on the practical experience of Macheng City’s“San Chang Yi Zhuang Yi Yuan”(three plazas,one parking lot,one park)micro-renewal project,this paper analyzes the design strategies of pocket parks in terms of functional integration,cultural integration,and community participation,so as to provide references for similar projects.
基金financially supported by The Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2012BAD21B0102)
文摘Betula alnoides is a fast-growing hardwood species grown in large plantations in Southeast Asia and South China.Nitrogen requirements for producing robus seedlings,growth and nutrient dynamics were investigated using exponential fertilization treatments.Root collar diameter,height,dry mass and nutrient contents of seedlings increased exponentially in all fertilization treatments as time progressed.Moreover,with water soluble fertilizer（Plant Products plus microelements N–P2O5–K2O：20–20–20）,300 mg N seedling-1was adequate.Vector analysis revealed that P was the most responsive nutrient element followed by N and K.Dilutions of N and K were evident in the plants without N addition,which induced initial P sufficiency and then luxury consumption probably due to the antagonistic interaction between N and P.However deficiencies of N,P and K were mostly observed in al exponential regimes during the experiment because seedling growth rate exceeded nutrient uptake rate,inferring that further study on improving the nutrient uptake efficiency is needed.Analysis of relationships among nutrient supply,dry mass,N content and N concentration demonstrated that 100–400 mg N seedling-1induced sufficiency to luxury consumption of nitrogen without significant change in dry mass,and 400 mg N seedling-1is recommended to apply for nutrient loading of seedlings before outplanting.The findings will help improve seedling quality and enhance the production of robust seedlings for plantation forestry of this species.
基金Project(2016M602427)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University,China
文摘A study was conducted for metal extraction from copper smelting dust using the oxidation leaching and control of potential technology.The effects of H2O2 dosage,H2O2 feeding speed,initial HCl concentration,leaching temperature,liquid-to-solid ratio and leaching time on metals leaching efficiencies were investigated.The following optimized leaching conditions were obtained:H2O2 dosage of 0.8 mL/g(redox potential of 429 mV),H2O2 feeding speed of 1.0 mL/min,initial H2SO4 concentration of 1.0 mol/L,initial HCl concentration of 1.0 mol/L,leaching temperature of 80°C,initial liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1 mL/g and leaching time of 1.5 h.Under the optimized conditions,copper and arsenic can be effectively leached from copper smelting dust,leaving residue as a suitable lead resource.The average leaching efficiencies of copper,arsenic and iron are 95.27%,96.82%and 46.65%,respectively.
文摘AIM: To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies and their associations with clinical features in Chinesepatients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS: A total of 325 Chinese patients with CHB were enrolled in this retrospective,hospitalbased study.Patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),or primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) were included,with healthy donors acting as controls.A panel of autoantibodies that serologically define AIH and PBC was tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay and line immunoassay.The AIH-related autoantibody profile included homogeneous anti-nuclear antibodies(ANA-H),smooth-muscle antibodies,anti-liver kidney microsome type 1,antiliver cytosolic antigen type 1,and anti-soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas; the PBC-related antibodies were characterized by ANA-nuclear dots/membranous rimlike,anti-mitochondrial antibodies-M2(AMA-M2),antiBPO(recombinant antigen targeted by AMA-M2),antiSp100,anti-promyelocytic leukemia protein(anti-PML),and anti-gp210.The dichotomization of clustering was used to unequivocally designate the AIH or PBC profiles for each case.Anti-Ro52 antibodies were also tested.RESULTS: The prevalence of any autoantibody in CHB amounted to 58.2%,which was similar to the 66.2% prevalence in CHC,significantly higher than the 6.7% in the healthy controls(P < 0.001),and lower than the 100% found in AIH and PBC(P = 0.004 and P < 0.001,respectively).There were more anti-PML and anti-gp210 antibodies among the CHB patients than the CHC patients(11.1% vs 0%,P = 0.003; 12.6% vs 0%,P < 0.001,respectively).The prevalence and titer of AMA,anti-BPO,anti-PML,and anti-gp210 were higher in PBC than in those with CHB.Among the CHB patients,the prevalence of ANA,especially ANA-H,was significantly lower in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis compared with patients without cirrhosis.Thirty-eight cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in CHB showed a significant differencecompared with non-HCC patients in the prevalence of anti-PML(0% vs 12.5%,P = 0.013).Dichotomization of the autoantibodies revealed that the PBC profile was more prevalent in patients with CHB than in those with CHC,and that it was strongly correlated with both compensated and decompensated cirrhosis.In contrast,the prevalence of the AIH profile was significantly higher in non-cirrhosis patients with CHB than in those with compensated cirrhosis(18.5% vs 8.2%,P = 0.039).Moreover,the AIH profile was also closely associated with hepatitis B e-antigen positivity.CONCLUSION: ANA-H could be an indicator of earlystage CHB.Dichotomizing the autoantibody profiles revealed that the PBC profile is strongly associated with cirrhosis in CHB.
基金Supported by Program of B.Braun Medical,No.CN-0486-AECVSE2019169Program of Military Medicine for Youth,No.QNF19055.
文摘Totally implantable access port is a fully implantable drug delivery system that is implanted subcutaneously and can be retained for a long time.Advantages of ports include a simple nursing process,low risk of infection and embolism,and high patient comfort.In order to promote the standardized application of ports in the treatment of digestive tract tumors and reduce port-related complications,the Chinese Research Hospital Association Digestive Tumor Committee,the Chinese Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons,the Chinese Gastric Cancer Association,and the Gastrointestinal Surgical Group of Chinese Surgical Society Affiliated to Chinese Medical Association have organized multidisciplinary expert discussions at the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army and nationwide expert letter reviews and on-site seminars,and formulated an expert consensus of the operation guidelines.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81030036, 81270012, 81170809)Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2014CB942904) +1 种基金the Committee of Science and Technology of Chongqing (CSTC 2011jjA1468)the foundation from national key laboratory (SKLZZ201017)
文摘Fibroblast growth factor （FGF）/fibroblast growth factor receptor （FGFR） signaling plays essential roles in bone development and diseases. Missense mutations in FGFs and FGFRs in humans can cause various congenital bone diseases, including chondrodysplasia syndromes, craniosynostosis syndromes and syndromes with dysregulated phosphate metabolism. FGF/FGFR signaling is also an important pathway involved in the maintenance of adult bone homeostasis. Multiple kinds of mouse models, mimicking human skeleton diseases caused by missense mutations in FGFs and FGFRs, have been established by knock-m/out and transgenic technologies. These genetically modified mice provide good models for studying the role of FGF/FGFR signaling in skeleton development and homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the mouse models of FGF signaling-related skeleton diseases and recent progresses regarding the molecular mechanisms, underlying the role of FGFs/FGFRs in the regulation of bone development and homeostasis. This review also provides a perspective view on future works to explore the roles of FGF signaling in skeletal development and homeostasis.
基金under the support of the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51762028,No.91960103)Materials Genome Engineering of Rare and Precious Metal of Yunnan Province(No.2018ZE019)。
文摘As candidate thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),the structure characteristics and comprehensive properties of monoclinic-prime(m')RETaO4(RE=Yb,Lu,Sc)with excellent Al2O3/SiO2 chemical compatibility are studied.Excellent thermal insulation protection will be provided by m'RETaO4 due to their low thermal conductivity(~1.6 Wm^-1 K^-1,900℃)and prominent thermal radiation resistance,which is much better than those of YSZ(~2.5 Wm^-1 K^-1,1000℃)and La-12 Zr2O7(~2.0 Wm^-1 K,900℃).The thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)are 3.0–8.0×10^-6 K^-1(200-1200℃),which is suitable for T/EBCs applications.Furthermore,absence of phase transition and extraordinary chemical compatibility with Al2O3/SiO2 up to 1500℃indicate the potential application prospect.The documented governing mechanisms of m'RETaO4 properties will enable researchers to promote their application in the future investigation.
基金Project (Nos.81000706/H1108 and 81172368) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Objective:Side population(SP) cells may play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and the recurrence of cancer.Many kinds of cell lines and tissues have demonstrated the presence of SP cells,including several gastric cancer cell lines.This study is aimed to identify the cancer stem-like cells in the SP of gastric cancer cell line MKN-45.Methods:We used fluorescence activated cell sorting(FACS) to sort SP cells in the human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN-45(cells labeled with Hoechst 33342) and then characterized the cancer stem-like properties of SP cells.Results:This study found that the SP cells had higher clone formation efficiency than major population(MP) cells.Five stemness-related gene expression profiles,including OCT-4,SOX-2,NANOG,CD44,and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding cassette transporters gene ABCG2,were tested in SP and MP cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Western blot was used to show the difference of protein expression between SP and MP cells.Both results show that there was significantly higher protein expression in SP cells than in MP cells.When inoculated into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency(NOD/SCID) mice,SP cells show higher tumorigenesis tendency than MP cells.Conclusions:These results indicate that SP cells possess cancer stem cell properties and prove that SP cells from MKN-45 are gastric cancer stem-like cells.
文摘OBJECTIVE： To observe the curative effect of acu- puncture at hour-prescriptive points, a method of midnight-noon ebb-flow, to treat female adult ab- dominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuber- ant dampness. METHODS： Seventy-two patients with adult ab- dominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuber- ant dampness were randomly divided into a treat- ment group and a control group with 36 patients in each group. Patients in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at hour-prescriptive points from 9 to 11 AM every day on the principle of taking points along channels in time. Patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture at any time beyond 9 to 11 AM. Patients in both groups were treated for three courses of treatment.treatment group and 78.8% in the control group. The total curative effect in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group in reducing body weight, body mass index, waistline, obesity level, and clinical symptoms （P〈0.05）. After treatment, t-test was used on two independent samples to analyze the ratio of waistline to hipline and hipline. A value of 0.01〈P〈0.05 expressed a weaker outcome and similar curative effect be- tween the two groups in reducing ratio of waistline to hipline and hipline of patients. This value indi- cates that the treatment group has no obvious su- periority to that of the control group for curative effect. CONCLUSION： Because it was superior in reducing waistline and body weight of female adult pa- tients suffering from abdominal obesity with spleen deficiency and exuberant dampness, acu- puncture at hour-prescriptive points, a method of midnight-noon ebb-flow, is an effective method to treat obesity.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81802165 and 31930054)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0103401 and 2019YFA0110201)+2 种基金raining Plan of Talents’Innovation of Army Medical Center of PLA(2019CXJSB013)Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program in Chongqing(2019-298)Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of the State Key Laboratory of Trauma,Burns and Combined Injury(SKLYQ201902).
文摘A comprehensive understanding of the cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms underlying the development,homeostasis,and disease of human intervertebral disks(IVDs)remains challenging.Here,the transcriptomic landscape of 108108 IVD cells was mapped using single-cell RNA sequencing of three main compartments from young and adult healthy IVDs,including the nucleus pulposus(NP),annulus fibrosus,and cartilage endplate(CEP).The chondrocyte subclusters were classified based on their potential regulatory,homeostatic,and effector functions in extracellular matrix(ECM)homeostasis.Notably,in the NP,a PROCR+resident progenitor population showed enriched colony-forming unit-fibroblast(CFU-F)activity and trilineage differentiation capacity.Finally,intercellular crosstalk based on signaling network analysis uncovered that the PDGF and TGF-βcascades are important cues in the NP microenvironment.In conclusion,a single-cell transcriptomic atlas that resolves spatially regulated cellular heterogeneity together with the critical signaling that underlies homeostasis will help to establish new therapeutic strategies for IVD degeneration in the clinic.
基金supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.14JJ1013)
文摘Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the removal of hexavalent chromium（Cr（Ⅵ）） from aqueous solutions using ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling.The results show that the reduction rate of Cr（Ⅵ） by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling was significantly faster than that by ball milling or ultrasound treatment alone,and an initial Cr（Ⅵ） concentration of 166 mg/L could be decreased to 0.35 mg/L at 120 min.The decisive factors, including initial concentration of Cr（Ⅵ）, p H value, ultrasonic frequency and filling gas, were studied. It was found that the optimal ultrasonic frequency for ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling device was 20 k Hz, and the rate of Cr（Ⅵ）reduction as a function of filling gas followed the order： Ar 〉 air 〉 N2〉 O2. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, fluorescence measurements, atomic absorption and the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric method. The Cr（Ⅵ） transformed into a precipitate that could be removed from the contaminated water, after which the water could be reused.
文摘This paper presents an adaptive gain-scheduled backstepping control(AGSBC) scheme for the balance control of an underactuated mechanical power-line inspection(PLI) robotic system with two degrees of freedom and a single control input.First, a nonlinear dynamic model of the balance adjustment process of the PLI robot is constructed, and then the model is linearized at a nominal equilibrium point to overcome the computational infeasibility of the conventional backstepping technique. Second, to solve generalized stabilization control issue for underactuated systems with multiple equilibrium points,an equilibrium manifold linearized model is developed using a scheduling variable, and then a gain-scheduled backstepping control(GSBC) scheme for expanding the operational area of the controlled system is constructed. Finally, an adaptive mechanism is proposed to counteract the impact of external disturbances. The robust stability of the closed-loop system is ensured by Lyapunov theorem. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance of the proposed scheme compared with other control schemes.
