Receptor-like kinases(RLKs)are important for plant growth,development and defense responses.The S-receptor protein kinases(SRKs),which represent an RLK subfamily,control the selfincompatibility among Brassica species....Receptor-like kinases(RLKs)are important for plant growth,development and defense responses.The S-receptor protein kinases(SRKs),which represent an RLK subfamily,control the selfincompatibility among Brassica species.However,little information is available regarding SRK functions in rice.We identified a gene OsSRK1 encoding an atypical SRK.The transcript of OsSRK1 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA),salt and polyethylene glycol.OsSRK1 localized to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm.Leaf width was increased in OsSRK1-overexpression(OsSRK1-OX)transgenic rice plants,likely because of an increase in cell number per leaf.Furthermore,the expression levels of OsCYCA3-1 and OsCYCD2-1,which encode positive regulators of cell division,were up-regulated in leaf primordium of OsSRK1-OX rice plants relative to those in wild type.Meanwhile,the expression level of OsKRP1,which encodes cell cycle inhibitor,was down-regulated in the OsSRK1-OX plants.Therefore,it is deduced that OsSRK1 regulates leaf width by promoting cell division in the leaf primordium.Additionally,OsSRK1-OX plants exhibited enhanced ABA sensitivity and salt tolerance compared with wild type.These results suggest that OsSRK1 plays important roles in leaf development and salt responses in rice.展开更多
The production efficiency of shale gas is affected by the interaction between hydraulic and natural fractures.This study presents a simulation of natural fractures in shale reservoirs,based on a discrete fracture netw...The production efficiency of shale gas is affected by the interaction between hydraulic and natural fractures.This study presents a simulation of natural fractures in shale reservoirs,based on a discrete fracture network(DFN)method for hydraulic fracturing engineering.Fracture properties of the model are calculated from core fracture data,according to statistical mathematical analysis.The calculation results make full use of the quantitative information of core fracture orientation,density,opening and length,which constitute the direct and extensive data of mining engineering.The reliability and applicability of the model are analyzed with regard to model size and density,a calculation method for dominant size and density being proposed.Then,finite element analysis is applied to a hydraulic fracturing numerical simulation of a shale fractured reservoir in southeastern Chongqing.The hydraulic pressure distribution,fracture propagation,acoustic emission information and in situ stress changes during fracturing are analyzed.The results show the application of fracture statistics in fracture modeling and the influence of fracture distribution on hydraulic fracturing engineering.The present analysis may provide a reference for shale gas exploitation.展开更多
目的探索表观重塑调控生物钟基因对胃癌细胞铁死亡的影响。方法整合分析染色质可及性测序(assay for Transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing,ATAC-seq)、组织转录组测序(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq)及单细胞...目的探索表观重塑调控生物钟基因对胃癌细胞铁死亡的影响。方法整合分析染色质可及性测序(assay for Transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing,ATAC-seq)、组织转录组测序(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq)及单细胞转录组测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNAseq)数据,从染色质可及性调控癌细胞基因表达的角度,筛选发现胃癌开放染色质可能招募与生物节律相关的关键转录因子NPAS2。胃癌组织免疫组化染色和生存分析发现NPAS2高表达与胃癌进展和临床预后相关。调控功能方面,生物信息学分析提示节律因子NPAS2与铁死亡通路显著相关;构建敲低及过表达NPAS2胃癌细胞株,结合CCK-8、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量测定、BODIPY荧光染色及流式细胞术等功能实验,证实NPAS2对胃癌细胞铁死亡的抑制作用。结果昼夜节律转录因子NPAS2在胃癌进展中mRNA和蛋白水平表达量均显著上升,且其高表达与患者不良预后密切相关。NPAS2高表达与铁死亡通路失活相关,NPAS2高表达会使胃癌组织中多个铁死亡抑制基因(如SLC7A11、ACSL3)表达显著升高。细胞生物学实验表明,在胃癌细胞中过表达NPAS2增强铁死亡抵抗能力,敲低NPAS2则促进细胞发生铁死亡。结论胃癌中开放染色质可上调节律因子NPAS2,其通过赋予胃癌细胞铁死亡抵抗特性促进肿瘤进展,是潜在的治疗靶点。展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from Excellent Middle-Aged and Youth Scientist Award Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.BS2014SW029)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.ZR2016CB17 and ZR2018ZC08N2)Shandong Major Agricultural Applied Technological Innovation Projects(Grant No.2017.04-2020.04)in China.
文摘Receptor-like kinases(RLKs)are important for plant growth,development and defense responses.The S-receptor protein kinases(SRKs),which represent an RLK subfamily,control the selfincompatibility among Brassica species.However,little information is available regarding SRK functions in rice.We identified a gene OsSRK1 encoding an atypical SRK.The transcript of OsSRK1 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA),salt and polyethylene glycol.OsSRK1 localized to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm.Leaf width was increased in OsSRK1-overexpression(OsSRK1-OX)transgenic rice plants,likely because of an increase in cell number per leaf.Furthermore,the expression levels of OsCYCA3-1 and OsCYCD2-1,which encode positive regulators of cell division,were up-regulated in leaf primordium of OsSRK1-OX rice plants relative to those in wild type.Meanwhile,the expression level of OsKRP1,which encodes cell cycle inhibitor,was down-regulated in the OsSRK1-OX plants.Therefore,it is deduced that OsSRK1 regulates leaf width by promoting cell division in the leaf primordium.Additionally,OsSRK1-OX plants exhibited enhanced ABA sensitivity and salt tolerance compared with wild type.These results suggest that OsSRK1 plays important roles in leaf development and salt responses in rice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11872118,11627901)。
文摘The production efficiency of shale gas is affected by the interaction between hydraulic and natural fractures.This study presents a simulation of natural fractures in shale reservoirs,based on a discrete fracture network(DFN)method for hydraulic fracturing engineering.Fracture properties of the model are calculated from core fracture data,according to statistical mathematical analysis.The calculation results make full use of the quantitative information of core fracture orientation,density,opening and length,which constitute the direct and extensive data of mining engineering.The reliability and applicability of the model are analyzed with regard to model size and density,a calculation method for dominant size and density being proposed.Then,finite element analysis is applied to a hydraulic fracturing numerical simulation of a shale fractured reservoir in southeastern Chongqing.The hydraulic pressure distribution,fracture propagation,acoustic emission information and in situ stress changes during fracturing are analyzed.The results show the application of fracture statistics in fracture modeling and the influence of fracture distribution on hydraulic fracturing engineering.The present analysis may provide a reference for shale gas exploitation.
文摘目的探索表观重塑调控生物钟基因对胃癌细胞铁死亡的影响。方法整合分析染色质可及性测序(assay for Transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing,ATAC-seq)、组织转录组测序(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq)及单细胞转录组测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNAseq)数据,从染色质可及性调控癌细胞基因表达的角度,筛选发现胃癌开放染色质可能招募与生物节律相关的关键转录因子NPAS2。胃癌组织免疫组化染色和生存分析发现NPAS2高表达与胃癌进展和临床预后相关。调控功能方面,生物信息学分析提示节律因子NPAS2与铁死亡通路显著相关;构建敲低及过表达NPAS2胃癌细胞株,结合CCK-8、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量测定、BODIPY荧光染色及流式细胞术等功能实验,证实NPAS2对胃癌细胞铁死亡的抑制作用。结果昼夜节律转录因子NPAS2在胃癌进展中mRNA和蛋白水平表达量均显著上升,且其高表达与患者不良预后密切相关。NPAS2高表达与铁死亡通路失活相关,NPAS2高表达会使胃癌组织中多个铁死亡抑制基因(如SLC7A11、ACSL3)表达显著升高。细胞生物学实验表明,在胃癌细胞中过表达NPAS2增强铁死亡抵抗能力,敲低NPAS2则促进细胞发生铁死亡。结论胃癌中开放染色质可上调节律因子NPAS2,其通过赋予胃癌细胞铁死亡抵抗特性促进肿瘤进展,是潜在的治疗靶点。
