Commercial grade rolled and electrodeposited copper foils from Japan and China were selected, and their mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. It was observed that there are notable differences in...Commercial grade rolled and electrodeposited copper foils from Japan and China were selected, and their mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. It was observed that there are notable differences in fracture strength, elongation at break and hydrophilicity between rol- led and electrodeposited copper foils. The rolled copper foils have higher tensile strength, lower ductility and larger static contact angle than electrodeposited copper foils. The rolled copper foils contain a [^-fiber texture, and the electrodeposited copper foils have random crystalline orientations. It was also observed that the rolled foils have packed grains, and elec- trodeposited foils have equiaxial grains. The uniform fine grain size and a few substructures of Japanese electrode- posited foils are major reasons for their higher elongation.展开更多
Background:Cervical cancer is the sixth most common cancer in Chinese women.A standard treatment modal?ity for cervical cancer is the combination of surgery,chemotherapy,external?beam radiotherapy and intracavitary br...Background:Cervical cancer is the sixth most common cancer in Chinese women.A standard treatment modal?ity for cervical cancer is the combination of surgery,chemotherapy,external?beam radiotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy.The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the long?term treatment outcomes of patients with cervical cancer who were treated with californium?252 neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radio?therapy plus concurrent chemotherapy.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 150 patients with primary stages IB?IVB cervical cancer who received neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radiotherapy concurrently with cisplatin chemo?therapy.All patients were followed up.Using an actuarial analysis,patient outcomes and treatment?related adverse effects were evaluated and compared.Results:The median overall survival(OS)was 33.2 months.The 3?year progression?free survival rates for patients with stages I–II,III,and IV diseases were 81.0%(68/84),65.0%(39/60),and 0%(0/6),respectively;the 3?year OS rates were 90.5%(76/84),85.0%(51/60),and 16.7%(1/6),respectively.Vaginal bleeding was controlled within the median time of4.0 days.One month after treatment,97.3%of patients achieved short?term local control.The local recurrence rates for patients with stages I–II,III,and IV disease were 4.8%(4/84),11.7%(7/60),and 33.3%(2/6),respectively,and the occurrence rates of distant metastasis were 16.7%(14/84),25.0%(15/60),and 100.0%(6/6),respectively.Cancer stage,tumor size,and lymph node metastasis were identified as prognostic risk factors,but only lymph node metastasis was found to be an independent prognostic factor.The most common adverse effects during treatment were grades 1 and 2 irradiation?related proctitis and radiocystitis.Conclusion:For patients with cervical cancer,neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radiotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy produces a rapid response and greatly improves local control and long?term survival rates with tolerable adverse effects.展开更多
To inhibit the graphitization of diamond under high temperature and low pressure, diamond/SiC composites were firstly fabricated by a rapid gaseous Si vacuum reactive infiltration process. The microstructure and graph...To inhibit the graphitization of diamond under high temperature and low pressure, diamond/SiC composites were firstly fabricated by a rapid gaseous Si vacuum reactive infiltration process. The microstructure and graphitization behavior of diamond in the composites under various infiltration temperatures and holding time were investigated. The thermal conductivity of the resul- tant materials was discussed. The results show that the diamond-to-graphite transition is effectively inhibited at temperature of as high as 1600 ℃ under vacuum, and the substantial graphitization starts at 1700 ℃. The microstructure of those ungraphitized samples is uniform and fully densified. The inhibition mechanisms of graphitization include the isolation of the catalysts from diamond by a series of protective layers, high pressure stress applied on diamond by the reaction-bonded SiC, and the moderate gas-solid reaction. For the graphitized samples, the boundary between diamond and SiC is coarse and loose. The graphitization mechanism is considered to be an initial detachment of the bilayers from the diamond surfaces, and subsequently flattening to form graphite. The ungraphitized samples present higher thermal conductivity of about 410 W.m-1.K-1 due to the fine interfacial structure. For the graphitized samples, the thermal conductivity decreases significantly to 285 W.m-1.K-1 as a result of high interfacial thermal resistance.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51344008)
文摘Commercial grade rolled and electrodeposited copper foils from Japan and China were selected, and their mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. It was observed that there are notable differences in fracture strength, elongation at break and hydrophilicity between rol- led and electrodeposited copper foils. The rolled copper foils have higher tensile strength, lower ductility and larger static contact angle than electrodeposited copper foils. The rolled copper foils contain a [^-fiber texture, and the electrodeposited copper foils have random crystalline orientations. It was also observed that the rolled foils have packed grains, and elec- trodeposited foils have equiaxial grains. The uniform fine grain size and a few substructures of Japanese electrode- posited foils are major reasons for their higher elongation.
文摘Background:Cervical cancer is the sixth most common cancer in Chinese women.A standard treatment modal?ity for cervical cancer is the combination of surgery,chemotherapy,external?beam radiotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy.The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the long?term treatment outcomes of patients with cervical cancer who were treated with californium?252 neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radio?therapy plus concurrent chemotherapy.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 150 patients with primary stages IB?IVB cervical cancer who received neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radiotherapy concurrently with cisplatin chemo?therapy.All patients were followed up.Using an actuarial analysis,patient outcomes and treatment?related adverse effects were evaluated and compared.Results:The median overall survival(OS)was 33.2 months.The 3?year progression?free survival rates for patients with stages I–II,III,and IV diseases were 81.0%(68/84),65.0%(39/60),and 0%(0/6),respectively;the 3?year OS rates were 90.5%(76/84),85.0%(51/60),and 16.7%(1/6),respectively.Vaginal bleeding was controlled within the median time of4.0 days.One month after treatment,97.3%of patients achieved short?term local control.The local recurrence rates for patients with stages I–II,III,and IV disease were 4.8%(4/84),11.7%(7/60),and 33.3%(2/6),respectively,and the occurrence rates of distant metastasis were 16.7%(14/84),25.0%(15/60),and 100.0%(6/6),respectively.Cancer stage,tumor size,and lymph node metastasis were identified as prognostic risk factors,but only lymph node metastasis was found to be an independent prognostic factor.The most common adverse effects during treatment were grades 1 and 2 irradiation?related proctitis and radiocystitis.Conclusion:For patients with cervical cancer,neutron brachytherapy combined with external?beam radiotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy produces a rapid response and greatly improves local control and long?term survival rates with tolerable adverse effects.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51274040)the State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2011CB606306)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-TP-10-003B)
文摘To inhibit the graphitization of diamond under high temperature and low pressure, diamond/SiC composites were firstly fabricated by a rapid gaseous Si vacuum reactive infiltration process. The microstructure and graphitization behavior of diamond in the composites under various infiltration temperatures and holding time were investigated. The thermal conductivity of the resul- tant materials was discussed. The results show that the diamond-to-graphite transition is effectively inhibited at temperature of as high as 1600 ℃ under vacuum, and the substantial graphitization starts at 1700 ℃. The microstructure of those ungraphitized samples is uniform and fully densified. The inhibition mechanisms of graphitization include the isolation of the catalysts from diamond by a series of protective layers, high pressure stress applied on diamond by the reaction-bonded SiC, and the moderate gas-solid reaction. For the graphitized samples, the boundary between diamond and SiC is coarse and loose. The graphitization mechanism is considered to be an initial detachment of the bilayers from the diamond surfaces, and subsequently flattening to form graphite. The ungraphitized samples present higher thermal conductivity of about 410 W.m-1.K-1 due to the fine interfacial structure. For the graphitized samples, the thermal conductivity decreases significantly to 285 W.m-1.K-1 as a result of high interfacial thermal resistance.
