<strong>Objectives:</strong> To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the quantitative iodine parameters, including Iodine Concentration (IC), Normalized Iodine Concentration (NIC), and λ<sub>HU<...<strong>Objectives:</strong> To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the quantitative iodine parameters, including Iodine Concentration (IC), Normalized Iodine Concentration (NIC), and λ<sub>HU</sub>, in distinguishing malignant and benign thyroid nodules. <strong>Methods:</strong> Relevant studies were searched from Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and other complementary sources from inception to May 20, 2020. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed following the Cochrane standards and the PRISMA-DTA guideline. <strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included (595 patients with 737 thyroid nodules). The pooled sensitivity, specificity and summary diagnostic odds ratio of IC were 79% (95% CI: 69% - 86%), 76% (95% CI: 65% - 84%) and 11 (95% CI: 5 - 27) respectively;those of NIC were 78% (95% CI: 70% - 85%), 80% (95% CI: 74% - 85%) and 15 (95% CI: 9 - 24) respectively;those of λ<sub>HU</sub> were 80% (95% CI: 71% - 87%), 77% (95% CI: 70% - 83%) and 14 (95% CI: 8 - 24) respectively. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>DECT can be a potential evaluation tool for thyroid nodules. The NIC may be the most sensitive iodine parameter and could be comparable between different DECT machines in thyroid nodule assessment.展开更多
We examined the fractal pattern of cerebral computerized tomography images in 158 normal infants aged 0 3 years, based on the quantitative analysis of chaotic theory. Results showed that the fractal dimension of cereb...We examined the fractal pattern of cerebral computerized tomography images in 158 normal infants aged 0 3 years, based on the quantitative analysis of chaotic theory. Results showed that the fractal dimension of cerebral computerized tomography images in normal infants remained stable from 1.86-1.91. The normal distribution range in the neonatal period, 1-2 months old infants, 1-2 year old infants, and of 2-3 year old infants was 1.88 1.90 （mean： 1.891 3 ± 0.006 4）, 1.89-1.90 （mean： 1.892 7 ±0.004 5）, 1.86-1.90 （mean： 1.886 3 ± 0.008 5）, and 1.88-1.91 （mean： 1.895 8±0.008 3）, respectively. The spectrum width of the multifractal spectrum （△α） in normal infants was 1.4618. These data suggest that the spectral width parameters of the multifractal spectrum and the fractal dimension criteria in normal children may be useful as a practical specific parameter for assessing the fractal mode of brain development in normal infants.展开更多
Background: Neuromuscular choristoma is a rare benign peripheral neuropathy composed of ectopic mature muscle fibers and nerve bundles, usually involving large nerve roots or trunks, such as brachial plexus and sciati...Background: Neuromuscular choristoma is a rare benign peripheral neuropathy composed of ectopic mature muscle fibers and nerve bundles, usually involving large nerve roots or trunks, such as brachial plexus and sciatic nerve. NMC usually occurs in childhood, and some cases are congenital. Here, we report a case of adult orbital intraconal NMC. The resected specimens were fish-like and tough. Histological pathology suggested that the specimen was composed of mature skeletal muscle tissue interspersed with peripheral nerve bundles. Histopathological examination revealed that the left orbital mass was composed of mature skeletal muscle tissue interspersed with surrounding nerve fascicles. Immunohistochemistry: S-100 protein was positive. In general, postoperative histopathological examination ultimately determined the diagnosis of NMC in the intraconal region of the orbital muscle. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to periocular pain for 2 weeks. Orbital CT scan showed an irregular soft tissue density in the left orbital muscle cone area, and the boundary between the local and the left lateral rectus muscle was unclear. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that there was an oval abnormal signal in the posterior lateral space of the left eyeball, with a clear edge and a size of about 22 mm × 8 mm. The boundary between the local area and the left lateral rectus muscle was unclear, and the optic nerve was compressed to the right side. The T1 WI showed low signal, T2-FS showed high and low mixed signal, and the enhanced scan showed continuous obvious enhancement. Eventually, the patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion. Conclusions: NMC is a rare benign peripheral neuropathy, especially NMC in the orbital muscle cone. There is no specificity in clinical and imaging examinations. Accurate diagnosis before surgical resection is very challenging for clinicians and radiologists. Importantly, we can differentiate orbital NMC from other types of orbital tumors.展开更多
Although rare, intraneural hemangiomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions. We report on a 59-year-old female patient, who was admitted to the hospital due to the discovery o...Although rare, intraneural hemangiomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions. We report on a 59-year-old female patient, who was admitted to the hospital due to the discovery of bilateral breast masses for 3 months, there was no paresthesia or dyskinesia. The patient accidentally found a mass in the right upper mediastinum while completing a plain chest X-ray, initially suspected as a benign neurilemmoma on CT. Surgical resection and pathological analysis confirmed an intraneural hemangioma. Unexpectedly, the patient developed new-onset right upper limb numbness and paresthesia 3 months post-operatively, probably related to surgical nerve injury. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a broad differential for mediastinal masses, and the potential for iatrogenic neurological complications when managing these rare, yet vascular lesions.展开更多
Introduction: Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (PCAC) is a rare skin malignant tumor that originates from areas with a high concentration of apocrine glands. The incidence of PCAC in the neck is relatively low. Th...Introduction: Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (PCAC) is a rare skin malignant tumor that originates from areas with a high concentration of apocrine glands. The incidence of PCAC in the neck is relatively low. The age of onset in PCAC ranges from 5 to 70 years old. Clinically, PCAC typically shows up as painless nodules or lumps. In immunohistochemistry, positive expression of CK-7, GCDFP-15, AR, and myoepithelial markers are helpful in the diagnosis of PCAC. This case report pertains to a 59-year-old male of Asian descent. Five years ago, a painless mass was discovered behind his right ear, which grew slowly. This patient was identified as PCAC based on clinical symptoms, pathology, immunohistochemistry, and imaging characteristics. PCAC involved the parotid gland in this case;it is easy to be misdiagnosed as a primary malignant tumor of the parotid gland on imaging. Furthermore, a thorough set of clinical, imaging, pathological, and immunohistochemical examinations must be performed to make a diagnosis because it is challenging to differentiate PCAC from metastatic breast carcinoma. Conclusion: A well-developed multidisciplinary examination is essential because PCAC can be challenging to diagnose and differentiate.展开更多
Insufficient radiofrequency ablation(IRFA)of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)leads to alterations in epigenetic properties such as N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA methylation in tumor cells,which creates an immune-suppr...Insufficient radiofrequency ablation(IRFA)of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)leads to alterations in epigenetic properties such as N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA methylation in tumor cells,which creates an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment capable of promoting residual tumor growth and recurrence and affecting the efficacy of RFA.In this study,the constructed STM-Mn@OMVs,which were produced through the rational functionalisation of bacterial-derived OMVs with Mn^(2+)ions and the methylation inhibitor STM2457,were found to effectively activate antitumor immunity.Our study shows that STM-Mn@OMVs can effectively promote dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,T cell activation,and STING pathway activation after endocytosis by cells,thus promoting immune cell infiltration.The STM-Mn@OMVs were able to promote cellular pyroptosis and synergistically activate the STING pathway.Furthermore,STM-Mn@OMVs promoted the increase of M1 macrophage phenotype in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)by reducing the infiltration of immunosuppressive cell populations such as regulatory T cells(Tregs)and myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),thus reversing the suppressive immune microenvironment after IRFA to some extent.Ultimately,the growth of residual tumors was inhibited.In addition,the biosafety of STM-Mn@OMVs was demonstrated in this study.Therefore,the STM-Mn@OMVs constructed in this study have great potential for application in the field of RFA and immunotherapy for HCC.展开更多
Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKI),such as Erlotinib,have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with mutated EGFR.However,the...Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKI),such as Erlotinib,have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with mutated EGFR.However,the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in wild-type(wt)EGFR tumours has been shown to be marginal.Methods that can sensitize Erlotinib to EGFR wild-type NSCLC remain rare.Herein,we developed a multifunctional superparamagnetic nanotheranostic agent as a novel strategy to potentiate Erlotinib to EGFR-wt NSCLCs.Our results demonstrate that the nanoparticles can co-escort Erlotinib and a vascular epithermal growth factor(VEGF)inhibitor,Bevacizumab(Bev),to EGFR-wt tumours.The nanotheranostic agent exhibits remarkable effects as an inhibitor of EGFR-wt tumour growth.Moreover,Bev normalizes the tumour embedded vessels,further promoting the therapeutic efficacy of Erlotinib.In addition,the tumour engagement of the nanoparticles and the vascular normalization could be tracked by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Collectively,our study,for the first time,demonstrated that elaborated nanoparticles could be employed as a robust tool to potentiate Erlotinib to EGFR-wt NSCLC,paving the way for imaging-guided nanotheranostics for refractory NSCLCs expressing EGFR wild-type genes.展开更多
文摘<strong>Objectives:</strong> To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the quantitative iodine parameters, including Iodine Concentration (IC), Normalized Iodine Concentration (NIC), and λ<sub>HU</sub>, in distinguishing malignant and benign thyroid nodules. <strong>Methods:</strong> Relevant studies were searched from Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and other complementary sources from inception to May 20, 2020. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed following the Cochrane standards and the PRISMA-DTA guideline. <strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included (595 patients with 737 thyroid nodules). The pooled sensitivity, specificity and summary diagnostic odds ratio of IC were 79% (95% CI: 69% - 86%), 76% (95% CI: 65% - 84%) and 11 (95% CI: 5 - 27) respectively;those of NIC were 78% (95% CI: 70% - 85%), 80% (95% CI: 74% - 85%) and 15 (95% CI: 9 - 24) respectively;those of λ<sub>HU</sub> were 80% (95% CI: 71% - 87%), 77% (95% CI: 70% - 83%) and 14 (95% CI: 8 - 24) respectively. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>DECT can be a potential evaluation tool for thyroid nodules. The NIC may be the most sensitive iodine parameter and could be comparable between different DECT machines in thyroid nodule assessment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30772303the Science Research Foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, No. 2010366Science and Technology Planning Project of Guang-dong Province, No. 2010B031600104
文摘We examined the fractal pattern of cerebral computerized tomography images in 158 normal infants aged 0 3 years, based on the quantitative analysis of chaotic theory. Results showed that the fractal dimension of cerebral computerized tomography images in normal infants remained stable from 1.86-1.91. The normal distribution range in the neonatal period, 1-2 months old infants, 1-2 year old infants, and of 2-3 year old infants was 1.88 1.90 （mean： 1.891 3 ± 0.006 4）, 1.89-1.90 （mean： 1.892 7 ±0.004 5）, 1.86-1.90 （mean： 1.886 3 ± 0.008 5）, and 1.88-1.91 （mean： 1.895 8±0.008 3）, respectively. The spectrum width of the multifractal spectrum （△α） in normal infants was 1.4618. These data suggest that the spectral width parameters of the multifractal spectrum and the fractal dimension criteria in normal children may be useful as a practical specific parameter for assessing the fractal mode of brain development in normal infants.
文摘Background: Neuromuscular choristoma is a rare benign peripheral neuropathy composed of ectopic mature muscle fibers and nerve bundles, usually involving large nerve roots or trunks, such as brachial plexus and sciatic nerve. NMC usually occurs in childhood, and some cases are congenital. Here, we report a case of adult orbital intraconal NMC. The resected specimens were fish-like and tough. Histological pathology suggested that the specimen was composed of mature skeletal muscle tissue interspersed with peripheral nerve bundles. Histopathological examination revealed that the left orbital mass was composed of mature skeletal muscle tissue interspersed with surrounding nerve fascicles. Immunohistochemistry: S-100 protein was positive. In general, postoperative histopathological examination ultimately determined the diagnosis of NMC in the intraconal region of the orbital muscle. Case Presentation: A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to periocular pain for 2 weeks. Orbital CT scan showed an irregular soft tissue density in the left orbital muscle cone area, and the boundary between the local and the left lateral rectus muscle was unclear. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that there was an oval abnormal signal in the posterior lateral space of the left eyeball, with a clear edge and a size of about 22 mm × 8 mm. The boundary between the local area and the left lateral rectus muscle was unclear, and the optic nerve was compressed to the right side. The T1 WI showed low signal, T2-FS showed high and low mixed signal, and the enhanced scan showed continuous obvious enhancement. Eventually, the patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion. Conclusions: NMC is a rare benign peripheral neuropathy, especially NMC in the orbital muscle cone. There is no specificity in clinical and imaging examinations. Accurate diagnosis before surgical resection is very challenging for clinicians and radiologists. Importantly, we can differentiate orbital NMC from other types of orbital tumors.
文摘Although rare, intraneural hemangiomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve lesions. We report on a 59-year-old female patient, who was admitted to the hospital due to the discovery of bilateral breast masses for 3 months, there was no paresthesia or dyskinesia. The patient accidentally found a mass in the right upper mediastinum while completing a plain chest X-ray, initially suspected as a benign neurilemmoma on CT. Surgical resection and pathological analysis confirmed an intraneural hemangioma. Unexpectedly, the patient developed new-onset right upper limb numbness and paresthesia 3 months post-operatively, probably related to surgical nerve injury. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a broad differential for mediastinal masses, and the potential for iatrogenic neurological complications when managing these rare, yet vascular lesions.
文摘Introduction: Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (PCAC) is a rare skin malignant tumor that originates from areas with a high concentration of apocrine glands. The incidence of PCAC in the neck is relatively low. The age of onset in PCAC ranges from 5 to 70 years old. Clinically, PCAC typically shows up as painless nodules or lumps. In immunohistochemistry, positive expression of CK-7, GCDFP-15, AR, and myoepithelial markers are helpful in the diagnosis of PCAC. This case report pertains to a 59-year-old male of Asian descent. Five years ago, a painless mass was discovered behind his right ear, which grew slowly. This patient was identified as PCAC based on clinical symptoms, pathology, immunohistochemistry, and imaging characteristics. PCAC involved the parotid gland in this case;it is easy to be misdiagnosed as a primary malignant tumor of the parotid gland on imaging. Furthermore, a thorough set of clinical, imaging, pathological, and immunohistochemical examinations must be performed to make a diagnosis because it is challenging to differentiate PCAC from metastatic breast carcinoma. Conclusion: A well-developed multidisciplinary examination is essential because PCAC can be challenging to diagnose and differentiate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82402408 and 82271943)the Guangdong Special Support Program for Young Top-Notch Talents(No.2024TQ08Y995,China)+6 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2023A1515012660,2022A1515220159 and 2023A1515220128,China)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.BX20230068,China)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M750452)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2023A03J1037,China)the Clinical Frontier Technology Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,China(No.JNU1AF-CFTP-2022-a01233)the Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2022-RC350-04,China)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Nos.2023-I2M-2-006 and 2023-I2M-QJ-010,China).
文摘Insufficient radiofrequency ablation(IRFA)of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)leads to alterations in epigenetic properties such as N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA methylation in tumor cells,which creates an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment capable of promoting residual tumor growth and recurrence and affecting the efficacy of RFA.In this study,the constructed STM-Mn@OMVs,which were produced through the rational functionalisation of bacterial-derived OMVs with Mn^(2+)ions and the methylation inhibitor STM2457,were found to effectively activate antitumor immunity.Our study shows that STM-Mn@OMVs can effectively promote dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,T cell activation,and STING pathway activation after endocytosis by cells,thus promoting immune cell infiltration.The STM-Mn@OMVs were able to promote cellular pyroptosis and synergistically activate the STING pathway.Furthermore,STM-Mn@OMVs promoted the increase of M1 macrophage phenotype in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)by reducing the infiltration of immunosuppressive cell populations such as regulatory T cells(Tregs)and myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),thus reversing the suppressive immune microenvironment after IRFA to some extent.Ultimately,the growth of residual tumors was inhibited.In addition,the biosafety of STM-Mn@OMVs was demonstrated in this study.Therefore,the STM-Mn@OMVs constructed in this study have great potential for application in the field of RFA and immunotherapy for HCC.
基金This study was supported partly by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(81771973,81971672 and 82102005)Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018B0303110011)+3 种基金Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation(201905010003)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21620308 and 21620101)JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.21H02873,21K07659,and 20H03635the AMED Moonshot Research and Development Program(Grant No 21zf0127003h001).
文摘Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKI),such as Erlotinib,have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with mutated EGFR.However,the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in wild-type(wt)EGFR tumours has been shown to be marginal.Methods that can sensitize Erlotinib to EGFR wild-type NSCLC remain rare.Herein,we developed a multifunctional superparamagnetic nanotheranostic agent as a novel strategy to potentiate Erlotinib to EGFR-wt NSCLCs.Our results demonstrate that the nanoparticles can co-escort Erlotinib and a vascular epithermal growth factor(VEGF)inhibitor,Bevacizumab(Bev),to EGFR-wt tumours.The nanotheranostic agent exhibits remarkable effects as an inhibitor of EGFR-wt tumour growth.Moreover,Bev normalizes the tumour embedded vessels,further promoting the therapeutic efficacy of Erlotinib.In addition,the tumour engagement of the nanoparticles and the vascular normalization could be tracked by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Collectively,our study,for the first time,demonstrated that elaborated nanoparticles could be employed as a robust tool to potentiate Erlotinib to EGFR-wt NSCLC,paving the way for imaging-guided nanotheranostics for refractory NSCLCs expressing EGFR wild-type genes.
