激光雷达(light detection and ranging,LiDAR)作为一门新兴的主动遥感技术,近年来由于在提取和反演森林参数水平上不断提高,被越来越多地应用于动物生态学研究中。本文通过整理和搜集国内外文献,对激光雷达的技术特点及其在森林参数提...激光雷达(light detection and ranging,LiDAR)作为一门新兴的主动遥感技术,近年来由于在提取和反演森林参数水平上不断提高,被越来越多地应用于动物生态学研究中。本文通过整理和搜集国内外文献,对激光雷达的技术特点及其在森林参数提取和动物生境上的研究进展进行综述,指出当前基于LiDAR的森林参数反演算法主要服务于森林资源调查或林学研究,缺少对动物生态或生理意义相关的参数量化信息。目前该技术在国内的动物生态学方面的应用较少,尚未见文章发表。通过总结国外学者的研究,分别从动物生境选择与三维森林结构的关系、栖息地立体生境制图、生物多样性评估和物种分布模型预测三个方面综述了LiDAR在动物生态学研究中的应用现状。相比传统方法,LiDAR技术提供的高精度三维结构信息,能够显著提高动物生境质量的评估、生物多样性的监测水平和物种分布模型的评价精度,有利于从机理上加深对物种生境选择和集群过程的理解。但目前LiDAR技术的应用主要集中在对已知的生态关系研究,尤其是冠层结构与动物分布的关系,缺少对林下层生活的动物生境质量和生物多样性的监测和评估,同时很多有关动物生存和繁衍与立体生境的关系研究有待从LiDAR数据中进一步挖掘分析。未来应加强对森林林下层三维信息的提取,提高林下层动物生境质量和生物多样性的监测水平,同时建立适用于动物生态和生理意义相关的参数,为动物生境质量和生物多样性的评估提供标准的量化指标。展开更多
Objective:To explore on the association between nucleic acid turning-negative-time and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with the Omicron variant.Method:For this r...Objective:To explore on the association between nucleic acid turning-negative-time and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with the Omicron variant.Method:For this retrospective cross-sectional study,we enrolled 189 patients with COVID-19(age 20-90 years)were included.multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the TCM symptoms affecting the nucleic acid turning-negative-time of COVID-19 patients,during the process of data analysis,taking with nucleic acid turning-negative-time as the dependent variable,and TCM symptoms as independent variables,and at the same time,sex,age,hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart disease were as confounding variables.Results:The study found that the most common TCM symptoms of COVID-19 patients with Omicron were cough,dry throat,expectoration,fever,sore throat,pharyngeal itching,running nose,and nasal congestion.Regression analysis showed that the fit regressive equation showed a significant difference(F=4.286,P<0.001),R=0.400,the adjusted R^(2)=0.123,and three variables in the regression equation showed significant difference(P<0.05).The results showed that nucleic acid turningnegative-time was mostly related to constipation,fever,and expectoration.If the patients had the symptoms of constipation,fever,and expectoration;that is,if patients showed these symptoms,the turning-negative-time of nucleic acid in patients with Omicron will be prolonged.Conclusions:Treatment based on symptoms for patients with constipation,fever,and expectoration may have important clinical significance for the COVID-19 patients with Omicron.展开更多
This paper is based on the fieldwork in Xishuang-banna Natioanl Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province of China.GPS data of Asian elephants were collected and analyzed with the remote sensing satellite photos of the region...This paper is based on the fieldwork in Xishuang-banna Natioanl Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province of China.GPS data of Asian elephants were collected and analyzed with the remote sensing satellite photos of the region to estimate the landform physiognomy of different colors.We also analyzed a series of ecological factors includ-ing altitude,landform,relief,villages and roads which affected the distribution and movement of Asian elephants.The results suggested the possibility of designing and estab-lishing corridors in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve to protect the population of wild elephants in the region.展开更多
To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The Europea...To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The European classification defines septate uterus as having an internal fundal indentation exceeding 50%of the uterine wall thickness and an external indentation less than 50%of the uterine wall thickness.展开更多
As an apex predator the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)could play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of forest ecosystems in Northeast Asia.Due to habitat loss and harvest over the past century,tige...As an apex predator the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)could play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of forest ecosystems in Northeast Asia.Due to habitat loss and harvest over the past century,tigers rapidly declined in China and are now restricted to the Russian Far East and bordering habitat in nearby China.To facilitate restoration of the tiger in its historical range,reliable estimates of population size are essential to assess effectiveness of conservation interventions.Here we used camera trap data collected in Hunchun National Nature Reserve from April to June 2013 and 2014 to estimate tiger density and abundance using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian spatially explicit capture-recapture(SECR)methods.A minimum of 8 individuals were detected in both sample periods and the documentation of marking behavior and reproduction suggests the presence of a resident population.Using Bayesian SECR modeling within the 11400 km2 state space,density estimates were 0.33 and 0.40 individuals/100 km^(2) in 2013 and 2014,respectively,corresponding to an estimated abundance of 38 and 45 animals for this transboundary Sino-Russian population.In a maximum likelihood framework,we estimated densities of 0.30 and 0.24 individuals/100 km^(2) corresponding to abundances of 34 and 27,in 2013 and 2014,respectively.These density estimates are comparable to other published estimates for resident Amur tiger populations in the Russian Far East.This study reveals promising signs of tiger recovery in Northeast China,and demonstrates the importance of connectivity between the Russian and Chinese populations for recovering tigers in Northeast China.展开更多
The North Chinese leopard(Panthera pardus japonensis),the least-known big cat,disappeared in most historical range for decades,following the development of modern civilization.Unfortunately,we have scarce knowledge ab...The North Chinese leopard(Panthera pardus japonensis),the least-known big cat,disappeared in most historical range for decades,following the development of modern civilization.Unfortunately,we have scarce knowledge about the status of this big cat so far,apart from anecdotal reports.In this study,we investigated density,distribution,and habitat use of the leopard,the apex predator,in a complex forest landscape in the Loess Plateau.We used a camera-trapping network to obtain population estimates for leopards over 2 years through spatially explicit capture-recapture models.Our results,based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian/MCMC methods,reveal that the largest wild population of the leopard was found widely distributed in remnant forests in central Loess plateau.The population is increasing in our study area,and the density of leopards(1.70(SE=0.48)−2.40(SE=0.67)/100 km^(2))is higher than other areas of China.According to the analysis of 2 seasonal occupancy models,prey species drive partially the leopard habitat use,predicting that the big cat thrives from the recovery of prey community.However,human disturbances,especially oil wells,seem to have negative impacts on the habitat use of leopards.Specifically,it is necessary to have joint efforts by the government and researchers to improve human disturbances management and prey species population density,as well as strengthen the investment in research on the North Chinese leopard,which could all further strengthen protection ability and ensure the long-term survival of this species.展开更多
Traditional conservation strategies can effectively preserve biodiversity within nature reserves,but may fail to mitigate the conflicts between rural development and wildlife conservation.This paper discusses the magn...Traditional conservation strategies can effectively preserve biodiversity within nature reserves,but may fail to mitigate the conflicts between rural development and wildlife conservation.This paper discusses the magnitude of the conflict and its development over time,focusing on elephant conservation and land resource management within and around nature reserves.We suggest that regulations alone can satisfy neither the demands to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services nor the demands to achieve human welfare.More innovative tools such as informed landuse planning and integrated conservation development projects are called for to reduce the agricultural interface with elephant range,and therefore to alleviate the damage caused by the conflict.展开更多
To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with...To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with adverse reproductive outcomes.The incidence of de novo intrauterine adhesions(IUAs)after TCRS is approximately 5%to 25%.[1]Various anti-adhesion methods are widely used in the clinical management of patients with septate uteri,including intrauterine devices,Foley balloons,estrogen,antibiotics,and hyaluronic acid gel.However,insufficient evidence supports or opposes any of these methods(Level C),[2]lacking high-grade evidence.展开更多
Introduction:China is responsible for more than 60%of global aquaculture production.As the frontiers of food production have expanded,the cultivation of marine organisms in coastal zones and the open ocean has grown r...Introduction:China is responsible for more than 60%of global aquaculture production.As the frontiers of food production have expanded,the cultivation of marine organisms in coastal zones and the open ocean has grown rapidly.The dominant mariculture industry in China is suspended mariculture,which uses net cages,ropes,or other structures suspended in the water column to cultivate aquatic organisms.This systematic,quantitative review provides a clear and comprehensive account of research that has investigated the adverse impacts of suspended mariculture in China and reviews research that has applied Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA)systems for mitigating impacts.This work builds on 218 peer reviewed papers that have been published in English-language journals.Outcomes:Eighteen impacts were identified,including chemical,ecological,physical,and socioeconomic impacts.Eighteen measures for improving suspended mariculture were recommended consisting of government department,farm management,and ecological engineering measures.IMTA was the most frequently recommended measure.The capabil-ities of IMTA for bioremediation and increased farm production were the most frequently studied advantages.Seven other benefits have been explored but remain understudied.The current challenges facing the expansion of commercial IMTA include limited use of new technology,limited skills development,decreasing production of low trophic-level species,biogeographic and temporal barriers,and negative system feedbacks.Conclusion:Despite challenges,implementing commercial IMTA is a promising measure for reducing the impacts of sus pended mariculture because it presents a range of secondary benefits that can improve the overall sustainability of aquaculture in the coastal zone.展开更多
Background Hysteroscopy is the preferred method for the diagnosis and treatment of uterine diseases.With the increasing demand for outpatient hysteroscopy,disposable digital hysteroscopy has emerged,which can meet the...Background Hysteroscopy is the preferred method for the diagnosis and treatment of uterine diseases.With the increasing demand for outpatient hysteroscopy,disposable digital hysteroscopy has emerged,which can meet the requirements of diagnosis and treatment integration,and greatly reduce the labour and storage costs.Methods A total of 108 outpatients who underwent hysteroscopy using disposable digital hysteroscope were divided into two groups:the non-porous group(group A,n=49)and the married with child group(group B,n=59).The patients’general information and clinical data were recorded and statistical analysis was performed.Results No differences were found between the age,weight,body mass index,menopausal status and indication for hysteroscopy of the two groups.The most common indication was embryo transfer failure.The surgical success rate of 108 patients was 100%,the concordance rate between hysteroscopic diagnosis of chronic endometritis and pathological diagnosis was 94.44%(68/72),while the false positive rate stood at 38.89%(14/36).Additionally,incidental findings rate for endometrial polyps was 92.00%(23/25)with a low false positive rate of only 6%(5/83).The mean visual analogue scale score of group A was 2.285±0.180,which was not significantly different from group B(p=0.483,95%CI(−0.60-0.44)).The pregnancy rate among patients who received assisted reproductive technology and were followed up for 1 year after surgery was 66.67%(40/60),while the abortion rate stood at 5.00%(3/60).Conclusions The disposable digital hysteroscope is a valuable and effective tool for outpatient hysteroscopy.展开更多
文摘激光雷达(light detection and ranging,LiDAR)作为一门新兴的主动遥感技术,近年来由于在提取和反演森林参数水平上不断提高,被越来越多地应用于动物生态学研究中。本文通过整理和搜集国内外文献,对激光雷达的技术特点及其在森林参数提取和动物生境上的研究进展进行综述,指出当前基于LiDAR的森林参数反演算法主要服务于森林资源调查或林学研究,缺少对动物生态或生理意义相关的参数量化信息。目前该技术在国内的动物生态学方面的应用较少,尚未见文章发表。通过总结国外学者的研究,分别从动物生境选择与三维森林结构的关系、栖息地立体生境制图、生物多样性评估和物种分布模型预测三个方面综述了LiDAR在动物生态学研究中的应用现状。相比传统方法,LiDAR技术提供的高精度三维结构信息,能够显著提高动物生境质量的评估、生物多样性的监测水平和物种分布模型的评价精度,有利于从机理上加深对物种生境选择和集群过程的理解。但目前LiDAR技术的应用主要集中在对已知的生态关系研究,尤其是冠层结构与动物分布的关系,缺少对林下层生活的动物生境质量和生物多样性的监测和评估,同时很多有关动物生存和繁衍与立体生境的关系研究有待从LiDAR数据中进一步挖掘分析。未来应加强对森林林下层三维信息的提取,提高林下层动物生境质量和生物多样性的监测水平,同时建立适用于动物生态和生理意义相关的参数,为动物生境质量和生物多样性的评估提供标准的量化指标。
基金This study was approved by the First Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Tianjin,China)(Approved No.TYLL2020[K]006).
文摘Objective:To explore on the association between nucleic acid turning-negative-time and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with the Omicron variant.Method:For this retrospective cross-sectional study,we enrolled 189 patients with COVID-19(age 20-90 years)were included.multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the TCM symptoms affecting the nucleic acid turning-negative-time of COVID-19 patients,during the process of data analysis,taking with nucleic acid turning-negative-time as the dependent variable,and TCM symptoms as independent variables,and at the same time,sex,age,hypertension,diabetes,and coronary heart disease were as confounding variables.Results:The study found that the most common TCM symptoms of COVID-19 patients with Omicron were cough,dry throat,expectoration,fever,sore throat,pharyngeal itching,running nose,and nasal congestion.Regression analysis showed that the fit regressive equation showed a significant difference(F=4.286,P<0.001),R=0.400,the adjusted R^(2)=0.123,and three variables in the regression equation showed significant difference(P<0.05).The results showed that nucleic acid turningnegative-time was mostly related to constipation,fever,and expectoration.If the patients had the symptoms of constipation,fever,and expectoration;that is,if patients showed these symptoms,the turning-negative-time of nucleic acid in patients with Omicron will be prolonged.Conclusions:Treatment based on symptoms for patients with constipation,fever,and expectoration may have important clinical significance for the COVID-19 patients with Omicron.
基金The authors wish to thank International Fund for Animal Welfare(IFAW)and Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve for financial and logistic support,Feng Liming,Ma Lichao,Yuan Zhiqiang,Zhu Wenqing,Guo Yanli,Wang Lihong,Yang Fan,Liu Yuyi and Zhang Na for guidance and advice.Zhao Huaidong for field assistance.
文摘This paper is based on the fieldwork in Xishuang-banna Natioanl Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province of China.GPS data of Asian elephants were collected and analyzed with the remote sensing satellite photos of the region to estimate the landform physiognomy of different colors.We also analyzed a series of ecological factors includ-ing altitude,landform,relief,villages and roads which affected the distribution and movement of Asian elephants.The results suggested the possibility of designing and estab-lishing corridors in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve to protect the population of wild elephants in the region.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2701405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82171614 and 82271656),Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7232125).
文摘To the Editor:Septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine malformation associated with an increased risk of miscarriage,preterm birth,and fetal malpresentation and reduced clinical pregnancy rates.The European classification defines septate uterus as having an internal fundal indentation exceeding 50%of the uterine wall thickness and an external indentation less than 50%of the uterine wall thickness.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(31270567,31210103911,31421063,31200410 and 31470566)the National Scientific and Technical Foundation Project of China(2012FY112000).
文摘As an apex predator the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)could play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of forest ecosystems in Northeast Asia.Due to habitat loss and harvest over the past century,tigers rapidly declined in China and are now restricted to the Russian Far East and bordering habitat in nearby China.To facilitate restoration of the tiger in its historical range,reliable estimates of population size are essential to assess effectiveness of conservation interventions.Here we used camera trap data collected in Hunchun National Nature Reserve from April to June 2013 and 2014 to estimate tiger density and abundance using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian spatially explicit capture-recapture(SECR)methods.A minimum of 8 individuals were detected in both sample periods and the documentation of marking behavior and reproduction suggests the presence of a resident population.Using Bayesian SECR modeling within the 11400 km2 state space,density estimates were 0.33 and 0.40 individuals/100 km^(2) in 2013 and 2014,respectively,corresponding to an estimated abundance of 38 and 45 animals for this transboundary Sino-Russian population.In a maximum likelihood framework,we estimated densities of 0.30 and 0.24 individuals/100 km^(2) corresponding to abundances of 34 and 27,in 2013 and 2014,respectively.These density estimates are comparable to other published estimates for resident Amur tiger populations in the Russian Far East.This study reveals promising signs of tiger recovery in Northeast China,and demonstrates the importance of connectivity between the Russian and Chinese populations for recovering tigers in Northeast China.
基金supported by grant from the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(31670537,31200410)the National Scientific and Technical Foundation Project of China(2012FY112000)Cyrus Tang Foundation(2016),and the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(2019M653714).
文摘The North Chinese leopard(Panthera pardus japonensis),the least-known big cat,disappeared in most historical range for decades,following the development of modern civilization.Unfortunately,we have scarce knowledge about the status of this big cat so far,apart from anecdotal reports.In this study,we investigated density,distribution,and habitat use of the leopard,the apex predator,in a complex forest landscape in the Loess Plateau.We used a camera-trapping network to obtain population estimates for leopards over 2 years through spatially explicit capture-recapture models.Our results,based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian/MCMC methods,reveal that the largest wild population of the leopard was found widely distributed in remnant forests in central Loess plateau.The population is increasing in our study area,and the density of leopards(1.70(SE=0.48)−2.40(SE=0.67)/100 km^(2))is higher than other areas of China.According to the analysis of 2 seasonal occupancy models,prey species drive partially the leopard habitat use,predicting that the big cat thrives from the recovery of prey community.However,human disturbances,especially oil wells,seem to have negative impacts on the habitat use of leopards.Specifically,it is necessary to have joint efforts by the government and researchers to improve human disturbances management and prey species population density,as well as strengthen the investment in research on the North Chinese leopard,which could all further strengthen protection ability and ensure the long-term survival of this species.
文摘Traditional conservation strategies can effectively preserve biodiversity within nature reserves,but may fail to mitigate the conflicts between rural development and wildlife conservation.This paper discusses the magnitude of the conflict and its development over time,focusing on elephant conservation and land resource management within and around nature reserves.We suggest that regulations alone can satisfy neither the demands to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services nor the demands to achieve human welfare.More innovative tools such as informed landuse planning and integrated conservation development projects are called for to reduce the agricultural interface with elephant range,and therefore to alleviate the damage caused by the conflict.
基金supported by a grant from the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(NO.2020-PT320-003)
文摘To the Editor:The septate uterus is the most common uterine anomaly and is associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes.Transcervical resection of septum(TCRS)is widely performed in patients with adverse reproductive outcomes.The incidence of de novo intrauterine adhesions(IUAs)after TCRS is approximately 5%to 25%.[1]Various anti-adhesion methods are widely used in the clinical management of patients with septate uteri,including intrauterine devices,Foley balloons,estrogen,antibiotics,and hyaluronic acid gel.However,insufficient evidence supports or opposes any of these methods(Level C),[2]lacking high-grade evidence.
基金This work was supported by the Science Technology and Innovation Commission,Shenzhen Municipality,China[ZDSYSY20140509155229806]Sustainable Fisheries Development Fund,Hong Kong Agriculture Fisheries and Conservation Department[SFDF-0016]Sustainable Ecological Aquaculture Project,City University of Hong Kong[9610320].
文摘Introduction:China is responsible for more than 60%of global aquaculture production.As the frontiers of food production have expanded,the cultivation of marine organisms in coastal zones and the open ocean has grown rapidly.The dominant mariculture industry in China is suspended mariculture,which uses net cages,ropes,or other structures suspended in the water column to cultivate aquatic organisms.This systematic,quantitative review provides a clear and comprehensive account of research that has investigated the adverse impacts of suspended mariculture in China and reviews research that has applied Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA)systems for mitigating impacts.This work builds on 218 peer reviewed papers that have been published in English-language journals.Outcomes:Eighteen impacts were identified,including chemical,ecological,physical,and socioeconomic impacts.Eighteen measures for improving suspended mariculture were recommended consisting of government department,farm management,and ecological engineering measures.IMTA was the most frequently recommended measure.The capabil-ities of IMTA for bioremediation and increased farm production were the most frequently studied advantages.Seven other benefits have been explored but remain understudied.The current challenges facing the expansion of commercial IMTA include limited use of new technology,limited skills development,decreasing production of low trophic-level species,biogeographic and temporal barriers,and negative system feedbacks.Conclusion:Despite challenges,implementing commercial IMTA is a promising measure for reducing the impacts of sus pended mariculture because it presents a range of secondary benefits that can improve the overall sustainability of aquaculture in the coastal zone.
文摘Background Hysteroscopy is the preferred method for the diagnosis and treatment of uterine diseases.With the increasing demand for outpatient hysteroscopy,disposable digital hysteroscopy has emerged,which can meet the requirements of diagnosis and treatment integration,and greatly reduce the labour and storage costs.Methods A total of 108 outpatients who underwent hysteroscopy using disposable digital hysteroscope were divided into two groups:the non-porous group(group A,n=49)and the married with child group(group B,n=59).The patients’general information and clinical data were recorded and statistical analysis was performed.Results No differences were found between the age,weight,body mass index,menopausal status and indication for hysteroscopy of the two groups.The most common indication was embryo transfer failure.The surgical success rate of 108 patients was 100%,the concordance rate between hysteroscopic diagnosis of chronic endometritis and pathological diagnosis was 94.44%(68/72),while the false positive rate stood at 38.89%(14/36).Additionally,incidental findings rate for endometrial polyps was 92.00%(23/25)with a low false positive rate of only 6%(5/83).The mean visual analogue scale score of group A was 2.285±0.180,which was not significantly different from group B(p=0.483,95%CI(−0.60-0.44)).The pregnancy rate among patients who received assisted reproductive technology and were followed up for 1 year after surgery was 66.67%(40/60),while the abortion rate stood at 5.00%(3/60).Conclusions The disposable digital hysteroscope is a valuable and effective tool for outpatient hysteroscopy.
