Sexual dichromatism represents a major form of phenotypic differentiation between the sexes in birds,and its evolution is likely shaped by the interplay between sexual and natural selection.The genus Ficedula,widely d...Sexual dichromatism represents a major form of phenotypic differentiation between the sexes in birds,and its evolution is likely shaped by the interplay between sexual and natural selection.The genus Ficedula,widely distributed across Eurasia,exhibits pronounced interspecific variation in both sexual dichromatism and migratory behavior,making it an ideal study system for investigating the evolutionary patterns and drivers of avian sexual dichromatism.In this study,we conducted a phylogenetic comparative analysis of plumage complexity and sexual dichromatism across 32 Ficedula species.We further explored how life-history traits influence the evolution of sexual dichromatism.Our results reveal a strong positive correlation between male plumage complexity and the degree of sexual dichromatism,with males evolving plumage complexity at significantly faster rates than females.Migratory species exhibit significantly higher levels of dichromatism.Furthermore,compared to monochromatic species,sexually dichromatic species are characterized by higher latitudinal occurrence,broader geographic distributions,and greater flight capacity.These findings demonstrated how sexual and natural selection jointly drive evolution of sexual dichromatism in Ficedula within phylogenetic constraints,advancing our understanding of the evolutionary drivers of avian sexual dichromatism.展开更多
Based on the high-and low-resolution Community Earth System Model, version 1(CESM1), and corresponding simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6), we compare the interannual variabili...Based on the high-and low-resolution Community Earth System Model, version 1(CESM1), and corresponding simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6), we compare the interannual variability of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM). The EASM interannual variability is characterized by the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone(WNPAC) circulation and the dipole rainfall pattern with a negative southern lobe over the western North Pacific and a positive northern lobe along the Meiyu–Baiu region, which is better reproduced by the highresolution models. The reason for the improvement in the high-resolution models has been attributed to the better simulation of the warm temperature advection from the wind anomalies on the climatological temperature gradient. Positive sea surface temperature(SST) anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean are the key to the improved wind anomalies featuring a WNPAC in the high-resolution models. The warm SST anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean strengthen the WNPAC by triggering a Kelvin-wave response to the enhanced heat release induced by the increased precipitation. Based on the mixed-layer heat budget analysis, the warm SST anomalies over the western Indian Ocean in the high-resolution CESM1 are tied to the anomalous easterly wind along the equator, which reduces surface evaporation and upwelling.Therefore, the better simulations of air–sea feedback and the oceanic mesoscale eddy over the western Indian Ocean are the key for the improved simulation of the EASM interannual variations in the high-resolution CESM1.展开更多
Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces,driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm.This opinion paper presents an overview of global researc...Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces,driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm.This opinion paper presents an overview of global research data infrastructure,drawing insights from national roadmaps and strategic documents related to research data infrastructure.It emphasizes the pivotal role of research data infrastructures by delineating four new missions aimed at positioning them at the core of the current scientific research and communication ecosystem.The four new missions of research data infrastructures are:(1)as a pioneer,to transcend the disciplinary border and address complex,cutting-edge scientific and social challenges with problem-and data-oriented insights;(2)as an architect,to establish a digital,intelligent,flexible research and knowledge services environment;(3)as a platform,to foster the high-end academic communication;(4)as a coordinator,to balance scientific openness with ethics needs.展开更多
Heat processing of food has been well validated as the trigger to generate heat-processing side product of advanced lipoxidation end products(ALEs),which potentially engenders the threat on systemic health or progress...Heat processing of food has been well validated as the trigger to generate heat-processing side product of advanced lipoxidation end products(ALEs),which potentially engenders the threat on systemic health or progression of diseases,especially the accumulated effect after long-term intake.Thus,the study was proposed to evaluate the effect of dietary ALEs on health after long-term ingestion,specifically through simulating the intake of dietary ALE in mice within 9 months to investigate the intervention effect and underlying mechanism.The unexpected observation of renal insufficiency or impairment after long-term intake of dietary ALEs indicated the negative impact on renal health,which has been verified by the pathological analysis.Further studies revealed that a high-ALEs diet disrupted the intestinal barrier,with enhanced impact after disturbing the gut microbiota to potentially lower the abundance of beneficial microbiome through producing nephrotoxic metabolites.Correlation analysis showed that the proliferation of harmful bacteria and the reduction of beneficial bacteria were strongly correlated with intestinal barrier damage and the development of renal insufficiency.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism was unveiled as that ALEs could inhibit AMPK/SIRT1 signaling to fundamentally induce renal inflammation and oxidative stress.Thus,it was revealed that long-term intake of dietary ALE could result in renal impairment,and the results emphasized the control or intervention on dietary ALE to decrease to accumulated impairment on systemic health.展开更多
基金support was provided by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grant 31772444 and 31471987)。
文摘Sexual dichromatism represents a major form of phenotypic differentiation between the sexes in birds,and its evolution is likely shaped by the interplay between sexual and natural selection.The genus Ficedula,widely distributed across Eurasia,exhibits pronounced interspecific variation in both sexual dichromatism and migratory behavior,making it an ideal study system for investigating the evolutionary patterns and drivers of avian sexual dichromatism.In this study,we conducted a phylogenetic comparative analysis of plumage complexity and sexual dichromatism across 32 Ficedula species.We further explored how life-history traits influence the evolution of sexual dichromatism.Our results reveal a strong positive correlation between male plumage complexity and the degree of sexual dichromatism,with males evolving plumage complexity at significantly faster rates than females.Migratory species exhibit significantly higher levels of dichromatism.Furthermore,compared to monochromatic species,sexually dichromatic species are characterized by higher latitudinal occurrence,broader geographic distributions,and greater flight capacity.These findings demonstrated how sexual and natural selection jointly drive evolution of sexual dichromatism in Ficedula within phylogenetic constraints,advancing our understanding of the evolutionary drivers of avian sexual dichromatism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos.42275018 (L.D.) and 42175029 (F.S.)]the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program (Overseas) [Grant No.2022HWYQ-065 (L.D.)]+3 种基金the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province [Grant No.tsqn202211068 (L.D.)]the Fund of Laoshan Laboratory [Grant Nos.LSKJ202202602 (L.D.) and LSKJ202202201 (F.S.)]financially supported by Laoshan Laboratory (Grant No.LSKJ202300302)supported by the Office of Science, U.S.Department of Energy (DOE) Biological and Environmental Research through the Water Cycle and Climate Extremes Modeling (WACCEM) scientific focus area funded by the Regional and Global Model Analysis program area。
文摘Based on the high-and low-resolution Community Earth System Model, version 1(CESM1), and corresponding simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6), we compare the interannual variability of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM). The EASM interannual variability is characterized by the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone(WNPAC) circulation and the dipole rainfall pattern with a negative southern lobe over the western North Pacific and a positive northern lobe along the Meiyu–Baiu region, which is better reproduced by the highresolution models. The reason for the improvement in the high-resolution models has been attributed to the better simulation of the warm temperature advection from the wind anomalies on the climatological temperature gradient. Positive sea surface temperature(SST) anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean are the key to the improved wind anomalies featuring a WNPAC in the high-resolution models. The warm SST anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean strengthen the WNPAC by triggering a Kelvin-wave response to the enhanced heat release induced by the increased precipitation. Based on the mixed-layer heat budget analysis, the warm SST anomalies over the western Indian Ocean in the high-resolution CESM1 are tied to the anomalous easterly wind along the equator, which reduces surface evaporation and upwelling.Therefore, the better simulations of air–sea feedback and the oceanic mesoscale eddy over the western Indian Ocean are the key for the improved simulation of the EASM interannual variations in the high-resolution CESM1.
基金the National Social Science Fund of China(Grant No.22CTQ031)Special Project on Library Capacity Building of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.E2290431).
文摘Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces,driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm.This opinion paper presents an overview of global research data infrastructure,drawing insights from national roadmaps and strategic documents related to research data infrastructure.It emphasizes the pivotal role of research data infrastructures by delineating four new missions aimed at positioning them at the core of the current scientific research and communication ecosystem.The four new missions of research data infrastructures are:(1)as a pioneer,to transcend the disciplinary border and address complex,cutting-edge scientific and social challenges with problem-and data-oriented insights;(2)as an architect,to establish a digital,intelligent,flexible research and knowledge services environment;(3)as a platform,to foster the high-end academic communication;(4)as a coordinator,to balance scientific openness with ethics needs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030083)。
文摘Heat processing of food has been well validated as the trigger to generate heat-processing side product of advanced lipoxidation end products(ALEs),which potentially engenders the threat on systemic health or progression of diseases,especially the accumulated effect after long-term intake.Thus,the study was proposed to evaluate the effect of dietary ALEs on health after long-term ingestion,specifically through simulating the intake of dietary ALE in mice within 9 months to investigate the intervention effect and underlying mechanism.The unexpected observation of renal insufficiency or impairment after long-term intake of dietary ALEs indicated the negative impact on renal health,which has been verified by the pathological analysis.Further studies revealed that a high-ALEs diet disrupted the intestinal barrier,with enhanced impact after disturbing the gut microbiota to potentially lower the abundance of beneficial microbiome through producing nephrotoxic metabolites.Correlation analysis showed that the proliferation of harmful bacteria and the reduction of beneficial bacteria were strongly correlated with intestinal barrier damage and the development of renal insufficiency.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism was unveiled as that ALEs could inhibit AMPK/SIRT1 signaling to fundamentally induce renal inflammation and oxidative stress.Thus,it was revealed that long-term intake of dietary ALE could result in renal impairment,and the results emphasized the control or intervention on dietary ALE to decrease to accumulated impairment on systemic health.
