Objective Burnout is a triad of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment resulting from job stress.Although with distinct regional and cultural characteristics,burnout among anesthesi...Objective Burnout is a triad of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment resulting from job stress.Although with distinct regional and cultural characteristics,burnout among anesthesiologists in the Tibet has not been described.This study aimed to explore the prevalence of burnout among anesthesiologists in Tibet and its associated factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tibet,China,with an anonymous questionnaire.Socialdemographic characteristics,work status,three dimensions of burnout assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 133 individuals from 17 hospitals completed the survey from March to June 2018.The prevalence of moderate-to high-level of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and burnout in personal accomplishment was 65.4%(95%CI,57.0%-72.9%),66.9%(95%CI,58.5%-74.3%),and 83.5%(95%CI,76.2%-88.8%),respectively.An annual caseload≥500,frequent overtime work and fair to poor sleep quality were significantly associated with a higher level of emotional exhaustion(P<0.001,P=0.001,and P<0.0001,respectively).5-9 years in anesthesiology experience was significantly associated with a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization(P=0.002 and P=0.003,respectively).Conclusions More than half of anesthesiologists working in Tibet experience a moderate-to high-level of burnout in at least one dimensional scale.Anesthesiologists having 5-9 years of experience are more prone to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.Efforts to decrease burnout through reducing the working load and raising the social recognition of anesthesiologists in Tibet should be considered.展开更多
Data from the Tibet air shower array were used to examine the cosmic ray shadows of the Moon and the Sun at energies around 10Tev.The shadowing effect was clearly observed at the 5.8level for the Moon,while the shadow...Data from the Tibet air shower array were used to examine the cosmic ray shadows of the Moon and the Sun at energies around 10Tev.The shadowing effect was clearly observed at the 5.8level for the Moon,while the shadow of the Sun was found in the direction away from the sun by 0.86°tothe west and 0.43°to the south.The effect of the geomagnetic field has also been observed in the shadow of cosmic rays by the Moon.The observed deflection of the sun’s shadow is briefly discussed in connection with the effect of the magnetic fields between the sun and the Earth.This is the first observation of the effects of such magnetic fields on the cosmic ray shadow.The maximum-likelihood analysis of the Moon data set shows that the angular resolutions of the array for showers with its mode energies 7TeVand 35TeV are 0.87°-0.13°+0.10°and 0.54°-0.08°+0.11°,respectively.展开更多
To the Editor:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,called the roof of the world,is an extremely harsh environment with scarce medical resources.[1]After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese government has ...To the Editor:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,called the roof of the world,is an extremely harsh environment with scarce medical resources.[1]After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese government has invested a lot of financial support to develop Tibet Autonomous Region and to improve the quality of healthcare.The life expectancy of the whole district has increased from 36 years old in the 1950s to 68 years old currently,and the population has grown from less than 1 million in the 1950s to 3.31 million today.展开更多
基金the Tibet Natural Science Funding Committee Grant(No.XZ2017ZR-ZYZ06).
文摘Objective Burnout is a triad of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment resulting from job stress.Although with distinct regional and cultural characteristics,burnout among anesthesiologists in the Tibet has not been described.This study aimed to explore the prevalence of burnout among anesthesiologists in Tibet and its associated factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tibet,China,with an anonymous questionnaire.Socialdemographic characteristics,work status,three dimensions of burnout assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 133 individuals from 17 hospitals completed the survey from March to June 2018.The prevalence of moderate-to high-level of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and burnout in personal accomplishment was 65.4%(95%CI,57.0%-72.9%),66.9%(95%CI,58.5%-74.3%),and 83.5%(95%CI,76.2%-88.8%),respectively.An annual caseload≥500,frequent overtime work and fair to poor sleep quality were significantly associated with a higher level of emotional exhaustion(P<0.001,P=0.001,and P<0.0001,respectively).5-9 years in anesthesiology experience was significantly associated with a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization(P=0.002 and P=0.003,respectively).Conclusions More than half of anesthesiologists working in Tibet experience a moderate-to high-level of burnout in at least one dimensional scale.Anesthesiologists having 5-9 years of experience are more prone to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.Efforts to decrease burnout through reducing the working load and raising the social recognition of anesthesiologists in Tibet should be considered.
基金We are grateful to Prof.J.Arafune of ICRR,University of Tokyo and Prof.S.X.Fan of IHEP,Chinese Academy of Science for their support and encouragement.
文摘Data from the Tibet air shower array were used to examine the cosmic ray shadows of the Moon and the Sun at energies around 10Tev.The shadowing effect was clearly observed at the 5.8level for the Moon,while the shadow of the Sun was found in the direction away from the sun by 0.86°tothe west and 0.43°to the south.The effect of the geomagnetic field has also been observed in the shadow of cosmic rays by the Moon.The observed deflection of the sun’s shadow is briefly discussed in connection with the effect of the magnetic fields between the sun and the Earth.This is the first observation of the effects of such magnetic fields on the cosmic ray shadow.The maximum-likelihood analysis of the Moon data set shows that the angular resolutions of the array for showers with its mode energies 7TeVand 35TeV are 0.87°-0.13°+0.10°and 0.54°-0.08°+0.11°,respectively.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the Tibet Natural Science Funding Committee Grant(No.XZ2017ZR-ZYZ06)the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2016-I2M-3-024)the Peking Union Medical College Hospital Faculty Development Overseas Training Program(No.2018PUMCHFDO-LX).
文摘To the Editor:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,called the roof of the world,is an extremely harsh environment with scarce medical resources.[1]After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Chinese government has invested a lot of financial support to develop Tibet Autonomous Region and to improve the quality of healthcare.The life expectancy of the whole district has increased from 36 years old in the 1950s to 68 years old currently,and the population has grown from less than 1 million in the 1950s to 3.31 million today.
